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Honeywell BENDIX/KING KLN 94, Pilot'S Manual

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Scanning waypoint names  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-23
Scratchpad messages  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-18
Screen organization  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Selected course, See “OBS mode”
Selecting

Approach  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6
DP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-40
IAF  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7
Pages  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
STAR  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-42
Transition (DP / STAR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-41, 6-42
Waypoints  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-21

Self-test page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
SET 1 Initialize position page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-20
SET 2 Date, Time, Mag Var. page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-39, 5-41
SET 3 Database update page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-7
SET 4 Nearest APT criteria page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-28
SET 5 SUA Alerting page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-68
SET 6 SUA types for alert /map  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-66
SET 7 Map data – aeronautical  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-42
SET 8 Map data – land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-44
SET 9 Voltage BUS Alerting page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-20
SET 10 Turn Anticipation page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-11
SET 11 Default 1st character page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16
SET 12 Set units  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-42
SET 13 Altitude Alerting page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7
Simulator (Take-Home mode)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2, 3-72
Sneak Preview of operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii
SNR (signal-to-noise ratio)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-23
Software configuration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inside cover
Software status  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-34
Special use airspace

Alerting  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-66
Map display of  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-42, 3-66
Nearest page  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-30
Types  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-66

STAR (standard terminal arrival route)

Changing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-44
Deleting  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-44
Editing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-43
Example  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-47
Loading  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-42
Selecting  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-42

State abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-1
Step-down fix  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-26

KLN 94 Pilot’s Guide

Index

I-11

Summary of Contents for BENDIX/KING KLN 94

Page 1: ...Pilot s Guide ORS 01 02 and 03 KLN 94 Bendix King GPS Navigation System N ...

Page 2: ...nal Inc All rights reserved Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without the express written permission of Honeywell International Inc is prohibited For fur ther information contact the Manager Technical Publications Honeywell One Technology Center 23500 West 105th Street Olathe Kansas 66061 Telephone 913 782 0400 ...

Page 3: ...ction 3 11 4 7 4 New highway map icons are used for the Atlantic International and Pacific International databases See section 3 11 4 7 5 There is a new message that appears if the database card is removed while the KLN 94 is operational See Appendix B 6 The default value for intersections has been changed from 2NM to OFF on the SET 7 page 7 A software problem was fixed which now allows updating o...

Page 4: ...the operating limitations of this unit IMPORTANT The KLN 94 has two software configuration numbers one for the boot software and one for the application software It may be useful for you to obtain these software configuration numbers to aid maintenance personnel if service is required on your KLN 94 The boot software config uration number is displayed on a label located on the KLN 94 s top cover T...

Page 5: ...Revision History and Instructions Manual KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Revision 2 July 2002 Part Number 006 18207 0000 This revision incorprates software changes for ORS 03 R 1 ...

Page 6: ...Revision History and Instructions Manual KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Revision 1 March 2001 Part Number 006 18207 0000 This revision incorprates software changes for ORS 02 R 2 ...

Page 7: ...R 3 Revision History and Instructions Manual KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Revision 0 September 2000 Part Number 006 18207 0000 This is the original version of this publication ...

Page 8: ...This page intentionally left blank R 4 ...

Page 9: ...f the Database internet 2 8 2 4 3 Card Exchange Updating of the Database 2 8 2 5 User Defined Database 2 9 2 6 Database Update Service Options 2 9 3 Basic GPS Operation 3 1 3 1 Coverage Area 3 1 3 2 Turn on and Self Test 3 1 3 3 Display Format 3 9 3 4 Basic Operation of Panel Controls 3 12 3 4 1 Page Selection 3 12 3 4 2 Data Entry 3 14 3 4 3 The Duplicate Waypoint Page 3 16 3 5 Message Page 3 18 ...

Page 10: ... 3 33 3 10 1 Initiating a Direct To 3 34 3 10 2 Cancelling a Direct To 3 36 3 10 3 Waypoint Alerting for Direct To Operation 3 36 3 11 Navigation Pages 3 37 3 11 1 The Navigation 1 NAV 1 Page 3 37 3 11 2 The Navigation 2 NAV 2 Page 3 39 3 11 3 The Navigation 3 NAV 3 Page 3 40 3 11 4 The Navigation 4 NAV 4 Page Moving Map 3 40 3 11 4 1 Selecting The NAV 4 Map Page 3 40 3 11 4 2 NAV 4 Page Format 3 ...

Page 11: ...APT 5 Page 3 55 3 12 1 6 The Airport 6 APT 6 Page 3 57 3 12 1 7 The Airport 7 APT 7 Page 3 58 3 12 1 8 The Airport 8 APT 8 Page 3 59 3 12 2 VOR Pages 3 60 3 12 2 1 The VOR 1 Page 3 60 3 12 2 2 The VOR 2 Page 3 61 3 12 3 NDB Page 3 61 3 12 3 1 The NDB 1 Page 3 61 3 12 4 Intersection Pages 3 62 3 12 4 1 The Intersection 1 INT 1 Page 3 62 3 12 4 2 The Intersection 2 INT 2 Page 3 63 3 12 5 User Waypoi...

Page 12: ...4 1 1 Creating a Flight Plan 4 1 4 1 2 Viewing Distance and Desired Track Between Stored Flight Plan Waypoints 4 4 4 1 3 Activating a Numbered Flight Plan 4 4 4 1 4 Adding a Waypoint to a Flight Plan 4 5 4 1 5 Deleting a Waypoint from a Flight Plan 4 6 4 1 6 Deleting Flight Plans 4 7 4 1 7 Storing FPL 0 as a Numbered Flight Plan 4 7 4 2 Operating from the Active Flight Plan 4 8 4 2 1 General Proce...

Page 13: ...ined Waypoints 5 9 5 4 1 Creating a Waypoint at Your Present Position 5 10 5 4 2 Creating a Waypoint at a Certain Latitude Longitude 5 11 5 4 3 Creating a Waypoint Referenced from Another Waypoint 5 12 5 5 Navigation Modes 5 14 5 5 1 Selecting the Leg Mode or the OBS mode 5 14 5 5 2 The Leg Mode 5 14 5 5 3 The OBS Mode 5 15 5 5 4 Switching From the Leg Mode to the OBS mode 5 17 5 5 5 Effects of Sw...

Page 14: ... Viewing and Deleting User Waypoints and Waypoint Remarks AUX 12 and AUX 13 pages 5 32 5 11 1 The AUX 12 Page 5 32 5 11 2 The AUX 13 Page 5 33 5 12 Viewing the KLN 94 Software Status AUX14 page 5 34 5 13 The Fuel Management AUX 15 AUX 19 Pages 5 34 5 13 1 The Auxilary 15 AUX 15 Fuel Management Page 5 35 5 13 2 The Auxilary 16 AUX 16 Fuel Management Page 5 36 5 13 3 The Auxilary 17 AUX 17 Fuel Mana...

Page 15: ...6 13 6 2 7 Approach Example 1 No Procedure Turn 6 13 6 2 8 Approach Example 2 Radar Vectors 6 20 6 2 9 Approach Example 3 Course Reversal with Off Airport IAF 6 24 6 2 10 Approach Example 4 Course Reversal with On Airport IAF 6 26 6 2 11 Approach Example 5 DME Arc 6 30 6 2 12 ILS and other Non Approved Approaches 6 35 6 2 13 Using GPS Distance as a Substitute for DME on Localizer type Approaches 6...

Page 16: ...IONS D 2 COUNTRY ABBREVIATIONS D 2 ARTCC ABBREVIATIONS D 8 OTHER ABBREVIATIONS USED ON KLN 94 PAGES D 17 APPENDIX E LAT LON CONVERSIONS E 1 APPENDIX F GPS PRIMER F 1 BACKGROUND F 1 GPS POSITION DETERMINING CONCEPT F 1 GPS DATA SIGNALS F 1 GPS SYSTEM SEGMENTS F 2 RAIM F 3 GPS XPRESS CARD 8 CHANNEL RECEIVER F 3 APPENDIX G OPERATIONAL COMPARISON WITH KLN 89B G 1 Table of Contents TOC 8 ...

Page 17: ...it assumes you are not an experienced user of GPS or other type of long range navigation equipment If you are experienced so much the better This Pilot s Guide also includes hundreds of sample screen fig ures and other illustrations to make your learning easier It is designed so that you can start at the front and progress in the order presented howev er you may want to skip around and learn thing...

Page 18: ...e unit runs a self test If the unit is in the Take Home mode a Take Home page is displayed Press the F button to acknowledge the Take Home mode Afterwards the Self test Page is displayed If the KLN 94 is receiving an altitude from an encoding altimeter the present indicated altitude will be displayed on line 2 The bottom line should display Pass with the cursor over a flashing Ok Press the F but t...

Page 19: ...r areas of the world the airport identifier should be entered identically to how it is charted 8 Rotate the right inner knob until the first character of the airport identi fier is displayed Turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to move the flashing segment to the second character position Rotate the right inner knob to select the second character of the identifier Use this procedure to ent...

Page 20: ...irect To operation 3 10 2 Change between distance and desired track display on a numbered flight plan page 4 1 2 Change between distance ETE ETA and desired track on the FPL 0 page 4 2 5 Change course modes 5 5 Change or delete an entire DP or STAR procedure from the active flight plan 6 3 3 Change the baro setting 5 1 Change the CDI scale factor 5 6 Change the default first waypoint character 3 4...

Page 21: ...ter the D Bar by going direct to the active waypoint 3 10 1 Replace an existing approach or delete an approach 6 2 5 Select a DP 6 3 1 Select a STAR 6 3 2 Select a VOR or NDB by navaid name 3 8 3 Select a waypoint by identifier from a waypoint page 3 8 1 Select a waypoint by scanning 3 8 2 Select an airport by scanning the airport name 3 8 3 Select an approach 6 2 3 Set the alarm 5 10 7 Set the da...

Page 22: ...NI 582 OR COMPATIBLE AIR DATA COMPUTER LEFT RIGHT D BAR SELECTED COURSE RMI ı N S E W 33 3 0 24 21 15 1 2 6 3 A D F N 3 3 3 0 W 2 4 2 1 S 1 5 1 2 E 6 3 A D F A D F NAV NAV B G KX 155A TSO COMM NAV CHAN PULL TEST PULL IDENT STBY MODE STBY PULL OBS TIMER PULL 25K KX 155A or KX 165A QuickTune EHSI OR KI 825 KMD 550 850 MFDs AND OTHER MOVING MAP DISPLAYS ALT HDG NAV APR AP GS ALT HDG NAV APR BC AP ENG...

Page 23: ... s and HSI s In addition the NAV mode of the Bendix King KAP 140 KFC 150 KAP 150 KAP 150H KAP 100 KFC 200 KAP 200 KFC 225 KFC 250 KFC 275 KFC 300 and KFC 325 flight control systems may be coupled to the KLN 94 ORS 03 and higher KLN 94 units have a DC roll steering output capable of interfacing with all KFC 225 and some versions of KAP 140 flight control systems Many other autopilots may also be co...

Page 24: ...c tion 5 7 Whether there are Communication and Navigation radios interfaced with the QuickTune feature which allows tuning of the radio from the KLN 94 See section 3 15 The configuration information is stored both in the module and in the KLN 94 internal memory If the KLN 94 detects a difference between the configuration stored in the module and the configuration stored in the internal memory whic...

Page 25: ...KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 1 System Components 1 3 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 26: ... 45 30 15 0 15 30 45 60 75 60 45 30 15 0 15 30 45 60 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 Pacific Database coverage area Overlap in Pacific Atlantic Database coverage areas Atlantic Database coverage area Americas Database coverage area Figure 2 1 KLN 94 Database Geographical Region ...

Page 27: ... that is displayed on the color moving map display It is a great aid in providing situational awareness to the pilot 2 2 DATABASE CONTENTS AND COVERAGE AREAS There are three database coverage areas available for the KLN 94 They are referred to as the Americas database the Atlantic International database and the Pacific International database The International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO and A...

Page 28: ... Clearance delivery Tower Ground control Unicom Multicom Approach IFR Departure IFR Class B Class C TRSA CTA TMA VFR Center when used for approach Arrival Radar Director AWOS automatic weather observing station ASOS automatic surface observation system AAS aeronautical advisory service AFIS aerodrome flight information service ATF aerodrome traffic frequency CTAF common traffic advisory frequency ...

Page 29: ...non precision and precision approaches Includes all pub lic GPS only approaches Only those non precision approaches designated on the Airport 8 page with GPS may be used to actually exe cute an approach with the KLN 94 Miscellaneous Air Route Traffic Control Center ARTCC and FIR frequencies Flight Service Stations location of points of communication and associat ed frequencies Minimum Safe Altitud...

Page 30: ...Selecting Waypoints by Name or City Incidentally you can program the KLN 94 to default to a certain letter such as K when you are entering a waypoint identifier See section 3 4 2 Data Entry to learn about this handy feature Not all airport identifiers receive the prefix letter Airport identifiers which are combinations of letters and numbers do not apply to the prefix rule Examples of airport iden...

Page 31: ...and third methods involve electronically updating the data base by using an IBM compatible personal computer to update the internal memory directly via an interface cable that plugs into the data port on the front of the KLN 94 Method two utilizes Honeywell supplied 3 5 inch diskettes with the PC The diskettes are not returned to Honeywell Method three allows for acquiring the update data from the...

