Keithley 2182, User Manual, Page: 297 / 339

IEEE-488 Bus Overview F-5
EOI (End or Identify) — The EOI line is used to mark the end of a multi-byte data transfer
sequence.
SRQ (Service Request) — The SRQ line is used by devices when they require service from
the controller.
Handshake lines
The bus handshake lines operate in an interlocked sequence. This method ensures reliable
data transmission regardless of the transfer rate. Generally, data transfer will occur at a rate
determined by the slowest active device on the bus.
One of the three handshake lines is controlled by the source (the talker sending information),
while the remaining two lines are controlled by accepting devices (the listener or listeners
receiving the information). The three handshake lines are:
DAV (DATA VALID) — The source controls the state of the DAV line to indicate to any
listening devices whether or not data bus information is valid.
NRFD (Not Ready For Data) — The acceptor controls the state of NRFD. It is used to signal
to the transmitting device to hold off the byte transfer sequence until the accepting device is
ready.
NDAC (Not Data Accepted) — NDAC is also controlled by the accepting device. The state
of NDAC tells the source whether or not the device has accepted the data byte.
The complete handshake sequence for one data byte is shown in Figure F-2 . Once data is
placed on the data lines, the source checks to see that NRFD is high, indicating that all active
devices are ready. At the same time, NDAC should be low from the previous byte transfer. If
these conditions are not met, the source must wait until NDAC and NRFD have the correct
status. If the source is a controller, NRFD and NDAC must be stable for at least 100ns after ATN
is set true. Because of the possibility of a bus hang up, many controllers have time-out routines
that display messages in case the transfer sequence stops for any reason.
Figure F-2
IEEE-488 handshake sequence
DATA
DAV
SOURCE
SOURCE
VALID
NRFD
NDAC
ACCEPTOR
ACCEPTOR
ALL READY
ALL ACCEPTED