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VMware 4817V62 - vSphere - PC, Руководство администратора


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Procedure

u

Select Do not create a disk.

Complete Virtual Machine Creation

The Ready to Complete page enables you to review your virtual machine’s configuration.
To perform additional configuration before completing the virtual machine, select the Edit the virtual machine

settings before completion check box and click Next.
Before you can use your new virtual machine, you must first partition and format the virtual drive, install a

guest operating system, then install VMware Tools. Typically, the operating system’s installation program

handles partitioning and formatting the virtual drive.

Installing a Guest Operating System

Installing a guest operating system inside your virtual machine is essentially the same as installing it on a

physical computer.
The basic steps for a typical operating system are described in this section. See Guest Operating System Installation

Guide for more information on individual guest operating systems.

N

OTE

   It might be necessary to change the boot order in the virtual machine’s BIOS settings. However,

sometimes a virtual machine’s boot sequence progresses too quickly for a user to open a console to the virtual

machine and enter BIOS setup. If this happens, select the Boot Options option on the Options tab of the Virtual

Machine Properties dialog box, and select The next time the virtual machine boots, force entry into the BIOS

setup screen. The virtual machine will enter the BIOS setup the next time it boots.

Install a Guest Operating System from Media

You can install a guest operating system from ISO or CD-ROM.

Procedure

1

Using the vSphere Client, log into the vCenter Server system or host on which the virtual machine resides.

2

Insert the installation CD-ROM for your guest operating system, or create an ISO image file from the

installation CD-ROM.
Using an ISO image is faster than using a CD-ROM.

3

Use the Virtual Machine Settings editor to connect the virtual machine’s CD-ROM drive to the ISO image

file and power on the virtual machine.

4

To power on your virtual machine, click the Power On button.
When a virtual machine is powered on, a green right arrow appears next to the virtual machine icon in

the inventory list.

5

Follow the installation instructions provided by the operating system vendor.

Installing and Upgrading VMware Tools

VMware Tools is a suite of utilities that enhances the performance of the virtual machine’s guest operating

system and improves management of the virtual machine.
Installing VMware Tools in the guest operating system is vital. Although the guest operating system can run

without VMware Tools, you lose important functionality and convenience.

vSphere Basic System Administration

120 

 VMware, Inc.

Содержание 4817V62 - vSphere - PC

Страница 1: ...4 0 ESXi 4 0 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition To check for more recent editions of this d...

Страница 2: ...ware com Copyright 2009 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved This product is protected by U S and international copyright and intellectual property laws VMware products are covered by one or more paten...

Страница 3: ...ient and Log In 27 Stop the vSphere Client and Log Out 28 vSphere Web Access 28 VMware Service Console 29 3 Using vCenter Server in Linked Mode 31 Linked Mode Prerequisites 31 Linked Mode Consideratio...

Страница 4: ...Objects in the Inventory 74 Remove an Inventory Object 74 Browsing Datastores in the vSphere Client Inventory 75 7 Managing Hosts in vCenter Server 77 About Hosts 77 Add a Host 78 Completing the Add...

Страница 5: ...ect an Operating System 115 Select the Number of Virtual Processors 115 Configure Virtual Memory 116 Configure Networks 116 About VMware Paravirtual SCSI Adapters 116 Select a SCSI Adapter 117 Selecti...

Страница 6: ...Cold Migration 184 Migrating a Suspended Virtual Machine 184 Migration with VMotion 184 Migration with Storage VMotion 193 Migrate a Powered Off or Suspended Virtual Machine 194 Migrate a Powered On V...

Страница 7: ...h Performance Statistics 261 Statistics Collection for vCenter Server 261 vCenter Server Performance Charts 268 Monitoring and Troubleshooting Performance 273 23 Working with Tasks and Events 279 Mana...

Страница 8: ...the Microsoft System Preparation Tools from a Microsoft Web Site Download 321 Install the Microsoft Sysprep Tools from the Windows Operating System CD 322 C Performance Metrics 325 Cluster Services Me...

Страница 9: ...en upgrading VMware Tools manually EN 000105 05 n In Specify an IP Address Range on page 109 updated the incorrect IPv4 address from 10 209 60 13 to 10 20 60 13 n In Chapter 17 Using Snapshots on page...

Страница 10: ...backups EN 000105 01 n The topic Add a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine on page 163 now reflects that although you can add a USB controller to a virtual machine adding USB devices is not supported...

Страница 11: ...ence The information presented in this manual is written for system administrators who are experienced Windows or Linux system administrators and who are familiar with virtual machine technology and d...

Страница 12: ...port for priority 1 issues Go to http www vmware com support phone_support html Support Offerings To find out how VMware support offerings can help meet your business needs go to http www vmware com s...

Страница 13: ...Getting Started VMware Inc 13...

Страница 14: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 14 VMware Inc...

Страница 15: ...ponents of vSphere on page 15 n vSphere Client Interfaces on page 17 n Functional Components on page 17 n Managed Components on page 19 n Access Privileges Components on page 21 n vCenter Server Modul...

Страница 16: ...e by adding views tabs toolbar buttons or menu options related to the added functionality Plug ins leverage core vCenter Server capabilities such as authentication and permission management but can ha...

Страница 17: ...achine management and configuration and get console access to virtual machines It is installed with your ESX ESXi host Similar to the vSphere Client vSphere Web Access works directly with a host or th...

Страница 18: ...h their current status The status details include warning and alert information Guided Consolidation Analyzes computers in your enterprise and recommends the best candidates to virtualize The consolid...

Страница 19: ...the hosts in the cluster are merged to allow resource balancing for the hosts in the cluster If you enable VMware HA on a cluster the resources of the cluster are managed as a pool of capacity to all...

Страница 20: ...one with datastores and one with networks Hosts The physical computer on which the virtualization platform software such as ESX ESXi is installed and all virtual machines reside If the vSphere Client...

Страница 21: ...of privileges as well as use the sample roles that vCenter Server provides Users and Groups Created through the Windows domain or Active Directory database or on the ESX ESXi host The server vCenter...

Страница 22: ...Data Recovery is fully integrated with VMware vCenter Server to enable centralized and efficient management of backup jobs and includes data de duplication to minimize disk usage vCenter Components Th...

Страница 23: ...ng automatic migrations of virtual machines VMotion or by providing a recommendation for virtual machine migrations VMware DRS includes distributed power management DPM capabilities When DPM is enable...

Страница 24: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 24 VMware Inc...

Страница 25: ...n ESX ESXi Host When you install ESX ESXi it starts itself through the installation reboot process If your ESX ESXi host is shut down you must manually restart it Procedure u On the physical box where...

Страница 26: ...s service vCenter Server starts when you start the Windows machine on which it is installed It also restarts when that machine is rebooted Verify That vCenter Server Is Running You can verify that the...

Страница 27: ...ere Client After you log in the client displays the objects and functionality appropriate to the server you are accessing and the permissions available to the user you logged in as Procedure 1 Log in...

Страница 28: ...console provides a remote mouse keyboard screen MKS for the virtual machines You can interact with a guest operating system running in a virtual machine and connect remotely to the virtual machine s...

Страница 29: ...e does not recommend using DHCP for the service console unless your DNS server can handle the host name translation CAUTION Do not use dynamic DHCP addressing when sharing the network adapter assigned...

Страница 30: ...rmation about commands their usage options and syntax Procedure u At the service console command line type the man command followed by the name of the command for which you want to see information For...

Страница 31: ...ies of all the vCenter Server systems in the group n View the inventories off all of the vCenter Server systems in the group in a single inventory view You cannot migrate hosts or virtual machines bet...

Страница 32: ...stance that is not part of a domain you must add the standalone instance to a domain and add a domain user as an administrator n The vCenter Server instances in a Linked Mode group do not need to have...

Страница 33: ...by the existing instances because group members do not read the global data very often Reconciling Roles When Connecting vCenter Server to a Linked Mode Group When you join a vCenter Server system to...

Страница 34: ...Configure the URLs on a Linked Mode vCenter Server System If you connect a vCenter Server system to a Linked Mode group and the vCenter Server system has a machine name that does not match the domain...

Страница 35: ...that the vCenter Server domain name matches the machine name If they do not match change one or both to make them match b Update the URLs to make them compatible with the new domain name and machine...

Страница 36: ...guration on the local machine must be modified Incorrect configuration of firewalls can cause licenses and roles to become inconsistent between instances Prerequisites n The Windows version must be an...

