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8.7

MEASURING ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

8.8

TENSIONING OF THE EARDRUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

8.9

THE PRINCIPLE OF TYMPANOMETRY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

8.10

PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

8.11

TYMPANOGRAM CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

DIAGNOSIS OF AUDITORY DISORDERS . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1

DISORDERS AND THEIR SYMPTOMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1.1

MIDDLE-EAR FLUID AND EFFUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1.2

DISRUPTION OF THE OSSICULAR CHAIN . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1.3

OTOSCLEROSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1.4

PERFORATED EARDRUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1.5

OCCLUDED EUSTACHIAN TUBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.1.6

FLABBY TYMPANIC MEMBRANE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

9.1.7

IMPACTED CERUMEN (DRIED EAR WAX) . . . . . . . . . . . 82

9.1.8

PATULOUS EUSTACHIAN TUBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

9.1.9

COCHLEAR HEARING LOSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

APPENDIX: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . 83

APPENDIX: ZODICON™ PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Содержание Madsen ZODIAC 901

Страница 1: ...901 Middle Ear Analyzer User Manual Doc no 7 25 1800 11 Part no 7 25 180 0459 ...

Страница 2: ...the prior written con sent of GN Otometrics A S Copyright 2011 GN Otometrics A S Printed in Denmark by GN Otometrics A S Denmark All information illustrations and specifications in this manual are based on the latest product information available at the time of publication GN Otometrics A S reserves the right to make changes at any time with out notice Version release date 8 September 2011 Technic...

Страница 3: ...RAL 13 3 2 FRONT PANEL LAYOUT CONTROLS 13 3 2 1 MANUAL MODE 15 3 2 2 AUTO MODE 15 3 2 3 SELECT 16 3 2 4 ALT SELECT AND SETUP 16 3 2 5 OTHER FRONT PANEL CONTROLS 17 3 2 6 INDICATOR LAMPS 18 3 2 7 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY 18 3 3 START UP 19 3 4 MAIN MENU 20 3 4 1 NEW PATIENT 21 3 4 2 IDENTIFICATION 22 3 4 3 DAILY CALIBRATION 23 3 4 4 DEFAULT CONFIGURATION 24 3 4 5 EASY AND ADVANCED MODES 24 3 5 HEADSE...

Страница 4: ...EFLEX TESTING 58 5 2 3 THRESHOLD 59 5 2 3 1 REFLEX 59 5 2 3 2 FAST SCREENING 60 5 2 3 3 AIR CONDUCTION 60 5 3 PRINTER 60 5 3 1 PAPER LOADING 61 5 3 2 PRINTOUT 62 5 3 2 1 SCREEN DUMP 62 5 3 2 2 PRINT DATA 62 5 3 2 3 PRINT ALL 62 6 AUTO MODE 63 6 1 MADSEN ELECTRONICS PRESET TEST MENU 63 6 2 USER PROGRAMMABLE TESTS 64 7 POWER ON OPTIONS 65 7 1 USER TEST PROGRAMMING 65 7 2 SYSTEM SETUP 69 8 PRINCIPLES...

Страница 5: ... 9 1 DISORDERS AND THEIR SYMPTOMS 81 9 1 1 MIDDLE EAR FLUID AND EFFUSION 81 9 1 2 DISRUPTION OF THE OSSICULAR CHAIN 81 9 1 3 OTOSCLEROSIS 81 9 1 4 PERFORATED EARDRUM 81 9 1 5 OCCLUDED EUSTACHIAN TUBE 81 9 1 6 FLABBY TYMPANIC MEMBRANE 82 9 1 7 IMPACTED CERUMEN DRIED EAR WAX 82 9 1 8 PATULOUS EUSTACHIAN TUBE 82 9 1 9 COCHLEAR HEARING LOSS 82 A APPENDIX TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 83 B APPENDIX ZODICON ...

Страница 6: ......

Страница 7: ...phic Cartesian display or on analog meters if preferred see the display in Fig 1 1 User Programmable Tests The ZODIAC 901 is an intelligent instrument that can be taught which tests to perform Five Madsen Electronics Preset Tests plus the capabil ity for four user programmable test routines are built in for optimal operating efficiency The ZODIAC 901 may also be operated entirely manually or progr...

Страница 8: ...ut The ZODIAC 901 can print out the contents of the current screen dis play the results of the current test or all the test results performed on the current patient on the instrument s own built in thermal printer and or an external printer connected via the ZODIAC 901 s Centronics parallel port Printouts can include the Madsen logo time and date the patient s I D data as well as the clinic s name...

Страница 9: ...tip Ear Simulator Built in Madsen Electronics Ear Simulator allows trouble free training and checking of the capabilities of the ZODIAC 901 Headset The comfortable lightweight headset features a single integral cable with specially developed connectors which carry both the electrical signals and the air line from the pump The stainless steel spring band and genuine leather headband enable the head...

