Engineered Systems
Engineered systems are based on a Hydraulic Flow
Program developed by Hughes Associates Inc�� The
program predicts the two phase flow of FM-200
®
and
nitrogen through a pipe network�� Information detailing
the enclosure is entered and the program calculates the
required pipe sizes, nozzle drill sizes, average nozzle
pressures and discharge time�� For further information on
the Flow Program, refer to the Hughes Flow Program
User’s Manual��
As system design calculations are critical to the
success of the extinguishing system, only trained
personnel are permitted to perform system calculations��
If in the future, other companies wish to use the program,
representatives will be required to attend a formal training
session�� All system calculations are conducted ‘in house’
or by authorised suppliers��
NOTE: The calculation method has been designed
for specific types of fittings, pipes, and pipe inside
diameter�� When these limitations are not maintained,
there is a risk that the system will not supply the
required quantity of extinguishing agent��
Program Parameters
When designing pipe network systems, the following
design parameters should be considered to avoid system
reject when running the calculation��
4��87 bar (70��6 psi) minimum nozzle pressure��
80% maximum agent in pipe��
Between 6 - 10 seconds discharge time��
10 - 30 % side tee split��
30 -70 % bull tee split��
0��5 kg/l (31��2 lbs/ft³) - 1��0 kg/l (62��4 lbs/ft³) fill
density��
Max�� liquid arrival time imbalance of 1��0 seconds��
Maximum liquid run out time of 2��0 seconds��
Maximum nozzle height is 4��87 m (16��0 ft)
Minimum of 10% agent in pipe before first tee��
Maximum of 20 nozzles per system��
Maximum of 10 enclosures per system��
The ratio between the nozzle area and the pipe cross
sectional area immediately preceding the nozzle is
limited to a minimum of 0��20 (20%) and a maximum
of 0��80 (80%)��
(For extended discharge consult the technical support centre)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Table 13 : Max. & Min. Flow Rates
FM-200® Equation Calculations
The weight of agent required for a hazard area can also be
calculated from the formula shown below;
W = (V/S) * (C/100-C)
W = Weight of agent required kg (lbs)
V = Hazard volume m³ (ft³)
S = Specific Vapour Volume cu��m/kg (ft³/lbs)
where S = 0��1269 + 0��0005131 t (°C)
or
(S= 1��885 + 0��0046 t °F)
t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area °C (°F)
C = Required FM-200
®
Design Conc�� (% by volume) at
Design Temperature (t)��
49
© 2010 Macron Safety Systems (UK) Limited
SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
EQUIPMENT:
FM-200® (UL/FM)
PUBLICATION:
14A-07H
ISSUE No.
02
DATE:
2010-03
Pipe Size mm
(in)
Minimum
flow rate
kg/s (lb/s)
Maximum
flow rate
kg/s (lb/s)
10 (3/)
0.272 (0.0)
0.907 (2.00)
1(½)
0.44 (1.00)
1.31 (3.00)
20 (¾)
0.907 (2.00)
2.49 (.0)
2 (1)
1. (3.0)
3. (.0)
32 (1¼)
2.722 (.00)
.7 (12.0)
40 (1½)
4.02 (9.00)
9.072 (20.00)
0 (2)
.3 (14.00)
13.1 (30.00)
(2½)
9.072 (20.00)
24.9 (.00)
0 (3)
13.1 (30.00)
44.92 (99.00)
100 (4)
24.9 (.00)
.7 (12.00)
12 ()
40.2 (90.00)
90.72 (200.00)
10 ()
4.43 (120.00)
13.1 (300.00)
Note:
This information is for Schedule 40 pipe, and serves as
an estimate only��
Pipe and nozzle sizes need to be confirmed by the
computer programme��
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