Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series, Руководство по настройке программного обеспечения

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Catalyst 4500 Series Switch, Cisco IOS Software Configuration Guide - Cisco IOS XE 3.9.xE and IOS 15.2(5)Ex
Chapter 72 Configuring SNMP
Configuring SNMP
SNMP Notifications
SNMP allows the switch to send notifications to SNMP managers when particular events occur. SNMP
notifications can be sent as traps or inform requests. In command syntax, unless there is an option in the
command to select either traps or informs, the keyword
traps refers to either traps or informs, or both.
Use the snmp-server host command to specify whether to send SNMP notifications as traps or informs.
Note SNMPv1 does not support informs.
Traps are unreliable because the receiver does not send an acknowledgment when it receives a trap, and
the sender cannot determine if the trap was received. When an SNMP manager receives an inform
request, it acknowledges the message with an SNMP response protocol data unit (PDU). If the sender
does not receive a response, the inform request can be sent again. Because they can be resent, informs
are more likely than traps to reach their intended destination.
The characteristics that make informs more reliable than traps also consume more resources in the switch
and in the network. Unlike a trap, which is discarded as soon as it is sent, an inform request is held in
memory until a response is received or the request times out. Traps are sent only once, but an inform
might be resent or retried several times. The retries increase traffic and contribute to a higher overhead
on the network. Traps and informs require a trade-off between reliability and resources. If it is important
that the SNMP manager receive every notification, use inform requests. If traffic on the network or
memory in the switch is a concern and notification is not required, use traps.
Configuring SNMP
This section describes how to configure SNMP on your switch. It contains this configuration
information:
• Default SNMP Configuration, page 72-5
•
SNMP Configuration Guidelines, page 72-6
• Disabling the SNMP Agent, page 72-7
•
Configuring Community Strings, page 72-7
•
Configuring SNMP Groups and Users, page 72-9
•
Configuring SNMP Notifications, page 72-11
• Setting the Agent Contact and Location Information, page 72-14
•
Limiting TFTP Servers Used Through SNMP, page 72-15
• SNMP Examples, page 72-15
Default SNMP Configuration
Table 72-2 shows the default SNMP configuration.