Страница 37: ...Server system that is part of a connected group you can monitor the health of services running on each server in the group Procedure u From the vSphere Client Home page click vCenter Service Status Th...

Страница 38: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 38 VMware Inc...

Страница 39: ...access various vSphere Client functions When you log out of the vSphere Client the client application remembers the view that was displayed when it was closed and will return you to that view when you...

Страница 40: ...2 Click the General tab 3 Select Show Getting Started Tabs and click OK Status Bar Recent Tasks and Triggered Alarms Use the status bar to view information about alarms and recently completed or acti...

Страница 41: ...earch all vCenter Server systems in Linked Mode If you log in using a local account searches return results only for the local vCenter Server system even if it is joined to other servers in Linked Mod...

Страница 42: ...additional property that you want to use to restrict the search results The available properties depend on the type of object you are searching for c Select or type the appropriate options for the pr...

Страница 43: ...port 2 Select File Export Export List 3 Type a filename select a file type in the dialog box and click Save Custom Attributes Custom attributes can be used to associate user specific meta information...

Страница 44: ...the Name field and type the name you want to assign to the attribute 4 Click OK Edit a Custom Attribute You can edit custom attributes and add annotations for a virtual machine or host from the Summar...

Страница 45: ...sable installed plug ins Install Plug Ins You can install plug ins using the Plug in Manager Procedure 1 Launch the vSphere Client and log in to a vCenter Server system 2 Select Plug ins Manage Plug i...

Страница 46: ...extension servers and the vSphere Clients that will use them must be located on systems under the same domain If they are not or the DNS of the extension server is changed the extension clients will...

Страница 47: ...lowing topics n Host Configuration on page 47 n Configuring vCenter Server on page 48 n Access the vCenter Server Settings on page 48 n Configuring Communication Among ESX vCenter Server and the vSphe...

Страница 48: ...fore timing out Logging Options Specify the amount of detail collected in vCenter Server log files Database Specify the password required to access the vCenter Server database and the maximum number o...

Страница 49: ...er Server Procedure 1 Select Administration vCenter Server Settings 2 If the vCenter Server system is part of a connected group in Current vCenter Server select the vCenter Server system to configure...

Страница 50: ...a specific request for information from the management system n By sending a trap which is an alert sent by the SNMP agent to notify the management system of a particular event or condition Management...

Страница 51: ...fied What to do next Configure your SNMP management software to receive and interpret data from the vCenter Server SNMP agent See Configure SNMP Management Client Software on page 53 Configure SNMP fo...

Страница 52: ...e u From the vSphere CLI type vicfg snmp pl server hostname username username password password c com1 Replace com1 with the community name you wish to set Each time you specify a community with this...

Страница 53: ...m management systems You can use the vicfg snmp command to configure an alternative port To avoid conflicting with other services use a UDP port that is not defined in etc services IMPORTANT Both the...

Страница 54: ...MWARE RESOURCES MIB mib g VMWARE VMINFO MIB mib h VMWARE OBSOLETE MIB mib for use with versions of ESX ESXi prior to 4 0 i VMWARE AGENTCAP MIB mib j VMWARE VC EVENT MIB mib The management software can...

Страница 55: ...lier versions of ESX ESXi Includes variables formerly defined in the files VMWARE TRAPS MIB mib and VMWARE VMKERNEL MIB mib VMWARE PRODUCTS MIB mib Defines OIDs to uniquely identify each SNMP agent on...

Страница 56: ...a material change in the physical condition of the hardware n vmwESXEnvHardwareEvent which is sent when an ESX host has detected a material change in the physical condition of the hardware Table 5 4...

Страница 57: ...rces 1 Defines the root OID for the subtree of variables used to report CPU information vmwCpuTable vmwCPU 2 A table of CPU usage by each virtual machine vmwCpuEntry vmwCpuTable 1 An entry in cpuTable...

Страница 58: ...cord for a single network adapter on the virtual machine vmwNetIdx vmwNetEntry 1 Index for the network table vmwNetName vmwNetEntry 2 A string describing the network adapter vmwNetVMID vmwNetEntry 3 T...

Страница 59: ...enerating the trap vpxdTrapType vmwTraps 301 The trap type of the vCenter Server trap vpxdHostName vmwTraps 302 The name of the affected host vpxdVMName vmwTraps 303 The name of the affected virtual m...

Страница 60: ...nes the root OID for the subtree of variables used to report memory information vmwMemSize vmwMemory 1 Amount of physical memory present on the host in KB vmwMemCOS vmwMemory 2 Amount of physical memo...

Страница 61: ...build number Table 5 9 lists the variables defined in VMWARE SYSTEM MIB mib Table 5 9 Variables Defined in VMWARE SYSTEM MIB Variable ID Mapping Description vmwProdName vmwSystem 1 The product name vm...

Страница 62: ...t vmwVpxdVMName vmwVC 303 The name of the affected virtual machine vmwVpxdOldStatus vmwVC 304 The prior status vmwVpxdNewStatus vmwVC 305 The new status vmwVpxdObjValue vmwVC 306 The object value VMWA...

Страница 63: ...aTgtVmIdx vmwHbaTgtEntry 1 A number corresponding to the virtual machine s index vmwVmIdx in the vmwVmTable vmwHbaTgtIdx vmwHbaTgtEntry 2 This value identifies a particular disk vmwHbaTgtNum vmwHbaTgt...

Страница 64: ...rue the CD ROM device is connected Virtual Machine Trap Variables vmwVmID vmwTraps 101 Holds the same value as vmwVmVMID of the affected virtual machine generating the trap to allow polling of the aff...

Страница 65: ...t overrides any configuration information It therefore provides a means of disabling all authenticationFailure traps snmpSilentDrops snmp 31 The total number of Confirmed Class PDUs delivered to the S...

Страница 66: ...or ESX Service log var log vmware hostd log vSphere Client Agent log var log vmware vpx vpxa log Virtual Machine Kernel Core file root vmkernel core date and root vmkernel log date These files are pre...

Страница 67: ...Temp directory Example C Documents and Settings username Local Settings Temp vmware username PID log Linux Temp directory Example tmp vmware username ui PID log If you encounter problems with the VMw...

Страница 68: ...ced Settings 4 Select Syslog in the tree control 5 In the Syslog Local DatastorePath text box enter the datastore path for the file to which syslog will log messages The datastore path should be of th...

Страница 69: ...w the viclient log files change to the directory temp n If you are running the vSphere Client connected to a vCenter Server system download the log bundle The log bundle is generated as a zip file By...

Страница 70: ...3 In the Key text box type log compressOnRoll 4 In the Value text box type false 5 Click Add and click OK ESX ESXi VMkernel Files If the VMkernel fails an error message appears and then the virtual ma...

Страница 71: ...managed hosts as well as virtual machines Each object in the vSphere Client has a particular place in the overall object hierarchy An object s position in the hierarchy is determined by the object s f...

Страница 72: ...d object to hosts clusters or resource pools Can be moved between hosts or clusters When adding to a cluster or resource pool you must specify or have in the cluster or resource pool a designated targ...

Страница 73: ...o view virtual machines as they are arranged in the folder hierarchy use the VMs and Templates view Selecting VMs and Templates from the Home page Displays all virtual machines and templates Through t...

Страница 74: ...on the host must be shut down and the host must be placed into maintenance mode before it can be moved from the cluster n Resource pools move to other resource pools and folders n Virtual machines mo...

Страница 75: ...nload a file from a datastore to the client computer n Delete or rename files on a datastore The Datastore Browser operates in a manner similar to file system applications like Windows Explorer It sup...

Страница 76: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 76 VMware Inc...

Страница 77: ...emove a Host from a Cluster on page 81 n Understanding Managed Host Removal on page 81 n Remove a Managed Host from vCenter Server on page 82 n Monitoring Host Health Status on page 83 About Hosts A h...

Страница 78: ...firewall if needed If any managed host in the vCenter Server environment is behind a firewall ensure that the managed host can communicate with vCenter Server and with all other hosts See the ESX Serv...

Страница 79: ...r Server then uses this account for all future authentication 4 Optional Select Enable Lockdown Mode to disable remote access for the administrator account after vCenter Server takes control of this h...

Страница 80: ...med by vCenter Server The managed host and its associated virtual machines remain in the vCenter Server inventory By contrast removing a managed host from vCenter Server removes the managed host and a...