Страница 10: ...ction Ipsi and Contra Manual Acoustic Reflex Ipsi and Contra Reflex Decay Acoustic Reflex Latency Pure tone audiometry Air Conduction Threshold Gellé s Test The screening tests are Automatic Tympanometry Ipsi and Contra Acoustic Reflex Ipsi and Contra Fast Acoustic Reflex Threshold Pure tone audiometry Air Conduction Threshold The ZODIAC 901 complies with the international standards for acoustic i...

Страница 11: ... if your Middle Ear Analyzer differs this is because the default settings have been changed by your local distributor using ZODICON Setup Parameters Another feature of ZODIAC 901 is that test parameters for all tests may be changed at any time except when a test is actually in progress Since only those parameters valid for any particular test are displayed in the measurement setup sub menu when Se...

Страница 12: ... also contact your local authorities for advice on disposal 1 5 SAFETY This operation manual contains information and warnings which must be followed to ensure the safe performance of the ZODIAC901 Local government rules and regulations if applicable should also be followed at all times Special note should be made of the following ZODIAC 901 is marked with this symbol when it is important that the...

Страница 13: ...e enclosed Packing Specification Protective Cover on LCD Note that the LCD is protected by a plastic cover which may be removed after unpacking the instrument This cover should not be discarded 2 2 STORAGE AND SHIPMENT Storage Shipment To protect the instrument and accessories during storage or shipment al ways use the best packing available If it is necessary to return the in strument to the Mads...

Страница 14: ...he electrical outlet matches the voltage shown on the identification label stuck over the power inlet CAUTION Operating at the wrong voltage may blow the fuses Mains Line Connection Plug one end of the power cord supplied into the power inlet on the back of the ZODIAC 901 and plug the other end directly into a three wire protective ground AC power outlet If an extension cord is re quired only use ...

Страница 15: ...Fig 2 2 ZODIAC 901 Connections Operation Manual 9 GN Otometrics INSTALLING THE ZODIAC 901 Chap 2 ZODIAC 901 Middle Ear Analyzer INSTALLATION 2 3 ...

Страница 16: ... agents containing ammonia or alcohol will damage the cabinet and display Dust Cover If your ZODIAC 901 has been supplied with the optional plastic dust cover you should keep the instrument covered at all times when it is not in operational use CAUTION However the instrument should NOT be left switched on with the dust cover in place as this may cause severe overheating and damage to the instrumen...

Страница 17: ...PLACEMENT Voltage Select Fuse Replacement TO REPLACE A FUSE OR TO CHANGE VOLTAGE WARNING Before replacing a fuse or changing voltage first switch off instrument and disconnect from mains power supply 1 Switch off the instrument and disconnect from mains 2 Remove the two Phillips screws at the back of the top panel 3 Tilt the top panel forwards and remove Voltage Select 4 The voltage selector is lo...

Страница 18: ...Fig 2 3 Voltage Selector Fuses Inside ZODIAC 901 12 Operation Manual INSTALLING THE ZODIAC 901 Chap 2 GN Otometrics FUSE REPLACEMENT 2 5 ZODIAC 901 Middle Ear Analyzer 230V ...

Страница 19: ...ponding softkey under the display Auto Test Note that toggling the Auto Test button accesses the Madsen Preset Test Menu and the User Test Menu respectively Madsen Preset Tests may not be altered but the User Tests may be pro grammed to suit individual requirements see 7 1 3 2 FRONT PANEL LAYOUT CONTROLS On the front panel there is a Rotary Knob for manual pump control stimulus level contol and fo...

Страница 20: ...d in the Manual Mode and Auto Test The printout submenu can be accessed from the Printer pushbutton These menus may be accessed from any point in the instrument s opera tion enabling the operator to move quickly from one part of the program to another typically after pressing a maximum of two buttons 14 Operation Manual GENERAL DESCRIPTION Chap 3 GN Otometrics FRONT PANEL LAYOUT CONTROLS 3 2 ZODIA...

Страница 21: ...reen in Easy Mode or the Tymp sub menu allowing additionally selection of Tymp Manual Sweep and Eustachian Tube Function Tests ETF I and ETF P in Advanced Mode See Reflex Pressing Reflex displays the Reflex Manual screen in Easy Mode or the Reflex sub menu allowing additionally selection of Reflex Screening Re flex Decay User 1 and User 2 in Advanced Mode See 4 2 Threshold Pressing Threshold displ...

Страница 22: ...and Contrast for adjusting the display s contrast using the Rotary Knob Press Alt Select again to return to the function currently selected except where this happens automatically See 5 1 L R Ear Shift NOTE To select the alternate ear press Alt Select and then Softkey 4 Setup The Setup pushbutton offers different sub menus depending on which function or mode you are in at any given time For exampl...