Page 32: ...The first time the diskettes are used in an update operation a unique identification code from the KLN 94 being used is uploaded to the diskettes These diskettes may be used in this specific KLN 94 an unlimited number of times which could be required if you switch back and forth between the Americas Atlantic and Pacific databases during one update cycle These diskettes may not however be used to u...

Page 33: ...e shown in figure 2 2 7 Press F to acknowledge the estimated load time and begin the erasing of the existing database The unit will now display Erasing database After the database has been erased the loading of the new data automat ically begins As the new data is being loaded the percentage of transfer is displayed figure 2 5 8 The KLN 94 will indicate when the database update is complete as show...

Page 34: ...TERNET ORS 02 AND HIGHER UNITS ONLY Updates from the Internet can be obtained directly by logging onto the Honeywell Internet site www gpsdatabase com and following the instruc tions provided for setting up an account and for doing the update You may also call the following telephone numbers to set up an account 800 247 0230 913 712 3145 2 4 3 CARD EXCHANGE UPDATING OF THE DATABASE Having the fron...

Page 35: ...ry that is used to keep alive the user defined database as well as flight plans This battery has a typi cal life of three to five years It is highly recommended that the battery be replaced every three years at an authorized Honeywell Service Center 2 6 DATABASE UPDATE SERVICE OPTIONS The following tear out page can be used for ordering Americas Atlantic International and Pacific International dat...

Page 36: ...Chapter 2 Data Base 2 10 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 37: ...SS MAIL PERMIT NO 121 OLATHE KANSAS POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Fold here NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC M D66 NAVIGATION SERVICES 23500 W 105 STREET OLATHE KS 66061 Tape here ...

Page 38: ...KLN 94 will begin alerting you after 28 days that your data base is out of date Send to Honeywell Mail Drop 66 Navigation Services 23500 W 105th Street Olathe KS 66061 Phone 913 712 3145 Fax 913 712 3904 Toll Free 800 247 0230 E mail nav database honeywell com www gpsdatabase com Check One Complete Update Service Provides 13 updates one every 28 days for one year Six time Update Service Provides s...

Page 39: ...KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 3 Basic GPS Operation This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 40: ...Chapter 3 Basic GPS Operation GPS PROC KLN 94 TSO CRSR PULL SCAN PUSH ON ENT CLR MSG NRST ALT OBS ı D RNG MNU BRT 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 10 11 12 13 15 14 16 Figure 3 1 KLN 94 Controls ...

Page 41: ...button Used to initiate Direct To operation 9 Clear button Used to delete data from a data field Also used to back up to a previous step in some instances such as selecting approaches STARs DPs 10 Enter button Used to approve or acknowledge data 11 Cursor button Used to turn the cursor on and off 12 Range button Used to change the map scale if the map page Nav 4 page is being displayed Used to sel...

Page 42: ......

Page 43: ...ase geographical regions 3 2 TURN ON AND SELF TEST Well it s time to get down to business and actually use the KLN 94 Figure 3 1 can be folded out and used as a reference during the following procedures This is especially handy if you re learning while away from your GPS The steps below take a lot of words to explain but before you know it you will be flying through them NOTE When power is applied...

Page 44: ...RS level indi cated on the cover of this Pilot s Guide NOTE If the temperature is very cold when the KLN 94 is turned on a Warm Up screen is displayed after the Power On screen Line 4 will dis play the approximate time the Warm Up screen will be displayed prior to automatically changing to the Power On screen The E button may be pressed to bypass the Warm Up screen but the display may be extremely...

Page 45: ...faced with a NAV indicator such that the KLN 94 can read the selected course from the NAV indicator then the OBS field should display the same selected course as on the NAV indica tor The RMI field always displays 130 degrees If the KLN 94 is connect ed to a compatible RMI in the aircraft the RMI should indicate a bearing to the station of 130 degrees If any of the above checks fail do not use the...

Page 46: ...ld figure 3 8 Rotate the right inner knob until the correct day of the month is displayed figure 3 9 Then move the cursor to the month field by rotating the outer knob one click clockwise and change the month as necessary Use the same methods to select the cor rect year figure 3 10 When the date is correct press F 6 Verify that the time displayed in the upper right corner of the Initialization pag...

Page 47: ...Standard Time UTC 11 SDT Samoa Daylight Time UTC 10 LCL Local Time Zone user defined You will be able to change the time zone any time you desire on sev eral other pages so don t worry if you re not sure which time zone to choose UTC Coordinated Universal Time also called Zulu is always a safe choice The local time zone LCL is selected on the SET 2 page and is defined to be a certain time offset f...

Page 48: ...t s say Omaha Eppley KOMA move the cursor to the WPT field and use the right inner knob to select a K as the first character of the identifier figure 3 15 Move the cursor to the right one character and select an O and then right again to select an M The final A should be filled in by the data base figure 3 16 When you press F the latitude and longi tude fields will change to those of KOMA figure 3...

Page 49: ...displays the date that the land database was created The land database has no expiration date and new data is available approximately once a year Press F to acknowledge the information on the Database page The first time the KLN 94 is turned on after a new database card was inserted it takes approximately seven minutes to download data from the card to internal memory During this time the Database...

Page 50: ... to depart the airport communication frequencies for that airport will auto matically be displayed for you Next you may want to check the NAV 2 page to see your present position Use the right outer knob to select the NAV page type and then the right inner knob if necessary to select the NAV 2 page It is quite likely that the present position will be dashed at first figure 3 22 It takes the KLN 94 ...

Page 51: ...27 The third line of segment 1 displays the desired track DTK when the KLN 94 is in the LEG mode its normal mode of operation DTK is the course to the active waypoint the aircraft should be flying The DTK value will flash if the course selected on the external CDI or HSI differs from the desired track by more than 10 degrees When the KLN 94 is in OBS mode of operation the OBS course is displayed o...

Page 52: ... blue background In figure 3 27 the NAV 1 Navigation 1 page is being displayed in segment 2 and is annunciated as such on the segment 3 page bar You might think of the page types as the chapters in a book and the page numbers as the pages within a chapter Just as a chapter in a book may have from one to many pages a KLN 94 page type may have from one to 26 pages associated with it There are for ex...

Page 53: ...s to final approach has been loaded into the active flight plan but not yet activated and a green VTF when the vectors to final approach has been activated see section 6 2 8 Lines four and five display if the unit is in either the approach arm APR ARM or approach active APR ACTV modes see section 6 2 1 The KLN 94 may also be configured at the time of installation to display termi nal TERM and appr...

Page 54: ...lete or change data on the screen by first pressing the B but ton to turn the cursor function on and bring the cursor on the screen The right knobs are then used to enter or change data When the cursor is turned on the page bar changes to only show the actual page being displayed in the middle with CRSR on either side In some cases the cursor will flash to indicate that the F button must be presse...

Page 55: ... knob clockwise three clicks Let s use an example to make sure you understand You are presently viewing the APT 2 page and you wish to view the NAV 3 page Rotating the right outer knob six clicks clockwise will display the NAV page that you KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 3 Basic GPS Operation 3 13 Chapter Name Page Range Page Type Page Functions APT 1 8 Airport Directory of published airports VOR 1 ...

Page 56: ...ct the desired page you re ready to learn the means of entering data It is necessary to enter data for exam ple in order to specify a waypoint of your choice to go Direct To The general procedure for entering a waypoint identifier is described below and is shown in figures 3 35 through 3 43 for entering a waypoint in this case First Flight airport in North Carolina identifier KFFA on the Auxiliary...

Page 57: ... for the waypoint identifier you just entered figure 3 42 8 Verify the waypoint information displayed and then press F again to approve the waypoint page The display will return to the page previously displayed figure 3 43 Often you will find yourself entering airports that begin with the same character over and over again In section 2 3 you learned how the KLN 94 uses ICAO identifiers which means...

Page 58: ...e That is more than one waypoint has the same identifier When a waypoint identifier has been entered which is not unique to a single way point a Duplicate Waypoint page appears on the screen The Duplicate Waypoint page is then used to select which of the waypoints having the same identifier is actually desired The waypoint identifier is displayed on the top left of the page Below the identifier is...

Page 59: ...waypoint listed On the screen in figure 3 49 the NDB in SC USA is closest to the aircraft s present position since it is listed first If there are more than four duplicates view the rest of the choices by rotat ing the right outer knob clockwise Doing so will move the flashing cursor over waypoints two three and four and then will cause the waypoint list to scroll so that the other waypoints in th...

Page 60: ...ears first and the rest in reverse chronological order 2 After reading the message press C again to return to the page pre viously in view If all of the messages cannot be displayed on one Message page repeated presses of C will show the other mes sages before returning to normal operation If a message condition exists which requires a specific action by you the message prompt will remain on but w...

Page 61: ... your present position The Self Test Initialization and Database pages should be approved 2 The aircraft must be located such that the GPS antenna has an unob structed view of the sky so that required satellite signals are not being blocked If possible position the aircraft away from hangars or other obstructions 3 It is very helpful for the KLN 94 to have the correct time date and position to be ...

Page 62: ...or a C in Canada If there are numbers in the identifier then a prefix is not used Outside the contiguous U S Alaska and Canada use the airport identifiers as they are charted 3 Once you have entered the com plete identifier press F The display will change to the way point page for the waypoint you entered figure 3 58 4 If this is the waypoint you intended to enter press F again The display will ch...

Page 63: ...er waypoints Waypoints in the published database fall into one of the first four types You can create up to 500 user waypoints to supple ment the waypoints in the database see section 5 4 to create a user waypoint There are three methods you may use to select a specific waypoint for viewing You may enter the waypoint s identifier directly you may scan through the waypoint identifiers in alphabetic...

Page 64: ... data base which matches what you ve entered so far in this case Hall Airport in Kaufman Texas Go ahead and experiment a little bit 4 Use the right outer knob to move the cursor to the second charac ter and then select an O with the right inner knob figure 3 64 5 Use the same process to select an R and then a D figure 3 65 You are now viewing the APT 1 page for KORD The KLN 94 feature of filling i...

Page 65: ...b to the out position The SCAN annunciator will appear figure 3 69 3 Turn the right inner knob clockwise to scan through the waypoints in alphabetical order or counterclockwise to scan in reverse alphabetical order Remember that numbers are considered lower in order than letters Thus the airport identifier KA2 comes before KAAF NOTE The faster you turn the knob while scanning the larger the step t...

Page 66: ...AF figure 3 72 Purdue University in Lafayette IN among others 3 8 3 SELECTING WAYPOINTS BY NAME OR CITY When you know the identifier of the desired waypoint you will use one of the two methods just described to select it However what if you know the name but you don t know the identifier of your desired waypoint You re in luck because the KLN 94 will allow you to enter the first few characters of ...

Page 67: ...n and its identifier ANX 7 Turn off the cursor B so you can view other pages We will now use another example to show how we may enter a few char acters and then scan through all the waypoints in the database beginning with those characters Let s use this method to find Newport News airport in Newport News VA To select an airport by scanning the airport name 1 With the cursor off and the right inne...

Page 68: ...F NOTE This same method may be used with the name of the city where the airport is located There are a few changes made to names in order to accommodate the KLN 94 display and to make the names easier to find 1 Names which are too long to fit on the display are abbreviated The first six characters are usually exactly correct but the following are exceptions North Northern East Eastern etc uses N E...

Page 69: ...APT Airports VOR VORs NDB NDBs INT Intersections USR User defined waypoints SUA Special Use Airspaces FSS Flight Service Station Frequencies CTR Center Frequencies To select the desired nearest function use the right outer knob to move the cursor to the desired selection and press F Notice that the cursor is initially over the APT field so you may press G then press F imme diately to access the ne...

Page 70: ... is the beginning of the complete list The nearest list can only be reached by scanning back wards It does not wrap around after the last waypoint in the complete list Waypoint pages displayed in the nearest list do not contain a latitude and longitude position as they do in the complete list Instead the bearing and distance to the waypoint or the radial and distance from the waypoint are displaye...

Page 71: ...having a hard surface runway at least 2200 feet in length will be displayed in the nearest airport list 3 9 1 2 Continuous Display of Nearest Airport When the nearest airport page is initially displayed 1 is displayed imme diately to the right of the airport identifier to designate this airport as the nearest airport However if you continue to fly along your flight plan with this page selected the...

Page 72: ...Area TRNG Warning Area WARN Terminal Radar Service Area TRSA The nearest special use airspace feature is constantly keeping track of the 10 nearest areas of SUA within 175 NM of the aircraft s present position Pressing the G button and selecting the SUA option will display the SUA 1 page for the nearest SUA to your location including those which you are inside figure 3 88 Turn to section 3 13 Spec...

Page 73: ... page will be displayed as in figure 3 90 instructing you to press E to see the APT 5 page airport communica tions for the primary airport so that the correct communications frequen cy may be determined To scan through the remainder of the nearest SUA areas pull the right inner knob to the out position and turn it clockwise to view the SUA pages for the second nearest through tenth nearest SUAs NO...

