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VeEX RXT3900, User Manual

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Signal

Signal (Page 1)

The Signal tab brings up the frequency and level result screen. Page 1 displays the level measurement. Loss of Signal (LOS)

and the Saturation level for optical signals is shown graphically including the level measurement in dBm.

Page 2 includes:

Frequency:

 The received signal frequency and offset is measured and displayed.

Offset:

 Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the rate of the input signal.

Min (ppm):

 Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum deviation detected in the input signal.

Max (ppm):

 Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the maximum deviation detected in the input signal.

Hyperframes TX/RX: 

counters of Transmitted/Received Hyperframes

NodeB frames TX/RX:

 counters of Transmitted/Received NodeB (Radio) framed

Signal (Page 2)

RXT-3900 e-Manual D07-00-111P Rev A00

Summary of Contents for RXT3900

Page 1: ...RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 2: ...ter Setup 6 2 2 Receiver Setup 6 3 Setup SONET 6 3 1 Transmitter Setup 6 3 2 Receiver Setup 6 4 Setup OTN SDH 6 4 1 Transmitter Setup 6 4 2 Receiver Setup 6 5 Setup OTN SONET 6 5 1 Transmitter Setup 6...

Page 3: ...ry 7 2 2 Errors and Alarms 7 2 3 Event Log 7 2 4 Signal 7 2 5 Histogram 7 2 6 Graph 7 2 7 Performance Analysis 7 2 8 SDT Results 7 3 Results OTN 7 3 1 Summary 7 3 2 Errors and Alarms 7 3 3 Event Log 7...

Page 4: ...al Data Unit ODU Analysis 9 2 4 Optical Payload Unit OPU Analysis 9 3 Payload Label Payload Structure Identifier 9 4 Trace Identifier 9 5 TCM Tasks 9 6 Round Trip Delay 10 0 SDH SONET Tools 10 1 SDH T...

Page 5: ...4 2 Point Generator 10 2 4 3 Pointer Sequences 10 2 5 Trace Identifier 10 2 5 1 Transmitted Traces TX 10 2 5 2 Received Traces RX 10 2 6 Payload Labels 10 2 7 APS Tasks 10 2 8 Tributary Scan 10 2 9 Ta...

Page 6: ...surements 12 5 6 General 12 5 7 Results 12 6 OTN Tools 12 7 Alarm Error 13 0 Ethernet 13 1 Ethernet Setup 13 1 1 Test Port Selection 13 1 2 Port Setup 13 1 3 Measurement Settings 13 1 4 MX Discover an...

Page 7: ...ts 13 3 2 1 Summary 13 3 2 2 Errors 13 3 2 3 Events 13 3 2 4 Traffic 13 3 2 5 Rates 13 3 2 6 Delay 13 3 2 7 Alarms 13 3 2 8 Signal 13 4 RFC 2544 Conformance Testing 13 4 1 Setup Standard Mode 13 4 1 1...

Page 8: ...3 6 1 5 Error Injection Settings per Stream 13 6 1 6 Alarm Injection Settings 13 6 1 7 Summary 13 6 1 8 Starting Stopping a Throughput Multiple Streams Test 13 6 2 Throughput Results 13 6 2 1 Viewing...

Page 9: ...Applications 14 1 2 Port Configuration 14 2 BERT Throughput 14 2 1 Overview 14 2 2 Setup 14 2 3 Traffic Generation and Error Injection 14 2 4 Starting Measurements 14 2 5 Results 14 3 RFC 2544 14 4 Lo...

Page 10: ...me Capture 15 4 7 Wander Measurements 15 4 7 1 Built in MTIE TDEV Analysis Optional 15 5 CPRI Layer 2 Monitor 15 5 1 Setup 15 5 2 Results 15 5 3 Service Disruption Test SDT Results 15 5 4 Control Word...

Page 11: ...om VeEX Inc This device uses software either developed by VeEX Inc or licensed by VeEX Inc from third parties The software is confidential and proprietary of VeEX Inc The software is protected by copy...

Page 12: ...he RXT 1200 Platform Manual and RXT 3900 module specification sheet for information about key features front panel battery loading test modules hardware configurations etc Go back to top Go back to TO...

Page 13: ...m entering the test set before during and after module exchange or re configuration process They could create short circuits or damage internal fans Always store test modules by themselves in individu...

Page 14: ...lways connect the electrical test ports to known test interfaces which carry low level signals ESD Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive Equipment Test modules could be affected by electrostatic discharge...

Page 15: ...ons Home menu Launching Test Applications and other features refer to the RXT 1200 Platform manual Go back to top Go back to TOC 4 1 Connector Panels Test Ports RXT 3900 Connector Panel Go back to top...

Page 16: ...5 0 Utilities Refer to the RXT 1200 Platform Manual for information about all Utilities and Tools available Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 17: ...ignal tab to set up the Transmitter and Receiver interfaces and associated test parameters prior to running a test Signal tab TX and RX Configurations The Transmitter TX and Receiver RX configurations...

Page 18: ...figure OTN SDH OTN SONET PDH signal and network types including the bit rate and higher order mapping if applicable Interface Allows the user to select optical or electrical test ports Optical test po...

Page 19: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 20: ...is selected from the SDH SONET option under the General tab TX and RX configuration screens will look slightly different Go back to top Go back to TOC 6 2 1 Transmitter Setup This section of the manua...

Page 21: ...signals Electrical interface is available for STM 0E STM 1E signals Clock Source Can be configured as follows Internal clock The clock for the transmitter is derived from the internal clock The intern...

Page 22: ...tup Text Mode SDH Mapping Both AU 4 and AU 3 signal mappings per G 707 recommendations are supported The multiplexing structure is shown below Tx Structure Setup Graphical Mode RXT 3900 e Manual D07 0...

Page 23: ...rovide a transport capacity of 2 304Mbps and accommodate the mapping of a 2 048Mbps signal 63 x TU 12s may be multiplexed into a STM 1 VC 4 The tributary numbering used above is per ITU T G 707 standa...

Page 24: ...r full rate testing at 2 048Mbps Fractional E1 Configures the transmitter for fractional testing using N or M 64kbps timeslots contiguous or non contiguous timeslots In VC3 mapping mode Tributary set...

Page 25: ...tup options for the Rx are the same as for the Tx described previously except for clock offset which is only available in Tx Note Remember to use an optical attenuator to prevent receiver overload or...

Page 26: ...tion under the General tab TX and RX configuration screens will look slightly different Go back to top Go back to TOC 6 3 1 Transmitter Setup This section of the manual describes the SONET configurati...

Page 27: ...terface is available for OC 1 OC 3 OC 12 OC 48 and OC 192 signals Electrical interface is available for STS 1 and STS 3 signals Clock Source Can be configured as follows Internal clock The clock for t...

Page 28: ...STS 12C STS 3C STS 1 and VT1 5 is available VT 2 is optional STS mappings per Bellcore GR 253 and ANSI T1 105 recommendations are supported The multiplexing structure is shown below Tx Structure Setup...

Page 29: ...pe of VT can be contained within each VTG Therefore a VTG can be formed by byte interleave multiplexing 3 VT 2s and 4 VT 1 5s VT 1 5 Each VT 1 5 frame consists of 27 bytes 3 columns of 9 bytes These b...

Page 30: ...g at 2 048Mbps Fractional E1 Configures the transmitter for fractional testing using N or M 64kbps timeslots contiguous or non contiguous timeslots In STS 1 mapping mode Tributary set to E3 the Low Ra...

Page 31: ...erface Tapping the Interface setup box opens the Rx Interface screen The Interface setup options for the Rx are the same as for the Tx described previously except for clock offset which is not possibl...

Page 32: ...me as for the Tx described previously except for the Out of Service selection which should be selected if the incoming signal is expected to contain a known test pattern Deselect this option if signal...

Page 33: ...er Setup This section of the manual describes the OTN configuration capabilities The block diagram of the Tx and Rx structure is described in Signal Overview Hierarchy Tapping the Hierarchy box opens...

Page 34: ...rambler ON OFF FEC FEC encoder can be ON OFF activated deactivated OPU Type SDH Test Rate STM 1 155M STM 4 622M Go back to top Go back to TOC Interface Structure Payload and Pattern Interface Structur...

Page 35: ...Tx Structure Setup Graphical Mode Tx Payload Setup Tx Pattern Setup RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 36: ...offset which is only available in Tx Structure and Payload OTN SDH Rx Structure and Payload configurations are the same as for OTN SDH Tx setup described previously Pattern Tapping the Pattern box ope...

Page 37: ...itter Setup This section of the manual describes the OTN configuration capabilities The block diagram of the Tx and Rx structure is described in Signal Overview Hierarchy Tapping the Hierarchy box ope...

Page 38: ...shown below Scrambler ON OFF FEC FEC encoder can be ON OFF activated deactivated OPU Type SDH PRBS Go back to top Go back to TOC Interface Structure Payload and Pattern Interface Structure Payload an...

Page 39: ...Tx Structure Setup Text Mode Tx Structure Setup Graphical Mode Tx Payload Setup RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 40: ...r clock offset which is only available in Tx Structure and Payload OTN SONET Rx Structure and Payload configurations are the same as for OTN SONET Tx setup described previously Pattern Tapping the Pat...