Страница 23: ...nter screen dump which includes the relevant sub menu printout of the data for the current test including data not shown on the test screen but specified in the Measurement Setup e g pump speed and printout of all data including test results for the current patient together with the Madsen Electronics logo and if it has been programmed the clinic s or audiologist s custom header See 5 3 Air Releas...

Страница 24: ...rtesian graphs during measurement For Tympanometry and Reflex measurements the dis play can also emulate accurately the panels of a pair of moving coil me ters see for example Fig 4 3 and Fig 4 4 Each test mode and supplementary function has its own screen display layout which has been optimized to convey information relevant to the function Contrast The contrast of the LCD may be altered using Al...

Страница 25: ...nd shown continuously in milliliters ml in one corner of the main sector of the display 3 3 START UP ATTENTION WARNING To avoid damage to the probe s electronics NEVER connect or disconnect the probe while the instrument is powered on Connect Headset 1 Connect the headset via its cable to the rear panel Connect AC Cable 2 Plug the AC cable into the power inlet on the rear panel and then connect th...

Страница 26: ...n calibrated suffi ciently recently If it has been programmed to perform Daily Calibration automatically during power up it may give a message requesting that the probe be inserted into the Precision Cavity In either case you may proceed by pressing Main Menu 3 4 MAIN MENU Main Menu Following power on or after selecting Main Menu the screen shown in Fig 3 2 is displayed indicating which ear has be...

Страница 27: ...n Easy Mode may be altered by means of ZODICONÔ 3 4 1 NEW PATIENT Patient Counter ZODIAC 901 has a built in automatic patient counter indicated by a number opposite the item Patient in the Main Menu display Each time the instrument is powered on the patient counter is reset at 1 If preferred the patient may be identified by name or healthcare number see Identification below However each time you f...

Страница 28: ...r I D data press Softkey 3 if necessary to select the required line turn the Rotary Knob until you find the desired character and press the Tone Switch to enter the character Pressing the Cursor arrow buttons Softkeys 4 and 5 moves the cursor to the right or left on each line max 21 characters If you make a mistake return to the incorrect char acter s by means of the Cursor arrow buttons and overw...

Страница 29: ... the ZODIAC 901 please contact your local Madsen distributor first However since the weather and barometric pressure vary from day to day the probe measuring system should be calibrated on a daily basis in order to achieve the greatest possible measurement accuracy Softkey 3 With the ZODIAC 901 this procedure is very quick and easy to perform maximum 15 seconds just press Softkey 3 from the Main M...

Страница 30: ...are If cancelling changes which have been made using Setup is not what is required press Softkey 2 No 3 4 5 EASY AND ADVANCED MODES In Manual Mode tympanometry reflex and threshold testing are accessed by pressing the appropriate pushbutton on the left of the front panel How ever the screen that appears in either one of these three test modes de pends on whether Advanced or Easy Mode has first bee...

Страница 31: ...g the probe and transducer Fig 3 6 illustrates the headset with probe attached The headset may be adjusted to suit the geometry of the patient s head by sliding the buckles which fasten the leather strap to the headset up or down the stainless steel spring band Remote Control From Probe The pushbutton on the transducer duplicates the function of Softkey 2 in the measurement modes which have a star...

Страница 32: ... only one patient and then sanitized by washing in warm soapy water Eartips should then be rinsed and al lowed to dry before reuse Each tip has a limited life and should be dis carded once it becomes difficult to achieve a reliable seal Probe tips from other manufacturers may fit the ZODIAC 901 probe but they have not been tested by Madsen Electronics and we therefore can not make any recommendati...

Страница 33: ...ment Signs of blood or pus could indi cate infection Excessive growth of hair around the ear canal may make an airtight seal impossible The Leak lamp on the probe will light if this problem occurs during an automatic measurement It may be possible to cure a leak with a smear of petroleum jelly but too much of this is likely to block the probe channels Choose an eartip of a suitable size and insert...

Страница 34: ...ar On ZODIAC 901 When starting to test the patient s other ear remember to register the change over on the ZODIAC 901 otherwise the data for the first ear will be overwritten The ear to be tested may be selected as follows 1 Press Alt Select Softkey 4 2 Press Softkey 4 to toggle between left and right The ear selected Left or Right is displayed in the uppermost line of the Main Menu and every othe...

Страница 35: ... the current test data smooth a tymp curve Car tesian graph not available with Version 2 x of the ZODIAC 901 access the marker function transmit data to an external computer register a change of ear or adjust the contrast of the Liquid Crystal Display press Alt Select at any time except while a measurement is in progress see 5 1 Air Release The ZODIAC 901 Middle Ear Analyzer incorporates a pump wh...

Страница 36: ...u Manual Auto Sweep and ETF Eustachian Tube Function test perforated eardrum Version 3 x of the ZODIAC 901 includes another ETF test Intact Eardrum which is not included in Version 2 x and is used to test the Eustachian Tube Function in patients where the eardrum is intact If the default has been altered using the ZODICON software the follow ing Tymp defaults may differ from the settings shown in ...