Page 74: ...ies displayed on the nearest FSS page are QuickTuneTM fre quencies When the cursor is positioned over a frequency displayed on this page and the F button is pressed the frequency is automatically inserted into the standby window of a Bendix King KX 155A or KX 165A Nav Comm QuickTuneTM must be enabled in the installation for this to be operational QuickTuneTM is described in section 3 15 3 9 4 VIEW...

Page 75: ...ature when you learn to use flight plans in section 4 2 2 If the KLN 94 is displaying the NAV 4 page and the right inner knob is in the out position then the waypoint highlighted in the lower right hand corner of the NAV 4 map display will be the default waypoint You will also find this feature useful when operating from the active flight plan especially during approaches with the KLN 94 OR 3 If t...

Page 76: ... s identifier in this case a K figure 3 96 Remember to enter the K C or P prefix for certain airports in North America if required see section 2 3 ICAO Identifiers 3 Turn the right outer knob one click clockwise to move the flashing portion of the cursor over the second character posi tion figure 3 97 4 Rotate the right inner knob to select the second character of the identifier figure 3 98 5 Use ...

Page 77: ... the screen figure 3 102 using one of the three procedures explained in section 3 8 2 Press D The Direct To page is displayed and it contains the desired waypoint identifier fig ure 3 103 3 Press F The display will revert to the NAV 1 page with the selected waypoint as the Direct To waypoint NOTE There are additional means of more efficiently initiating Direct To operation when operating from a fl...

Page 78: ...E to blank out the way point identifier field figure 3 104 3 Press F 3 10 3 WAYPOINT ALERTING FOR DIRECT TO OPERATION The purpose of waypoint alerting is to notify you that you are approaching the active waypoint the Direct To waypoint in this case Approximately 36 seconds prior to reaching a Direct To waypoint the WPT annunciation at the top of the annunciation display segment will begin flashing...

Page 79: ... deviation from desired course The CDI s vertical bar operates like a navigation deviation needle on a conventional CDI or HSI using VOR Localizer navigation An on course indication is displayed when the vertical deviation bar is centered on the triangle in the middle of the CDI In en route use each dot represents one nautical mile deviation from the desired track full scale deviation is 5 NM Diff...

Page 80: ...VNAV status which will either by Off Armed time until VNAV begins or the suggested VNAV altitude see section 5 2 Advisory VNAV Operation Line 5 A data field which can display either bearing to the active way point To or radial from the active waypoint Fr By placing the cursor over this field and turning the right inner knob you may select which of these is displayed Line 5 also displays the estima...

Page 81: ...u wish to use as a reference 3 Press F The waypoint page for the identifier just entered will be displayed 4 If this is the waypoint you intend ed press F again The display will return to the NAV 2 page figure 3 115 NOTE If you change the reference waypoint change to a page other than the NAV 2 page then turn back to the NAV 2 page the reference way point will revert back to a nearby VOR NOTE Your...

Page 82: ...AVIGATION 4 NAV 4 PAGE MOVING MAP The NAV 4 page is a graphical moving map which offers you excellent bird s eye view situational awareness This page shows the aircraft s present position relative to the route of flight aeronautical data and carto graphic land data The aeronautical data includes things like airports VORs NDBs intersections and special use airspace Land data includes items such as ...

Page 83: ...lected on the external CDI or HSI differs from the desired track by more than 10 degrees Line 4 Actual track TK bearing to active waypoint BRG radial from active waypoint RAD or groundspeed Line 5 Groundspeed estimated time en route ETE to active way point cross track error or vertical navigation VNAV status Lines 4 and 5 can be configured by the pilot to display any of the items listed To configu...

Page 84: ...data and land data It would be easy to put so much on the map that it is impossi ble to read Therefore it is important to configure the map to display those items which are most important to you 3 11 4 4 Configuring Aeronautical Data For The Map The SET 7 page is used to configure the aeronautical data for the map The following items may be configured on this page Nearest 10 areas of special use a...

Page 85: ...or range scales 5 NM and smaller and will not be displayed on the map for range scales greater than 5 NM To configure aeronautical data for the map 1 Press the M button while view ing the NAV 4 map page to bring up the map menu The cursor will already be over Setup Aero Data figure 3 122 2 Press the F button This brings up the SET 7 page figure 3 123 NOTE All aeronautical data may be turned off by...

Page 86: ...over Restore Dfaults on line 3 and press the F button 3 11 4 5 Runway Diagrams If the selected map range scale is 5 NM 7 km or less runway diagrams are depicted along with the airport symbol 3 11 4 6 Configuring Land Data On The Map The SET 8 page is used to configure the land data for the map The fol lowing items may be configured on this page Cities towns large medium and small Roads freeways na...

Page 87: ...he list To configure Lakes position the cursor over the distance field to the right of Lakes figure 3 130 5 Rotate the right inner knob to select the desired range figure 3 131 Range scales greater than that selected will not display the selected item Range scales equal to or less than that selected will display the item 6 Use the right inner and outer knobs to finish configuring the rest of the l...

Page 88: ...ected the map is like looking at a chart that is turned so that the course line is always pointing up Chapter 3 Basic GPS Operation 3 46 Aircraft symbol Active flight plan or direct to leg magenta Inactive flight plan leg white VFR airport cyan ORS O1 only IFR airport green ORS 01 only VOR with no distance VOR DME or VORTAC DME usually assoc with ILS LOC type procedures NDB Intersection User waypo...

Page 89: ... being used To change the map orientation 1 Select the NAV 4 map page if not already displayed The easi est way to do this is to press either the map range R button or the map menu M button 2 Press the M button to display the Map Menu page figure 3 132 3 Rotate the right outer knob clockwise to position the cursor over the map orientation figure 3 133 4 Select the desired map orienta tion by turni...

Page 90: ...splayed Remember it is easy to clutter the display with so much data that it is unusable Select a range scale that allows an uncluttered presentation of the chosen aeronautical and land data Or select another combination of these starting from the Map Menu page Experiment and continue to make new selections for different phases of your trip 3 11 4 10 Decluttering The Screen The map may be temporar...

Page 91: ...er knob clockwise or counter clockwise to select the desired waypoint figure 3 141 FPL 0 waypoints and the Direct To waypoint are displayed in green while other waypoints are displayed in white to make it easy to determine the break from the FPL 0 list to the nearest list figure 3 142 The waypoints are displayed in the following order A Direct To waypoint not in FPL 0 if one exists The FPL 0 waypo...

Page 92: ... associated with DPs STARs and approaches If the F button is pressed while a DP STAR or approach waypoint is in the waypoint scan field a scratchpad message stating NO WPT Page will be displayed 6 Press the R or M button to return to the map 3 11 4 12 Holding Patterns And Procedure Turns ORS 02 and higher The KLN 94 map is capable of dis playing holding patterns associated with DPs STARs and appro...

Page 93: ...of the waypoint page types includes a field which displays present magnetic bearing to or magnetic heading from the waypoint Due to great circle courses and magnetic variation differences between pre sent position and the active waypoint the To bearing and From radial may not be exactly 180 different from each other This condition is most likely to occur when long distances are involved and or you...

Page 94: ... turn ing the right inner knob changes it between radial from and bearing to the airport 3 12 1 2 The Airport 2 APT 2 Page See figure 3 149 Line 1 The ICAO identifier see section 2 3 of the airport an arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active waypoint Lines 2 3 The latitude and longitude of the airport reference point the official location of the airport Line 4 The magnetic bearing to or t...

Page 95: ...t is the active waypoint Also on line 1 is the environment For example the air port in figure 3 151 has overlying Class C airspace The possible environments are CL B Class B airspace CL C Class C airspace CTA Control area TMA Terminal area TRSA Terminal radar service area Line 2 The airport s time difference from UTC during standard time and during daylight time in parentheses Line 3 Fuel types av...

Page 96: ...e and the number APT 4 in this case is used to indicate that there is more than one Airport 4 page Line 1 The ICAO identifier see section 2 3 of the airport an arrow pre cedes the identifier if it is the active waypoint Line 2 The runway designation for the first runway on the page NOTE In some parts of the world runway numbers are based on true runway heading rather than magnetic These runways ar...

Page 97: ...r over the frequency sends the frequency to the standby window of a KX 155A or KX 165A Nav Com if this feature is enabled in the installation see section 3 15 QuickTuneTM Nav Com Frequency Selection In order to make the QuickTuneTM feature even easier to use lines 2 5 are a scrolling region when there is more than one APT 5 page designated by APT 5 What this means is that you can turn on the curso...

Page 98: ...id approach SDF Simplified directional facility approach Part time operation such as for a control tower is indicated with an aster isk to the right of an airport frequency The frequencies associated with class B or C airspace CTA or TMA are VFR frequencies Airports which have one of these categories of frequen cies also have APR and DEP which are IFR frequencies Where required APR DEP CL B CL C C...

Page 99: ...tive waypoint Lines 2 4 The pilot entered remarks for the airport Three lines of 16 characters each are available for the remarks Letters numbers hyphens and spaces may be used in the remark If no remarks have been entered for the airport line 2 will display Remarks To enter an airport remark on the APT 6 page 1 Turn on the cursor and move it until the cursor fills line 2 of the screen figure 3 15...

Page 100: ...STAR procedures that are available for the selected airport If both DP and STAR procedures are available then there will be two APT 7 pages indi cated by APT 7 figure 3 160 If there are no DP or STAR procedures in the database then this page will be as shown in figure 3 161 NOTE If the KLN 94 is configured for VFR use only there will not be an APT 7 page Line 1 The ICAO identifier see section 2 3 ...

Page 101: ... this airport in the database then this page will be as shown in figure 3 163 The APT 8 page displays approaches approved for use with an approach approved KLN 94 as well as approaches where the KLN 94 may only be used to provide situational awareness monitoring Approaches approved for GPS have a GPS symbol to the right of the approach name such as the RNAV 17 and RNAV 35 approaches in figure 3 16...

Page 102: ...h 3 166 3 12 2 1 The VOR 1 Page See figure 3 164 Line 1 The VOR identifier preced ed by an arrow if it is the active waypoint To the right of the identifier is the frequency of the VOR in mega hertz This frequency is a QuickTuneTM frequency which means that pressing the F button with the cursor over the frequency sends the frequency to the standby window of a KX 155A or KX 165A Nav Com if the feat...

Page 103: ...oint Line 2 The published magnetic sta tion declination of the VOR Magnetic station declination is another way to say the published magnetic variation for the VOR Line 4 The magnetic bearing to or the magnetic radial from the VOR and the distance Placing the cursor over the radial bearing field and turning the right inner knob changes it between radial from and bearing to the sta tion 3 12 3 NDB P...

Page 104: ...ine 2 3 12 4 INTERSECTION PAGES The Intersection pages contain low altitude high altitude approach and DP STAR intersections as well as outer markers and outer compass loca tors Outer markers and outer compass locators may be stored by their NDB identifier or as an intersection by their intersection name In addition DMEs associated with ILS and Localizer type approaches are stored with intersectio...

Page 105: ...ference waypoint reverts back to a nearby VOR Line 3 The magnetic radial from the reference waypoint to the intersec tion Line 4 The distance from the reference waypoint to the intersection 3 12 5 USER WAYPOINT PAGES The User waypoint pages USR 0 USR 1 USR 2 and USR 3 allow you to create custom waypoints for use in navigation A crop sprayer might want to create a waypoint on a field that is spraye...

Page 106: ...ce waypoint is the nearest VOR to the user waypoint The ref erence waypoint may be changed by the pilot to any waypoint published or user defined However once you leave this page and come back the reference waypoint reverts back to a nearby VOR Line 3 The magnetic radial from the reference waypoint to the user way point Line 4 The distance from the reference waypoint to the user waypoint 3 12 5 4 ...

Page 107: ...e figure 3 177 3 Repeat step 2 as necessary to complete line 2 4 Press F to approve line 2 The cursor will automatically move to the next line see figure 3 178 5 Use the right inner and outer knobs to enter the text for line 3 Press F to approve line 3 6 Use the same procedure to enter text and press F to approve line 4 7 Turn the cursor off when you are finished creating the remark NOTE If there ...

Page 108: ... Setup 6 SET 6 page shown in figure 3 179 is used to chose the types of SUA for which SUA alerting shall be given These SUA type are divided into four groups as follows CLASS B C Class B Class C and Terminal Radar Service Areas TRSA CTA TMA Control Areas and Terminal Areas used only internationally outside the U S REST PROH Restricted and Prohibited Areas MOA Other Military Operation Areas Alert A...

Page 109: ... and distance to the nearest edge of the SUA See section 3 9 2 Viewing The Nearest Special Use Airspaces The SUA alert feature is three dimensional The SUA areas are stored in the KLN 94 database with regard to altitude when the actual SUA altitude limitations are charted in terms of mean sea level MSL Therefore if you are flying either above or below an SUA area you won t be inconve nienced with ...

Page 110: ...raft s altimeter setting NOTE If there is no altitude input to the KLN 94 all altitudes will be regarded as being within the boundary of the SUA area The message prompt for a spe cial use airspace alert will occur when the aircraft s position is at a point such that a projection of the aircraft s existing track over the ground is approximately 10 min utes from penetrating the outer boundary of one...