Page 41: ...op down menu and stops automatically when the defined time has elapsed Auto A predetermined start time can be set by the user The test duration can be set in seconds minutes hours or days After progra...

Page 42: ...rs G 8201 Error performance parameters and objectives for multi operator international paths within optical transport networks OTN addressing the objectives for international and national ODUk paths T...

Page 43: ...SONET SDH or SONET modes are available options Defines the reference standard to be used for GUI terminology and functionality Select SDH for SDH and PDH applications Select SONET for North American S...

Page 44: ...parameters bit rate line code Mapping Checks mapping structure using the signal label and pointer bytes Payload Only test patterns defined in ITU T or ANSI standards will be recognized If no test patt...

Page 45: ...PS time if the trigger selected is LOS only This will just measure the physical protection switch time Setup 1 Set Enable to ON to activate SDT testing 2 Set a limit time and gate time Limit and Gate...

Page 46: ...them as one service disruption because the error free section is less that the gate time Using a gate time of 100ms to evaluate the same situation would coun two service disruptions because the Gate T...

Page 47: ...any alarms errors or signal failure pertaining to the SDH signal and its payload Summary Go back to top Go back to TOC 7 1 2 Errors and Alarms The Errors Alarms tab brings up several pages showing the...

Page 48: ...measurement interval but it is no longer present or active Errors Alarms Page 1 Note Tapping the individual colored block will automatically link directly to the applicable result screen which provid...

Page 49: ...SDH Error and Alarm defection criteria per ITU T G 707 and O 150 recommendations RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 50: ...RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 51: ...splayed in red including count and rate Errors Alarms Page 2 Errors Alarms Page 3 Page 3 lists the Section and Line Overhead Alarms in logical order associated with the signal under test All alarms ar...

Page 52: ...ed with the signal and payload under test All errors are evaluated and stored Go back to top Go back to TOC 7 1 3 Event Log The Event Log tab brings up the screen listing the Error and Alarm events re...

Page 53: ...16 and STM 64 signals Loss of Signal LOS and the Saturation level for optical signals are shown graphically including the level measurement in dBm Signal Page 1 Frequency Page 2 The received signal f...

Page 54: ...presented in the table below Low quality clock sources that deviate from the nominal value cause problems in the operation of network elements It is necessary and recommended to measure the signal fr...

Page 55: ...the signal type and structure selected A graphical timeline on the horizontal axis indicates when the event occurred The upper left and right arrows allow the user to scroll through the measurement p...

Page 56: ...P REI LP Remote Error Indication Histogram Page 7 Page 7 displays the Alarms associated with the payload The measured parameters depend on the payload selected Histogram Page 8 Page 8 displays the BER...

Page 57: ...nalysis Evaluation According to ITU T G 821 This recommendation was originally specified for international circuit switched N x 64kbps connections and later expanded to include higher bit rates ES SES...

Page 58: ...ce measurement using the evaluation of block errors The following are evaluated ES SES BE BBE and UAS Pass Fail result depends on path allocation of 0 1 to 100 In Service Measurement ISM Simultaneous...

Page 59: ...is available Bit errors can be evaluated for Unframed patterns Framed patterns and bulk signals Overhead bytes E1 E2 order wire F1 F2 user D1 D3 and D4 D12 DCC in the SDH Overhead SOH and POH Evaluat...

Page 60: ...E and SEP Settings for S1 and S2 Path allocation 0 1 to 100 BISO Multiplier 0 1 to 100 The M 2101 evaluation can be performed on the following events B1 B2 MS REI B3 HP REI LP BIP LP REI Bit errors TS...

Page 61: ...longest service disruption duration Result Waiting for trigger or Measure Waiting for trigger Testing is in progress and the unit is waiting to detect an error alarm Measure Error alarm is in progress...

Page 62: ...e to the signal or network under test The color of the page tab is normally blue however it will turn red when an alarm error condition has been detected or recorded The soft LEDs on screen are arrang...

Page 63: ...on Depending on the settings chosen in Setup Signal the Alarms Errors displayed and page length will vary but the order in which they are presented remain the same The colored headers are described in...

Page 64: ...SONET Error and Alarm defection criteria per Bellcore GR 253 and ANSI T1 105 231 RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 65: ...f the header Error conditions are displayed in red including count and rate Errors Alarms Page 2 Go back to top Go back to TOC Errors Alarms Page 3 Page 3 lists the Section and Line Overhead Alarms in...

Page 66: ...test All alarms are evaluated and stored Errors Alarms Page 6 Errors Alarms Page 8 Page 8 lists the BERT Errors in logical order that are associated with the signal and payload under test All errors a...

Page 67: ...he frequency of the input signal Offset Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the rate of the input signal Min ppm Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum d...

Page 68: ...ormally reported in Hz while the deviation is reported in ppm Tolerances for the various clock frequencies of SONET hierarchies are presented in the table below Level Measures the Peak and Peak Peak v...

Page 69: ...he SONET Alarm Note The alarms and errors presented depend on the signal type and structure selected A graphical timeline on the horizontal axis indicates when the event occurred The upper left and ri...

Page 70: ...ayload Mismatch TIM V VT Trace Identifier Mismatch RDI V VT Remote Defect Indication RFI V VT Remote Fault Indication BIP V VT Bit Interleaved Parity REI V VT Remote Error Indication Histogram Page 7...

Page 71: ...Performance Analysis for information on the Analysis tab and test definitions For a brief description of supported G Series and M Series performance tests as well as setup instructions please see Perf...

Page 72: ...l pages showing the errors and alarm status Page 1 provides an overview of all the Errors and Alarms applicable to the signal or network under test The color of the page tab is normally blue however i...

Page 73: ...screen which provides detailed information Depending on the settings chosen in Setup Signal the Alarms Errors displayed and page length will vary The colored headers are described in the table below O...

Page 74: ...RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 75: ...RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 76: ...d including count and rate Errors Alarms Page 4 5 Page 4 lists the OTU Alarms in logical order associated with the signal under test All alarms are evaluated and stored The Elapsed Time ET since the s...

Page 77: ...tart time and duration and duration alarms and ratio count errors are displayed Go back to top Go back to TOC 7 3 4 Signal The signal tab displays the Level and Frequency screen Page 1 displays the le...

Page 78: ...e Optical Transceiver SFP SFP SFP28 or XFP information including Vendor name Part Firmware revision Optical Wavelength Min Max bit rates supported and Dynamic Range Signal Page 3 Go back to top Go bac...

Page 79: ...selected A graphical timeline on the horizontal axis indicates when the event occurred The upper left and right arrows allow the user to scroll through the measurement period while the and keys allow...

Page 80: ...ern Go back to top Go back to TOC 7 3 6 Graph The Graph tab displays the behavior of individual alarms and errors over time providing a visual indication of severity count or rate of the Errors and Al...

Page 81: ...b and test definitions For a brief description of supported G Series and M Series performance tests as well as setup instructions please see Performance Analysis in the Measurement Configuration secti...

Page 82: ...back to top Go back to TOC 8 1 Alarm Generation Generates a range of different anomalies into the transmit signal Alarm generation modes include Alarm Flow Continuous Generates a continuous alarm whe...

Page 83: ...ge 3 VT PLM VT RDI VT RFI VT TIM SONET Alarm Type Go back to top Go back to TOC 8 1 3 OTN Alarms The following OTN alarms can be generated OTN0 LOF LOM ODU0 AIS OCI LCK BDI TIM PLM GMP SYNC LOS ODU0 O...

Page 84: ...pends on the type of framing being used and the hierarchies and line interfaces that have been selected Error Flow Go back to top Go back to TOC 8 2 1 Pattern Errors From Pattern Error Type BIT errors...

Page 85: ...any time during the test process tap on these buttons to inject errors or generate alarms Quick Access to Alarm and Errors Menu Press the Set Injection button from any screen for quick access to an al...

Page 86: ...ding the country of origin network operator and administrative details Payload Structure Identifier PSI field transports a 256 byte message aligned with the ODU multiframe PSI0 contains the Payload Ty...

Page 87: ...ons FAS and MFAS Frame Alignment Signal FAS Uses the first six bytes and similar to SONET SDH it is used to provide framing for the entire signal In order to provide enough 1 0 transitions for synchro...

Page 88: ...ward Defect Indicator BDI and Incoming Alignment Error IAE The TTI is distributed over the multiframe and is 64 bytes in length It is repeated four times over the multiframe SM TTI Type General Commun...

Page 89: ...e It contains the TTI BIP 8 BEI BDI and Status STAT subfields PM TTI Type Go back to top Go back to TOC TCMi There are six Tandem Connection Monitoring TCMi fields that define the ODU TCM sub layer ea...

Page 90: ...Fault Location FTFL Reporting communication channel field used to create a message spread over a 256 byte multiframe Provides the ability to send forward and backward path level fault indications FTF...

Page 91: ...and is available for network operator applications EXP Type Go back to top Go back to TOC General Communication Channels 1 and 2 GCC1 GCC2 Fields are very similar to the GCC0 field except that each ch...