Страница 81: ...ick the appropriate managed host icon in the inventory panel and select Enter Maintenance Mode from the pop up menu 3 In the confirmation dialog that appears click Yes The host icon changes and the te...

Страница 82: ...itoring and management of that host If possible remove managed hosts while they are connected Removing a disconnected managed host does not remove the vCenter Server agent from the managed host Prereq...

Страница 83: ...ither by connecting the vSphere Client directly to a host or by connecting to a vCenter Server system You can also set alarms to trigger when the host health status changes Monitor Host Health Status...

Страница 84: ...ormation in this topic to troubleshoot problems with Hardware Health Procedure u Take the appropriate action based on the observed problem Problem Action The Hardware Status tab is not visible in the...

Страница 85: ...Virtual Machine Management VMware Inc 85...

Страница 86: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 86 VMware Inc...

Страница 87: ...ollected Generally the longer the duration of the analysis phase the higher the confidence in the vCenter Server s recommendations Consolidate Performance data is compared to the resources available o...

Страница 88: ...target systems for performance data collection n The Guided Consolidation host must have a name that can be resolved from any machine on the network n The Guided Consolidation host must have a static...

Страница 89: ...to the systems selected for analysis Specifically the vCenter Collector Service uses these credentials to connect to and retrieve configuration and performance data from the physical systems under an...

Страница 90: ...g 445 TCP UDP DNS DNS Direct Hosting port In Windows 2000 and Windows XP redirector and server components now support direct hosting for communicating with other computers running Windows 2000 or Wind...

Страница 91: ...ainer Configuring Consolidation Settings It is recommended that you specify Consolidation settings before using the feature Consolidation settings are located in the Configuration tab of the Guided Co...

Страница 92: ...address or range of IP addresses or file name Alternatively you can select a domain it must be active and select systems found within that domain You can analyze up to 100 systems simultaneously NOTE...

Страница 93: ...te is to a particular virtual machine host system Confidence refers to the reliability of the recommendation and it is a function of the duration of the analysis Recommendations based on longer period...

Страница 94: ...a new name Your entry will be used as the name for the resultant virtual machine 4 Optional Change destinations if alternative destinations are available by clicking in the Destinations column and se...

Страница 95: ...will no longer be usable Windows Systems Not Discovered Guided Consolidation does not discover some Windows systems Problem Windows systems that match all of the following conditions will not be disco...

Страница 96: ...Classic local users authenticate as themselves 2 Select Start Run 3 Run either gpedit msc or secpol msc 4 In the left pane select one of the following depending on which command you ran in the previo...

Страница 97: ...n disable analysis on multiple systems Problem Temporary network errors can sometimes cause Guided Consolidation to stop analysis on one or more systems even when the systems are reachable Solution Ri...

Страница 98: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 98 VMware Inc...

Страница 99: ...a means of distributing template virtual machines to users including users who cannot directly access and use the templates in your vCenter Server inventory This chapter includes the following topics...

Страница 100: ...DRS disabled or in manual mode 9 Navigate to and select the resource pool where you want to run the OVF template and click Next This page is only displayed if resource pools or clusters are configure...

Страница 101: ...tual machine or vApp and select File Export Export OVF Template 2 In the Export OVF Template dialog perform the following steps a Type the Name of the template For example type MyVm NOTE When exportin...

Страница 102: ...ted n C OvfLib MyVm MyVm ovf n C OvfLib MyVm mf n C OvfLib MyVm disk1 vmdk e Optional In Description type a description for the virtual machine By default the text from the Notes pane on the virtual m...

Страница 103: ...rvice NOTE The vApp metadata resides in the vCenter Server s database so a vApp can be distributed across multiple ESX ESXi hosts This information can be lost if the vCenter Server database is cleared...

Страница 104: ...name you enter is used as the vApp s display name in the inventory The name can be up to 80 characters long This name must be unique within the folder Procedure 1 On the Name and Folder page enter a n...

Страница 105: ...elect the menu option to create a specific object Option Description Inventory vApp New Virtual Machine Creates a new virtual machine inside the vApp Complete the Create New Virtual Machine wizard See...

Страница 106: ...re advanced options typically edited by the vApp author 3 Click the Start Up tab to edit vApp startup and shutdown options 4 Click OK when finished Edit vApp Startup and Shutdown Options You can chang...

Страница 107: ...ions list 3 Select one of the following options Option Description Fixed IP addresses are manually configured No automatic allocation is performed Transient IP addresses are automatically allocated fr...

Страница 108: ...URL the application URL If properties are used for specifying the virtual machine IP address a dynamic application URL can be entered that points to a web page exposed by running the virtual machine...

Страница 109: ...ing a host address range within a network IP pool ranges are configured with IPv4 and IPv6 These ranges are used by vCenter Server to dynamically allocate IP addresses to virtual machines when a vApp...

Страница 110: ...contains the vApp 2 In the IP Pools tab right click the IP pool you wish to edit and select Properties NOTE If no IP pools are present click Add to add a new IP pool 3 In the Properties dialog select...

Страница 111: ...xt 7 Optional Select a network and click Next 8 Complete the vApp clone Power On a vApp Each application within the service will be powered on according to how the startup order is set When powering o...

Страница 112: ...e shutdown settings the vApp waits for the set length of time before powering down that virtual machine Edit vApp Annotation You can add or edit notes for a particular vApp Procedure 1 Select the vApp...

Страница 113: ...age 115 n Select the Number of Virtual Processors on page 115 n Configure Virtual Memory on page 116 n Configure Networks on page 116 n About VMware Paravirtual SCSI Adapters on page 116 n Select a SC...

Страница 114: ...tem on page 115 6 Select the Number of Virtual Processors on page 115 7 Configure Virtual Memory on page 116 8 Configure Networks on page 116 9 Select a SCSI Adapter on page 117 10 Selecting a Virtual...

Страница 115: ...ine functionality Recommended for virtual machines that do not need to migrate to ESX 3 x hosts Select an Operating System The guest operating system you select affects the supported devices and numbe...

Страница 116: ...whether you want the NIC to connect when the virtual machine is powered on About VMware Paravirtual SCSI Adapters Paravirtual SCSI PVSCSI adapters are high performance storage adapters that can result...

Страница 117: ...our guest operating system is already selected Older guest operating systems default to the BusLogic adapter If you create an LSI Logic virtual machine and add a virtual disk that uses BusLogic adapte...

Страница 118: ...d from the very beginning occupies the entire datastore space provisioned to it Thick format does not zero out the blocks in the allocated space It is not possible to convert the thick disk into thin...

Страница 119: ...f the mapped device It appears to the guest operating system exactly the same as a virtual disk file in a VMFS volume The real hardware characteristics are hidden Virtual mode enables you to use VMFS...

Страница 120: ...tab of the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box and select The next time the virtual machine boots force entry into the BIOS setup screen The virtual machine will enter the BIOS setup the next time...

Страница 121: ...nstead the vmwtool program is installed It controls the grabbing and releasing of the mouse cursor It also allows you copy and paste text You can optionally install WYSE Multimedia Redirector which im...

Страница 122: ...bundle on the guest operating system 5 If the New Hardware wizard appears go through the wizard and accept the defaults 6 In the virtual machine console do one of the following n If autorun is enable...

Страница 123: ...ere is no confirmation or finish button 8 In a terminal window as root su run the following command to configure VMware Tools vmware config tools pl Respond to the questions the installer displays on...

Страница 124: ...ve a previous installation delete the previous vmware tools distrib directory rm rf tmp vmware tools distrib The default location of this directory is tmp vmware tools distrib 9 List the contents of t...

Страница 125: ...l machine select Guest and select Install Upgrade VMware Tools 4 Select Interactive Tools Installation and click OK This step initiates the installation process by mounting the VMware Tools bundle on...

Страница 126: ...nstalled and current installed and not current or not installed Prerequisites n A supported guest operating system must be installed on the virtual machine n You must have an ESX ESXi license or be us...

Страница 127: ...the vSphere Client right click the virtual machine select Power and select Power On 2 Click the Console tab to make sure that the guest operating system starts successfully and log in if necessary 3...

Страница 128: ...automatic upgrades n Virtual machines must have a version of VMware Tools shipped with ESX Server 3 0 1 or greater installed n Virtual machines must be hosted on an ESX Server 3 0 1 or greater and the...

Страница 129: ...ools before each power on option under Automatic VMware Tools Upgrade 4 Click OK The next time the virtual machine is powered on it checks the ESX ESXi host for a newer version of VMware Tools If one...