Page 111: ... at any altitude between 4 000 and 13 000 feet MSL CAUTION It is the pilot s responsibility to avoid those areas of spe cial use airspace where ATC clearance to penetrate is required but has not been obtained The KLN 94 s special use airspace alert is only a tool to assist the pilot and should never be relied upon as the sole means of avoiding these areas NOTE Special Use Airspace alerting is disa...

Page 112: ...earest FSS or CTR 1 nearest Center pages and automatically transfer the frequency to the appropriate comm or nav standby window by pressing the F button In addition if a localizer type approach ILS LOC SDF or LDA or VOR approach is loaded into the KLN 94 s active flight plan the frequency associated with the approach is automatically sent to the nav standby win dow of the KX 155A or KX 165A This a...

Page 113: ... the navs configured for QuickTune Select the number that was displayed in step 2 8 Turn off the cursor 3 15 1 QUICKTUNE OPERATION WITH ONE COMPATIBLE NAV COMM To use the QuickTune feature when the KLN 94 is configured with only one compatible Nav Comm 1 Turn on the cursor and use the right outer knob to position the cursor over the desired frequency on an APT 5 VOR 1 FSS 1 or CTR 1 page figure 3 ...

Page 114: ...end the frequency to figure 3 193 4 Press the F button again to send the frequency to the selected comm or nav standby window 5 Press the appropriate comm or nav frequency transfer button on the KX 155A or KX 165A when ready to activate the frequency 3 16 USING THE TAKE HOME MODE It is very likely that the KLN 94 will become your best friend in the cock pit As with any good friend you may need som...

Page 115: ...103 FAX 817 633 6208 lonestaraviation com The KLN 94 is automatically put into the take home mode when it is used with a Commander 2000 In addition an authorized Honeywell Service Center may also arrange for you to put the KLN 94 into the take home mode by grounding the appropriate pin at the back of the unit while it is removed from the aircraft and is connected to an appropriate power sup ply Th...

Page 116: ...perfect and we decide to make the trip VFR and fly direct to Austin 3 17 1 PRE DEPARTURE 1 Apply power to the KLN 94 by pushing the On Off Brightness knob to the in position Rotate the knob to adjust the display brightness to the desired level 2 Enter the current altimeter setting on the Self Test page and press the F button The cursor will move over OK Verify that the informa tion on the Self Tes...

Page 117: ...k DTK is 225 degrees After take off the NAV 1 page will also display groundspeed actual track TK and estimated time en route 3 17 2 EN ROUTE 1 We depart from runway 36 at Little Rock and are told to maintain run way heading After several radar vectors for traffic avoidance we are finally cleared on course The D Bar indicates that the radar vectors have taken us north of the original course and we ...

Page 118: ...ble to confirm that this is the correct position 3 17 3 TERMINAL AREA 1 About 50 nautical miles from Austin s Mueller airport we start prepar ing for our arrival Viewing the APT 5 page for KAUS you determine that the ATIS frequency is 124 40 MHz and tower is 121 00 MHz 2 A few minutes later the message prompt begins flashing When you press C the message page advises Airspace Alert Austin CL C Belo...

Page 119: ... 2 etc When one of these numbered flight plans is activated it becomes FPL 0 the active flight plan This Pilot s Guide will refer to FPL 0 as the active flight plan and FPL 1 through FPL 25 as the numbered flight plans If desired a flight plan can be created directly in the active flight plan This avoids creating the flight plan in a numbered flight plan and then having to activate it The disadvan...

Page 120: ...e airport Remember to enter the K P or C prefix for certain airports in the United States Alaska some but not all cases or Canada respectively See section 2 3 ICAO Identifiers 4 Use the right inner knob to select the first character of the departure waypoint identifier figure 4 2 If you have set the default first way point character to K on the SET 11 page you will just need one turn clockwise see...

Page 121: ... the way in which the waypoint is intended to be used with the right outer knob and press F If the DP STAR choice is selected the KLN 94 will disable turn anticipation for that waypoint if previously enabled The KLN 94 will enable turn anticipation after the waypoint has been passed if turn anticipation was previously enabled If En Route is selected then normal turn antici pation occurs 9 Use the ...

Page 122: ... you may wish to view flight data for waypoints which are not displayed on the screen If this is the case turn on the cursor B and use the right outer knob to scroll down the flight plan until the waypoint of interest is on the screen This display will default to the distance presentation at power on To change between distance and desired track display on a num bered flight plan page 1 Turn on the...

Page 123: ...bered flight plan 4 1 4 ADDING A WAYPOINT TO A FLIGHT PLAN A waypoint may be added to any flight plan containing fewer than 20 way points To add a waypoint to a flight plan 1 Turn on the cursor with the B button 2 With the outer knob position the cursor over the waypoint identifier which you desire to follow the waypoint being added Another way to think of this is to position the cursor over the l...

Page 124: ...e right side for the identifier just entered figure 4 17 6 Press F again to approve the waypoint page figure 4 18 7 Turn off the cursor B 4 1 5 DELETING A WAYPOINT FROM A FLIGHT PLAN To delete a waypoint from a flight plan 1 Press B to enable the cursor if it is not on already 2 Move the cursor over the way point you wish to delete figure 4 19 3 Press E The letters Del delete will appear to the le...

Page 125: ...lan press E again 4 Press F to clear the flight plan The flight plan page will appear as in figure 4 24 4 1 7 STORING FPL 0 AS A NUMBERED FLIGHT PLAN The active flight plan may be loaded into a numbered flight plan so that it can be recalled for later use This may be desirable for example if the active flight plan was originally created on the FPL 0 page and not as a numbered flight plan To store ...

Page 126: ...tion while the KLN 94 is in the Leg mode Always verify that you are viewing the active flight plan page FPL 0 and not one of the other numbered flight plan pages The active leg of the flight plan is designated with a symbol A leg is defined as the course line between a pair of waypoints a from waypoint and a to waypoint The head of the arrow is posi tioned to the left of and points to the active t...

Page 127: ...g symbol auto matically shifts to the next leg If the flight plan contains more waypoints than can be dis played on the screen at one time the page will automatical ly scroll as progress is made along the flight plan so that the active leg is always displayed figure 4 31 The last waypoint in the flight plan is always displayed at the bottom of the FPL 0 page even if all of the waypoints in the fli...

Page 128: ...PL 0 page and on any Navigation page or waypoint page displaying the active waypoint identifier figures 4 34 and 4 35 This is called waypoint alerting If an external waypoint alert annuncia tor is mounted in the aircraft this annunciator will begin flashing at the same time To utilize the turn anticipation feature start the turn transition to the next leg in the flight plan at the very beginning o...

Page 129: ...point will be displayed figure 4 38 The location of the waypoint in the flight plan waypoint 1 waypoint 2 etc is annunciated with a number to the left of the identifier In addi tion an arrow to the left of the waypoint number designates the active waypoint To view the waypoints in the flight plan that are not the active way point 1 From the ACT page pull the right inner knob to the out posi tion a...

Page 130: ...r Direct To operation optimized for flight plan operation 4 2 4 1 Direct To Operation From The Map When operating from the Nav 4 map page the method described in sec tion 3 11 4 11 Waypoint Scan Feature will often be the most convenient because your don t have to leave the map to initiate the Direct To opera tion As described in that section this involves pulling the right inner knob out to the sc...

Page 131: ...d waypoint 4 Press F to approve the Direct To The NAV 1 page will be dis played figure 4 44 reflecting the new active waypoint 5 If you now turn back to the FPL 0 page you will see that the active waypoint is now preceded by an arrow only instead of the figure 4 45 This is because there is no from waypoint in the flight plan 4 2 4 4 Cancelling Direct To Operation If it is desired to cancel the Dir...

Page 132: ...lt to the distance Dis presentation at power on fig ure 4 45 To change between distance ETE ETA and desired track on the FPL 0 page 1 Turn on the cursor with the B button it will come up initially over the distance Dis field 2 Turn the right inner knob to change the field from distance Dis to ETE in hours minutes figure 4 46 to ETA in terms of the system time zone figure 4 47 to DTK figure 4 48 an...

Page 133: ...f available time zones To change the system time zone 1 Select either the NAV 3 or SET 2 page 2 Turn on the cursor with the B button and use the right outer knob to position the cursor over the time zone field figure 4 50 3 Rotate the right inner knob to select the desired time zone fig ure 4 51 4 Turn off the cursor KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 4 Flight Plan Operation 4 15 Figure 4 50 Figure 4 51...

Page 134: ...Chapter 4 Flight Plan Operation 4 16 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 135: ...g altimeters and some air data computers output pressure altitude it is often required that you manually input the proper baro setting in order to get accurate altitude functions The KLN 94 functions which use the altitude input are special use airspace SUA alerting altitude alerting vertical navigation VNAV and the GPS approach mode It is a good idea to update the altimeter baro setting on the AL...

Page 136: ...longitude sectors Jeppesen defines a reference point as a natural Peak Knoll Hill etc or man made Tower Stack Tank Building etc object Jeppesen states the following about the Grid Minimum Off Route altitude Grid MORA val ues clear all reference points by 1000 feet in areas where the highest reference points are 5000 feet MSL or lower MORA values clear all refer ence points by 2000 feet in areas wh...

Page 137: ...or vertical navigation To get to the ALT 2 page from any non altitude page press the A button twice The following example will be used to illustrate how to use the VNAV feature You are using the KLN 94 to fly direct to your destination airport Dubuque Municipal airport KDBQ located in Dubuque Iowa You are presently about 65 nautical miles west of Dubuque flying at 7500 feet MSL figure 5 5 You desi...

Page 138: ...that you should manually enter the aircraft s present altitude as well as the desired altitude 4 Use the right outer knob to move the cursor to the offset field adjacent to the active waypoint identifier Entering an offset allows you to reach the desired altitude a specified distance before or after reaching the waypoint If you wished to reach a certain altitude 5 miles after pass ing a waypoint y...

Page 139: ...d field and then enter the desired value figure 5 11 Vertical speed may be selected in increments of 100 feet per minute or 10 meters per minute If the time to begin your descent is greater than one hour Vnv Armed will now be displayed on the top line of the page If the time is less than one hour the top line displays a countdown to the time to begin the descent 7 Return to any desired page for no...

Page 140: ...ou make a change to the aircraft s altimeter setting 5 2 2 VNAV FOR FLIGHT PLAN OPERATION Using the vertical navigation function when flying via a flight plan is virtual ly the same as for the previous Direct To example The ALT 2 page will initially contain the identifier for the active to waypoint in the flight plan You may program the vertical ascent or descent referencing this waypoint or you m...

Page 141: ...nts from 200 feet up to 900 feet or in ten meter increments from 60 meters to 270 meters Normally you will use the same value all the time so you only have to enter this the first time you use altitude alerting The recommended warn altitude deviation is 300 feet or 100 meters 3 If necessary adjust the altitude alert audio volume by moving the cursor to the Volume field Use the left inner knob to s...

Page 142: ...otice that when you are on an ordinary non altitude page the first press of the A button brings up the ALT 1 page the second press of A brings up the ALT 2 page and the third press takes you back to the original page 9 The aural alarm activates as follows 1000 feet prior to reaching the selected altitude three short tones Upon reaching the selected altitude two short tones Deviating above or below...

Page 143: ...be disabled in the KLN 94 at the time of installation so that these features are not selectable by the pilot When this has been done the SET 13 page displays Feature Disabled 5 4 CREATING USER DEFINED WAYPOINTS You may create and store up to 500 user defined waypoints These way points will be very helpful to you One major application is private use airstrips which are not included in the Jeppesen ...

Page 144: ...nd the way point creation is complete figure 5 20 If you want to choose your own name for it turn the right inner knob to select the first character of the identifier figure 5 21 Remember that when the cursor is on the right inner knob changes the character and the right outer knob moves the cur sor around 3 Spell out the rest of the identifier using the right inner and outer knobs figure 5 22 4 P...

Page 145: ... 25 2 Use the right inner knob to select the first character of the identifier figure 5 26 Remember that when the cursor is on the right inner knob changes the character and the right outer knob moves the cur sor around 3 Spell out the rest of the identifier using the right inner and outer knobs figure 5 27 4 Move the cursor down to the second line over User Pos L L figure 5 28 5 Press F The displ...

Page 146: ...nd distance from a known waypoint To create a user defined waypoint using the radial distance method 1 From any user waypoint USR page turn on the cursor B It will be over the first character in the waypoint identifier field 2 Use the right inner knob to select the first character of the identifier Remember that when the cursor is on the right inner knob changes the character and the right outer k...

Page 147: ...turned to the waypoint creation page 9 Use the right inner and outer knobs to select the desired radi al Notice that you may enter the angle down to the tenth of a degree figure 5 39 10 Press F to approve the radial The cursor will move to line 4 11 Use the right inner and outer knobs to select the desired dis tance from the reference waypoint figure 5 40 12 Press F to approve the dis tance The cu...

Page 148: ... in Chapter 6 The course mode is annunciated in the bottom right corner of the screen When in the Leg mode it displays LEG figure 5 41 and when in the OBS mode it displays OBS figure 5 42 5 5 1 SELECTING THE LEG MODE OR THE OBS MODE To change course modes 1 Press the H button 2 If the KLN 94 was previously in the Leg mode it will now be in the OBS mode and vice versa 5 5 2 THE LEG MODE The followi...

