Rotor (power) angle δ can be thought of as the angle between the two lines,
connecting point 0 in Figure
, that is, Z(R, X) under normal load, with the points
SE and RE, respectively. These two lines are not shown in Figure
values of the power angle, that is, under stable, steady-state, load conditions, are
from 30 to 60 electrical degrees. It can be observed in Figure
that the angle
reaches 180 degrees when the complex impedance Z(R, X) crosses the impedance
line SE – RE. It then changes the sign, and continues from -180 degrees to 0
degrees, and so on. Figure
shows the rotor (power) angle and the magnitude of
Z(R, X) against time for the case from Figure
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
Time in millis econds
®
Im
pe
da
nc
e
Z
in
O
hm
a
nd
r
ot
or
a
ng
le
in
r
ad
ia
n
®
|Z| in Ohms
angle in rad
normal
load
fault 500 ms
Z(R,X) cros s e d
the im pe da nce line , Z-line ,
conne cting points S E - RE
fault
occurrs
Z(R, X) under fault lies
on the impedance line
or near (for 3-ph faults )
Unde r 3-pha s e fa ult
condition rotor a ngle
of a pp. ±180 de gre e s
is m e a s ure d ...
rotor (power)
angle
|Z|
IEC10000110-2-en.vsd
1
2
3
1
0
IEC10000110 V2 EN-US
Figure 62:
Rotor (power) angle and magnitude of the complex impedance
Z(R, X) against the time
In order to be able to fully understand the principles of OOSPPAM, a stable case,
that is, a case where the disturbance does not make a generator to go out-of-step,
must be shown.
Section 6
1MRK 506 382-UEN A
Impedance protection
140
Line distance protection REL650 2.2 IEC
Technical manual
Содержание RELION 650 SERIES
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