Page 92: ...on monitoring level depending on the value of the multiframe APS PCC Type Go back to top Go back to TOC 9 2 4 Optical Payload Unit OPU Analysis Payload Structure Identifier PSI Primary overhead field...

Page 93: ...k are the same the JC bytes become reserved Further details on mapping are available in ITU G 709 Go back to top Go back to TOC 9 3 Payload Label Payload Structure Identifier Tap the Payload Label ico...

Page 94: ...200 into OPU2e 0A STM 1 mapping into OPU0 0B STM 4 mapping into OPU0 Go back to top Go back to TOC 9 4 Trace Identifier Trail Trace Identifier Tap the Trace Identifier icon to display the screen shown...

Page 95: ...sks Results are available for up to six tandem connections The counts are numbers of seconds containing the error or indication Tandem connections and corresponding source and sink functions are defin...

Page 96: ...nt Error IAE Incoming Alignment Error IEC Incoming Error Count BEI TC Backward Error Indication 9 6 Round Trip Delay The Round Trip Delay Propagation Delay measurement works by sending a test pattern...

Page 97: ...ers the drop out times of tributary connections are measured and compared with preset values Tributary Scan Used to scan individual or multiple tributaries to verify routing and error free operation O...

Page 98: ...0110 Hex F6 A2 is the 2nd framing byte 00101000 Hex 28 Both A1 and A2 bytes are unscrambled The Frame Alignment Word of a STM N frame is composed of 3 x N A1 bytes followed by 3 x N A2 bytes A1 Framin...

Page 99: ...pose to carry proprietary messages The channel is terminated at each regenerator location Data Communications Channel Bytes D1 D2 D3 Data Communications Channel DCC D1 D2 and D3 together form a 192kbp...

Page 100: ...110 Forced switch 1101 Signal fail high priority 1 n only 1100 Signal fail low priority 1011 Signal degrade high priority 1 n only 1010 Signal degrade low priority 1000 Manual switch 0110 Wait to rest...

Page 101: ...on a multiplexer section Used to communicate Alarm Indication Signal AIS and Remote Defect Indication RDI conditions Bits 1 4 selects bridged channel used Bit 5 determines APS architecture 1 1 1 N Bi...

Page 102: ...mbedded timing and is used to inform the remote Multiplexer of the clock quality used to generate signals Bits 1 4 carry synchronization messages Bits 5 8 0000 Synchronized Traceability Unknown 0001 S...

Page 103: ...h source This user programmable byte repeatedly transmits a 15 byte string plus 1 CRC 7 byte so that a receiver can continually verify its connection with the transmitter A 64 byte free format string...

Page 104: ...f the complete path Bits 1 4 Remote Error Indication HP REI indicates number of bit errors detected by B3 Bit 5 Remote Defect indication HP RDI set to 1 if signal failure is detected Bits 6 7 Enhanced...

Page 105: ...d blocks egressing the VC n Bits 7 8 Operate in 76 multi frame structure Frames 1 8 Frame Alignment Signal FAS Frames 9 72 The Access Point Identifier of the tandem connection TC API Frames 73 76 TC R...

Page 106: ...ed blocks of the egressing VC n Bits 7 8 Operate in a 76 multi frame structure Multiframe structure consists of Frames 1 8 Frame Alignment Signal FAS Frames 9 72 The Access Point Identifier of the tan...

Page 107: ...Label bytes Column 1 Indicates the byte type Column 2 Provides the hexadecimal value of the byte if applicable Column 3 Provides a byte decode Please refer to the byte definitions for an explanation...

Page 108: ...most overhead bytes is possible using the OH Generator feature dedicated functions are available for Pointer Tasks Payload Labels Trace Identifier APS Testing TCM testing In some instances more advan...

Page 109: ...without having to use stuffing bits Pointers are allowed to move up or down every three frames however the actual rate should be slower The Administrative Unit AU and the Tributary Unit TU each has it...

Page 110: ...ements as follows For AU pointers Sequence see 10 1 4 3 Pointer Sequences SS bits Program bits 5 and 6 of the H1 byte to be either SONET 00 Unknown 01 SDH 10 or Unknown 11 Adjustment Increment INC or...

Page 111: ...uences as follows Sequence Decide how to affect the pointer sequence Basic Specify whether the pointer is increasing or decreasing Select Inc to increase the pointer value Select Dec to decrease the p...

Page 112: ...adjustments 3 consecutive pointer value reduced the number of adjustments by one Unit Select the type of unit to count Frames N Specify the number of pointer adjustments in a row 1 9999 default 6 T Sp...

Page 113: ...ace Identifier icon to display the path trace testing application and screens There are dedicated tabs for Transmitted and Received expected path traces and setups 10 1 5 1 Transmitted Traces TX J0 RS...

Page 114: ...identifier to set and check the expected trace Enable or disable the TIM Trace Identifier Mismatch alarm RX JO S Go back to top Go back to TOC 10 1 6 Payload Labels This function is used to set the C2...

Page 115: ...t in the event of network failure or problems The protection mechanism is coordinated by the K1 and K2 bytes in the Multiplexer Section Overhead APS Standards The principles and protocols of APS in SD...

Page 116: ...he transmission system because this will impact the measurement The measurement will be triggered by an Alarm Indication Signal AIS The test set measures how long the AIS event remains present after t...

Page 117: ...ing The unit automatically performs a sequential BER test on each SDH tributary C12 channel mapping can be either via AU 4 or AU 3 The unit checks for alarms in the received signal the SDH structure a...

Page 118: ...r VC2 and VC These two bytes are structured similarly but their functions are not identical Go back to top Go back to TOC 10 1 10 Round Trip Delay The Round Trip Delay Propagation Delay measurement wo...

Page 119: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 120: ...out times of tributary connections are measured and compared with preset values TCM Tasks Used to analyze or edit the sequence of Z5 and Z6 TCM bytes by generating alarms and errors in the Tandem con...

Page 121: ...0110 Hex F6 A2 is the 2nd framing byte 00101000 Hex 28 Both A1 and A2 bytes are unscrambled The Frame Alignment Word of a STS N frame is composed of 3 x N A1 bytes followed by 3 x N A2 bytes A1 Framin...

Page 122: ...r purpose to carry proprietary messages The channel is terminated at each regenerator location Data Communications Channel Bytes D1 D2 D3 Data Communications Channel DCC D1 D2 and D3 together form a 1...

Page 123: ...N frame B2 Byte K1 Byte APS Linear Used to activate and deactivate the switching between the main and protection paths on a multiplexer section APS message type conforms to ITU T G 783 and Bellcore G...

Page 124: ...ignal fail span 1011 Signal fail ring 1010 Signal degrade protection 1001 Signal degrade span 1000 Signal degrade ring 0111 Manual switch span 0110 Manual switch ring 0101 Wait to restore 0100 Exercis...

Page 125: ...Bytes D4 D12 Data Communications Channel DCC together these nine bytes form a 576kbps message channel for OAM purposes They can be used for internally or externally generated messages or BER function...

Page 126: ...sage is assigned to each path in a SONET network therefore the path trace can be used to check continuity between any location on a transmission path and the path source This user programmable byte re...

Page 127: ...binary values C2 Byte STS Path signal label C2 byte structure per GR 253 recommendations Code hex Payload type 00 Unequipped 01 Equipped non specific standard payload 02 Floating VT mode 03 Locked VT...

Page 128: ...F4 STS 1 payload with 20 VT x payload defects F5 STS 1 payload with 21 VT x payload defects F6 STS 1 payload with 22 VT x payload defects F7 STS 1 payload with 23 VT x payload defects F8 STS 1 payloa...

Page 129: ...3 levels Bits 1 4 Used as an Incoming Error Count IEC Bit 5 Operates as the TC REI to indicate errored blocks occurring within the tandem connection Bit 6 Operates as the OEI to indicate errored block...

Page 130: ...REI V 0 no error 1 errors that is sent back towards an originating VT PTE if errors were detected by the BIP 2 Bit 4 is reserved for mapping specific functions Bits 5 7 provide the VT signal label 00...

Page 131: ...em connection Bit 5 TC REI indicating errored blocks caused in the tandem connection Bit 6 OEI indicating errored blocks of the egressing STS 1n Bits 7 8 operate in a 76 multi frame structure Multifra...

Page 132: ...ry tab displays the summary screen listing the major bytes of the received SONET signal Column 1 Indicates the byte type Column 2 Provides the hexadecimal value of the byte if applicable Column 3 Prov...

Page 133: ...keypad Binary values using simple on screen bit toggle or pop up keypad Convenient drop down selections In some instances the selections will be available over multiple pages Note While programming o...

Page 134: ...nerator Programming most overhead bytes is possible using the OH Generator feature however dedicated test functions are available for Pointer Tasks Payload Labels Trace Identifier APS Testing TCM test...

Page 135: ...splays bits 5 and 6 of the H1 byte to indicate SONET 10 SONET 00 Unknown 01 and 11 signal type Pointer value displays the H1 and H2 values addresses indicating the offset in bytes between the pointer...

Page 136: ...Increment INC or Decrement DEC pointers with identical polarity by 1 byte in single steps New value Transmits a new pointer address or value with or without a new data flag NDF Configurable in a rang...