Страница 130: ...ms For virtual machines that already have VMware Tools installed WYSE Multimedia Support can be installed as part of a VMware Tools upgrade using the Windows Add or Remove Programs feature Procedure 1...

Страница 131: ...3 Click OK Chapter 11 Creating Virtual Machines VMware Inc 131...

Страница 132: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 132 VMware Inc...

Страница 133: ...ces distributed over many ESX ESXi hosts Multiple vCenter Server systems can be joined together in a vCenter Server Connected Group to allow them to be managed with a single vSphere Client connection...

Страница 134: ...points for making changes to power states n Selecting the virtual machine and the power option from the Inventory Virtual Machine menu n Selecting Power on from the Commands area n Selecting the powe...

Страница 135: ...leted The figure below illustrates states transitions and state changing commands for virtual machines Figure 12 3 Virtual Machine Power State Changes suspend resume powered off powered on suspended p...

Страница 136: ...r with the virtual machine in the same state The speed of the suspend and resume operations depends on how much data changed while the virtual machine was running In general the first suspend operatio...

Страница 137: ...nes to vCenter Server When you add a host to vCenter Server it discovers all the virtual machines on that managed host and adds them to the vCenter Server inventory If a managed host is disconnected t...

Страница 138: ...irtual machine or template to add to the inventory 4 Right click the virtual machine or template and select Add to Inventory 5 Complete the Add to Inventory wizard to add the virtual machine or templa...

Страница 139: ...elapses If the virtual machine shuts down before that delay time is reached the next virtual machine starts shutting down 9 Use Move Up and Move Down to specify the order in which the virtual machines...

Страница 140: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 140 VMware Inc...

Страница 141: ...number of CPUs maximum memory configuration and other characteristics typical to hardware The default virtual machine hardware version of a newly created virtual machine is the most recent version ava...

Страница 142: ...escription Select the Summary tab The virtual machine hardware version appears at the top right corner of the Summary tab Right click and select Edit Settings The virtual machine hardware version appe...

Страница 143: ...emove hardware from your virtual machine The status of the device such as edited or adding appears in parentheses next to the hardware listing The selected guest operating system determines the device...

Страница 144: ...m a host CD ROM device 7 Alternatively select Use ISO Image to connect the virtual machine s drive to an ISO image file 8 If you selected Use ISO Image click Browse to navigate to the file 9 Under Vir...

Страница 145: ...es and close the dialog box Change the Virtual Disk Configuration You can change the virtual device node the size of the disk and the persistence mode for virtual disk configuration for a virtual mach...

Страница 146: ...ardware tab 2 Click the appropriate Parallel port in the Hardware list 3 Deselect the Connect at power on check box if you do not want the parallel port device to be connected when the virtual machine...

Страница 147: ...e location of the file on the host that you want to use to store the output of the virtual serial port 5 If you selected Use named pipe use the default pipe name or enter another pipe name of your cho...

Страница 148: ...out using SMP consult the VMware Knowledge Base NOTE Not all guest operating systems support SMP and some that do require reinstallation if the number of CPUs changes Procedure 1 In the Virtual Machin...

Страница 149: ...e the virtual machine is powered on Procedure 1 Click the Options tab 2 Select VMware Toolsin the Settings list The stop button on the toolbar can be configured to power off the virtual machine shut d...

Страница 150: ...Click the Options tab 2 Select Advanced General in the Settings list a To disable acceleration select the Disable acceleration check box You can enable and disable acceleration while the virtual machi...

Страница 151: ...es the point where you can enter BIOS 6 Select Advanced Paravirtualization Select Support VMI Paravirtualization to enable VMI Paravirtualization to enable it or deselect it to disable this feature VM...

Страница 152: ...ning a LUN that has been made available to the host c Select the Options tab d Select Fibre Channel NPIV e Currently assigned WWNs are displayed in the WWN Assignments box f Do one of the following n...

Страница 153: ...rmal High and Custom are compared to the sum of all shares of all virtual machines on the server and on ESX ESXi hosts the service console Share allocation symbolic values can be used to configure the...

Страница 154: ...with exactly two virtual processors the two virtual processors are allowed to share one physical core at the discretion of the host scheduler but this virtual machine never shares a core with any oth...

Страница 155: ...ly when used to tweak the performance of a specific set of virtual machines on one host this page also is not displayed when the virtual machine resides on a DRS cluster The option values are cleared...

Страница 156: ...g system determines the devices that are available to add to a given virtual machine Virtual machine hardware can be reconfigured while the virtual machine is running if the following conditions are m...

Страница 157: ...e virtual serial port 7 If you selected Connect to named pipe enter a pipe name in the Pipe Name field and use the drop down menus to select the near and far ends of the pipe The options for the near...

Страница 158: ...DVD drive on the host you must add the drive as a SCSI device Procedure 1 Start the Add Hardware wizard 2 Select DVD CD ROM Drive and click Next 3 Select either Use physical drive or Use ISO image n I...

Страница 159: ...dapter NIC to a Virtual Machine When you add an Ethernet adapter to a virtual machine you select the adapter type the network label and whether the device should connect when the virtual machine is po...

Страница 160: ...our virtual machine runs a 64 bit guest operating system the default adapter type is E1000 If you change a virtual machine from a 32 bit to a 64 bit guest operating system or the reverse you must remo...

Страница 161: ...e disk operates normally except that changes to the disk are permanent even if the virtual machine is reverted to a snapshot n Nonpersistent The disk appears to operate normally but whenever the virtu...

Страница 162: ...passthrough device to connect to the virtual machine from the drop down list and click Next 5 Click Finish Add a Paravirtualized SCSI Adapter Paravirtual SCSI PVSCSI adapters are high performance stor...

Страница 163: ...st current instructions n Disks on Paravirtual SCSI adapters might not experience performance gains if they have snapshots or if memory on the ESX host is over committed n If you upgrade from RHEL 5 t...

Страница 164: ...the thin format you can inflate it to its full size Convert a Virtual Disk from Thin to Thick If you created a virtual disk in the thin format you can convert it to thick Procedure 1 Select the virtu...

Страница 165: ...virtual machine When complete the deployed virtual machine is added to the folder chosen by the user To view templates select the datacenter and click the Virtual Machines tab All virtual machines and...

Страница 166: ...e the new template a name select its inventory location and click Next 6 Pass through the target location page and click Next 7 Specify in which format to store the template s virtual disks Option Des...

Страница 167: ...re space it can grow to its maximum capacity and occupy the entire datastore space provisioned to it Only VMFS datastores version 3 and later support virtual disks in the thin format Thick Allocate a...

Страница 168: ...f applicable in which you want to run the virtual machine and click Next Resource pools allow hierarchical management of resources within a host or cluster Virtual machines and child pools share the r...

Страница 169: ...in the datacenter panel 4 Click the Virtual Machines tab 5 Right click the template and select Convert to Virtual Machine The template is converted to a virtual machine Deleting Templates You can dele...

Страница 170: ...ext 7 Select a host or cluster on which to store the template and click Next 8 Review your selections and click Finish The template is registered to the host You can view the template from the host s...

Страница 171: ...m the drop down menu and click OK The Clone Virtual Machine wizard appears 5 Select the virtual machine to clone and click Next 6 Follow the wizard through the same steps as those in the previous task...

Страница 172: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 172 VMware Inc...

Страница 173: ...rtain tasks must be performed before running the Guest Customization wizard You must perform the following tasks before running the Guest Customization wizard n Create and configure a virtual machine...

Страница 174: ...and the system partition the partition containing the system directory for example WINNT or WINDOWS are on the same virtual disk and attached the SCSI 0 0 virtual SCSI node It is not a requirement th...

Страница 175: ...sing one of the following options Use a specific name The name can contain alphanumeric characters and the underscore _ and hyphen characters It cannot contain periods or blank spaces and cannot be ma...

Страница 176: ...CP server n Custom settings require you to manually configure the network interface settings 13 Select how the virtual machine will participate in the network by typing the following n Workgroup for e...

Страница 177: ...an optional description and click Next 5 Specify a host name to identify the guest operating system on the network 6 Enter the Domain Name for the computer and click Next 7 Select the time zone for t...

Страница 178: ...does not change 12 To log users into the guest operating system as Administrator select the check box and select the number of times to log in automatically 13 Click Next 14 Select the time zone for...

