GE Baker Hughes PanaFlow LC XMT1000, User Manual

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Chapter 4. Error Codes and Troubleshooting
80 PanaFlow™ LC User’s Manual
4.4.2 Pipe Problems
Pipe-related problems may result from improper choice in meter location or errors in programming. The
following may result in problematic installations:
• The collection of material at the transducer location(s).
Accumulated debris at the transducer locations will interfere with the transmission of the ultrasound
signals. As a result, accurate flow rate measurements are not possible. Realignment of the transducers
often corrects these problems but, in some cases, wetted transducers must be used. Refer to
Chapter: Installation for more details on proper installation practices.
• Inaccurate pipe measurements.
The flow rate measurement accuracy relies greatly on the accuracy of the programmed pipe dimensions.
Measure the pipe wall thickness and diameter with the same accuracy desired in the flow rate readings.
Also, check the pipe for dents, pitting or rough surfaces, eccentricity, weld deformity, straightness and
other factors that may cause inaccurate readings. Refer to the
Chapter: Programming , for instructions on
entering the pipe data.
• The inside of the pipe or pipe is not sufficiently clean.
Excessive buildup of scale, rust or debris inside the pipe will interfere with flow measurements. Generally,
a thin coating or a solid well-adhered build up on the pipe wall will not cause problems. Loose scale and
thick coatings (such as tar or oil) will interfere with ultrasound transmission and may result in incorrect or
unreliable flow rate measurements.
4.5 Transducer Problems
Ultrasonic transducers are rugged, reliable devices. However, they are subject to physical damage from
mishandling and chemical attack. The following list of potential problems is grouped according to
transducer type. Contact BHGE if you cannot solve a transducer-related problem.
4.5.1 Transducer Problems
•
Internal Damage:
An ultrasonic transducer consists of a ceramic crystal bonded to the transducer
case. The bond between the crystal and the case or the crystal itself may be damaged by extreme
mechanical shock and/or temperature extremes. Also, the internal wiring can be corroded or shorted
if contaminants enter the transducer housing.
•
Physical Damage:
Transducers may be physically damaged by dropping them onto a hard surface or
striking them against another object. The transducer connector is the most fragile part and is most
subject to damage. Minor damage may be repaired by carefully bending the connector back into
shape. If the connector can not be repaired, the transducer must be replaced.
IMPORTANT:
Transducers must be replaced in pairs. Refer to Chapter 3, Programming, to enter the new
transducer data into the meter.