Page 137: ...he pointer adjustment Periodic Generate periodic changes in the pointer value 87 3 Generate an 87 3 pattern 87 consecutive pointer adjustments 3 consecutive pointer value with no adjustments 87 3 Add...

Page 138: ...30 seconds with no pointer movements Go back to top Go back to TOC 10 2 5 Trace Identifier Tap the Trace Identifier icon to display the path trace testing screens shown below There are dedicated tabs...

Page 139: ...d check the expected trace Enable or disable the TIM Trace Identifier Mismatch alarm J1 STS Path High order path section trace STS path section trace Program a 16 or 64 byte identifier to set and chec...

Page 140: ...u selection For the RX label you can enable or disable the Payload Mismatch PLM Alarm TX C2 P V5 VT Path Path signal label Program the TX and RX label by editing the hexadecimal value or by using the...

Page 141: ...old Normally over a provisioned range of 1 x 10 5 to 1 x 10 9 APS Test Procedure The test set should be connected to a tributary port of network element or transmission system to ensure that the switc...

Page 142: ...n be very time consuming The test set automatically performs a sequential BER test on each SONET tributary VT channel mapping can be via STS N The unit checks for any alarms in the received signal the...

Page 143: ...als are carried in the Z5 byte for STS N and in the Z6 byte for VT s These two bytes are structured similarly but their functions are not identical Go back to top Go back to TOC 10 2 10 Round Trip Del...

Page 144: ...Signal Hierarchy and from General SDH SONET Set check box on Signal Pattern Rx to Out of Service Press Start to view Round Trip Delay results for the looped back signal Go back to top Go back to TOC...

Page 145: ...its simultaneously Users can manually edit encode each of the Sa TX fields by tapping on the TX fields and using the keypad to enter any 8 bit sequence The SSM functionality is available for PCM31C PC...

Page 146: ...010 Reserved 0011 SSU A 0100 Reserved 0101 Reserved 0110 Reserved 0111 SSU B 1000 Reserved 1001 Reserved 1010 SETS SEC 1011 Reserved 1100 Reserved 1101 Reserved 1110 Do not use for sync 1111 E1 Sa Bit...

Page 147: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC 11 2 E1 Receive Data The PDH E1 RX data shows received data for individual timeslots E1 RX Data Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 148: ...ding basic PRBS Bulk and Ethernet OTU2 interfaces can carry lower rate payloads e g 1GE by multiplexing multiple ODU0s e g OTU1 ODU1 ODU0 1GE OTU2 ODU2 ODU0 1GE or OTU2 ODU2 ODU1 ODU0 1GE When Bulk is...

Page 149: ...be inserted into the transmitted signal Pseudo Random Bit Sequences PRBS defined by ITU T 0 150 and 0 151 standards fixed words and 24 bit or 32 bit user defined patterns are available Note If the 32...

Page 150: ...ing the start time and duration press the Start button and the test will be activated automatically when the programmed start time is reached Interval Save Results Auto Save and Auto Server Upload is...

Page 151: ...he link partner Speed Default set to 1000 Mbps Duplex Default set to Full Flow Control TX On RX On Both On or Off When flow control is enabled the test set will respond to pause frames received by the...

Page 152: ...on on Ethernet payloads refer to the Ethernet section for more information For Bulk PRBS payloads refer to Results OTN SDH and OTN SONET Results Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00...

Page 153: ...ysical overclocked interfaces has faded away and is considered non standard the use of the ODU2e container became a permanent part of the G 709 standard OTU1e 11 0491Gbps bit rate support without fixe...

Page 154: ...e This enables the TX and RX to be set to different rates Go back to top Go back to TOC 12 5 2 Hierarchy To access the physical interface and rate setting tap on the Hierarchy box from the Signal tab...

Page 155: ...decrease the frequency shift up to 0 01ppm Frequency offset 50ppm with 1 0 1 0 01ppm resolution Termination 2 Mbps only Terminated The received signal is terminated with a 75 ohm or 100 ohm 120 ohm in...

Page 156: ...t configuration for starting stopping the test Interval Save Results Auto Save and Auto Server Upload is available in all modes Depending on the V300 unit and test module installed Interval Save will...

Page 157: ...Results Measurements are accessed by tapping the Results icon in the main menu The results comprise of a range of tabbed pages similar to the setup pages If Ethernet options are enabled the Results ic...

Page 158: ...e are the same as the ones featured in OTN SDH Single and Dual Test Modes Refer to OTN Tools from the OTN SONET SDH section for more information on these test applications OTN Tools in ODU0 and ODUfle...

Page 159: ...Uflex Test Mode is the same as the application in OTN SDH Single and Dual Test Modes Refer to Alarm Error from the SDH SONET OTN section for more information Alarm Error in ODU0 and ODUflex Test Mode...

Page 160: ...rface options purchased the following selections are possible RXT 3900 For SFP port 10G Single Ethernet Testing 10G Dual Ethernet Testing 10G Ethernet Pass Through Monitor 100 1000Base X Single Ethern...

Page 161: ...re steady green this indicates that the module is ready to perform different tests On the UX400 the test tab will also turn green This may require turning the LASER On button for optical interfaces or...

Page 162: ...orking on Master mode Clock offset measurement is only valid when PHY is working on Slave mode PHY working mode Master or Slave Synchronous Ethernet SyncE Disabled or Enabled When Enabled makes the si...

Page 163: ...ected from the Test Port Selection menu Note Test units shipped before January 2012 support up to 50 ppm offset only Units shipped from 2012 onwards support up to 150 ppm offset This applies to both 1...

Page 164: ...e receiver is turned on the user must start the transmitter manually Coupled Transmitter and receiver are turned on at the same time and the Tx and Rx measurements start at the same time at the start...

Page 165: ...ed devices to loop up down User Defined Input the destination IP address of the far end device OAM Discover Lists OAM discovered devices Select from the list of discovered devices to loop up down X lo...

Page 166: ...press Loop Up to send a loop up command to the selected remote unit For detailed descriptions of Discovery Capabilities Link Events and Notification Settings please see Ethernet OAM Testing Activatin...

Page 167: ...k testing select whether this unit will be Generating Traffic or in Loopback Mode The frame size for each option listed below is 256 bytes The following options are available 1G to 1G 1G interface is...

Page 168: ...the screen displays Quick Test view and the following results for both ports Link Up Down status Optical Power in dBm ARP Pass Fail status PING Pass Fail status Round Trip Delay To Ping Round Trip Te...

Page 169: ...preconfigured To customize settings for both ports go to the Setup tab For configuration instructions please refer to BERT Setup Go back to top Go back to TOC Results Summary Results RXT 3900 e Manual...

Page 170: ...rming the following Ethernet applications Ping Trace Route Web FTP ARP Wiz VoIP IPTV testing and 1588v2 except Layer 2 Tap on IP from the Ethernet home menu to access Port and IP settings 13 2 1 1 Set...

Page 171: ...ding domain name translation to IP addresses VLAN Off 1 Tag 2 Tags For each VLAN tag enter the following ID VLAN ID Enter value 0 to 4095 Pri VLAN priority 0 to 7 Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 2 1...

Page 172: ...he RXT 1200 for more information on this feature including setup and results Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 2 5 VoIP Testing 13 2 5 1 VoIP Check The VoIP Check mode allows you to test the network re...

Page 173: ...quality scores Press Start to begin the test It will run for the duration indicated in Test Duration VoIP Check Setup VOIP Test Complete will display on the status screen upon completion VoIP Check Re...

Page 174: ...other critical network related parameters are measured and test results are displayed on both field test units and the VX1000 software and can be saved and retrieved for future reference and benchmar...

Page 175: ...p Go back to TOC Server Mode In the Setup tab for Mode select Server from the drop down menu Press Start to begin the test The test set will wait for Client to initiate connection VoIP Expert VX1000 S...

Page 176: ...esults and the results are displayed on both sides Client Server Test Results Go back to top Go back to TOC VoIP Expert Client Server Results Voice Quality measurements are displayed for both directio...

Page 177: ...Quality R factor this score is based on packet metrics codec packet loss discard and jitter Per ITU T G 107 R CQ Conversational Quality R factor this score is based on listening quality metrics and al...

Page 178: ...of packets lost or discarded during a Burst condition A Burst condition is a period of high loss density over 5 Packet Statistics Page 2 Sample from VoIP Expert Client Server Mode Packet Statistics P...

Page 179: ...fore MAPDV mean abs ti ai Packet Statistics Page 3 Sample from VoIP Expert Client Server Mode Average PDV The running average mean absolute packet delay variation in milliseconds This average takes th...

Page 180: ...Select the result s you would like to view by clicking the corresponding check box Click the View button to display the selected result s MOS R Results RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 181: ...s score is based on listening quality metrics and also includes network delay Per ITU T G 107 converted on a MOS scale R LQ Listening Quality R factor this score is based on packet metrics codec packe...

Page 182: ...derrun discards Number of voice stream packets discarded by the jitter buffer due to the late arrival exceeds the configured jitter buffer depth Overrun discards Number of voice stream packets discard...

Page 183: ...t can be attributed to jitter buffer discard i e jitter CODEC Degradation The percentage of the overall quality of degradation that can be attributed to codec Delay Degradation The percentage of the o...