Страница 179: ...ons Manager 2 In the Customization Specification Manager right click a specification and select Edit 3 Proceed through the Guest Customization wizard to change specification setting Export Customizati...

Страница 180: ...t least one customization specification Procedure 1 In the vSphere Client select View Management Customization Specifications Manager 2 Click Import 3 From the Open dialog browse the xml to import and...

Страница 181: ...Start button and select Programs Administrative Tools Event Viewer Errors are logged to WINDIR temp vmware imc View the Error Log on Linux If the new virtual machine encounters customization errors w...

Страница 182: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 182 VMware Inc...

Страница 183: ...with VMotion cannot be used to move virtual machines from one datacenter to another Migration with Storage VMotion Moving the virtual disks or configuration file of a powered on virtual machine to a...

Страница 184: ...ng steps 1 The configuration files including the NVRAM file BIOS settings log files and the suspend file as well as the disks of the virtual machine are moved from the source host to the destination h...

Страница 185: ...e the VMware SAN Configuration Guide for additional information on SAN and the ESX Configuration Guide or ESXi Configuration Guide for information on other shared storage VMotion Networking Requiremen...

Страница 186: ...virtual machine NOTE VMware in partnership with CPU and hardware vendors is working to maintain VMotion compatibility across the widest range of processors For additional information search the VMwar...

Страница 187: ...ot a server and determine whether its CPUs contain features such as SSE3 SSSE3 and NX XD For more information on identifying Intel processors and their features see Application Note 485 Intel Processo...

Страница 188: ...FlexMigration technology for Intel hosts to mask processor features so that hosts can present the feature set of an earlier generation of processors The baseline feature set must be equivalent to or...

Страница 189: ...ts the processors supported in EVC Clusters Table 16 1 Processors Supported in EVC Clusters Vendor EVC Mode Processors Supported AMD AMD Opteron Generation 1 AMD Opteron Generation 1 AMD Opteron Gener...

Страница 190: ...Enable EVC on an existing cluster to help ensure VMotion compatibility between the hosts in the cluster Prerequisites Before you enable EVC on an existing cluster ensure that the hosts in the cluster...

Страница 191: ...tings 4 To edit the EVC settings click Change 5 From the VMware EVC Mode drop down menu select the baseline CPU feature set you want to enable for the cluster If the selected EVC Mode cannot be select...

Страница 192: ...es on these hosts can be migrated with VMotion only if the destination host can access the VMFS volume where the swap file is located You can configure ESX 3 5 or ESXi 3 5 or later hosts to store virt...

Страница 193: ...les from one datastore to another while the virtual machine is running You can choose to place the virtual machine and all its disks in a single location or select separate locations for the virtual m...

Страница 194: ...can use the Migration wizard to migrate a powered off virtual machine or suspended virtual machine Procedure 1 Display the virtual machine you want to migrate in the inventory 2 Right click on the vi...

Страница 195: ...ou leave a disk in its original location the disk format is not converted regardless of the selection made here 8 Review the summary and click Finish vCenter Server moves the virtual machine to the ne...

Страница 196: ...a Virtual Machine with Storage VMotion Use migration with Storage VMotion to relocate a virtual machine s configuration file and virtual disks while the virtual machine is powered on You cannot change...

Страница 197: ...gration the Migrate Virtual Machine wizard checks the destination host for compatibility with the migrating virtual machine using a number of criteria When you select a host the Compatibility panel at...

Страница 198: ...Description datacenter The datacenter that contains the virtual machine to be migrated You must quote the name if it contains white space or other special characters VM config datastore path The datas...

Страница 199: ...ow to use the Storage VMotion command line interface to relocate a virtual machine and all its disks or to relocate the virtual machine configuration file while leaving the disks in place The examples...

Страница 200: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 200 VMware Inc...

Страница 201: ...he virtual machine s memory n Virtual machine settings n State of all the virtual machine s virtual disks NOTE VMware does not support snapshots of raw disks RDM physical mode disks independent disks...

Страница 202: ...This may reduce the virtual machine performance until consolidation is complete The amount of time it takes to commit or delete snapshots depends on how much data the guest operating system has writt...

Страница 203: ...6 Click OK When the snapshot has been successfully taken it is listed in the Recent Tasks field at the bottom of the vSphere Client 7 Click the target virtual machine to display tasks and events for...

Страница 204: ...elp system Restore a Snapshot The Go to button allows you to restore the state of any snapshot Procedure 1 Select Inventory Virtual Machine Snapshot Snapshot Manager 2 In the Snapshot Manager select a...

Страница 205: ...rent state of the virtual machine The current disk and memory states are discarded and restored as they were when you took that snapshot If your parent snapshot was taken when the virtual machine was...

Страница 206: ...tate When you revert a virtual machine the virtual machine returns to the parent snapshot of the virtual machine that is the parent of the current You are here state take a snapshot go to snapshot_a V...

Страница 207: ...System Administration VMware Inc 207...

Страница 208: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 208 VMware Inc...

Страница 209: ...roles assigned on an ESX ESXi host are separate from the privileges and roles assigned on a vCenter Server system When you manage a host using vCenter Server only the privileges and roles assigned th...

Страница 210: ...of users Host Users Users authorized to work directly on an ESX ESXi host are added to the internal user list by default when ESX ESXi is installed or by a system administrator after installation If y...

Страница 211: ...od the default is every 24 hours Removing a group does not affect the permissions granted individually to the users in that group or those granted as part of inclusion in another group If you change a...

Страница 212: ...ault roles for ESX ESXi and vCenter Server Table 18 1 Default Roles Role Role Type Description of User Capabilities No Access system Cannot view or change the assigned object vSphere Client tabs assoc...

Страница 213: ...ed on virtual machines and datastores to allow provisioning of new virtual machines Usually granted on a cluster or resource pool This role is available only on vCenter Server VMware Consolidated Back...

Страница 214: ...change any of the privileges selected for that role When completed these new privileges are applied to any user or group assigned the edited role If you create or edit a role on a vCenter Server syst...

Страница 215: ...roup and role pairings to the selected new role Rename a Role Renaming a role does not change that role s assignments If you create or modify a role on a vCenter Server system that is part of a connec...

Страница 216: ...storage space such as creating a virtual disk or taking a snapshot requires the Datastore Allocate Space privilege on the target datastore as well as the privilege to perform the operation itself n M...

Страница 217: ...ter or resource pool simultaneously This means that to restrict a user s privileges on a virtual machine you must set permissions on both the parent folder and the parent host cluster or resource pool...

Страница 218: ...e of those groups two situations are possible n If no permission is defined for the user on that object the user is assigned the union of privileges assigned to the groups for that object n If a permi...

Страница 219: ...not take snapshots User 1 can take snapshots of VM B but not power it on Figure 18 4 Example 2 Child Permissions Overriding Parent Permissions VM A VM B VM Folder group B role 2 user 1 has permissions...

Страница 220: ...Procedure 1 Select an object and click the Permissions tab 2 Right click the Permissions tab and select Add Permission 3 Select a role from the Assigned Role drop down menu This menu displays all the...

Страница 221: ...box 4 Click OK Change Permission Validation Settings vCenter Server periodically validates its user and group lists against the users and groups in the Windows Active Directory domain and removes user...

Страница 222: ...permissions to groups rather than individual users n Grant permissions only where needed Using the minimum number of permissions makes it easier to understand and manage your permissions structure n I...

Страница 223: ...Assign Network Network Consumer or Virtual Machine Administrator Deploy a virtual machine from a template On the destination folder or datacenter n Virtual Machine Inventory Create n Virtual Machine...

Страница 224: ...or resource pool if different from the source Resource Assign Virtual Machine to Resource Pool Datacenter Administrator or Resource Pool Administrator or Virtual Machine Administrator Cold migrate re...

Страница 225: ...represent relationships between the selected object and its associated virtual and physical storage entities For more information on virtual and phisical storage resources and how virtual mahcines ac...

Страница 226: ...nt Procedure 1 Display the object in the inventory 2 Select the object and click Storage Views Reports 3 To display information for a specific category click Show all Category of Items and select the...

Страница 227: ...isplay only items relevant to the specific object Map views are updated every 30 minutes You can manually update the maps by clicking the Update link You can customize a map view by selecting or desel...

Страница 228: ...item you want to hide and select Hide Node from the menu Move Items on Storage Maps You might need to move individual items on the storage map to make the map visually more clear Procedure 1 Display a...