Страница 37: ...liance i e the volume change relative to the ECV Thus Vol ECV Comp ECV is shown only when Comp is selected The vertical scales are in millili ters 1 ml 1 cc Software Version 3 x and Higher Only NOTE The Tymp screens of software versions lower than 3 x do not include fields displaying calculated values for MEP SC Grad TW nor Dir After a satisfactory Tymp measurement has been made and Comp is select...

Страница 38: ...e pump pressure may be set by turning the Rotary Knob A scale will appear temporarily at the top of the display to indicate the pump position graphically This shows what proportion of the pump s capacity is used to obtain the static pressure used for the measurement Softkeys 4 5 The pump pressure may also be reduced or increased by pressing Soft key 4 or Softkey 5 respectively The Status lamp will...

Страница 39: ...ed until the pump is reset Then the instrument will continue the procedure automatically If Leak Detect has been disabled Version 4 x only the analyzer stops after one sweep see Setup 5 2 1 Version 3 x Only It is worth noting that in Version 3 x and later a leak encountered after the sweep begins provokes a beep and the Leak lights go yellow If Gra dient and TW can be calculated on the basis of th...

Страница 40: ... Only The MEP marker appears automatically and is located at the peak of the sweep i e at 0 daP In cases where it is difficult to carry out a normal sweep and obtain compliance data e g with difficult or unsettled pa tients you can manually move the marker in either direction by means of Softkeys 4 and 5 and read out the computed values on the left of the display Note that an asterisk appears to t...

Страница 41: ... that pressing Softkey 1 again after completion of the tymp meas urement will return you to the graphic display and show you the tym panogram you have just made using the analog meters Alt Select The Alt Select pushkey allows you to use the Smooth feature to opti mize the curves see Fig 4 10 below and refer to 4 1 35 1 2 for further de tails re this function Just press Softkey 2 from the Alt Selec...

Страница 42: ...l from building up across the eardrum MEP Marker Version 4 x Only This test is similar to Tymp Sweep but provides for a second sweep to be made without erasing the data from the first The values of Ear Canal Volume ECV and Middle Ear Pressure MEP from both tests are re corded and after the second test the difference between the latter MEPd MEP2 minus MEP1 is also computed and displayed please see ...

Страница 43: ...e the same as for Tymp Auto Sweep page 35 Alt Select The Alt Select pushkey allows you to use the Smooth facility to opti mize the curves see Fig 4 10 below and refer to 4 1 35 1 2 for further de tails re this function Just press Softkey 2 from the Alt Select sub menu 4 1 4 ETF P PERFORATED EARDRUM In Advanced Mode the Eustachian Tube Function ETF P test may be performed to test the functioning of...

Страница 44: ...lly Softkey 2 Press Softkey 2 or the Start Stop Button on the Probe to start the test Y Axis The screen displays the pressure in the ear canal over a 45 second time base The patient should be instructed to swallow at regular intervals during the measurement period if necessary with the help of a glass of water Softkey 1 Negative positive or positive negative y axis may be selected by means of Soft...

Страница 45: ...and measuring the change in acoustic impedance which will be observed if the ear is healthy The change in Compliance which results from the functioning of the re flex mechanism is very small and will be further diminished if the ear drum is tensioned by a static pressure differential between the ear canal and the middle ear If there is any doubt about whether the Middle Ear Pressure is close to at...

Страница 46: ...he user If Easy Mode has been selected pressing Reflex displays the Manual Re flex screen illustrated in Fig 4 15 unless this has been altered using the ZODICON TM software If the default has been modified using the ZODICONTM software the fol lowing default settings may differ from those shown in the Reflex screens illustrated or referred to in the explanations y axis scaling and origin position P...

Страница 47: ...ed stimulus type 500 1000 2000 4000 Hz tone or White Noise note that White Noise is only available if Contra has already been selected Multi Curves Note that all reflexes made at each frequency are retained in memory until a new patient is selected Softkey 2 Softkey 2 changes the display from graphic to analog meter format Softkey 3 Softkey 3 increases the stimulus Sound Pressure Level in incremen...

Страница 48: ...but the analyzer will continue until the end of the measurement assuming that a volume is present see Setup 5 2 1 Version 3 x and Later It is worth noting that in Version 3 x and later a leak encountered after the measurement begins provokes a beep and the Leak lights go yellow Softkey 2 Ensure that you are in Advanced Mode press Main Menu and use Soft key 5 to select Advanced Mode unless this req...

Страница 49: ...s SPL HL increment 1 2 5 or 10 dB Y Axis scaling Auto 75 150 225 300 375 ml Speed slow or fast Y Axis Auto negative positive positive negative Use Middle Ear Pressure on or off Leak Detect On Off In Version 3 x and later this function is called Press C Pressure Con trol and is extended to Manual Auto MEP 0 5 10 15 20 25 25 20 15 10 5 daPa 4 2 3 DECAY Decay A weak Stapedius Muscle is unable to sust...