Page 184: ...mestamp from packet i and Ri is the time of arrival for packet i then for two packets i and j D i j Rj Ri Sj Si The interarrival jitter is calculated continuously as each data packet i is received fro...

Page 185: ...y voice encoding and translation provisioning Real time evaluation of voice quality with a complete set of measurements available at the end of the call including packet statistics jitter statistics a...

Page 186: ...Gatekeeper User Enter the username User Number Endpoint Alias Dialed Digits H 323 ID Endpoint Alias address H323 ID E 164 Number Endpoint Alias address E164 ID Codec G 711 law and G 711 A law Headphon...

Page 187: ...equires the user to enter URI or IP address of the SIP Registrar Proxy ON Enter URI or IP address of SIP Proxy SIP Invite will be sent to this address OFF Invite will be sent to Registrar or Outbound...

Page 188: ...y answer incoming calls Session Timer When enabled a re invite will be sent at the expiration of this timer per RFC 4028 DSCP QOS When enabled enter the DiffServ field per RFC 2474 STUN Server When en...

Page 189: ...ones transmitted as RFC4733 events Call Registration To transmit DTMF tones access the DTMF tab An alphanumeric keypad will be displayed DTMF tones are transmitted as soon as they are typed Go back to...

Page 190: ...Tap on a packet link to open a window with additional information Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 191: ...ed test pattern Framed mode Test pattern is encapsulated into a valid Ethernet frame with SOF Preamble and CRC field Layer 2 Framed BERT same as Layer 1 Framed MAC Address A default or user configured...

Page 192: ...Backbone MAC Source Backbone MAC Destination Ethernet Type I SID Backbone VLAN ID Priority Type MPLS TP MPLS TP MAC Source MPLS TP MAC Destination Ethernet Type VLAN ID Priority Type LSP PW CW PBB Tes...

Page 193: ...nd partner test set or use the ARP or ARP GW keys to determine the MAC address of the destination IP address ARP or the Gateway ARP GW Note A valid IP connection needs to be up to use these functions...

Page 194: ...highest which can be used to prioritize different classes of traffic voice video data etc Type The following selections are possible 8100 IEEE 802 1Q tagged frame 88a8 IEEE 802 1ad Provider Bridging...

Page 195: ...header fields IP Type IPv4 IPv6 IP Src and IP Dest For IP Src if the IP connection is up refer to IP Connection The source address is fixed to the IP address from the IP setup menu IP TOS for Quality...

Page 196: ...of jitter at component or system level CJTPAT Compliant Jitter Test Pattern is a Jitter Tolerance Pattern that stresses a receiver by exposing it to extreme phase jumps thereby stressing the clock dat...

Page 197: ...wed by a zero for 1 bit time followed by a one for 1 bit time followed by a zero for 2 bit times This pattern can be generated by the repeated transmission of the K28 5 code group Disparity rules are...

Page 198: ...cial Patterns Page 2 Go back to top Go back to TOC RX Filter Tab Allows the user to filter incoming streams When checked the incoming traffic flows that don t match these criteria will not be consider...

Page 199: ...maximum bandwidth Single Burst Configure the number of frames to be transmitted in the burst along with the bandwidth For example if 100000 frames are transmitted at 12 5 of bandwidth on a 1Gbps line...

Page 200: ...ction tab Error type Select from Bit CRC IP Checksum Layer 3 4 only Pause TCP UDP Checksum Layer 4 only With Pause selected the unit will transmit a pause frame when Error Injection icon is pressed Th...

Page 201: ...lly When all the tests are complete the test will stop automatically If the BERT test suite needs to be stopped before they are done then simply press the Stop button located in the actions drop down...

Page 202: ...then the utilization value is 10 or 100Mbps of the total link capacity or Line Rate Number of bytes Pause Frames Total number of transmitted and received ethernet pause flow control frames BERT Resul...

Page 203: ...Events Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 3 2 4 Traffic Traffic tab The following Traffic statistics are displayed Frame type Test and non test frames Traffic type Layer 2 and Layer 3 Unicast Broadcast...

Page 204: ...et pause flow control frames BERT Results Frames Go back to top Go back to TOC Traffic Type tab The following Traffic distribution statistics are displayed in Count and Percentage Layer 2 3 Unicast fr...

Page 205: ...ults Frame Size Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 3 2 5 Rates Rates tab Rate statistics are displayed in a graph format Tap on either gauge to see rate details in table form The table shows transmitted...

Page 206: ...Maximum Variation Current Interframe delay variation BERT Results Delay Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 3 2 7 Alarms Alarms tab The following Alarms Current and Total are displayed LOS Loss of Signal...

Page 207: ...by the SFP or XFP transceiver Page 1 displays the level measurement in dBm for the optical signal Loss of Signal LOS and the Saturation level for optical signals are shown graphically including the le...

Page 208: ...gnal Offset Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the rate of the input signal Min ppm Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum deviation detected in the inp...

Page 209: ...ccepted in the test and measurement industry for network performance testing The RFC 2544 test suite consists of and performs a set of four automated tests throughput latency frame loss and burst or b...

Page 210: ...cribed in the BERT application Refer to the Header Settings section of the BERT application for more information RFC 2544 setup options are listed below Profile Encapsulation Type Test Frame Type MAC...

Page 211: ...ntheses reflects the actual frame size transmitted For example one VLAN tag adds 4 bytes to the frame size therefore a 64B frame becomes a 68 byte frame Add frame The user can add two additional user...

Page 212: ...nabled The following parameters must be configured before running the RFC 2544 conformance test suite Throughput tab Max Rate Up to 100 of the negotiated line rate The default value is 1000 ULR Mbps T...

Page 213: ...erformed for each test frame size Repetitions 1 to 100 The default value is 1 This is the amount of times that the latency test will be repeated for each test frame size RFC 2544 Setup Latency Setting...

Page 214: ...ate for a given minimum and maximum burst duration The user may configure this rate as a of the total line rate or in Mbps For example if the user configures the Max Rate to be 90 and the negotiated l...

Page 215: ...uite can be started To loop up the far end unit with the manual mode loop up down commands configure the control settings mode to manual Enter the MAC and or IP address of the far end unit Send the lo...

Page 216: ...ype Length CRC Payload Total Overhead Line Rate in Mbps Data Rate Payload Payload Total Overhead Line Rate Total Frames Bad Frames Pause Frames Total number of transmitted and received ethernet pause...

Page 217: ...at Graphical Throughput results are displayed in a bar graph form Summary table and test log table display byte size Tx Percentage of test frames transmitted by the unit Rx Percentage of test frames r...

Page 218: ...menu to select the Latency format Graphical Latency results displayed in line graph form Latency us vs Frame size bytes Summary and Test log tables display byte size Latency us Round trip delay latenc...

Page 219: ...RFC 2544 Results Latency Graphical RFC 2544 Results Latency Test Log RFC 2544 Results Latency Jitter Graphical RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 220: ...ge of frames not received Use the drop down menu to select the Frame Loss format Summary and Test log tables display test frame length byte size frame loss from received traffic and rate transmitted G...

Page 221: ...stability back back results are the number of frames successfully transmitted received at the line rate It is displayed in the following formats Summary table Displays Average Frame Count received for...

Page 222: ...Go back to TOC 13 4 4 Advanced SLA Mode Using this test function users are able to verify SLAs while end to end QoS is assessed properly By configuring one primary test stream and up to seven backgrou...

Page 223: ...affic Flow Select from Constant Ramp Burst or Single Burst traffic flow Frame Size Type Fixed or Uniform If uniform is chosen the user will have to input a minimum and maximum frame size Frame Size by...

Page 224: ...n starting stopping the test Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 4 5 Background Results Advanced SLA Mode For information on Global and Per Stream Results in Advanced SLA Mode please refer to Throughput...

Page 225: ...f the test signal to be transmitted in detail The test set offers an automated RFC 2544 test application to perform throughput frame loss and burstability tests in a local remote unit setup The user f...

Page 226: ...stomized frame size Controller Step 7 Steps 8 11 Set up and enable disable tests for the Local unit Step 8 Local Throughput testing setup See the Throughput section for a description of menu options S...

Page 227: ...P Address Subnet and Gateway Tap on Next to setup VLAN tags using the drop down menu Step 2 Review configuration selections The option to Start testing or Reconfigure test settings becomes available R...

Page 228: ...the same settings Restart or Save test results become available as right side buttons For more information on saved test results refer to the RXT 1200 platform manual for more information The user is...

Page 229: ...included in RFC 2544 Jitter is a critical parameter for real time voice and video services It is now part of the SAM test suite RFC 2544 validates the service parameters like frame loss throughput and...

Page 230: ...traffic will be appropriately blocked to avoid interference with other services For this test traffic is transmitted at 25 higher than the CIR EIR for a short period of time The test passes if the re...

Page 231: ...on Rate Test on another screen Duration Select the Service Performance Test duration Options are 15min 30min 1hr 2hr 24hr or user defined If user defined is selected input a duration between 1 10000 m...

Page 232: ...tapping the value box For EMIX 1GE only The default value is abceg Tap the zoom magnifying glass icon to define other values Select the values from the drop down lists on the next screen Note Any EMI...