Страница 229: ...esources are available for display If you are using the Maps tab of a selected inventory item only items related to that item are displayed For virtual machine inventory items the VMotion Resources vi...

Страница 230: ...on It does not guarantee that a particular VMotion migration will be successful vCenter Map Icons and Interface Controls Resource maps are visual representations of your datacenter topology Each icon...

Страница 231: ...h a check box You can select or deselect any inventory items you do not want included in the map View vCenter Maps Resource maps enable you to view the relationships among hosts clusters and virtual m...

Страница 232: ...3 Navigate to the location to save the file 4 Type a name for the file and select a file format 5 Click Export vSphere Basic System Administration 232 VMware Inc...

Страница 233: ...s do not account for the condition state or event you need to monitor you can define custom alarms When you set an alarm on a parent object such as a vCenter Server a datatcenter or a cluster all appl...

Страница 234: ...larms on page 259 Alarm Triggers You configure alarm triggers to generate warnings and alerts when the specified criteria is met Alarms have two types of triggers condition or state triggers and event...

Страница 235: ...Table 21 2 Example Opposing Warning and Alert Conditions Trigger Warning Alert 1 Powered Off Powered On 2 Powered On Powered Off If you choose to trigger the alarm when all conditions are satisfied th...

Страница 236: ...alarm will no longer be triggered The threshold condition is dependent on any tolerance range you set for the threshold Virtual Machine Condition and State Triggers VMware provides default triggers t...

Страница 237: ...Moderate 2 6 seconds n High More than 6 seconds Condition Total Size on Disk GB Aggregate amount of disk space occupied by all virtual machines on the host Host Condition and State Triggers VMware pr...

Страница 238: ...gger when datastores undergo certain conditions and states Table 21 6 lists the default Condition and State triggers you can set on datastores Table 21 6 Datastore Condition and State Triggers Trigger...

Страница 239: ...attribute to monitor n Operator The qualifier used to set the trigger value for example Starts with and Doesn t start with n Value The value that must be met to trigger the event Conditions are not c...

Страница 240: ...ondary VM enabled Secondary VM started Cannot start secondary VM Cannot update secondary VM configuration Fault tolerance state changed Fault tolerance VM deleted No compatible host for secondary VM N...

Страница 241: ...ore deleted Datastore discovered Datastore removed NAS NAS datastore created VMFS VMFS datastore created VMFS datastore expanded VMFS datastore extended Datacenter Event Triggers VMware provides preco...

Страница 242: ...13 Cluster Event Triggers Event Category Available Events Cluster creation modification and compliance Cluster created Cluster deleted Cluster overcommitted Cluster reconfigured Cluster status changed...

Страница 243: ...he host in maintenance mode Alarm actions for virtual machines include powering on powering off and suspending the virtual machine Although the actions are preconfigured you must manually set up certa...

Страница 244: ...t Reboot or shut down host Reboots or shuts down the host host Suspend the virtual machine Suspends the virtual machine when the alarm triggers You can use the suspend feature to make resources availa...

Страница 245: ...Host Processor or CPU usage Host Memory usage Host State Virtual Machine Processor or CPU usage Virtual Machine Memory usage Virtual Machine State Virtual Machine Heartbeat Name The name of the host...

Страница 246: ...you can write a script that enters the following trouble ticket information into an external system when an alarm is triggered n Alarm name n Object on which the alarm was triggered n Event that trig...

Страница 247: ...in which the event occurred Event VMWARE_ALARM_EVENT_HOST Name of the host on which the event occurred Event VMWARE_ALARM_EVENT_VM Name of the virtual machine on which the event occurred Event VMWARE...

Страница 248: ...Trigger alarm For example an alarm is defined to trigger a warning state when a host s CPU usage is above 70 If you set the tolerance range to 5 the warning state triggers only when CPU usage is above...

Страница 249: ...ne a tolerance range and trigger frequency for condition or state triggers Reporting further restricts when the trigger occurs Alarm Settings General Use the General tab of the Alarm Settings dialog b...

Страница 250: ...b Select the object and press Ctrl M to open the Alarm Settings dialog box c Click the Triggers tab 2 Click Add A default condition trigger is added to the triggers list 3 If you do not want to use th...

Страница 251: ...To set an alarm to trigger when more than one status has been reached configure each event status separately For example to trigger a warning when a host s hardware health changes and an alert when a...

Страница 252: ...t reported again When the time period has elapsed the alarm will report again if the condition or state is still true 4 Click OK Managing Alarms You can change alarms disable alarms reset alarms and a...

Страница 253: ...ify Alarm Procedure 1 Display the object in the inventory 2 Select the object and click the Alarms tab 3 Click Definitions If the Defined in column does not contain This object for the alarm to disabl...

Страница 254: ...removed from vCenter Server and cannot be retrieved Required privilege Alarm Remove Alarm Procedure 1 Display the object in the inventory 2 Select the object and click the Alarms tab 3 Click Definitio...

Страница 255: ...age 255 You view triggered alarms on an object on the object s Alarms tab n View All Alarms Triggered in vCenter Server on page 255 You view triggered alarms in the Alarms tab of the Status bar View A...

Страница 256: ...edure 1 Display the object in the inventory 2 Right click the object and select Alarm Disable Alarm Actions The actions defined for the alarm will not occur on the object until they are enabled Enable...

Страница 257: ...OTE Alarm commands run in other processes and do not block vCenter Server from running They do however consume server resources such as processor and memory This procedure assumes you are adding the a...

Страница 258: ...on for the Primary Receiver of the SNMP traps Option Description Receiver URL The DNS name and IP address of the SNMP receiver Receiver port The port number of the receiver to which the SNMP agent sen...

Страница 259: ...bility Error Monitors high availability errors on a cluster Datastore Usage On Disk Monitors datastore disk usage Exit Standby Error Monitors whether a host cannot exit standby mode Health Status Chan...

Страница 260: ...timeouts when starting a Secondary virtual machine Virtual Machine CPU Usage Monitors virtual machine CPU usage Virtual Machine Error Monitors virtual machine error and warning events Virtual Machine...

Страница 261: ...tual machine resource pool or compute resource Memory Memory utilization per host virtual machine resource pool or compute resource The value obtained is one of the following n For virtual machines me...

Страница 262: ...ries are used to collect data counter statistics The queries occur for a specified collection interval At the end of each interval the data calculation occurs Each data counter is comprised of several...

Страница 263: ...lection intervals Day Week Month and Year Each interval specifies a length of a time statistics are archived in the vCenter database You can configure which intervals are enabled and for what period o...

Страница 264: ...ime range You cannot change the default settings of the 1 Month collection interval 1 Year 1 Day 1 Month statistics are rolled up to create one data point every day The result is 365 data points each...

Страница 265: ...ke changes to your statistics collection settings 7 Click OK Enable or Disable Collection Intervals Enabling and disabling collection intervals controls the amount of statistical data saved to the vCe...

Страница 266: ...default Collection Level for all Collection Intervals Level 2 n Level 1 metrics n CPU idle reservedCapacity n Disk All metrics excluding numberRead and numberWrite n Memory All metrics excluding memU...

Страница 267: ...is being saturated n Troubleshoot errors How Metrics Are Stored in the vCenter Server Database The metrics gathered for each collection interval are stored in their own database tables At the end of a...

Страница 268: ...er Server Performance Charts The performance charts graphically display CPU memory disk network and storage metrics for devices and entities managed by vCenter Server Chart types include line charts p...

Страница 269: ...irtual machines You can perform the following tasks with the overview performance charts n View all charts for an object in one panel The single panel view enables you to make side by side comparisons...

Страница 270: ...ster resource pool or virtual machine in the inventory panel 2 Click the Performance tab 3 Click Advanced 4 To view a different chart select an option from the Switch to list The default charts are co...

Страница 271: ...their respective time zones Procedure 1 Display the object in the inventory 2 Select File Report Performance If performance data is not available for the selected inventory object the Export Performa...

Страница 272: ...tacked for per virtual machine graphs 8 In Objects select the inventory objects to display in the chart You can also specify the objects using the All or None buttons 9 In Counters select the data cou...

Страница 273: ...source pools virtual machines and vApps Use the guidelines below to identify and correct problems with CPU performance A short spike in CPU usage or CPU ready indicates that you are making the best us...

Страница 274: ...nd increase the queue depth or storage n The deviceLatency data counter measures the average amount of time in milliseconds to complete a SCSI command from the physical device Depending on your hardwa...