Page 149: ...ach a waypoint in your flight plan the next leg of the flight plan automatically becomes active There are some situations during approach operations in which automatic leg sequencing is automatically disabled See Chapter 6 4 Turn anticipation may be utilized in flight plan operation as described in section 4 2 2 5 The Minimum En route Safe Altitude ESA displayed on the ALT 1 page is the highest MS...

Page 150: ...nt See section 5 1 for an explanation of ESA and MSA Other waypoints in the active flight plan do not affect the ESA 6 When the active waypoint is a VOR and the AUTO magnetic variation mode is active see section 5 16 the published magnetic variation for the VOR is utilized rather than the calculated magnetic variation so that the KLN 94 indication will be identical to a NAV receiver indica tion Wh...

Page 151: ... is unacceptable you can always define the desired course by the methods described in section 5 5 3 5 5 5 EFFECTS OF SWITCHING FROM OBS MODE TO LEG MODE The following mode transition occurs if the KLN 94 is in the OBS mode with a TO indication and the mode is switched to the Leg mode 1 The waypoint that was active while in the OBS mode remains the active waypoint when the Leg mode is activated The...

Page 152: ...rect To method or by using a second method This second method activates another waypoint without changing the selected course OBS In other words when the new waypoint is activated the D Bar is not necessarily recentered In figure 5 46 the KLN 94 is in the OBS mode and the selected course is 149 You have just crossed ARG and desire to activate the next way point in the flight plan GQE without recen...

Page 153: ...NAV 1 page also changes the scale factor on the remote CDI or HSI To change the CDI scale factor 1 Select the NAV 1 page 2 Turn on the cursor B It will appear over the CDI scale number below the right side of the CDI 3 Rotate the right inner knob to select the desired CDI scale fac tor figure 5 50 The valid choices are 5 0 NM 1 0 NM and 0 3 NM or 9 3 km 1 9 km and 56 km 4 Turn off the B The CDI sc...

Page 154: ...and time delay values To enable the voltage alert feature 1 Select the SET 9 page figure 5 51 and turn on the cursor B 2 Turn the right inner knob one step to enable the alert feature The alert voltage and alert delay will be displayed on lines 2 and 3 figure 5 52 3 Turn off the cursor B If the avionics bus voltage drops below the alert voltage for the speci fied delay time the message Low Bus Vol...

Page 155: ...gement system is installed but there is an air data system the air data pages become AUX 15 and AUX 16 5 9 DETERMINING THE STATUS OF THE GPS SIGNALS The Auxiliary AUX 1 and AUX 2 pages may be viewed at any time to determine the status of the GPS receiver and the GPS satellites being received This includes which satellites are being tracked the satellites health the signal strength for each of thes...

Page 156: ...on FAILR receiver failure In the initialization state the GPS receiver is in the process of initializing itself collecting information such as the date time and last present posi tion Next the receiver collects data from its own memory to determine which satellites should be visible After completing the initialization process the receiver begins the acquisition process During this time the visible...

Page 157: ... has its own identification number A symbol to the right of the satellite number indicates this particular satellite is not presently being tracked by the receiver NOTE At some times you may desire to deselect certain satellites if you know them to be inaccurate so that they are not used to determine the GPS position Should a satellite be inaccurate it could cause a RAIM fail ure rendering the sys...

Page 158: ...AUX 3 page 5 10 CALCULATOR AUX 4 AUX 11 PAGES The AUX 4 AUX 11 pages are calculator pages used for trip planning and calculation of a variety of flight related information They are conve nient both on the ground before you begin your flight and in the air Data entered on any of the these pages has no effect on navigation data provided on any Navigation NAV or Flight Plan FPL pages You may perform ...

Page 159: ...time en route ETE calculation will be updated figure 5 60 To calculate distance bearing time and ESA from waypoint to way point 1 From the AUX 4 page turn on the cursor B and use the right inner knob to select Wpts figure 5 61 2 Turn the right outer knob clock wise to move the cursor to the from waypoint in the upper right corner of the screen figure 5 62 3 Enter the desired identifier for the fro...

Page 160: ...sired flight plan move the cursor to the groundspeed field on line 5 5 Select your estimated ground speed for the trip As you change it the estimated time en route ETE calculation will be updated figure 5 67 5 10 2 THE AUXILARY 5 AUX 5 TRIP PLANNING PAGE The AUX 5 page is for calculating fuel requirements for the trip selected on the AUX 4 page To use this page you need to have a good idea what th...

Page 161: ...el units must carry through the calculations 5 Move the cursor to the fuel reserve requirement field and enter the desired value As you do watch the calculation of fuel required on line 5 change figure 5 70 5 10 3 THE AUXILARY 6 AUX 6 PRESSURE ALTITUDE PAGE The AUX 6 page is used to determine pressure altitude To calculate the pressure altitude 1 Turn on the cursor B 2 Enter the altitude indicated...

Page 162: ...st Temp field and then use the right inner and outer knobs to enter the out side air temperature degrees Celsius figure 5 74 The first digit of the temperature is either 0 if the temperature is above zero or if the temperature is below zero For maximum accu racy the static air temperature should be entered This is the temperature of air without the effect of heating due to the aircraft s movement ...

Page 163: ...r the outside air temperature degrees C by using the right inner and outer knobs figure 5 76 The first digit of the temperature is either 0 if the temperature is above zero or if the temperature is below zero For maximum accuracy the total air temperature should be entered This is the tempera ture of air including the effect of heating due to the aircraft s movement through the air The temperature...

Page 164: ...ke sure to re enter new val ues if you change airspeed or heading NOTE If the KLN 94 is interfaced with a compatible source of heading input this heading is automatically used in the wind calculation displayed on the AUX 9 page If the KLN 94 is interfaced with a compatible air data system in addition to a compatible heading source the AUX 20 page dis plays wind information directly 5 10 7 THE AUXI...

Page 165: ...ne the times of sunrise and sunset for any waypoint in the published or user database To calculate sunrise sunset times 1 Select the AUX 11 page figure 5 81 The first time the AUX 11 page is selected after the KLN 94 is turned on the way point identifier defaults to the current destination the date defaults to the current date and the time zone defaults to the system time zone Each of these three ...

Page 166: ...ely which are currently stored in the KLN 94 s memory 5 11 1 THE AUX 12 PAGE An example of an AUX 12 page is shown in figure 5 85 All currently stored user defined waypoints are listed in alphanumeric order If the user defined waypoint is the active waypoint an arrow follows the identifier If the waypoint is used in one or more flight plans then the number of the first flight plan in which it is u...

Page 167: ...ypoints on the USR 3 page If the waypoint is an airport then an A is displayed on the right side likewise a U represents a user defined waypoint If there are more than four waypoints you can see the rest of the list by turning on the cursor B and turning the right outer knob to scroll through the list To delete a waypoint remark from the AUX 13 page 1 Turn on the cursor and position it over the de...

Page 168: ...ltiplied by the current rate of fuel flow The amount of fuel that will be remaining at the destination is the amount of fuel presently remaining minus the fuel required to reach the destination CAUTION The KLN 94 fuel calculations are based on the present rate of fuel flow the present groundspeed the present distance to destination along the programmed route and the amount of fuel presently remain...

Page 169: ...mputer s control unit However if the KLN 94 is interfaced with a compatible Shadin fuel flow comput er it is possible to define the fuel on board by using the KLN 94 In these installations it is not required to have the fuel flow computer s control head installed in the aircraft To change the present fuel on board 1 Select the AUX 15 page and turn on the cursor B 2 If it is possible to enter the p...

Page 170: ...fuel on board minus the fuel reserve you entered 5 13 3 THE AUXILARY 17 AUX 17 FUEL MANAGEMENT PAGE The AUX 17 page displays the following information figure 5 97 The desired fuel reserve Same as displayed on the AUX 16 page Changing the reserve on one of the two pages also changes it on the other page The endurance in hours and minutes The endurance is calculated based on the amount of fuel remai...

Page 171: ...interfaced with one of these systems the KLN 94 will display real time air data parameters such as true airspeed TAS sta tic air temperature SAT total air temperature TAT Mach number density altitude and pressure altitude With a TAS input from an air data computer and a compatible heading input the KLN 94 will calculate and display real time wind data magnitude and direction NOTE Heading informati...

Page 172: ...information 5 14 1 THE AUXILARY 20 AUX 20 AIR DATA PAGE Without a fuel management system this becomes the AUX 15 page The following information is displayed fig ure 5 102 TAS True airspeed the true speed of an aircraft through the surrounding air mass Mach Mach number the ratio of the true airspeed to the speed of sound at a particular flight condition If a compatible source of heading information...

Page 173: ... You will normally check to make sure the KLN 94 is set to the cor rect time and date shortly after you turn the unit on while you verify the Initialization Page You can however also check the time and date on the Setup 2 SET 2 page anytime you desire There are several pages as well as some internal functions of the KLN 94 such as magnetic variation and proper use of database information that depe...

Page 174: ...e time zone with the right inner knob if desired figure 5 111 A listing of the time zones and their abbreviations is contained in section 3 2 Turn on and Self Test 4 Move the cursor to the time field The hours and minutes will appear in inverse video 5 Select the correct hour figure 5 112 Remember the KLN 94 uses 24 hour time If it is 1 00 P M or later add 12 hours for example 2 30 P M becomes 14 ...

Page 175: ... Data Referenced To True North When a user defined magnetic variation other than 0 degrees is being used the following message will be displayed Nav Data Referenced To User Defined Mag Var There are two exceptions when a user defined magnetic variation will not be used for navigation When the active waypoint is part of an approach procedure the magnetic variation for the published approach will be...

Page 176: ...erly or westerly figure 5 116 7 Press F to approve and turn the cursor B off 5 17 SETTING THE UNITS OF MEASURE The SET 12 page figure 5 117 is used to set the unit of measure for various parameters The altimeter barometric setting can be set to inch es of Mercury millibars mB or hectopascals hP Altitude airport elevation and runway lengths can be set to feet ft or meters m Finally distances and ve...

Page 177: ...s are shown in figure 6 1 and 6 2 A single press of the Procedure button P is used to display the PROC 1 page The right outer knob is used to move the cur sor over the desired option and then the F button is pressed to bring up a PROC 2 page When the PROC 1 page is displayed pressing the P button a second time returns the dis play to the page that was previously being viewed When the PROC 2 page i...

Page 178: ...talled in the aircraft with all of the necessary accessories to fly non precision approaches This will include an external HSI or CDI at a minimum and may include some external annunciator switches In many installations the aircraft will have a NAV GPS switch to select which navigation source is displayed on the primary HSI or CDI The NAV 4 page has been specifically designed to provide most of th...

Page 179: ... monitoring RAIM is set to a tighter level The APR ARM mode will be selected automatically by the KLN 94 when the aircraft is within 30 NM of an airport and an approach is loaded in the flight plan for that airport The APR ACTV mode can only be engaged automatically by the KLN 94 when 2 NM inbound to the final approach fix FAF NOTE If an optional external GPS approach switch is installed it is pos...

Page 180: ...proach can be loaded in FPL 0 Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 4 17 35 1 4 3 2 MAP FAF IAF ARP Approach Arm CDI Scale Factor 1 0 nm CDI Scale Factor 5 0 nm CDI Scale Factor constant at 0 3 nm CDI Scale Factor changing from 1 0 nm to 0 3 nm 70 3 0 n m 2 n m Transition to approach ACTV if LEG mode is selected Integrity checks OK Aircraft heading towards the FAF FAF or co located IAF FAF is active...

Page 181: ...approach RAIM is available at FAF MAP If any of these conditions are not met the KLN 94 will not transition to the approach active mode and a missed approach will be required if the con ditions do not change before reaching the FAF If all of these conditions are met then the CDI scale factor will start to change to 0 3 NM and the annunciator will indicate APR ACTV or APR see first note in section ...

Page 182: ...plan FPL 0 1 Press the P button to bring up the PROC 1 page figure 6 6 The cursor will already be over Select Approach 2 Press the F button to display the PROC 2 page figure 6 7 The PROC 2 page shows a list of up to 7 airport identifiers The list includes Airports in FPL 0 up to 6 A Direct To airport not in FPL 0 if one exists Other airports closest to the aircraft s present position Therefore if ...

Page 183: ... 4 approach es for the airport the first three approaches and the last one are initially shown Turn the right outer knob to move the cursor through the entire list and over RNAV 17 figure 6 9 Press F NOTE Those approaches not having the letters GPS to the right of the approach name are not approved for GPS Therefore the KLN 94 may ONLY be used to provide situational awareness and monitoring for th...

Page 184: ...ude the associated airport identifier NOTE While on the APT 8 page showing the list of IAFs or the list of approach waypoints figure 6 11 or 6 14 you may back up one step in the selection process by pressing the E button Anytime you want to start over in the approach selection process press the P button NOTE When FPL 0 is modified in any way including adding an approach the KLN 94 reorients itself...

Page 185: ...e even when an actual IAF other than Vectors was selected 6 2 4 INTERPRETING WHAT YOU SEE You may have noticed that some waypoints in the approach have a small letter at the end of the waypoint name The small letter is an aid that we have added to the name of some waypoints to help you recognize impor tant points in the approach These suffixes are displayed on many of the KLN 94 pages The definiti...