Page 233: ...ollow the setup procedure to configure the remaining Header Settings for V SAM V SAM Setup Services Header Settings V SAM Setup Services EMIX Frame Size Settings V SAM Setup Services MPLS TP Settings...

Page 234: ...best effort basis but may be dropped in the event of congestion within the network The combined CIR and EIR must not exceed the line bandwidth Traffic beyond CIR EIR will be dropped when it enters th...

Page 235: ...001 999 and 1 us 999sec The user can also choose to Disable the FTD threshold evaluation FTD will be measured anyway but the value will not contribute toward passing or failing the service IFDV Maxim...

Page 236: ...trol Peer to Peer Setup Peer to Peer and asymmetric testing via the P2P Setup button is also available Refer to Peer to Peer and Asymmetric Testing section for more information X loop is for looping n...

Page 237: ...If any measured values do not meet the service test parameters set in the Bandwidth and Threshold tabs the test fails IR Mbps Information Rate Measures the average Ethernet frame rate starting at the...

Page 238: ...licing test The test passes if the received traffic rate is at least at the CIR minus the margin allowed by the FLR but does not exceed the allowed CIR EIR Results Config Tests Summary Summary The Sum...

Page 239: ...The service becomes unavailable if more than 50 of the frames are errored or missing in a one second interval Availability is only guaranteed for traffic conforming to the CIR Total RX Frames Total nu...

Page 240: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 241: ...ate measurement This application is very useful in verifying the transport of traffic with different prioritization settings across a network link The test helps verify that the network can handle hig...

Page 242: ...he threshold an event is logged with corresponding time stamp SDT Measurement Enable Disable The Service Disruption Test is triggered based on user established thresholds SDT Measurement Trigger us An...

Page 243: ...s results in pcap format A message displays the name of the saved file located in Files Saved section of the test set The file and can be exported to a PC and analyzed using Wireshark Refer to Files V...

Page 244: ...mber to configure Traffic Flow Select from Constant Ramp Burst or Single Burst traffic flow Frame Size Type Fixed or Uniform If uniform is chosen the user will have to input a minimum and maximum fram...

Page 245: ...s set to 1000 the pause duration will be set to 1000x512 ns Injection Flow The error injection flow determines how the selected errors will be injected The user can select a single error a specific co...

Page 246: ...ummary The summary screen lists the source destination and VLAN information of each stream Tap on the appropriate box of each tab to reconfigure the source destination or VLAN information if desired T...

Page 247: ...Throughput Test Summary VLAN List Throughput Test Summary Port List Throughput Test Summary MPLS List RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 248: ...OAM 2 Select Active from the OAM Mode drop down menu only Active mode can send loop commands 3 Tap on the Loop Control button and select OAM Discover from the Partner Address drop down window to see...

Page 249: ...seen in the Results tab Far End Unit Controlled with Loop Up Down Commands If the far end unit is not manually looped back then it must first receive a loop up command from the control unit before th...

Page 250: ...roundtrip delay jitter frame loss and IP checksum from the ITU T Y 1541 standard Below is a list of IP network QoS class definitions and network performance objectives from Y 1541 U denotes unspecifie...

Page 251: ...e link under test hence the test interface that is configured Utilization of Line Rate For example if we transmit 100Mbps on a 1Gbps interface then the utilization value is 10 or 100Mbps of the total...

Page 252: ...rate and the rate of the input signal Min ppm Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum deviation detected in the input signal Max ppm Indicates the difference between the sta...

Page 253: ...l Current Duration of the current service disruption Total Total accumulated duration of the service disruptions Min Max Minimum and maximum duration of the service disruption events No of Occurrences...

Page 254: ...e Event Type Number of Events and Test Type Throughput Results Global Events The Global Traffic screen displays Frame Type of all streams Traffic Type of all streams Frame size of all streams Throughp...

Page 255: ...ber of transmitted and received Ethernet pause flow control frames Throughput Results Traffic Type Traffic Type tab The following Traffic distribution statistics are displayed in Count and Percentage...

Page 256: ...ception of Rates please refer to Global Aggregate Results Summary Framed rate data rate of bytes total of frames associated with each stream Errors Errors associated with each stream Service Disruptio...

Page 257: ...S Runt frames Number of received frames smaller than 64 bytes containing an invalid FCS Frame Loss Frame Loss OOS Throughput Results Errors per Stream Throughput Results Errors per Stream page 2 Go ba...

Page 258: ...Stream Go back to top Go back to TOC The Per Stream Traffic screen displays the frame type and frame size distribution pertaining to each stream Throughput Results Traffic per Stream Go back to top Go...

Page 259: ...hroughput Results Delay per Stream Throughput Results Round Trip Delay Histogram One Way Delay Results and Histogram Table and Graph Throughput Results Delay per Stream One Way Delay Throughput Result...

Page 260: ...back to TOC The Per Stream Rate screen displays the frame rate and data rate pertaining to each stream Tap on either dial to see rate details Throughput Results Rates per Stream Throughput Results Ra...

Page 261: ...pressing the Save key on the VePAL keypad The results will be saved and named automatically Once the results are saved the user may view or rename the results file by going to Home Files Saved Please...

Page 262: ...back to TOC 13 7 1 OAM Setup 13 7 1 1 Link Level 802 3ah OAM Setup 802 3ah functions include Discovery Link Performance Monitoring Remote loopback Fault detection Link OAM Setup 802 3ah OAM Tap on th...

Page 263: ...k If no OAM PDU is received after 5 seconds Discovery is restarted The device can be configured in Active or Passive mode combinations OAM Mode Acceptable Active Passive Combinations Notice that each...

Page 264: ...the format of the Maintenance Association name VID User configurable ASCII character string String User configurable ASCII character string 2 octet 2 octet integer ICC Based User configurable ITU T Y...

Page 265: ...ntermediate Points MEPs are at the edge of the network They can generate and respond to OAM messages A point to point EVC has only 2 MEPs a multi point EVC has multiple MEPs MIPs are located between t...

Page 266: ...ess Start next to the desired service NOT the green start button which initiates Throughput testing CCM testing is initiated by selecting Enable from a drop down menu Details on individual test parame...

Page 267: ...if 3 3ms interval is used Continuity Check Message CCM RDI Flags added in CCM Messages indicates loss of continuity in the remote direction CCM Message Format CCM Configuration Parameters CCM Enable D...

Page 268: ...figure in the range of 16 1 048 575 labels 0 15 are reserved Note Composed of 20 bits which allows for the creation of over one million labels CoS Enter the Classes of Service TTL Enter the Time to Li...

Page 269: ...mat Loopback Message LBM LBR LBM Loopback Message are unicast messages transmitted on demand to a destination MAC address A destination address responds with an LBR Loopback Reply Message LBM Diagram...

Page 270: ...he LTM LBM This field is only used if Destination is set to MAC If destination is set to MEP this field is ignored Messages Enter the number of Loopback messages to be sent LBM test only TTL Enter the...

Page 271: ...Counter for in profile data frames transmitted towards peer MEP RxFCf Counter for in profile data frames received from peer MEP Single ended ETH LM On demand OAM MEP sends LMM frame Unicast DA or Mult...

Page 272: ...irection Link Events Remote Loopback MIB Retrieval and MTU Size OAM Link Discovery Page 2 Vendor SPI and OUI Organization Unique identifier and Vendor specific information similar to MAC address field...

Page 273: ...onds Unique and Duplicate Events are Threshold crossing events not supported in the current test set release Number of Loopback Control frames Variable Request and Response are MIB query messages not...

Page 274: ...rval Alarm A fault alarm is triggered if a defect is present for a time period of 10s The fault alarm is cleared if a defect condition is not present for a time period of 10s OAM Service LBM OAM LBM R...

Page 275: ...e indicated how many hops have been traversed Flags If set indicates that only MAC addresses learned in a Bridge s Filtering Database and not information saved in the MIP CCM Database is to be used to...

Page 276: ...es transmitted Average Delay Average round trip delay over the number of delay samples Average Variation Average round trip delay variation over the number of delay samples Last Delay Last round trip...

Page 277: ...wo 10 100 1000 Base T ports Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 8 1 Setup Select a Pass Through Monitor mode from the Test Mode menu Refer to Test Port Selection for instructions on selecting Ethernet te...

Page 278: ...and 4 subfilters are available for setup Advanced Monitoring Setup Filter Setting Up a Filter 1 Select a filter tab 2 Tap the Enable checkbox to enable the filter 3 Optional Tap on the Filter Name box...

Page 279: ...Enable Disable status of all filters Advanced Monitoring Setup Summary Results Advanced Monitoring Results Global The Global tab displays a summary of all filters and information on incoming frames su...

Page 280: ...ecksum Error Advanced Monitoring Results Pass Through Result The Pass Through Result tab records the same measurements featured in the Throughput application Refer to the following sections in Through...

Page 281: ...rce addresses for Layer 2 or MAC and IP destination and source addresses for Layer 3 All incoming frames with CRC errors will be dropped similar to what an Ethernet switch does All broadcast and multi...

Page 282: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 283: ...ers them based on VLAN ID configuration providing key traffic metrics such as frame type rates and errors and alarms VLAN Scan While traffic is being received press the green Scan button The Results t...