Страница 50: ...crements of 5 dB increments of 1 2 and 10 dB are available via Setup alternatively use the Rotary Knob to increase or reduce stimulus intensity Ext Range The intensity range of 50 to 105 dB may be extended by pressing the Ext Range button to 115 dB or to 120 dB in Contra Softkey 4 Softkey 4 allows the selection of either Ipsi or Contra Softkey 5 Pressing Softkey 5 displays the pump position graphi...

Страница 51: ...duration and post stimulation record dura tion to be separately pre programmed 4 2 5 MARKER FUNCTION Acoustic Reflex Latency Delete Curves in Manual Reflex All reflex and reflex threshold testing modes have a marker function for the purpose of accurately measuring the duration and degree of an elic ited reflex The marker function may be used to measure Acoustic Reflex Latency which is the delay of...

Страница 52: ...o the right of the curve s Then press Softkey 1 Erase Curve Softkey 5 In all reflex modes with the exception of Fast Screening Softkey 5 en ables you to select whether the marker s will be included on the print out or not 4 3 THRESHOLD TESTING Threshold If Advanced Mode has been selected pressing Threshold displays the screen shown on the next page in Fig 4 19 The following operation modes may be ...

Страница 53: ...nually i e a further test at a higher or lower level may be made by pressing the Tone Switch If Additional Threshold has been selected under Setup 5 2 3 one additional measurement will automatically be run at the same level or 5 dB or 10 dB Data from all stimulus frequencies 500 1000 2000 4000Hz White Noise if Contra has already been selected is memorized Softkey 1 Press Threshold or Softkey 1 fro...

Страница 54: ...ty is used to obtain the pressure shown When Soft key 5 is released the scale is removed and turning the Rotary Knob re verts to controlling intensity Note that if the MEP function has been selected in Measurement Setup the pressure will be automatically changed by the selected level before the reflex measurement is started L R Shift When starting to test the patient s other ear remember to regist...

Страница 55: ...ld to display the Threshold Menu Press Softkey 2 from the Threshold Menu to access the screen shown in Fig 4 21 Contra Note that when Contra is selected the type of phone is displayed as well as White Noise stimulus if selected Softkey 1 Press Softkey 1 to set the desired stimulus type Press it repeatedly or keep it pressed and turn the Rotary Knob left or right The stimuli avail able are tone at ...

Страница 56: ...rning the Rotary Knob re verts to controlling intensity Note that if the MEP function has been selected in Measurement Setup the pressure will be automatically changed by the selected level before the reflex measurement is started The ear canal pressure may also be set to be automatically equal to the previously measured value of Middle Ear Pressure MEP using Setup 5 2 3 2 L R Shift When starting ...

Страница 57: ...be plotted on an audiogram on the dis play just select frequency using Softkey 1 and Sound Pressure Level in dB using Softkey 3 or the Rotary Knob Ext Range The range 0 100 dB may be extended by pressing the Ext Range button to 120 dB Softkey 2 Press Softkey 2 to plot each threshold on the audiogram Any values may be entered Fig 4 23 shows an example L R Shift When starting to test the patient s o...

Страница 58: ...d mode may also be used to perform Gellé s test using the probe to apply a static pressure or depression to the ear canal in Air Conduction Threshold mode there is no probe tone Remember to disconnect the TDH 39 headphone from the miniature jack in the side of the probe if connected An audiometer is required to perform audiometry with bone conduc tion Apply the bone conductor to the patient at the...

Страница 59: ...flex Threshold all measured curves in that test for the current ear in either Ipsi or Contra not both are erased Note that you are given an opportunity to change your mind after press ing Softkey 1 the first time Erase Data Yes No Please refer to Erase Curve in the Marker Function 5 1 2 SMOOTH Softkey 2 The Smooth facility may be used to electronically clean up tympano grams and any other Cartesia...

Страница 60: ...mber and the contrast while turning it anti clockwise reduces the number and the contrast Adjust the contrast according to personal preference or lighting condi tions Your contrast adjustment is stored in the instrument s non volatile memory which means that it will retain this setting after power off and until the next adjustment 5 1 6 MARKER In the different test modes the marker function is ava...

Страница 61: ... Tube Function test for intact eardrum a second sweep is made without erasing the data from the first The values of Ear Canal Volume ECV and Middle Ear Pressure MEP from both tests are re corded and after the second test the difference between the latter MEPd MEP2 minus MEP1 is also computed and displayed The MEP marker implemented in Version 4 x enables the marker for the second sweep to be moved...

Страница 62: ...901 has two kinds of setup one mode for altering test parame ters Measurement Setup which may be entered by means of the Setup pushbutton in the center of the front panel and one mode System Setup for basic instrument functions such as language and clock which may only be entered by pressing Setup when powering on please refer to 7 2 Version 4 x Only From Version 4 x additional setup choices have ...