Page 186: ...waypoint name In the case of LAX18 this point is 18 NM from the LAX VOR on the 68 radial Another waypoint MA25B is also a type of terminal waypoint In this case this point is the missed approach point for runway 25 This approach applies to both the left and right runways so the letter B is used to mean both There are a few other types of terminal waypoints that will help you to fully understand GP...

Page 187: ... of these waypoints are relative to others in the approach At the time of this writing most of the Jeppesen charts and some of the NOS charts show the special terminal waypoints that are required for GPS approaches For this reason it is a good idea to understand what the special waypoints are used for and what they mean 6 2 5 CHANGING OR DELETING AN APPROACH ONCE LOADED INTO THE FLIGHT PLAN The se...

Page 188: ...leted from the active flight plan using the FPL 0 page It is also possible to replace an existing approach from this page To delete an existing approach 1 With the active flight plan FPL 0 page being displayed turn the cursor on by pressing B fig ure 6 18 2 Move the cursor so that it covers the approach header at the top of the approach procedure Once the cursor comes over the approach header it w...

Page 189: ...f necessary for visual clarity during an approach declutter Land and Aero from the map by using the E button section 3 11 4 10 or the SET 7 and SET 8 pages sections 3 11 4 4 and 3 11 4 6 6 2 7 APPROACH EXAMPLE 1 NO PROCEDURE TURN The KLN 94 will remain in the familiar Leg mode for this category of approach from the IAF to the MAP so there will be no need to change between Leg and OBS The RNAV 17 a...

Page 190: ...Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 14 Figure 6 21 ...

Page 191: ...Aircenter KIXD in Olathe KS Approximately 40 NM southeast of the airport you are told to expect the RNAV 17 approach 1 Load the RNAV 17 approach to KIXD as demonstrated in section 6 2 3 Since we are arriving from the southeast MIFEV is selected as the IAF The approach way points are automatically added before the airport identifier in FPL 0 figure 6 23 KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 6 Approaches and...

Page 192: ...N 94 is interfaced with a compatible air data computer that provides the correct barometric pressure to the KLN 94 then the pre vious message is not displayed and it is not necessary to update the barometric pressure At this time the KLN 94 will smoothly change the CDI scale factor to 1 0 NM APR ARM or TERM see first note in section 6 2 1 is now annun ciated figure 6 24 3 Approximately 8 NM from K...

Page 193: ...gain provide waypoint alerting and turn anticipation As the aircraft passes ZODPU it will sequence to KEZNU Select 176 on the exter nal Nav indicator 6 As the aircraft approaches KEZNU the final approach fix it is a good idea to check the status of the KLN 94 one more time Make sure that LEG mode is selected and that the NAV GPS switch is set to GPS Remember the KLN 94 will not transition to the a...

Page 194: ...it is neces sary to use the OBS mode Press the OBS button to enter the OBS mode In the OBS mode the KLN 94 uses the course selected on the external CDI or HSI Since the external indicator was already set to 176 for the final approach course it is set to provide guidance to ANQUM NOTE A message is provided 4 NM from ANQUM if the KLN 94 is still in Leg mode as a reminder If Required Select OBS 12 Up...

Page 195: ...KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 19 Figure 6 29 NOT FOR NOT FOR NA NAVIGA VIGATION TION ...

Page 196: ... similar to the example of loading an approach provided in section 6 2 3 However there are a few minor differences so we ll go through an exam ple of loading an approach for radar vectors To select an approach for radar vectors 1 Press the P button to bring up the PROC 1 page figure 6 30 The cursor will already be over Select Approach 2 Press F to display the PROC 2 page figure 6 31 If KLNK is in ...

Page 197: ...ly given vectors headings to fly that will get you established on the charted inbound course to the FAF We are now ready to conduct the approach 1 When you are within 30 NM of the airport the KLN 94 will automati cally arm the approach mode and provide the following mes sage Press ALT To Set Baro At this time the KLN 94 will smoothly change the CDI scale factor to 1 0 NM APR ARM or TERM is now ann...

Page 198: ... anticipation will occur prior to reaching LNK The DTK will change from 185 to 177 and the new course should be selected on the external Nav indicator The KLN 94 will sequence to the missed approach point RW17L upon passing LNK The VTF annunciation will return to white 7 The KLN 94 will again provide waypoint alerting as you approach RW17L the missed approach point MAP 8 Upon reaching RW17L and no...

Page 199: ...r airport by pressing the P button to display the PROC 1 page Since you don t want to activate vectors this time use the right outer knob to move the cursor over Select Approach and load an approach in the normal manner KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 23 Figure 6 40 ...

Page 200: ...ce dure For this example assume that the aircraft is approaching from the east 1 Load the approach into the flight plan as described in section 6 2 3 Select OCN as the IAF figure 6 41 2 When you are within 30 NM of the airport the KLN 94 will automatically arm the approach mode and provide the following message Press ALT To Set Baro At this time the KLN 94 will smoothly change the CDI scale factor...

Page 201: ...is the active waypoint Therefore if a course reversal is required make sure the IAF is the selected waypoint For ORS 02 and higher units the holding pattern will be displayed on the map figure 6 42a if configured to do so on the SET 7 page See section 3 11 4 12 for information on display ing holding patterns on the map 5 Upon reaching OCN perform the appropriate holding pattern entry and set the i...

Page 202: ...the MDA for this approach If a missed approach is required for this approach then the following steps would be required 10 The published missed approach procedure for this approach is to make a climbing right turn to 3000 feet via a180 heading and then inbound on the MZB 326 radial to MZB After flying past the MAP press D to display MZB as the default direct to waypoint Press F to make MZB the act...

Page 203: ...KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 27 Figure 6 43 NOT FOR NOT FOR NA NAVIGA VIGATION TION ...

Page 204: ...oceed direct to the IAF 4 When the aircraft is 4 NM from the MSA IAF the KLN 94 will give a message reminding you to select the OBS mode Press the H but ton to select the OBS mode The OBS mode is required for the procedure turn After passing MSA select the outbound course of 180 on the external CDI or HSI 5 The aircraft is now headed outbound for the procedure turn As soon a practical you will nee...

Page 205: ...tch from OBS to Leg is delayed too long it will not be possible for the KLN 94 to change to the approach active mode 8 When the aircraft is 2 NM from the FAF the KLN 94 will verify that the proper GPS integrity is available If integrity monitoring is available for the approach then the KLN 94 will change to the Approach Active mode This will be annunciated on the right side of the KLN 94 by APR AC...

Page 206: ...re completely different from using traditional VOR and DME equipment Don t worry though because DME arc procedures using the KLN 94 are also much easier than using tradi tional equipment This is because the KLN 94 provides left right guidance around the arc No more having to watch distance in one place and radial in another In many cases you do not actually fly to the beginning of an arc especiall...

Page 207: ...KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 31 Figure 6 45 NOT FOR NOT FOR NA NAVIGA VIGATION TION ...

Page 208: ...t is presently located on A waypoint is created that is located at the intersection of the present radial and the DME arc This waypoint is first in the list of waypoints presented on the APT 8 page before load ing the approach into the flight plan figure 6 48 Since the air craft was located on the 132 radial of TYI when the approach was loaded into FLP 0 the waypoint loaded into the approach is D1...

Page 209: ...normal solid line figure 6 49 7 In some cases ATC may provide radar vectors to the arc The KLN 94 provides a means to define a new intercept point based on where the aircraft s current track over the ground intercepts the DME arc This can be done from either the NAV 4 page or from the FPL 0 page The dashed line displayed on the NAV 4 page will help you to determine if ATC is giving you correct vec...

Page 210: ...ed radials that serve as step down fixes These points are not stored in the database To help you determine your position relative to these step down points along the arc the KLN 94 will display a new value in the bottom right corner of the dis play on the NAV 4 page This new bit of information is denoted by the letters ARC followed by three numbers The three numbers represent the current radial th...

Page 211: ...av indicator 19 After crossing BELGA select 47 on the external Nav indicator and enter the holding pattern in the conventional manner NOTE If ATC gives you instructions for a missed approach that is differ ent from the published missed approach procedure it is always possible for you to select a different direct to waypoint than the default direct to waypoint 6 2 12 ILS AND OTHER NON APPROVED APPR...

Page 212: ...E AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR DME ON LOCALIZER TYPE APPROACHES The FAA allows the use of GPS distance as a substitute for DME on local izer type approaches when the DME facility is stored in the GPS database The KLN 94 stores DME s associated with localizer type approaches using the navaid identifier of the approach For example the DME facility associated with the ILS DME Rwy 33 approach for Burlington In...

Page 213: ...currently available In these cases the KLN 94 will not go into the approach active mode and will present the following message RAIM Not Available APR Mode Inhibited Predict RAIM on AUX 3 In these cases you will not be able to finish the approach because there is insufficient integrity monitoring The AUX 3 Auxiliary 3 page provides a means for you to predict when RAIM will be available if the KLN 9...

Page 214: ...The third piece of information is to deselect a satellite SV if you know from some official source that it is unusable A satellite entered on the AUX 3 page is ONLY deselected for RAIM prediction To perform a manual RAIM calculation 1 Turn the left outer and inner knobs to select the AUX 3 page 2 Press B The cursor will be over the RAIM Dest field 3 If the default waypoint is not the one desired e...

Page 215: ...tegrity monitoring or if there is an actual satellite failure while the aircraft is on the leg from the FAF to the MAP In these cases the KLN 94 will FLAG the navigation solution and a missed approach will have to be flown The KLN 94 will provide the following message Press PROC Button Now For NAV This message is telling you to cancel the approach mode by pressing the PROC button This will change ...

Page 216: ...cedures are accessed through the Procedure PROC pages using the P button The PROC pages provide quick access to the APT 7 pages where the DP and STAR procedures are stored with the airport for which they apply DP and STAR procedures are defined in three parts The parts are the DP or STAR name e g PORTE3 a transition e g Fellows and a runway specific component e g RW 01L The PROC and APT 7 pages le...

Page 217: ... 61 and press F The B stands for Both so selecting RW01B means it is applicable to runways 1L and 1R 6 The last bit of information need ed to define this DP is the transition This example uses the Fellows transition To select the Fellows transition move the cur sor down to FLW figure 6 62 and press F 7 The KLN 94 now presents a list of waypoints that make up the DP figure 6 63 Review these waypoin...

Page 218: ...rrival airport will already be displayed with the cursor on it In case it is not move the cursor over the desired airport or if necessary enter the airport identifier in the blank field on the page and press F once to bring up the waypoint page for the airport and a second time to approve it If an airport is entered that doesn t have a STAR the scratchpad message No STAR at APT will be displayed 4...

Page 219: ...dure headers just as approaches do It is possible to use these headers to delete and change the entire procedure just like is done with approach procedures One difference between DP and STAR procedures and approaches is that it is possible to add way points to and delete waypoints from the published procedure To help you differentiate between approaches no adding or deleting waypoints allowed and ...

Page 220: ...are stored in the published database To delete an entire DP or STAR procedure from the active flight plan 1 Use the right knobs to select the FPL 0 page 2 Turn the cursor on by pressing the B Move the cursor over the DP or STAR procedure header by using the left outer knob When the cursor is moved over the header it changes to read CHANGE STAR or CHANGE DP 3 With the cursor over the procedure head...

Page 221: ...he external Nav indicator It is easiest to accomplish these steps before take off After take off intercept the SFO 350 radial and climb to 1600 as required by the DP 3 Once the aircraft reaches the SFO 4 DME fix turn left to a heading of 200 At this point it is necessary to manually change the active way point to PORTE This is done easily from either the NAV 4 page or from the FPL 0 page In either...

Page 222: ...Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 46 Figure 6 72 ...

Page 223: ...we selected the STAR 2 For this STAR the KLN 94 will automatically guide the aircraft along the proper route from INK until the JEN VOR 3 Long before reaching JEN examine this procedure and notice that landing south turbojets fly to DELMO intersection while non turbojets fly to CURLE intersection The database in the KLN 94 has the sequence of waypoints for the turbojet procedure NOT the sequence f...

Page 224: ...Chapter 6 Approaches and DP STARs 6 48 Figure 6 73 ...

Page 225: ...nm hr HDG Heading degrees OBS Selected Course POS Present position TK Actual Track degrees WPT Waypoint XTK Cross Track Error Correction nm displayed as FLY L 2 3 nm WPT 1 WIND POS HDG DA NORTH WPT 2 DIS ETE ETA GS ON TRACK Enroute Leg Mode BRG TK DTK WPT 1 WIND POS XTK TK HDG BRG GS NORTH WPT 2 DA OFF TRACK DME ARC Leg Mode D I S E T E E T A ARC Reference VOR NORTH NORTH DTK NORTH BRG OBS OFF TRA...

Page 226: ...Appendix A Navigation Terms A 2 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 227: ... Confirmed Before Use This message appears when the aeronautical database is out of date as a result of a date and time entered on the SET 2 page or Self Test page or as a result of a pilot entered date being over ridden by a date from the GPS receiver Airspace Alert name and type of special use airspace altitude boundaries responsible ATC facility This message appears when the estimated time to e...

