CHAPTER 9: THEORY OF OPERATION
FAULT LOCATOR
F35 MULTIPLE FEEDER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
9-3
9
where K
0
is the zero sequence compensation factor (for the first six equations)
Z
0M
is the mutual zero sequence impedance
I
0M
= I
G
/3 and I
G
is the ground current of the adjacent line. The I
0M
compensation term is applied for the entirely parallel
line.
For ABC faults, all three AB, BC, and CA loops are analyzed and the final result is selected based upon consistency of the
results.
The element calculates the distance to the fault (with m in miles or kilometers) and the phases involved in the fault.
The relay allows locating faults from delta-connected VTs. If the
FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION
setting is set to “None,”
and the VTs are connected in wye, the fault location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs
are connected in delta, fault location is suspended.
If the
FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION
setting value is “V0” and the VTs are connected in a wye configuration, the fault
location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in a delta configuration, fault
location is performed based on the delta voltages and externally supplied neutral voltage:
Eq. 9-11
If the
FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION
setting value is “I0” and the VTs are connected in a wye configuration, the fault
location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in a delta configuration, fault
location is performed based on the delta voltages and zero-sequence voltage approximated based on the zero-sequence
current:
Eq. 9-12
where Z
SYS0
is the equivalent zero-sequence impedance behind the relay as entered under the fault report setting menu.