Страница 63: ...red in tym panometry reflex and threshold test modes To change any test parame ter in Setup press the corresponding Softkey repeatedly until the required choice is shown in the panel above it Alternatively hold the corresponding Softkey down and turn the Rotary Knob in either direc tion 5 2 1 TYMPANOMETRY INCL ETF I Pump Speed Pump Speed The settings available are 50 100 200 400 daPa sec and AFAP ...

Страница 64: ...d as fast or slow the latter setting gives less noise but is less accurate when measuring reflex latency Y Axis Y Axis It is possible to select between Pos itive Neg ative Pos Neg and Auto If Auto is selected the instrument will automatically select whichever Y axis displays the measured curve in the greatest detail Use MEP Use MEP Press C Selects whether automatic adjustment of MEP middle ear pre...

Страница 65: ...test detail Threshold Step Threshold Step The following settings are available 1 2 5 10 20 1 2 5 10 20 dB Y Axis Y Axis it is possible to select between Pos itive Neg ative Pos Neg and Auto If Auto is selected the instrument will automatically select whichever Y axis displays the meas ured curve in the greatest detail Use MEP Use MEP Press C Selects whether automatic adjustment of MEP middle ear p...

Страница 66: ...nts The following settings are available 1 2 5 10 dB Pump On or Off Pump Switches pump on or off see Gellé s Test 4 3 3 5 3 PRINTER External Printer The ZODIAC 901 Middle Ear Analyzer is equipped with a thermal printer as standard it may however be supplied without the built in printer Whether you have a built in printer or not your ZODIAC 901 has a parallel port on its rear panel for connection t...

Страница 67: ...inter menu by pressing Printer Softkey 4 Select internal printer by pressing Softkey 4 so that paper feed is en abled Using a pair of scissors cut the leading edge of the paper roll at the right corner so that the leading edge makes a diagonal Insert the paper roll into the printer compartment Softkey 5 With the leading edge at the bottom of the roll insert the pointed edge into the left hand corn...

Страница 68: ...reshold all curves for all fre quencies are printed out For convenience this choice of printout is distinguished visually from the Screen Dump by the presence of a frame printed around the test title and ear selection left or right If there is no test data to print out the panel offering this function is blank and Softkey 2 has no effect 5 3 2 3 PRINT ALL Softkey 3 Pressing Softkey 3 Print All not...

Страница 69: ...never it also displays STANDBY it is waiting to give the user time to perform some action before pressing Continue to proceed with the current test Escape To interrupt a test sequence in Auto Mode stop test if one is in progress Softkey 2 and press Escape 6 1 MADSEN ELECTRONICS PRESET TEST MENU Auto Test Pressing Auto Test accesses one of two parallel menus the ME Preset Test Menu or User Test Men...

Страница 70: ...r the contents and definition of these Preset Tests at any time without notice 6 2 USER PROGRAMMABLE TESTS ZODIAC 901 is supplied with four user programmable tests User 1 User 2 User 3 and User 4 These tests may be uploaded to a PC or down loaded from a PC by means of ZODICON User Programmable Tests By user programmable or user tests we mean that the user can select the default parameters of a par...

Страница 71: ...ose of the User Test Programming Mode is to permit the user to program his own tests Tests 1 4 in the User Test Menu accessed from Auto Test User Programmable Tests Defined By user programmable or user tests we mean that the user can select the default parameters of a particular test the user can also select a combi nation of tests to form a battery of preset tests Auto Test To enter User Test Pro...

Страница 72: ... Use Continue to insert pauses in your test sequence for inspecting curves altering Setup parameters or operating the instrument manually The beeper sounds each time Continue is pressed It will also sound each time a pause is encountered when the program is run Auto Test After entering the last step in the User Test Programming sequence press Auto Test to return to the Program Menu Softkey 5 Press...

Страница 73: ...er the test which has been programmed is subsequently ac cessed exactly the same sequence will be repeated and your Setup set tings restored Automatic Mode and status will be displayed at the top of the screen If you have programmed a break or pause into your test sequence you will hear a beep when the break is reached and STANDBY will appear in the top line Continue To continue press Continue Esc...

Страница 74: ...rt Standby Alt Select Softkey 4 L R Softkey 2 Start Printer Softkey 3 Print All Alt Select Softkey 4 L R Main Menu Softkey 1 New Pt Softkey 1 Yes Auto Test Softkey 5 End Program Enter Test Name use rotary switch Auto Test Softkey 1 save user test Power instrument off to disable programming mode Auto Test Now power instrument on again press Auto Test and Softkey 1 to start your own User Test Use De...

Страница 75: ...901 allow a choice of English Italian Spanish and German Version 2 03 and higher also include French Softkey 2 Hold down Softkey 2 and turn the Rotary Knob to adjust the sound level of the beeper Softkey 3 Hold down Softkey 3 and turn the Rotary Knob to adjust the contrast Softkey 4 Press Softkey 4 to scroll through the different baud rates 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 the baud rate determines the ...

