CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE
Preliminary User’s Manual U16315EJ1V0UD
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3.2 Processor Registers
The 78K0/KD1 Series products incorporate the following processor registers.
3.2.1 Control registers
The control registers control the program sequence, statuses and stack memory. The control registers consist of a
program counter (PC), a program status word (PSW) and a stack pointer (SP).
(1) Program counter (PC)
The program counter is a 16-bit register that holds the address information of the next program to be executed.
In normal operation, the PC is automatically incremented according to the number of bytes of the instruction to be
fetched. When a branch instruction is executed, immediate data and register contents are set.
RESET input sets the reset vector table values at addresses 0000H and 0001H to the program counter.
Figure 3-11. Format of Program Counter
15
0
PC
PC15 PC14 PC13 PC12 PC11 PC10 PC9
PC8
PC7
PC6
PC5
PC4
PC3
PC2
PC1
PC0
(2) Program status word (PSW)
The program status word is an 8-bit register consisting of various flags set/reset by instruction execution.
Program status word contents are automatically stacked upon interrupt request generation or PUSH PSW
instruction execution and are automatically restored upon execution of the RETB, RETI and POP PSW
instructions.
RESET input sets the PSW to 02H.
Figure 3-12. Format of Program Status Word
7
0
PSW
IE
Z
RBS1
AC
RBS0
0
ISP
CY