ecoGEO C Installation and User Manual (Version 1.0)
page 9
3.2
Operating principles
ECOFOREST geothermal pumps are designed to be easy to install, and provide heating, cooling and DHW all
year round, while ensuring maximum energy efficiency.
Figure 3.1.
Geothermal heat pump
Installations using geothermal heat pumps are composed of three main circuits (refrigerant circuit, brine circuit
and heating/cooling circuit) in which, through the use of various fluids (refrigerant, antifreeze/water mixture
and water) thermal energy is exchanged between the ground and the building's heating/cooling system. These
circuits use different fluids, and therefore the transfer of thermal energy from one fluid to another is
accomplished by heat exchangers, where the higher temperature fluid transfers heat to the fluid at a lower
temperature without mixing.
The following describes the operation modes provided by the various technologies incorporated into
ECOFOREST geothermal heat pumps.
HEATING mode
During the normal operating cycle, heat pumps extract energy from the ground to produce hot water for the
heating system. The operation can be divided into four sub-processes that are repeated cyclically.
1.
The antifreeze mixture is circulated by a circulator pump through the brine system, which absorbs heat
from the ground, and the evaporator, which transfers heat to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit.
The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator is at low pressure and temperature, and is vaporised by the
heat absorbed by the antifreeze mixture.
2.
The refrigerant vapour from the evaporator is led to the inverter compressor (variable speed), which
raises its pressure and temperature (hot gas) just enough to meet the demand of the heating system at
any time.
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