Страница 76: ...w controls Softkeys 4 5 to select desired unit Tone Switch Turn the Rotary Knob to change unit the Tone Switch may also be used here to select unit The date goes up to Dec 31 2190 Note that the Date Format date Month Year is the factory default can be changed by means of ZODI CON Setup Press Setup to return to the previous display and Setup again to exit The ZODIAC 901 then goes through the normal...

Страница 77: ...bout 20 Hz and less than about 20 000 Hz Mechanical vibration comprises a backwards and forwards mo tion about a mean position This motion takes place in the substance transmitting the vibration no vibration can be transmitted in a vac uum The backwards and forwards motion is characterized by changes in vi bration pressure p which are proportional to the vibration velocity c of the motion except a...

Страница 78: ... is a functional disadvantage since some of the energy fails to ar rive at its intended destination An inhomogeneity in this kind of system is most likely to arise at a boundary between adjoining components of the system 8 3 MATCHING OF MECHANICAL IMPEDANCES Matching of impedances The ear collects as much as possible of the acoustic energy arriving at the ear lobe by means of two natural mechanism...

Страница 79: ... sounds containing very small amounts of en ergy These capabilities are possible because the construction of the ear is such as to minimize the loss of energy incurred by a sound wave in its passage through the ear Losses can occur as a result of reflection and absorption of the energy in the sound wave as discussed above Both of these kinds of losses can be pathologically increased by defects of ...

Страница 80: ...ion of a muscle the tensor tympani When either or both of these two muscles contract the ear drum to becomes tensioned and the impedance of the system will be increased Inner Ear The oval window is the component by which sound waves enter the in ner ear in the form of mechanical vibrations The inner ear labyrinth is filled with fluid and consists of the cochlea which converts the vibra tions into ...

Страница 81: ...atic volume control Its speed and effectiveness may be determined by applying a loud sound to the ear and measuring the timing of the change in the me chanical impedance of the outer ear 8 7 MEASURING ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE Acoustic impedance If air is injected into a cavity the pressure inside the cavity will increase Provided the temperature does not change and the cavity walls are rigid the relatio...

Страница 82: ...of the eardrum in response to acoustic vibrations is very small and its behaviour is normally linear That is to say its mechanical impedance is independent of the sound pressure level Its deflection is proportional to the sound pressure Nonlinearity of the eardrum However for changes in pressure which are significantly greater than those produced by the normal range of sounds the deflection of the...

Страница 83: ...ometimes referred to as acoustic flow tympanometry The entry to the ear canal is sealed using a suitably dimensioned eartip and a probe inserted through the eartip The probe contains three fine air channels One is connected to a pump which can raise or depress the static pressure in the ear canal A second carries a source of sound of known amplitude referred to as the probe tone The third gives ac...

Страница 84: ...e factors as barometric pres sure The ZODIAC 901 provides for the elimination of the influence of these factors by means of an automatic daily calibration procedure us ing a Madsen Electronics Precision Cavity with a known volume of 2 0 cc 2 0 ml Because the absolute values of acoustic impedance are influenced by barometric pressure and other variable factors practical tympanometry concentrates on...

Страница 85: ... the static pressures on oppo site surfaces of the eardrum are equal or only slightly different The peak maximum of the tympanogram occurs at this pressure which may dif fer from atmospheric pressure depending on conditions in the middle ear The difference between the pressure at which the peak occurs and atmospheric pressure is therefore referred to as the Middle Ear Pressure MEP This pressure is...

Страница 86: ... pressure difference between the two points on the curve at which the compliance is half the Static Com pliance 80 Operation Manual PRINCIPLES OF MIDDLE EAR ANALYSIS Chap 8 GN Otometrics TYMPANOGRAM CHARACTERISTICS 8 11 ZODIAC 901 Middle Ear Analyzer ...

Страница 87: ...creased gradi ent or in some cases multiple humps If an ipsilateral reflex is detected then the disruption is likely to be downstream of the hammer Otherwise the reflex may be absent 9 1 3 OTOSCLEROSIS Otosclerosis and relative fixation of the footplate of the stapes tend to re sult in reduced static compliance 0 2 to 0 4 reduced gradient and in creased tympanogram width Reflex may be reduced or a...

Страница 88: ...with the result that the patient s breathing interferes with hearing The static compliance will be normal but the tympanogram will be broadened abnormally large tympanogram width and may exhibit irregularities because of in terference from the patient s breathing If the eardrum is not perforated this condition may be investigated using the Intact Eardrum test avail able in Tymp Advanced Mode not V...

