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Measurement references 6-5
Cardiac Index (CI) in l/min/m
2
Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual . 3rd ed., Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007),
p.69-70.
CI = CO/BSA
where:
CO = Cardiac Output
BSA = Body Surface Area
Cardiac Output (CO) in l/min
Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual .3rd ed., Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007),
p.69-70.
CO = (SV * HR)/1000
where:
CO = Cardiac Output
SV = Stroke Volume (ml)
HR = Heart Rate
Cross Sectional Area (CSA) in cm
2
Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual . 3rd ed., Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007),
p.70-71.
CSA = 0.785 * D
2
where: D = diameter of the anatomy of interest
Deceleration Time in msec
Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual . 3rd ed., Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007),
p.73-74.
[time a - time b]
where:
time a = time associated with VMax;
time b = when the line tangent to the envelope and through VMax crosses the baseline
Delta Pressure: Delta Time (dP:dT) in mmHg/s
Otto, C.M. Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography . 2nd ed., W.B. Saunders Company, (2000), p.117-118.
32 mmHg/time interval in seconds
E:A Ratio in cm/sec
E:A = velocity E/velocity A