Page 228: ... detected on the external ACTV annunciator output It is usually indicative of a failure of the wiring between the KLN 94 and the ACTV annunciator Have the installation checked to determine the problem Check APR ARM Annunciator This message appears when an overcurrent condition is detected on the external ARM annunciator output It is usually indicative of a failure of the wiring between the KLN 94 ...

Page 229: ...d course from an external HSI or CDI When the KLN 94 is in Leg mode this message occurs if the course change is greater than 5 If Required Select OBS This message appears when the aircraft is 4 nautical miles from a waypoint which could be used as the basis for either a procedure turn or a holding pattern and the KLN 94 is in the LEG mode Select the OBS mode when flying procedure turns or holding ...

Page 230: ...r for Published Approach Being Used This message appears when a user defined magnetic variation has been selected on the SET 2 page and an approach waypoint is active The KLN 94 will use the magnetic variation association with the approach waypoint Magnetic Var Invalid Nav Data Referenced To True North This message appears when the magnetic variation is invalid due to operation outside of the data...

Page 231: ...input is received on the RS 232 input such as from a fuel management or air data system No GPS Receiver Data This message appears when the KLN 94 fails a specific internal test for the GPS receiver This failure will prevent the unit from providing any navigation capability OBS Waypoint 200nm or OBS Waypoint 370 km This message is displayed when the KLN 94 is in the OBS mode and the distance to the...

Page 232: ...essage appears when there are not enough received GPS satellite signals to compute integrity RAIM Cross check the position of the aircraft with other means of navigation every 15 minutes to verify that the position is still accurate RAIM Position Error Cross Check Position This message appears when the KLN 94 has detected a problem with one of the satellites and the position can not be assured to ...

Page 233: ... internal memory backup battery is dead or that some other inter nal failure has occurred which has caused user data such as page setups to be lost Using Emergency Battery This message appears when an emergency back up battery is installed and it is supplying power to the KLN 94 Vnv Alert Vertical Navigation Alert This message appears when a VNAV operation has been programmed on the ALT 2 page and...

Page 234: ...Appendix B Message Page Messages B 8 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 235: ...ct a waypoint identifier on one of the waypoint type pages if there is more than one waypoint of that waypoint type having the same identifier Freq To NAV X frequency to navigation receiver X Appears when a KLN 94 is configured for QuickTuneTM operation and an approach is loaded into the active flight plan The approach frequency is sent to the standby window of the navigation receiver KX 155A or K...

Page 236: ...To must be initiated No Appr at Apt No approach at airport Appears when attempting to select an approach if you manually enter an airport on the Procedure PROC 2 page that doesn t have an approach in the database No Apr In Fpl No Approach in Flight Plan Appears when an attempt is made to arm the GPS approach mode when there is no approach loaded into the active flight plan Load an approach into th...

Page 237: ...e Procedure PROC 2 page which is not an airport Remarks Full Remarks Full Appears when you attempt to create a user entered Airport or Supplemental Waypoint remark on the APT 6 or SUP 3 page if 100 user entered remarks already exist In order to create additional air port remarks some existing remarks must be deleted on the AUX 12 page Used In Fpl Used in Flight Plan Appears when you attempt to del...

Page 238: ...Appendix C Scratchpad Messages C 4 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 239: ...re FL Florida GA Georgia IA Iowa ID Idaho IL Illinois IN Indiana KS Kansas KY Kentucky LA Louisiana MA Massachusetts MD Maryland ME Maine MI Michigan MN Minnesota MO Missouri MS Mississippi MT Montana NC North Carolina ND North Dakota NE Nebraska NH New Hampshire NJ New Jersey NM New Mexico NV Nevada NY New York OH Ohio OK Oklahoma KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix D Abbreviations D 1 ...

Page 240: ...ing CANADIAN PROVINCE ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIATION PROVINCE AB Alberta BC British Columbia MB Manitoba NB New Brunswick NF Newfoundland NS Nova Scotia NT NU Northwest Territory ON Ontario PE Prince Edward Island PQ Quebec SK Saskatchewan YK Yukon COUNTRY ABBREVIATIONS ABBREV COUNTRY AFGHAN AFGHANISTAN ALASKA ALASKA AK ALBANI ALBANIA ALGERI ALGERIA ANGOLA ANGOLA ANGUIL ANGUILLA I Appendix D Abbreviat...

Page 241: ...ANIA RUSSIA BELGIU BELGIUM BELIZE BELIZE BENIN BENIN BERMUD BERMUDA BHUTAN BHUTAN BOLIVI BOLIVIA BOSNIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVIA BOTSWA BOTSWANA BRAZIL BRAZIL BRUNE BRUNEI BULGAR BULGARIA BURKIN BURKINA FASO BURUND BURUNDI C AFRI CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC C USA USA IA KS MN MO NE ND SD C VERD CAPE VERDE CAMBOD CAMBODIA KAMPUCHEA CAMERO CAMEROON CANADA CANADA CANARY CANARY ISLANDS CAROLI CAROLINE ISLAN...

Page 242: ...TORIAL GUINEA ERITRE ERITREA ESTONI ESTONIA RUSSIA ETHIOP ETHIOPIA FALKLA FALKLAND ISLANDS FIJI FIJI TONGA FINLAN FINLAND FRANCE FRANCE GABON GABON GAMBIA GAMBIA GAZA GAZA GBRIT UNITED KINGDOM GERMAN GERMANY GHANA GHANA GIBRAL GIBRALTAR GN BIS GUINEA BISSAU GREECE GREECE GREENL GREENLAND GRENAD GRENADA GUADEL GUADELOUPE MARTINIQUE GUATEM GUATEMALA GUIANA FRENCH GUIANA GUINEA GUINEA GUYANA GUYANA H...

Page 243: ...STAN KYRGYZSTAN KAZ RU KAZAKHSTAN RUSSIA KAZ TA KAZAKHSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN KENYA KENYA KIRIBA KIRIBATI TUVALU PHEONIX I LINE I KITTS ST KITTS NEVIS KOR PR KOREA DEMO PEOPLES REPUBLIC KOREA KOREA KUWAIT KUWAIT LAOS LAOS LATVIA LATVIA LEBANO LEBANON LESOTH LESOTHO LIBER LIBERIA LIBYA LIBYA SPA JAMAHIRIYA LUCIA ST LUCIA LUXEMB LUXEMBOURG MACAU MACAU MACEDO MACEDONIA MADAGA MADAGASC...

Page 244: ...MA MYANMAR NAMIBI NAMIBIA NAURA NAURA NE USA USA CT DE DC ME MD MA NH NJ NY PA RI VA VT WV NEPAL NEPAL NETHER NETHERLANDS NEW ZE NEW ZEALAND NEWCAL NEW CALENDONIA NICARA NICARAGUA NIGER NIGER NIGERI NIGERIA NIUE I NIUE ISLAND NORWAY NORWAY NW USA USA ID MT OR WA WY OAKLAN OAKLAND OTCA PACIFIC OMAN OMAN P RICO PUERTO RICO PAKIST PAKISTAN PANAMA PANAMA PARAGU PARAGUAY PERU PERU PHILIP PHILIPPINES PN...

Page 245: ...IA SLOVEN SLOVENIA SOLO I SOLOMON ISLANDS SOMALI SOMALIA SPAIN SPAIN SRI LA SRI LANKI STPIER ST PIERRE AND MIQUELON SUDAN SUDAN SURINA SURINAME SW USA USA AZ CA CO NV NM UT SWAZIL SWAZILAND SWEDEN SWEDEN SWITZE SWITZERLAND SYRIA SYRIA TAIWAN TAIWAN TANZAN TANZANIA THAILA THAILAND TOGO TOGO TRINID TRINIDAD TABAGO TUNIS TUNISIA TURK I TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS UK TURKEY TURKEY UARABE UNITED ARAB EMIR...

Page 246: ...UGOSLAVIA ZAIRE FORMER ZAIRE ZAMBIA ZAMBIA ZIMBAB ZIMBABWE ARTCC ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIATION ARTCC ABQ ALBUQUERQUE ACC ACCRA ADD ADDIS ABABA ADE ADELAIDE ADN ADEN AKM AKMOLA AKT AKTYUBINSK AKU AKTAU ALG ALGIERS ALM ALMATY AMD AMDERMA AMM AMMAN AMS AMSTERDAM ANA ANADYR ANC ANCHORAGE ANK ANKARA ANT ANTANANARIVO ARA ARALSK ARK ARKHANGELSK ARY ARKAKYK ASH ASHGABAT ASM ASMARA AST ASTRAKHAN ASU ASUNCION ...

Page 247: ...EI BEIJING BEL BELEM BER BERMUDA BIA BIAK BIS BISHKEK BLA BLAGOVESCHENSK BLG BELGRADE BLO BLOEMFONTEIN BOD BODO BOG BOGOTA BOM BOMBAY BOR BORDEAUX BOS BOSTON BRA BEIRA BRD BRINDISI BRE BREMEN BRI BRISBANE BRL BERLIN BRN BARNAUL BRR BARRANQUILLA BRS BRASILIA UTA BRT BEIRUT BRU BRUSSELS BRV BRATISLAVA BRY BERYOZOVO BRZ BRAZZAVILLE BSK BRATSK KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix D Abbreviations D 9 ...

Page 248: ...CHELYABINSK CHI CHICAGO CHN CHENNAI CHO CHOKURDAKH CHR CHERSKY CHT CHITA CHU CHULMAN CLE CLEVELAND COC COCOS I COL COLOMBO COM COMODORO RIVADAVIA COP COPENHAGEN COR CORDOBA CRT CURITIBA CRZ CHARDZHEV CUR CURACAO DAK DAKAR DAM DAMASCUS DAR DARWIN DAS DASHKHOVUZ DEL DELHI DEN DENVER DES DAR ES SALAAM DHA DHAKA DIK DIKSON DOR DORNOD DSS DUSSELDORF DUR DURBAN DUS DUSHANBE Appendix D Abbreviations D 10...

Page 249: ...V HAVANA HK HONG KONG HNR HONIARA HOC HOCHIMINH HON HONOLULU CERAP HOU HOUSTON IND INDIANAPOLIS IRK IRKUTSK ISL ISLA DE PASCUA IST ISTANBUL JAK JAKARTA JAX JACKSONVILLE JED JEDDAH JOH JOHANNESBURG KAB KABUL KAG KARAGANDA KAL KALININGRAD KAM KAMENNYI MYS KAN KANO KAR KARACHI KAT KATHMANDU KAZ KAZAN KC KANSAS CITY KHA KHABAROVSK KHR KHARKIV KHT KHATANGA KIE KIEV KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix D Abbre...

Page 250: ...S KOSTANAY KOT KOTLAS KRA KRASNOVODSK KRK KARAKOL KRS KRASNOYARSK KRV KIROV KSH CHISINAU KSH KISHINAU KTM KHARTOUM KUN KUNMING KUR KURGAN KUW KUWAIT KYI KYIV LAH LAHORE LAP LA PAZ LAX LOS ANGELES LIL LILONGWE LIM LIMA LIS LISBON LJU LJUBLJANA LON LONDON LUA LUANDA LUB LUBUMBASHI LUS LUSAKA LVO LVOV MAD MADRID MAG MAGADAN MAI MAIQUETIA MAL MALE MAN MANILA Appendix D Abbreviations D 12 ...

Page 251: ... MIR MIRNY MLM MALMO MLT MALTA MNC MONCTON NORTHERN MNS MANAUS MNT MONTERREY MOG MOGADISHU MON MONTREAL MOS MOSCOW MRM MURMANSK MS MYS SHMIDTA MS MYS KAMENNY MSK MINSK MTV MONTEVIDEO MUM MUMBAI MUN MUNICH MUR MUREN MUS MUSCAT NAD NADI NAH NAHA NAI NAIROBI NAS NASSAU NDJ N DJAMENA NIC NICOSIA NIK NIKOLAEVSK NA AMURE NMY NIAMEY NOR NORILSK KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix D Abbreviations D 13 ...

Page 252: ...RINCE PAR PARIS PAV PAVLODAR PE PORT ELIZABETH PEC PECHORA PEM PERM PEN PENZA PEP PETROPAVLOVSK PER PERTH PET PETERSBURG PET SAINT PETERSBURG PET SANKT PETERSBURG PEV PEVEK PHN PHNOM PENH PIA PIARCO PM PORT MORESBY PMT PUERTO MONTT PRA PRAGUE PRM PARAMARIBO UTA PTR PETROPAVLOVSK KAM PV PORTO VELHO PYO PYONGYANG REC RECIFE RES RESISTENCIA REY REYKJAVIK RIG RIGA RIV RIVADAVIA Appendix D Abbreviation...

Page 253: ...EM SEMIPALATINSK SEY SEYCHELLES SHA SHANGHAI SHE SHENYANG SHN SHANNON SHW SHANWICK SHY SHYMKENT SIM SIMFEROPOL SIN SINGAPORE SJU SAN JUAN SKO SKOPJE SLC SALT LAKE CITY SLK SALEKHARD SM SANTA MARIA SMR SAMARKAND SNA SANAA SOF SOFIA SON SONDRESTROM STA STAVANGER STO STOCKHOLM SUK SUKHUMI SUN SUNDSVALL SUR SURGUT SWI SWITZERLAND SYD SYDNEY SYK SYKTYVKAR KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix D Abbreviations D...

