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Basic Network Configuration
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Port
A port, when referring to TCP and UDP networks, is an endpoint in a logical connection. The port number
identifies the type of port it is. For example, port 80 is used for HTTP traffic.
Routers
A
router
is a device that forwards data packets over networks. Most commonly, a router is connected to at
least two networks (normally LANs or WANs). Routers are located at gateways, the place where two
networks are connected. Routers do little data filtering, they mainly deliver the data.
Subnet
A
subnet
is a portion of a network that shares a common address component. On a TCP/IP network, a subnet
is described as all computers or devices whose IP Address have the same prefix.
Subnetting a network is useful because it provides security for the network as well as increases performance
of the network. IP networks are divided using subnet masks.
Switches
A
switch
is a device that filters and forwards data packets between networks. Switches operate at the data
layer, and sometimes at the network layer.
WAN
A
wide area network
connects two or more LANs and can span a relatively large geographical area. For
example, Telex Headquarters in Burnsville, MN is connected to several of its branch offices in Nebraska and
Arkansas over the wide area network. The largest WAN is the Internet.
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