Ford 2001 Ranger, Manual

Page: 831 / 1218

2001 ELECTRIC RANGER VEHICLE
2-3 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
Some engine circuits may need special test equip-
ment and special procedures. See the Workshop
Manual and other service books for details. You will
find the circuits in this manual to be helpful with those
special test procedures.
TROUBLESHOOTING TOOLS
JUMPER WIRE
This is a test lead used to connect two points of a
circuit. A Jumper Wire can bypass an open to com-
plete a circuit.
WARNING
Never use a jumper wire across loads (motors,
etc.) connected between hot and ground. This
direct battery short may cause injury or fire.
VOLTMETER
A DC Voltmeter measures circuit voltage. Connect
negative (- or black) lead to ground, and positive (+
or red) lead to voltage measuring point.
OHMMETER
OHMS
Figure 1 – Resistance Check
An Ohmmeter shows the resistance between two
connected points (Figure 1).
TEST LAMP
TEST
LAMP
Figure 2 – Test Lamp
A Test Light is a 12-volt bulb with two test leads
(Figure 2).
Uses: Voltage Check, Short Check.
SELF-POWERED TEST LAMP
SELF-
POWERED
TEST
LAMP
SWITCH
Figure 3 – Continuity Check
The Self-Powered Test Lamp is a bulb, battery and
set of test leads wired in series (Figure 3). When con-
nected to two points of a continuous circuit, the bulb
glows.
Uses: Continuity Check, Ground Check.
CAUTION
When using a self-powered test lamp or ohmme-
ter, be sure power is off in circuit during testing.
Hot circuits can cause equipment damage and
false readings.
FUSE
BATTERY
M
TEST LAMP
MOTOR
JUMPER
WIRE
ACROSS
SWITCH
Figure 4 – Switch Circuit Check and
Voltage Check
In an inoperative circuit with a switch in series with
the load, jumper the terminals of the switch to power
the load. If jumpering the terminals powers the cir-
cuit, the switch is inoperative (Figure 4).
CONTINUITY CHECK
(Locating open circuits)
Connect one lead of Self-Powered Test Lamp or
Ohmmeter to each end of circuit (Figure 3). Lamp will
glow if circuit is closed. Switches and fuses can be
checked in the same way.