network, and broadcasting of the SSID is performed in a pseudo-random order
by all devices that are members of the network.
Switches
A network switch (sometimes known as a switching hub) is a computer net-
working device that is used to connect devices together on a computer network.
A switch is considered more advanced than a hub because a switch will only
send a message to the device that needs or requests it, rather than broadcasting
the same message out of each of its ports.
T
TCP/IP
The Internet protocol suite is the networking model and a set of communications
protocols used for the Internet and similar networks. It is commonly known as
TCP/IP, because its most important protocols, the Transmission Control Pro-
tocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), were the first networking protocols
defined in this standard. It is occasionally known as the DoD model, because the
development of the networking model was funded by DARPA, an agency of the
United States Department of Defense. TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity
specifying how data should be formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed and
received at the destination. This functionality has been organized into four
abstraction layers which are used to sort all related protocols according to the
scope of networking involved. From lowest to highest, the layers are the link
layer, containing communication technologies for a single network segment
(link), the internet layer, connecting independent networks, thus establishing
internetworking, the transport layer handling process-to-process communication,
and the application layer, which interfaces to the user and provides support ser-
vices.
Thuraya
Thuraya is an international mobile satellite services provider based in the United
Arab Emirates. The company operates in more than 160 countries across
Europe, the Middle East, North, Central and East Africa, Asia and Australia.
With more than 350 roaming partners worldwide, Thuraya is the only mobile
satellite operator that offers GSM roaming services over mobile networks.
U
UTP
UTP cables are found in many Ethernet networks and telephone systems. For
indoor telephone applications, UTP is often grouped into sets of 25 pairs accord-
ing to a standard 25-pair color code originally developed by AT&T Corporation.
A typical subset of these colors (white/blue, blue/white, white/orange,
orange/white) shows up in most UTP cables. The cables are typically made with
copper wires measured at 22 or 24 American Wire Gauge (AWG), with the
colored insulation typically made from an insulator such as polyethylene or FEP
and the total package covered in a polyethylene jacket.
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