Page 284: ...next to a parameter to only receive traffic that matches this criteria For descriptions of each parameter please see Setup for Throughput Testing Multiple Streams Press Results Monitor tab to monitor...

Page 285: ...packets to Ethernet test ports The packet capture format is compatible with Wireshark and can be viewed on a PC Configure the following Capture Mode parameters Profile Drop down selections are Default...

Page 286: ...om the unit are captured MAC and IP Only traffic frames matching the MAC and IP source and destination addresses are captured UDP and TCP Only TCP Only UDP or both TCP UDP are captured Press the green...

Page 287: ...ement in the TX300S MTTplus RXT 1200 or UX400 platform manuals for instructions on viewing and exporting files The Packet Capture results screen is divided into three parts with all details of the cap...

Page 288: ...ured from this menu Tap on the green Start button to begin Autoscripting The soft LED light indicates the status of finished tests Green No error or alarm was detected Red An error or alarm was detect...

Page 289: ...P tests network transparency to Layer 2 Control Protocols by transmitting a number of preselected L2 control protocol frames from Test set A and making sure that they are received on Test set B throug...

Page 290: ...unit is selected as a transmitter the option to Automatically Loop Up Down becomes available Receive Unit is setup to only Receive L2CP frames Loopback Unit loops incoming L2CP frames at Layer 1 L2CP...

Page 291: ...t set L2CP Transparency Test Transmitter Step 3 Step 4 Configure the VLAN Tag s that will be used for the test frames VLAN can be disabled or enabled with up to 3 tags L2CP Transparency Test Transmitt...

Page 292: ...type has not been selected for the test Packet capture green PCAP Start button can run simultaneoulsy with the test Stopping packet capture automatically names and saves results in pcap format A messa...

Page 293: ...gs up the Remote Partner Control Tool Input the MAC destination VLAN tags VLAN ID and Priority Press the Loop Up button to send a loop up command to the selected remote unit Loop Control L2CP Loopback...

Page 294: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC 13 15 IP Monitoring RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 295: ...se see BERT Results IP and Traffic buttons located in the Application tab display IP and Traffic measurements respectively To perform Trace Route testing located in Net Wiz Trace Route select an IP ad...

Page 296: ...Net Wiz Trace Route Setup Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 297: ...d the PESQ Server software and can be saved and retrieved for future reference and benchmarking VeEX PESQ Server Specifications The VeEX PESQ sever can be installed on any PC server hardware SIP confi...

Page 298: ...etailed connection report is also generated Voice Quality Trend Analysis Post processing tools allow trending analysis over time Procedure Place VoIP to PESQ Server RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A...

Page 299: ...Upstream Roundtrip and Average voice quality measurement is displayed Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 300: ...tor s SAN extension solution DWDM networks are perfect for transporting high density high bandwidth SAN applications over short distances while SDH SONET OTN networks are often used for longer distanc...

Page 301: ...e to receive the R_RDY frame because of signal propagation delay The standard practice for a 1Gbps Fibre Channel link is to allow 1 buffer credit for each 2km of distance Go back to top Go back to TOC...

Page 302: ...Point to Point mode only two ports are used connected by a fiber optic link The transmitter of each port is connected directly to the receiver of the opposite port There is no ambiguity in addressing...

Page 303: ...ability to test 1 2 4 8 and 10 and 16 Gigabit Fibre Channel 1 2 4 8G Fiber Channel The unit verifies the 8B 10B PCS Layer with a basic primitive set at FC 1 or FC 2 lower layers 10G Fiber Channel The...

Page 304: ...ical and optical characteristics needed to connect ports This level is in the FC PH standard Signaling Media specifications Receiver Transmitter specifications FC 1 defines the transmission protocol e...

Page 305: ...ERT Test Frame Setup Profile User Defined Profile or Default setting can be used for testing Test layer FC 1 or FC 2 only Testing at other layers is not supported FC 1 Information is transmitted using...

Page 306: ...head and up to 2112 bytes of payload for a total maximum size of 2148 bytes SOF and EOF A Start of Frame SOF delimiter and End of Frame EOF delimiter mark the beginning and end of each Fibre Channel f...

Page 307: ...2 3 4 are described below Classes 1 2 and 3 are topology independent however Classes 4 and 6 require a Fabric If the Fabric is not present the service is provided as a special case of point to point...

Page 308: ...code value of 0x42 indicating EOF Terminate The EOFt indicates that the Sequence associated with this SEQ_ID is complete EOFt is used to properly close a Sequence without error EOF_n Contains a code...

Page 309: ...st the resilience of the receiver Clock Data Recovery CDR and its tolerance to signals with jitter Go back to top Go back to TOC FC 2 Payload test patterns Layer 2 Compliant test patterns are modified...

Page 310: ...oose a PRBS that is closest to the nature of the data you will be passing through your network Patterns between 211 1 and 231 1 such as 215 1 and 223 1 offer good gradual steps in difficulty that allo...

Page 311: ...s further subdivided into the ROUTING field bits 31 28 and the INFORMATION field bits 27 24 D_ID Address Identifier Destination Identifier is a three byte field Word 0 Bits 23 0 that contains the addr...

Page 312: ...by the Originator of the Exchange Each Exchange is assigned an identifier unique to the Originator or Originator Responder pair Responder Exchange_ID RX_ID The Responder Exchange_ID is a two byte fiel...

Page 313: ...ill be injected The user can select a single error injection or a specific count Count When Count is selected configure the error count via the numeric pop up keypad FC BERT FC Throughput Error Inject...

Page 314: ...easurements Start button Click to start the measurement Laser button Can be turned On or Off to make adjustments to the fiber patch cord etc TX Start button Activate the Transmitter to initiate the BE...

Page 315: ...a bit error or disparity error occurring in a primitive sequence or Ordered Set FCS CRC Number of frames with either a bad or missing CRC or Frame Check Sequence Oversize Number of Oversize frames re...

Page 316: ...the Link has transitioned to a Loss of Signal state in the measurement interval Generally loss of optical signal LOSync Number of times the Link has transitioned to a Loss of Sync state in the measur...

Page 317: ...e test Last Last SDT measured during the test Min Max Minimum and maximum SDT measured during the test No of Occurrences Number of service disruption events SDTs No of SDT Violations Number of instanc...

Page 318: ...t frames in BER mode Traffic type Class of service set by the SOF delimiter Frame size FC 1 mode the frame size is determined by the test sequence being used FC 2 mode the frame size corresponds to th...

Page 319: ...anding the transmitting FC_Port uses the BB_Credit_CNT BB Credits Used The number of unacknowledged or outstanding frames awaiting R_RDY responses from the directly attached FC_Port BB Credits Availab...

Page 320: ...y or Latency is the round trip delay experienced by a frame as it traverses the fiber link or network The difference between the transmitted time and received time is the measured delay Indicates the...

Page 321: ...Frame rates and Data rates FC BERT FC Throughput Frame Rate Summary Go back to top Go back to TOC Frame Rate Details Tabular representation of the Transmitted and Received frames and the correspondin...

Page 322: ...aturation level for optical signals is shown graphically including the level measurement in dBm FC BERT FC Throughput Signal Level Page 1 Optical Information Page 2 Page 2 displays the Optical module...

Page 323: ...its to verify 1Gbps 2Gbps 4Gbps 8Gbps and 10Gbps SAN networks The automated RFC 2544 test routine analysis ensures repeatable installations Check buffer parameters needed to achieve desired Service Le...

Page 324: ...sed to capture packets to Fiber Channel test ports The packet capture format is compatible with Wireshark and can be viewed on a PC The following packet capture options are available in the Capture Mo...

Page 325: ...y to save the file The file is saved under the Files folder on the unit in pcap format The file can be later exported to a PC and analyzed using Wireshark Capture Mode Filter Capture Save Go back to t...

Page 326: ...AB Huawei Technologies Co Ltd NEC Corporation Alcatel Lucent and Nokia Siemens It is an industry cooperation aimed at defining a publicly available specification for the key internal interface of rad...

Page 327: ...for Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel It maps 8 bits of data into a 10 bits symbol each 8 bits can map into 2 possible 10 bit symbols The symbols are chosen so that there is a limit of 5 consecutive...

Page 328: ...Layer 2 Monitor Available CPRI test rates vary depending on the test platform and module but may include the following CPRI line bit rate option 1 614 4 Mbit s CPRI line bit rate option 2 1228 8 Mbit...

Page 329: ...ack to top Go back to TOC 15 3 1 Setup The Setup page has four tabs for setting up test parameters Signal Measurements General and SDT tabs Signal Tab Signal Hierarchy CPRI Speed Selection from 614 4M...

Page 330: ...t Offset The clock for the transmitter is derived from internal clock generator It can change the offset while measurements are running Use numeric key to increase and decrease the frequency shift up...

Page 331: ...days After programming the start time and duration press the Startbutton and the test will be activated automatically when the programmed start time is reached Interval Save Results Auto Save and Aut...

Page 332: ...section under the SDT tab Testing Process The test set measures how long the event remains present after it is first recognized and will continue to measure the total service disruption time in the ev...

Page 333: ...0 to 10000 ms The Gate Time is not included in the service disruption time calculation 3 Select the type of errors alarms from the CPRI and BERT tabs that will trigger the SDT test 4 Press the Start b...

