1.3.5 UniSpray
The UniSpray source enables the detection of a wide range of compounds in a single analysis. In
contrast to Electrospray ionization, UniSpray uses a grounded capillary, and the resulting spray is
directed at an impactor pin held at a voltage, creating smaller charged droplets, amenable to easy
desolvation.
See
1.3.6 Low-flow ESI probe
The optional low-flow ESI probe is fitted with a narrow bore capillary suitable for use with flow
rates from 5 µL/min to 100 µL/min. Its probe tip is optimized for this capillary.
The low-flow ESI probe replaces the standard ESI probe in the instrument’s source housing.
See the
Low-flow ESI Probe Operator's Guide
for further details.
1.3.7 NanoFlow ESI source
NanoFlow is the name given to several techniques that use low flow rate ESI. The NanoFlow
source allows ESI in the flow rate range of 5 to 1,000 nL/min. For a given sample concentration,
the ion currents observed approximate those seen in normal flow rate electrospray. However, for
similar experiments, NanoFlow’s significant reduction in sample consumption accompanies
significant increases in sensitivity.
The following options are available for the spraying capillary:
• Universal nebulizer sprayer (Nano LC).
This option is for flow injection or for coupling to nano-UPLC. It uses a pump to regulate the
flow rate downward to 100 nL/min. If a syringe pump is used, a gas-tight syringe is necessary
to effect correct flow rates without leakage. A volume of 250 µL is recommended.
• Borosilicate glass capillaries (nanovials).
Metal-coated, glass capillaries allow the lowest flow rates. They are usable for one sample,
and then must be discarded.
• Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) or Capillary Electrochromatography (CEC) sprayer.
This option uses a make-up liquid at the capillary tip that provides a stable electrospray. The
make-up flow rate is less than 1 µL/min.
See
1.3.8 Atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP)
The ASAP facilitates rapid analysis of volatile and semivolatile compounds in solids, liquids, and
polymers. It is particularly suited to analyzing low-polarity compounds. The ASAP directly
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