Страница 275: ...emory size must be slightly larger than the average guest memory usage This enables the host to accommodate workload spikes without swapping memory among guests Increasing the virtual machine memory s...

Страница 276: ...e load Check the number of virtual machines assigned to each physical NIC If necessary perform load balancing by moving virtual machines to different vSwitches or by adding more NICs to the host You c...

Страница 277: ...capacity for example when you have snapshots and thin provisioned disks You can provision more space to the datastore if possible or you can add disks to the datastore or use shared datastores If sna...

Страница 278: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 278 VMware Inc...

Страница 279: ...m or an ESX ESXi host Unless indicated the process task or description applies to both kinds of vSphere Client connections When the vSphere Client is connected to an ESX ESXi host the Tasks option is...

Страница 280: ...u view scheduled tasks in the vSphere Client Scheduled Tasks pane The scheduled task list includes tasks that are scheduled to run and those that have already run Procedure u In the navigation bar sel...

Страница 281: ...el If the cancel option is unavailable the selected task cannot be canceled The vCenter Server system or ESX ESXi host stops the progress of the task and returns the object to its previous state The v...

Страница 282: ...y when VMware vCenter Update Manager is installed You create scheduled tasks by using the Scheduled Task wizard For some scheduled tasks this wizard opens the wizard used specifically for that task Fo...

Страница 283: ...n the task at 2 30 pm every four days enter 2 30 and 4 Weekly 1 Enter the Interval and Start Time 2 Select each day on which to run the task For example to run the task at 6 am every Tuesday and Thurs...

Страница 284: ...re 1 In the vSphere Client navigation bar click Home Management Scheduled Tasks 2 Select the task 3 In the toolbar click Properties 4 Change task attributes as necessary 5 Click Next to advance throug...

Страница 285: ...object The results are unpredictable Managing Events An event is an action that occurs on an object in vCenter Server or on a host Events include user actions and system actions that occur on managed...

Страница 286: ...vents tab and click Events 2 Optional To see details about an event in the list select the event The Event Details panel shows the details 3 Optional To see events related to a target object in the li...

Страница 287: ...Alarm on an Event You can configure an alarm to trigger when an event occurs in the vCenter Server System Procedure 1 In the inventory select the object on which to create the alarm For example to cr...

Страница 288: ...nd specify the users to include c In Severity select the event level Error Info or Warning 5 In Time specify the time range during which the events to export occurred n To specify an hour day week or...

Страница 289: ...Appendixes VMware Inc 289...

Страница 290: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 290 VMware Inc...

Страница 291: ...a parent folder and a related object vCenter Server extensions might define additional privileges not listed here Refer to the documentation for the extension for more information on those privileges...

Страница 292: ...t Alarms tab context menu File New Alarm VC only All inventory objects Object on which an alarm is defined Disable alarm action Stops the alarm action from occurring after an alarm has been triggered...

Страница 293: ...VC only Datacenters Datacenter folders or root object Datacenter plus parent object Rename datacenter Changes the name of a datacenter User interface element Inventory object Inventory context menu Ed...

Страница 294: ...rol the ability to create delete and modify distributed virtual port groups Table A 4 Distributed Virtual Port Group Privileges Privilege Name Description Affects Pair with Object Effective on Object...

Страница 295: ...he Configuration of a vNetwork Distributed Switch HC and VC vNetwork Distributed Switch Network folder Datacenter vNetwork Distributed Switch Move Move a vNetwork Distributed Switch into another folde...

Страница 296: ...cription Affects Pair with Object Effective on Object Create folder Creates a new folder User interface element Taskbar button File menu context menu VC only Folders Folders Delete folder Deletes a fo...

Страница 297: ...servers for vCenter Server extensions to disable certain operations on objects managed by vCenter Server No user vSphere Client interface elements are associated with this privilege VC only Any object...

Страница 298: ...e runtime VC configuration settings User interface element Administration vCenter Server Management Server Configuration VC only Any object Root vCenter Server System tag Add or remove system tag VC o...

Страница 299: ...t Host Configuration tab Processors HC and VC Hosts Hosts Maintenance Put the host in and out of maintenance mode Shut down and restart a host User interface element Host context menu Inventory Host E...

Страница 300: ...ventory context menu File New Add Host VC only Datacenters Clusters Host folders Clusters Add standalone host Add a standalone host User interface element Toolbar button Inventory context menu Invento...

Страница 301: ...s Host Local Operations Host local operations privileges control actions performed when the vSphere Client is connected directly to a host Table A 12 Host Local Operations Privileges Privilege Name De...

Страница 302: ...utton when a profile is selected HC and VC Root vCenter Server Root vCenter Server Edit Edit a host profile User interface element Edit Profile button when a profile is selected HC and VC Root vCenter...

Страница 303: ...he object and its parent object User interface element Inventory network context menu Edit Remove Inventory Network Remove HC and VC Networks Network folders and Datacenters Networks Performance Perfo...

Страница 304: ...o button and associated menu HC and VC Root vCenter Server Any object Resource Resource privileges control the creation and management of resource pools as well as the migration of virtual machines Ta...

Страница 305: ...neral VMotion compatibility of a virtual machine with a set of hosts User interface element Required when displaying the migration wizard for a powered on VM to check compatibility VC only Root folder...

Страница 306: ...k immediately Creating and running a task also requires permission to perform the associated action User interface element Scheduled Tasks context menu Inventory Scheduled Task Run VC only Any object...

Страница 307: ...n resource pool Assign a resource pool to a vApp User interface element drag and drop in the Hosts and Clusters inventory view HC and VC Datacenters clusters hosts virtual machine folders vApps vApps...

Страница 308: ...vApp User interface element Inventory vApp Rename HC and VC Datacenters clusters hosts virtual machine folders vApps vApps Unregister Unregister a vApp In order to have permission to perform this oper...

Страница 309: ...rtual Machine Configuration privileges control the ability to configure virtual machine options and devices Table A 22 Virtual Machine Privileges Privilege Name Description Affects Pair with Object Ef...

Страница 310: ...hines Change resource Change resource configuration of a set of VM nodes in a given resource pool HC and VC Datacenters Hosts Clusters Virtual machine folders Resource pools Virtual machines Virtual m...

Страница 311: ...SCSI IDE node selection HC and VC Datacenters Hosts Clusters Virtual machine folders Resource pools Virtual machines Virtual machines Query unowned files Query unowned files HC and VC Datacenters Host...

Страница 312: ...Settings Change general VM settings User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box Options tab General Options option HC and VC Datacenters Hosts Clusters Virtual machine folders Resourc...

Страница 313: ...source pools Virtual machines Virtual machines Configure CD media Configure a virtual DVD or CD ROM device User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box DVD CD ROM HC and VC Datacenters...

Страница 314: ...s Disable Fault Tolerance Disable the Secondary virtual machine for a virtual machine using Fault Tolerance User interface element Inventory Virtual Machine Fault Tolerance Disable Fault Tolerance VC...

Страница 315: ...HC and VC Datacenters Hosts Clusters Virtual machine folders Resource pools Virtual machines Virtual machines Reset Resets virtual machine and reboots the guest operating system User interface elemen...

Страница 316: ...s Virtual machines VMware Tools install Mounts and unmounts the VMware Tools CD installer as a CD ROM for the guest operating system User interface element Inventory Virtual Machine Guest Install Upgr...

Страница 317: ...l machine from a vCenter Server or host inventory In order to have permission to perform this operation you must have this privilege assigned to both the object and its parent object HC and VC Datacen...

Страница 318: ...plates Clone virtual machine Clone an existing virtual machine and allocates resources User interface element Inventory Virtual Machine Clone context menu Summary tab VC only Datacenters Hosts Cluster...

Страница 319: ...tual Machine context menu items Virtual Machines tab VC only Datacenters Hosts Clusters Resource pools Virtual machine folders Templates Templates Modify customization specification Create modify or d...

Страница 320: ...virtual machine context menu toolbar button Inventory menu HC and VC Datacenters Clusters Hosts Resource pools Virtual machine folders Virtual machines Virtual machines Rename Snapshot Rename this sn...

Страница 321: ...tomize n Ensure that the password for the local administrator account on the virtual machines is set to blank NOTE Customization operations will fail if the correct version of sysprep tools is not fou...

Страница 322: ...64 What to do next You are now ready to customize a new virtual machine with a supported Windows guest operating system when you clone an existing virtual machine Install the Microsoft Sysprep Tools f...