Page 334: ...Injection CPRI LOS Loss of Signal CPRI LOF Loss of Framing Alarm Flow Continuous Generates a continuous alarm when the button is tapped Count Specific count for 0 1s 1s 10s 100s when button is tapped...

Page 335: ...ignal hierarchy interface payload and pattern selected The soft LED blocks have a tricolor function Green No error or alarm is present Red An error or alarm condition is detected and is currently pres...

Page 336: ...rror K30 7 Control word K30 7 detection LOF Loss of framing seconds detected if invalid Z 0 0 sync byte is received Alarms and Errors Page 2 Go back to top Go back to TOC Errors Alarms Page 3 BERT Pag...

Page 337: ...between the standard rate and the rate of the input signal Min ppm Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum deviation detected in the input signal Max ppm Indicates the diffe...

Page 338: ...Page 4 Go back to top Go back to TOC Histogram The Histogram tab a historical record of the Alarms and Errors recorded during the measurement interval A dedicated Page is available for CRPI and BERT...

Page 339: ...es to display the anomaly of interest Graph Go back to top Go back to TOC Event Log The Event Log tab brings up the screen listing the Error and Alarm events recorded during a test The events are pres...

Page 340: ...s log indicating SD start time 1 ms resolution or better disruption time and Pass Fail evaluation This table gets populated as new disruptions are detected and measured Last SDT The duration of the la...

Page 341: ...an be fiber optics or logical triggered inside network elements The test can be configured to run a single measurement Repeat OFF if the total delay is not expected to change over time or Repeat ON to...

Page 342: ...5 4 1 Setup Setup Menu Configure the following Signal Hierarchy CPRI Rate selection from 614 4 Mbps to 10 137 Gbps Check with SFP manufacturer specifications to make sure rates are supported Available...

Page 343: ...umeric key to increase and decrease the frequency shift up to 0 01ppm Frequency offset 50ppm with 1 0 1 0 01ppm resolution Atomic 10MHz The built in Atomic Clock hardware option can provide highly sta...

Page 344: ...ol word or channel disabled OFF Ethernet Channel disabled ON Ethernet Channel enabled configure Ethernet pointer location from 20 to 63 Note Auto negotiation can be used for Master Slave to negotiate...

Page 345: ...esults Auto Save and Auto Server Upload is available in all modes Depending on the V300 unit and test module installed Interval Save will appear as Results Auto Save Interval Save or Results Auto Save...

Page 346: ...Service Disruption Test SDT A service disruption is triggered by any qualifying error or alarm determined by the user and continues to count until the error free condition Gate Time is met If SDT is...

Page 347: ...n the Control bytes for L1 inband protocol RLOS Remote Loss of Signal is transmitted in the Control bytes for L1 inband protocol RLOF Remote Loss of Framing is transmitted in the Control bytes for L1...

Page 348: ...The soft LED blocks on screen are arranged logically and will depend on signal hierarchy interface payload and pattern selected The soft LED blocks have a tricolor function Green No error or alarm is...

Page 349: ...asic Frame NodeB frame synchronization seconds SDI Service Defect Indication is detected in the Control bytes for L1 inband protocol RAI Remote Alarm Indication is detected in the Control bytes for L1...

Page 350: ...ffset is measured and displayed Offset Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the rate of the input signal Min ppm Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum de...

Page 351: ...s the Optical module SFP or XFP information which includes Vendor name Part number and Optical Wavelength Signal Optical Information Page 4 Page 4 displays the Optical module SFP or XFP Power Measurem...

Page 352: ...ors and alarms Histogram Page 1 Go back to top Go back to TOC Graph The Graph tab displays a log of the Errors recorded during the measurement interval A dedicated page is available for each of the er...

Page 353: ...elay round trip T 1 4 Toffset The figure below shows the definition of reference points for delay calibration single hop configuration Round trip delay Measurement procedure 1 Slave Side Start the tes...

Page 354: ...section for more information on test results Go back to top Go back to TOC 15 4 5 Control Words Display of Control words content in the 64 Subchannels Tap on any subchannel to display Hex and Binary...

Page 355: ...The test set must be set to Slave mode or use the Master s ref Clock Capture up to 5000 Hyperframes CSV IQ or raw frame format Compression gzip format Capture file written directly to USB drive Frame...

Page 356: ...set all optional along with an off line MTIE TDEV analysis software for Windows PC The last three are required for post analysis and standard masks fitting Pass Fail evaluations Clock Wander Phase Me...

Page 357: ...d to the CLK SMA port Avoid using rigid BNC to SMA adapters to prevent any stress on the test set s connector Flexible adapters or cables are recommended Test Mode lets user select between Manual star...

Page 358: ...lysis Standard MTIE and TDEV masks can be selected MTIE and TDEV results and mask export to CSV for further report generation using spreadsheets Direct PDF report generation to USB TIE Results TIE Res...

Page 359: ...sks 6 Press this button to return to the wander measurements screen 7 Once the mask has been selected press Analysis to run the MTIE and or TDEV calculations Depending on the number of samples collect...

Page 360: ...necessary For added convenience the software doesn t need installation and can be stored on and run from the same USB stick where the wander log files are being stored TIE Measurement Results Click o...

Page 361: ...MTIE TDEV Analysis Report in PDF Click on the Report button to generate a copy of the measurement and analysis in PDF format RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 362: ...est results as the test is running Based on current test measurements users can decide to continue with long term testing or change configuration settings The Y scale is auto ranging and displays the...

Page 363: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 364: ...through monitoring or with optical splitters It also offers the following features Troubleshoot protocol interop with Control words display Link status and alarm display Hyperframe capture Go back to...

Page 365: ...ifications to make sure rates are supported Available speed rates will vary depending on the test platform and module The test application button indicated by the 1 and 2 tabs shows the selected CPRI...

Page 366: ...channel disabled Configurable rate 240kb s to 2400 kb s HDLC channel data rate depending on CPRI Link speed Fastest selects the fastest speed rate available 2400 kb s Fast C M Enabled Ethernet channe...

Page 367: ...d the test will be activated automatically when the programmed start time is reached Interval Save Results Auto Save and Auto Server Upload is available in all modes Depending on the V300 unit and tes...

Page 368: ...top Go back to TOC Service Disruption Test SDT A service disruption is triggered by any qualifying error or alarm determined by the user and continues to count until the error free condition Gate Time...

Page 369: ...he soft LED blocks on screen are arranged logically and will depend on signal hierarchy interface payload and pattern selected The soft LED blocks have a tricolor function Green No error or alarm is p...

Page 370: ...for Basic Frame NodeB frame synchronization seconds SDI Service Defect Indication is detected in the Control bytes for L1 inband protocol RAI Remote Alarm Indication is detected in the Control bytes...

Page 371: ...t is measured and displayed Offset Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the rate of the input signal Min ppm Indicates the difference between the standard rate and the minimum deviat...

Page 372: ...raph Histogram showing the fluctuation in RX optical signal level Signal Page 7 Port 1 Go back to top Go back to TOC Histogram The Histogram tab displays a historical record of the Alarms and Errors r...

Page 373: ...og of the Errors recorded during the measurement interval A dedicated page is available for each of the error types Port 1 results are displayed on the left Port 2 results are displayed on the right G...

Page 374: ...rms and Errors events along with corresponding count and duration for each event Event Log 1 refers to Port 1 events while Event Log 2 refers to Port 2 events Event Log 1 Port 1 Event Log 2 Go back to...

Page 375: ...ion on test results Go back to top Go back to TOC 15 5 4 Control Words 1 2 Display of Control words content in the 64 Subchannels Tap on any subchannel to display Hex and Binary value of the contents...

Page 376: ...ing mode the unit captures P1 and P2 simultaneously The following lists Frame capture options Capture up to 5000 Hyperframes CSV or raw frame format Compression gzip format Capture file written direct...

Page 377: ...Go back to top Go back to TOC RXT 3900 e Manual D07 00 111P Rev A00...

Page 378: ...he Profiles menu from the OTN SDH SONET Testing main menu tap on the following icons Advanced Mode Profiles To save a new profile from the PDH or SDH applications mentioned above select the Save as dr...

Page 379: ...efer to the RXT 1200 Platform manual for the following functions IP Tools Ping Trace Route Net Wiz WiFi Wiz Advanced Tools Utilities Files R Server Backlight VeExpress M Upgrade Go back to TOC RXT 390...

Page 380: ...ustomer elects to replace is returned to VeEX Inc by the customer along with proof of purchase within thirty 30 days of the request by the customer freight prepaid Additionally during the warranty per...

Page 381: ...ilable for download in PDF format on the VeEX customer website Please note that Adobe Reader version 9 0 or higher is needed to open and view the file To get the latest free version of Adobe Reader cl...

Page 382: ...and European Free Trade Association EFTA EN61010 1 For a copy of the CE Declaration of Conformity relating to VeEX products please contact VeEX customer service What is RoHS RoHS is the acronym for Re...

Page 383: ...a worldwide distribution channel provides uncompromised product support Visit us online at www veexinc com for latest updates and additional documentation VeEX Incorporated 2827 Lakeview Court Fremont...

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