Section 1: Safety Warnings
Revision - November 2004
Page 1 - 15
Pyrophoric gases will spontaneously ignite in air
Pyrophoric gases do not need a source of ignition to burn. However, low
concentrations may accumulate without pyrophoric ignition (i.e. silane can
accumulate up to a concentration of 2 molar percent [number of moles of silane
per fixed volume of air] before spontaneous ignition occurs). Pyrophoric gases
will ignite in the presence of oxygen.
Flammable mixtures can burn or explode
Fire and explosion hazards can be controlled by preventing the formation of
combustible fuel-oxidant mixtures and by eliminating sources of ignition such as
sparks, open flames or other heat sources.
Flammable mixtures will burn when ignited and can explode when the
concentration is above the lower explosive limit (LEL) and below the upper
explosive limit (UEL) for that specific gas. Some flammable gases may
accumulate as pockets in enclosed areas and subsequently explode if an ignition
source is present. A flammable gas also presents an asphyxiating hazard in
sufficient quantities to reduce oxygen concentration below 19.5%, however
fire/explosion is typically the primary hazard.
Adequate ventilation is necessary
Adequate ventilation helps reduce the possible formation of flammable mixtures in
the event of a flammable gas leak. See tables in section 3.7 which list the exhaust
requirements per enclosure size for all gases.
NOTE: To avoid any possible hazardous reactions (i.e. fire,
explosion, extremely corrosive or toxic mixtures) never vent
incompatible gases out the same duct!
Continually monitor the atmosphere
Continually monitoring the atmosphere with a gas leak detector will alert the
operator to a flammable or explosive atmosphere in the area.
NOTE: The installation of a hydride detector is strongly
recommended for silane and other pyrophoric gases to detect
leaks or pockets of gas that may not spontaneously ignite!
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