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4. FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS
Engine oil selection:
For engine oil, use API grade : CG-4, ACEA grade : E5 or EMA grade : DHD-1.
The brands/types of oil described PERKINS’s instruction manual can be used regardless
of specified API, ACEA or EMA grade above.
Oil viscosity:
Engine oil viscosity largely affect engine startability, performance, oil consumption, speed of
wearing and occurrence of seizure, etc. Using lubricants whose viscosity selected according to
the atmospheric temperature is important.
Total Base Number (TBN) and Fuel Sulfur Levels for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engines
The Total Base Number (TBN) for an oil depends on the fuel sulfur level. For direct injection
engines that use distillate fuel, the minimum TBN of the new oil must be 10 times the fuel sulfur
level. The TBN is defined by “ASTM D2896”. The minimum TBN of the oil is 5 regardless of fuel
sulfur level. Illustration 19 demonstrates the TBN.
(Y) TBN by “ASTM D2896”
(X) Percentage of fuel sulfur by weight
(1) TBN of new oil
(2) Change the oil when the TBN deteriorates to
50 percent of the original TBN.
Use the following guidelines for fuel sulfur levels that exceed 1.5 percent:
• Choose an oil with the highest TBN that meets one of these classifications:
API CG-4, ACEA E5 and EMA DHD-1.
• Reduce the oil change interval. Base the oil change interval
on the oil analysis. Ensure that the oil analysis includes the condition of the oil and a wear
metal analysis.
Excessive piston deposits can be produced by an oil with a high TBN. These deposits can
lead to a loss of control of the oil consumption and to the polishing of the cylinder bore.
Summary of Contents for DCA-600P
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