Страница 323: ...st setupmgr exe guest setupmgx dll guest sysprep exe guest unattend doc where guest is 2k xp svr2003 xp 64 or svr2003 64 6 Repeat this procedure to extract Sysprep files for each of the Windows guest...

Страница 324: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 324 VMware Inc...

Страница 325: ...it of measurement and can be one of the following n Rate Value over the current statistics interval n Delta Change from previous statistics interval n Absolute Absolute value independent of the statis...

Страница 326: ...ver The entire set of data counters are collected and available in vCenter Server You can use the vShpere Web Services SDK to query vCenter Server and get statistics for all counters For more informat...

Страница 327: ...rnel memory Service Console memory other service memory n Stats Type absolute n Unit megaBytes n Rollup Type average n Collection Level 1 n VC ESX Yes No failover Current Failover Level Number of VMwa...

Страница 328: ...t is reserved per virtual CPU vCPU This counter has been deprecated and should not be used to monitor performance n Stats Type delta n Unit millisecond n Rollup Type latest n Collection Level 3 n VC E...

Страница 329: ...amount of CPU resources of all hosts in the cluster The maximum value is equal to the frequency of the processors multiplied by the number of cores totalmhz CPU frequency number of cores For example a...

Страница 330: ...PU completely virtual CPU usage usagemhz of virtual CPUs core frequency Host Actively used CPU of the host as a percentage of the total available CPU Active CPU is approximately equal to the ratio of...

Страница 331: ...s wait CPU Wait Amount of CPU time spent in wait state n Stats Type delta n Unit millisecond n Rollup Type summation n Collection Level 3 n VC ESX Yes Yes Disk Metrics The disk metric group tracks sta...

Страница 332: ...atency Average amount of time in milliseconds to complete read from the physical device n Stats Type absolute n Unit millisecond n Rollup Type average n Collection Level 2 n VC ESX Yes Yes deviceWrite...

Страница 333: ...ond n Rollup Type average n Collection Level 1 n VC ESX Yes Yes numberRead Disk Read Requests VM Number of times data was read from each virtual disk on the virtual machine Host Number of times data w...

Страница 334: ...ch data is read from each LUN on the host read rate blocksRead per second blockSize n Stats Type rate n Unit kiloBytesPerSecond n Rollup Type average n Collection Level 2 n VC ESX Yes Yes totalLatency...

Страница 335: ...Stats Type rate n Unit kiloBytesPerSecond n Collection Level 1 4 n Rollup Type average min max n VC ESX Yes Yes write Disk Write Rate VM Rate at which data is written to each virtual disk on the virt...

Страница 336: ...unt of memory dedicated to the service console n Stats Type rate n Unit kiloBytesPerSecond n Rollup Type average n Collection Level 3 Memory Metrics The memory metric group tracks memory statistics fo...

Страница 337: ...for guest memory Consumed memory does not include overhead memory It includes shared memory and memory that might be reserved but not actually used It does not include overhead memory vm consumed mem...

Страница 338: ...nel s main heap Heap Free varies depending on the number of physical devices and various configuration options There is no direct way for the user to increase or decrease this statistic This counter i...

Страница 339: ...her virtual machines through the VMkernel s transparent page sharing mechanism a RAM de duplication technique The value of shared includes the size of the zero memory area Host Sum of the shared memor...

Страница 340: ...unt of memory that has been swapped in to memory from disk VM Total amount of memory data that has been read in from the virtual machine s swap file to machine memory by the VMkernel This statistic re...

Страница 341: ...ual machine s swap file by the VMkernel Swapped memory stays on disk until the virtual machine needs it This statistic refers to VMkernel swapping and not to guest OS swapping swapped swapin swapout n...

Страница 342: ...e n Unit kiloBytes n Rollup Type average min max n Collection Level 2 4 totalmb Memory Total Total amount of machine memory of all hosts in the cluster that is available for virtual machine memory phy...

Страница 343: ...reclaimed from the virtual machine through ballooning This is the amount of guest physical memory that has been allocated and pinned by the balloon driver Host Sum of Memory Balloon of all powered on...

Страница 344: ...nly 0s This statistic is included in Memory Shared VM Amount of guest physical zero memory that is shared through transparent page sharing Zero memory is simply memory that is all zeroes Host Sum of M...

Страница 345: ...tted during the collection interval VM Number of packets transmitted by each vNIC on the virtual machine Host Number of packets transmitted across each physical NIC instance on the host n Stats Type d...

Страница 346: ...etwork Usage Sum of the data transmitted and received during the collection interval VM Sum of data transmitted and received across all virtual NIC instances connected to the virtual machine Host Sum...

Страница 347: ...machine if for example it is moved to a different datastore and then back again The value is an aggregate of all unshared space for the virtual machine across all datastores n Stats Type absolute n Un...

Страница 348: ...or datacenter Table C 9 lists the virtual machine operations data counters NOTE The vmops metrics appear only in the advanced performance charts Table C 9 Virtual Machine Operations Data Counters Cou...

Страница 349: ...latest n Collection Level 1 numPoweroff VM power off count Number of virtual machine power off operations n Stats Type absolute n Unit number n Rollup Type latest n Collection Level 1 numPoweron VM p...

Страница 350: ...1 numSuspend VM suspend count Number of virtual machine suspend operations n Stats Type absolute n Unit number n Rollup Type latest n Collection Level 1 numSVMotion Storage VMotion count Number of mig...

Страница 351: ...tes 237 setting for conditions states 250 setting for events 251 virtual machine conditions states 236 alarms about 233 acknowledging triggered alarms 252 actions 243 alarm reporting 248 changing 252...

Страница 352: ...virtual machines 41 consolidation analysis results 93 cache 95 confidence metric 93 credentials 91 first use 88 limits 95 prerequisites 88 services 88 91 settings 88 91 tasks 94 troubleshooting 95 co...

Страница 353: ...ee optical drives dvPorts event triggers 242 E e1000 159 editing vApp properties 106 educational support 11 email notification setting up 49 258 Enhanced VMotion Compatibility See EVC enhanced vmxnet...

Страница 354: ...yment 175 Windows requirements 174 guest operating systems customization prerequisites 173 install 120 installing 120 naming requirements 175 selecting 115 SNMP 55 GUID 35 Guided Consolidation recomme...

Страница 355: ...rade rpm installer 125 lists exporting 43 filtering 43 load balancing 22 Lockdown mode 78 79 Log Entries 65 log files collecting 69 ESX 69 export 66 external 66 turning off compression 70 logging in v...

Страница 356: ...privileges 302 requirements for VMotion 185 NICs configuration 146 e1000 159 flexible 159 vmxnet 159 vmxnet3 159 NPIV 148 150 NUMA 154 155 NUMA memory 155 NX 187 O object identifiers OIDs 55 object re...

Страница 357: ...ivileges alarms 292 assigning 211 configuration 298 datacenter 293 datastores 293 distributed virtual port groups 294 extension 296 folders 296 global 297 host CIM 298 host inventory 300 host local op...

Страница 358: ...vice 145 SDK 34 35 search lists adjusting for large domains 221 searching advanced search 42 inventory objects 41 42 simple search 41 searching inventory permissions 41 security baselines 21 security...

Страница 359: ...2 performance 325 vCenter Server database calculator 268 vCenter Server settings 48 status bar 40 storage customizing reports 227 health monitoring 83 maps 227 monitoring 225 performance 277 reports d...

Страница 360: ...y performance 275 network performance 276 performance 273 plug ins 46 uninstall Guided Consolidation 97 vCenter Server performance 95 U updated information 9 upgrading VMware Tools 120 122 123 128 129...

Страница 361: ...5 vCenterServer VimWebServicesUrl 34 35 verbose logging configuring 69 version virtual machine 115 virtual compatibility mode 119 virtual device node 145 virtual disks configuration 145 determining pa...

Страница 362: ...re Tools settings 149 See also templates clones virtual memory 116 VMI paravirtualization 150 VMkernel logs 70 VMotion compatibility checks 186 197 migrating virtual machines with 195 network requirem...

Страница 363: ...nt about 39 communication through firewall 49 diagram 133 logging in 27 logging out 28 logs 66 panels 40 printing data 46 sessions 49 50 starting 27 stop 28 vSphere Web Access logging in 28 logging ou...

Страница 364: ...vSphere Basic System Administration 364 VMware Inc...

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