Страница 89: ...r Pressure System Range Normal 200 to 400 daPa Extended 400 to 600 daPa Accuracy 10 or 10 daPa whichever is greater Air Pump Plunger type stepper motor digitally controlled Speeds as fast as possible AFAP 400 daPa sec 200 daPa sec 100 daPa sec 50 daPa sec Manual speed control Air Release Mechanical safety release valve set to 600 and 800 daPa Manual automatic air release Acoustic Reflex Contralate...

Страница 90: ...Any conventional Centronics printer inkjet laser etc may be connected via parallel port The HP Deskjet 500 generic series is the standard driver HP 510 520 etc RS232C Data Interface Measuring results setup and I D data etc may be communi cated to and from ZODIAC 901 via this port Power Supply AC 50 60 Hz 100 120 V 10 or 200 240 V 10 Power Consumption Approx 50 VA Dimensions 370 x 385 x 120 mm W x ...

Страница 91: ...Hz Default Air Cond Level 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 dB Default Meter Mode Off On Default Printer Internal External None Calibration Period Warning Off 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 month Date Format Date Month Year Date Year Month Month Date Year Month Year Date Year Month Date Year Date Month Daily Calibration Power up in Da...

Страница 92: ...Att Incr 5 10 1 2 dB Leak detect Yes No Manual Reflex Multi Curves Single Curve Use Threshold Level in Decay Off 0 5 10 15 20 dB Reflex Fast Slow Mode Fast Slow TH Level Incr 10 20 20 10 5 2 1 1 2 5 dB TH FastSCR Max Meas 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 Add Threshold Search Off 0 5 10 dB Use Pump in TH AirCond No Yes Threshold Detection Criteria TH Detect Delta Volume 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 5...

Страница 93: ...6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Sec PreTime 0 5 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 Sec StimTime 5 0 0 0 0 1 4 8 4 9 Sec PostTime 0 5 0 6 3 3 3 4 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 Sec Threshold Reflex Timing X Axis 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Sec PreTime 0 5 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 Sec StimTime 1 5 0 0 0 1 1 3 1 4 Sec PostTime 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 Sec Threshold FastSCR Timing X Axis 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ...

Страница 94: ...This page has been intentionally left blank 88 Operation Manual B APPENDIX ZODICON PARAMETERS GN Otometrics ZODIAC 901 Middle Ear Analyzer ...

Страница 95: ...robe 3 25 Warning 20 Calibration data 19 Care Maintenance of ZODIAC 901 10 Cartesian graphs 1 18 53 smoothing 29 CE Mark 5 Cerumen See Impacted cerumen Cleaning of ZODIAC 901 10 Clinical tests 4 Cochlea 74 Cochlear hearing loss 82 Compliance 1 27 Computer 29 69 See also Personal Computer Configuration Program See ZODICONTM Connection Panel 8 Connections ZODIAC 901 8 Continue 16 66 Contra 4 19 49 C...

Страница 96: ...Immittance 72 Immunization against interference 4 Impacted cerumen 82 Impedance 1 3 4 71 Matching 72 measuring 75 Mismatching 72 Incus 74 Indicator lamps 18 Inner ear structure 74 Insert phone 3 display 19 Inspection of Patient s Ear 27 Inspection ZODIAC 901 on delivery 7 Installation of ZODIAC 901 8 9 Instruction manual conventions 5 Intact Eardrum Test 36 Interference 1 4 Introduction 1 6 Ipsi 4...

Страница 97: ...n disruption 81 Ossicular chain auditory 74 impedance 76 Otosclerosis 81 Outer ear structure 73 Oval window 74 P Packing Specification 7 Paper Feed 61 Paper Loading 61 Patient Counter 21 Patient data See Identification details Patient I D See Identification details Patulous Eustachian Tube 82 PC See Personal Computer Perforated eardrum diagnosis 81 test 37 Personal Computer 8 Petroleum jelly 27 Pi...

Страница 98: ...de 18 19 parameters 33 35 42 43 45 48 50 52 restoring default 15 21 24 stimulus SPL increments 60 Setup System See System Setup Shipment of ZODIAC 901 7 Siting of ZODIAC 901 8 Smooth 16 29 53 Softkeys 1 to 5 16 18 Software 1 See also MATEBASEITM Zodicon TM Software Version 19 Software configuration See ZODICONTM Sound and vibration 71 Sound Pressure Level 17 Specifications Technical See Technical ...

Страница 99: ...4 15 24 Manual sweep setup 57 menu 14 mode 19 principles 76 Reflex 24 Scaling Setup 57 Setup 57 Warn patient 28 Tympanum 73 U Unpacking the ZODIAC 901 7 Use MEP Setup 59 60 Use MEP Setup 58 User 1 15 24 45 User 1 User 2 40 User 2 15 24 45 User interface 1 User Test 15 menu 13 19 64 Programming 65 68 User Tests Programmable 63 User Programmable Tests 1 64 User Programmable Tests Defined 65 V Versio...

Страница 100: ...94 Operation Manual ...

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