Page 254: ...ICHIKI TIR TIRANA TKB TURKMENABAT TOK TOKYO TOR TORONTO TRI TRIPOLI TRO TRONDHEIM TUK TURKMENBASHI TUN TUNIS TUR TURUKHANSK TYU TYUMEN UFA UFA UJU UJUNG PANDANG ULA ULAANBAATAR UND UNDERHAAN URA URALSK URU URUMQI VAN VANCOUVER VAR VARNA VEL VELIKIYE LUKI VIE VIENNA VIL VILNIUS VLA VLADIVOSTOK VLO VOLOGDA VNT VIENTIANE VOL VOLGOGRAD VRK VORKUTA WAR WARSAW Appendix D Abbreviations D 16 ...

Page 255: ...VIATIONS USED ON KLN 94 PAGES A Airport waypoint A C Aircraft ACQ Acquisition ACT Active flight plan waypoints ADJ Adjust AKD Alaska Daylight Time AKS Alaska Standard Time ALT Altitude APT Airport ATD Atlantic Daylight Time ATS Atlantic Standard Time BRG Bearing CAL Calculator CDT Central Daylight Time CHAR Character CRS Course CRSR Cursor CST Central Standard Time DB Database DEGRD Degraded navig...

Page 256: ...tandard Time HAD Hawaii Daylight Time HAS Hawaii Standard Time HLT Health of space vehicle signal IDENT Identifier INIT Initialization KM Kilometers KT Knots L Left LCL Local M Meters MAG VAR Magnetic variation MDT Mountain Daylight Time MPM Meters per minute MSG Message MST Mountain Standard Time N NDB waypoint N North NAV Navigation NAV A Navigation with altitude aiding NAV D Navigation with dat...

Page 257: ...eference REQ Required RES Reserve fuel S South S Supplemental waypoint SDT Samoa Daylight Time SET Setup SNR Signal to noise ratio SST Samoa Standard Time SUP Supplemental SV Space vehicle SW Software TK Actual track TOT Total U User defined waypoint USR User defined waypoint UTC Coordinated Universal Time Zulu V VOR waypoint W West WPT Waypoint Z Zulu time KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix D Abbrevia...

Page 258: ...Appendix D Abbreviations D 20 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 259: ...ongitude in degrees minutes and seconds This table may be used to convert seconds to hundredths of a minute SECONDS HUNDREDTHS OF A MINUTE 00 00 01 02 02 03 03 05 04 07 05 08 06 10 07 12 08 13 09 15 10 17 11 18 12 20 13 22 14 23 15 25 16 27 17 28 18 30 19 32 20 33 21 35 22 37 23 38 24 40 25 42 26 43 27 45 28 47 29 48 30 50 31 52 32 53 KLN 94 Pilot s Guide Appendix E Lat Lon Conversions E 1 ...

Page 260: ...4 57 35 58 36 60 37 62 38 63 39 65 40 67 41 68 42 70 43 72 44 73 45 75 46 77 47 78 48 80 49 82 50 83 51 85 52 87 53 88 54 90 55 92 56 93 57 95 58 97 59 98 For example 35 46 24 is the same as 35 46 40 32 15 58 is the same as 32 15 97 Appendix E Lat Lon Conversions E 2 ...

Page 261: ...ould be turned back on at another time GPS POSITION DETERMINING CONCEPT The technique used to determine position is fundamentally very simple The complicated part is accounting for and correcting all the possible errors in the position The GPS receiver is able to determine the time it takes a radio signal to travel from the satellite to the GPS antenna Since this radio signal travels at the speed ...

Page 262: ...he GPS system 24 hours a day every day There are almost always more than six satellites in view from anywhere on Earth The Control Segment consists of a network of ground based monitoring and control stations The Master Control Station is located in Colorado Springs Colorado All satellite data which is collected by the other ground stations is assimilated and analyzed at Colorado Springs Based on ...

Page 263: ...sources should be used to cross check the position Additionally sometimes the receiver is unable to assure the position to enough accuracy for the phase of flight due to the location of the satellites at that instant RAIM availability is very seldom a difficulty when in the en route and termi nal phases of navigation The allowable limits are much tighter when a non precision approach is performed ...

Page 264: ... Improved position accuracy The ability of the GPS receiver to perform the RAIM calculations is enhanced without degrading position tracking Appendix F GPS Primer F 4 ...

Page 265: ...red Page annunciation along bottom of display instead of on bezel SCAN annunciator on display when the small inner knob is pulled out VTF annunciation on display when Vectors To Final loaded or activated section 3 3 and 6 2 8 Full time display of DTK and TK on all pages except map page section 3 3 DTK is displayed full time on map page and TK is an option section 3 11 4 2 A new procedure PROC butt...

Page 266: ...nfiguring map aeronautical data section 3 11 4 4 land data section 3 11 4 6 map orientation section 3 11 4 8 To bring up the NAV 4 Map page from any other page section 3 11 4 1 Land data shown on map section 3 11 4 6 Roads Rivers and lakes Railroads Cities Boundaries country state Obstacles Nearest aeronautical information shown on map sections 3 11 4 4 and 3 11 4 5 and in nearest waypoint lists s...

Page 267: ...mall inner knob Examples are the NAV 1 page section 3 11 1 and the FPL 0 page section 4 2 5 Data loader jack built into front panel instead of having to mount in instrument panel section 2 4 1 and figure 3 1 Added most DMEs associated with ILS and LOC to the intersection section of the database section 6 2 13 Note This has also been added to the KLN 89B also Added most terminal NDBs to the databas...

Page 268: ...ave the format of RNAV 18L can now be acco modated The is a letter or number that designates there is more than one approach of a given type i e RNAV to the same runway This format has been adopted by the FAA and other international avia tion agencies Example 1 There could be RNAV Y 18L and RNAV Z 18L approaches at the same airport Example 2 There could be RNAV 1 09L and RNAV 2 09L approaches at t...

Page 269: ...rs to final 6 20 VTF 6 20 Waypoint in the OBS mode 5 18 Aeronautical data on map 3 42 Actual track 3 9 3 41 A 1 Adding waypoints to flight plan 4 5 Air data pages 5 37 Airport data Bearing and distance 3 51 3 52 City State or country 3 51 Communication frequencies 3 55 Fuel availability 3 53 Identifier 2 4 Instrument approach availability 3 53 3 59 Latitude longitude 3 52 Military 3 51 Name 3 51 N...

Page 270: ...a 1 1 Approach active ACTV mode 6 3 Approach armed ARM mode 6 3 Approach frequencies 3 55 Approaches Annunciations 6 3 Changing 6 11 Deleting 6 11 Examples 6 13 Loading 6 6 Non approved 6 35 Problems 6 37 Selecting 6 6 APT 1 Name City page 3 51 APT 2 Lat Lon distance page 3 52 APT 3 Airspace timezone apr type page 3 53 APT 4 Runways Rnwy length page 3 54 APT 5 VHF frequencies page 3 55 APT 6 Pilot...

Page 271: ...AUX 15 Fuel management 5 35 AUX 16 Fuel management 5 36 AUX 17 Fuel management 5 36 AUX 18 Fuel management 5 37 AUX 19 Fuel management 5 37 AUX 20 Air data 5 38 AUX 21 Air data 5 38 B Baro set 3 3 5 1 6 16 Battery 2 9 Boundary lines on map display 3 44 Bearing to waypoints 3 37 3 41 3 51 Brightness See Display brightness C Canadian province abbreviations D 2 Cancel Direct To operation 3 36 4 13 CD...

Page 272: ...ntifier character 3 16 Creating Flight plans 4 1 User waypoint at know latitude longitude 5 11 User waypoint at present position 5 10 User waypoint from another waypoint 5 12 Cross track distance 3 37 3 41 A 1 CRSR button 3 12 CTA 3 55 Cursor 3 12 D Database Airports 2 2 3 51 Card 2 5 Contents 2 1 Currency requirements for approach use 6 2 DMEs 2 3 6 36 Functions 2 1 Geographical regions 2 0 ICAO ...

Page 273: ...4 4 14 A 1 Direct To operation Canceling Direct To 3 36 4 13 From NAV 4 map page 3 49 NAV 1 page to Direct To 3 35 3 37 Procedures 3 33 3 49 Recenter D bar 3 35 Using with flight plan operation 4 12 VNAV 5 3 Waypoint alerting 3 36 Disable turn anticipation 4 11 Display brightness 3 2 Display format 3 9 Display Segments 3 9 Distance 3 9 6 36 A 1 DME using GPS as substitute 6 36 DME arcs 6 30 DP dep...

Page 274: ...ffix 6 9 FAF final approach fix 6 4 6 9 Fence 6 10 Flight plans Activating 4 4 Active flight plan 4 1 4 5 4 8 Adding waypoints 4 5 Creating 4 1 Deleting 4 7 Deleting waypoints 4 6 Direct to operation in flight plans 3 49 4 12 Editing 4 5 4 6 Flight plan O active flight plan 4 1 4 5 4 8 Inverting 4 5 Operating from the active flight plan 4 8 Rules of use of 4 8 Storing active flight plan as a numbe...

Page 275: ...d 3 9 H h missed approach holding point identifier suffix 6 9 Heading 3 46 5 30 5 38 Holding pattern 3 50 6 18 6 24 6 25 6 29 6 35 How To Index iv HSI 1 1 I i initial approach fix identifier suffix 6 9 IAF initial approach fix 6 9 Selecting 6 7 ICAO identifiers 2 4 Initial position 3 6 3 20 Initialization 3 3 3 19 INT page Intersection page 3 62 Integrity monitoring See RAIM Intercept DME arc 6 30...

Page 276: ...ing aeronautical data 3 42 Configuring land data 3 44 Configuring navigation data 3 41 Decluttering 3 43 3 45 3 48 Direct To From map page 3 49 Format 3 41 Orientation 3 46 Overzoom icon 3 48 Range scale 3 47 Symbols 3 46 Waypoint scanning 3 49 MAP missed approach holding point 3 33 3 35 6 9 MAHP missed approach holding point 6 9 Message MSG button prompt and page 3 11 3 18 Messages Appendix B Met...

Page 277: ...tion NAV 2 page 3 39 Primary navigation NAV 1 page 3 37 Times relating to navigation NAV 3 3 39 Navigation terminology A 1 NDB 1 page 2 61 NDB data Bearing and distance 3 62 Frequency 3 62 Identifier 3 61 Latitude longitude 3 62 Name 3 62 Nearest 3 27 NDBs on map display 3 42 Nearest Airports 3 29 Centers 3 32 Flight Service Stations 3 31 Special Use Airspace 3 30 Waypoints 3 27 NOS charts 6 11 NO...

Page 278: ...1 6 6 6 40 PROC 2 page 6 1 6 6 6 40 Procedure PROC button 6 1 6 6 6 39 6 40 Procedure turns 3 50 6 26 6 29 Q QuickTune 3 70 R Radar vectors 6 7 6 20 Radial from a waypoint 3 38 3 41 Railroad on map display 3 44 RAIM receiver autonomous integrity monitoring 6 17 6 37 Prediction 6 37 Range scale for map 3 48 Receiver status 5 21 5 23 Remarks Airport page 3 57 User waypoint page 3 64 Rivers on map di...

Page 279: ...data aeronautical 3 42 SET 8 Map data land 3 44 SET 9 Voltage BUS Alerting page 5 20 SET 10 Turn Anticipation page 4 11 SET 11 Default 1st character page 3 16 SET 12 Set units 5 42 SET 13 Altitude Alerting page 5 7 Simulator Take Home mode 3 2 3 72 Sneak Preview of operation ii SNR signal to noise ratio 5 23 Software configuration Inside cover Software status 5 34 Special use airspace Alerting 3 6...

Page 280: ... 5 30 TMA 3 55 To From indicator 3 37 Tower rings 3 43 Towers obstacles see obstacles on map display Track See Actual Track Transitions DP STAR selecting 6 41 6 42 True airspeed 5 29 5 30 5 37 Turn anticipation 4 10 Turn 0n 3 1 Trip planning 5 24 5 26 U Updating the database 2 4 User waypoints 3 42 5 32 USR 0 page 3 63 USR 1 page 3 64 USR 2 page 3 64 USR 3 page 3 64 UTC See Time zone V Vectors To ...

Page 281: ...ges Active waypoint 4 11 Airport 3 51 Duplicate 3 16 Intersection 3 62 NDB 3 61 Selecting waypoint pages 3 21 User defined waypoint 3 63 5 9 VOR 3 60 Waypoint scanning window 3 49 Waypoints Adding to flight plan 4 5 Creating user waypoint 5 9 Deleting from flight plan 4 6 Deleting user waypoint 5 32 Duplicate 3 16 From and To waypoints 3 33 3 37 4 8 Selecting and scanning 3 21 Viewing user waypoin...

Page 282: ...Index I 14 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 283: ......

Page 284: ...rnational Inc One Technology Center 23500 West 105th Street Olathe Kansas 66061 FAX 913 791 1302 Telephone 913 782 0400 Copyright 2000 2002 Honeywell International Inc All rights reserved 006 18207 0000 Rev 2 7 02 N ...

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