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Fluke CableAnalyzer DSP-4000 Series, User Manual

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Fluke CableAnalyzer DSP-4000 Series User Manual Download Page 159

Basic Cable Testing

Troubleshooting Basics

7

7-31

Table 7-1. Identifying Cable Faults (continued)

Wire Map Display

Diagnostics Display (

F

)

Plot

Wire map display showing
short between pins 1 and 3.

oy64i.bmp

oy65i.bmp

NEXT test fails.

oy66i.bmp

oy67i.bmp

Impedance anomaly is
detected.

HDTDR plot shows an
impedance anomaly caused
by a 150 

Ω

 cable segment in

a 100 

Ω

 run.

oy68i.bmp

oy70i.bmp

Summary of Contents for CableAnalyzer DSP-4000 Series

Page 1: ...TM DSP 4000 Series CableAnalyzer Users Manual PN 1580351 July 2000 2000 Fluke Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in USA All product names are trademarks of their respective companies...

Page 2: ...n of operation or handling Fluke Networks will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work Following repair the product will be returned to the Buyer transp...

Page 3: ...Card DSP 4100 2 6 Quick Configuration 2 8 Results within Accuracy Range 2 9 Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable 2 10 Saving Test Reports 2 11 Using the Talk Mode 2 14 Autotest on Coaxial Cable 2 15 Main U...

Page 4: ...he HDTDX Analyzer 4 6 The HDTDR Test 4 9 Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cable 4 14 Single Tests for Coaxial Cable 4 16 Monitoring Network Activity 4 19 Identifying Hub Port Connections 4 22 Moni...

Page 5: ...Skew 7 18 Nominal Velocity of Propagation NVP 7 19 High Definition Time Domain Reflectometry HDTDR 7 20 ACR 7 24 RL 7 26 Troubleshooting Basics 7 27 8 Maintenance and Specifications 8 1 Maintenance 8...

Page 6: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual iv...

Page 7: ...ults Screen 3 18 3 6 Items on the RL Results Screen 3 20 4 1 Remote Requirements for Cable Tests 4 3 4 2 Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen 4 7 4 3 Effects of Termination on HDTDR Results 4 10...

Page 8: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual vi...

Page 9: ...c Diagnostics Displays 3 6 3 4 The Attenuation Plot Screen 3 12 3 5 The NEXT Plot Screen 3 14 3 6 The ELFEXT Plot Screen 3 17 3 7 The ACR Plot Screen 3 19 3 8 The RL Plot Screen 3 21 3 9 Autotest Conn...

Page 10: ...NVP is Calculated 7 19 7 12 Signals Reflected from an Open Shorted and Terminated Cable 7 21 7 13 Example of an HDTDR Plot 7 23 7 14 A Plot of NEXT Attenuation and the Resulting ACR 7 25 8 1 Removing...

Page 11: ...ing this manual Contacting Fluke Networks Visit the Fluke Networks web site at www flukenetworks com To order accessories or get the location of the nearest Fluke Networks distributor or service cente...

Page 12: ...t tool includes the following features Certifies LAN basic link and channel configurations to IEEE ANSI TIA and ISO IEC standards Optional Fiber Test Adapters lets you certify LAN basic fiber links to...

Page 13: ...NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT PSELFEXT attenuation ACR PSACR and RL Shows NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT PSELFEXT attenuation ACR and PSACR results up to 350 MHz Gives remote results for NEXT PSNEXT ACR and RL Optional DSP...

Page 14: ...5E 2 AC adapter chargers 120 V US only or universal adapter chargers and line cords outside North America 1 Memory card reader DSP 4100 1 16 MB memory card DSP 4100 2 NiMH battery packs installed 2 He...

Page 15: ...Battery Pack RS 232 Cable DSP LIA011 2 DSP LIA012 2 Straps 2 Headsets 2 DSP 4100 Memory Card Reader Memory Card AC Adapter Charger or Coaxial Cable CableManager Software CD RJ45 to BNC Adapter DSP 400...

Page 16: ...e 3 Refer to the Glossary in the Appendix to find definitions for unfamiliar terms If you have never used a LAN cable tester but want to start testing cables immediately and learn as you work proceed...

Page 17: ...features and how to prepare the test tool for use 3 Read Chapter 3 Autotest to learn how to run the most commonly used cable test and interpret the test results 4 Read Chapter 4 Running Individual Tes...

Page 18: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 1 8...

Page 19: ...ernational electrical symbols used on the instrument or in this manual are described in Table 2 1 Certification symbols are described in Specifications in Chapter 8 Table 2 1 International Electrical...

Page 20: ...user Never connect the CABLE TEST input to any LAN inputs systems or equipment Doing so is a misapplication of this product which can result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock ha...

Page 21: ...st results Never operate portable transmitting devices during a cable test Doing so might cause erroneous test results When using the optional channel traffic link interface adapter DSP LIA013 never r...

Page 22: ...ac adapter charger to the test tool or remote and to ac line power You can operate the unit on ac power while the battery charges A fully charged battery typically lasts at least 8 hours See Battery...

Page 23: ...For use on the main and remote units Two DSP LIA012 Channel Adapters for Cat 5 and 5E Feature shielded Cat 5 RJ45 connectors Tests shielded or unshielded Cat 5 and 5E channel installations See Chapte...

Page 24: ...l Figure 2 2 shows how to insert and remove the card You do not need to turn the test tool off before inserting or removing the card Before you store test results the card must be formatted as follows...

Page 25: ...card Removing the card Inserting the card oy79f eps Figure 2 2 Inserting and Removing the Memory card To see the status of the memory card press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autot...

Page 26: ...FTK Report Identification Enter your company s name operators names and site names These names appear in the Autotest reports you save Store Plot Data DSP 4100 Enable this setting to store plot data f...

Page 27: ...ttings Results within Accuracy Range An asterisk following a test result value indicates that the value is within the test tool s range of accuracy as shown in Figure 2 3 All tests except the wire map...

Page 28: ...ropagation Delay Delay Skew Impedance NEXT and ELFEXT Near End and Equal Level Far End Crosstalk Attenuation ACR Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio RL Return Loss PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT PSELFEXT Power Sum...

Page 29: ...mode 6 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord 7 Press T to start the Autotest Saving Test Reports When an Autotest i...

Page 30: ...ion outlet Test equipment cord Test equipment cord Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA oy68f e...

Page 31: ...PC Transition outlet Patch cord from hub Patch cord from PC Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Channel LIA Channel LIA oy03...

Page 32: ...013 does not support the Talk mode Use the Talk mode as follows 1 Connect the main and remote units to the cable under test 2 Plug the headsets into the headset jacks on the main and remote units 3 Pr...

Page 33: ...C nodes connected to the cable you are testing 2 If you want the Autotest to report cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cable 3 Attach any channel link interface adapter to the...

Page 34: ...8 PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC For Length Test remove far end Terminator Test Tool OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 F...

Page 35: ...on the main unit and Table 2 4 explains their functions OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 FAULT INFO DSP 4100 Side Plate DSP 4000 Side...

Page 36: ...p and down movement on the display Increase or decrease the numerical values of user definable parameters H C Controls the display backlight Pressing for 1 second allows adjustment of the display cont...

Page 37: ...ding Charging is beginning This state may last for several minutes until fast charging begins LED steady red Fast charge The unit stays in fast charge mode for up to 4 hours or until either the batter...

Page 38: ...al 2 20 Remote Features Figure 2 8 shows the features on the remote unit and Table 2 5 explains their functions ON OFF PASS TESTING TALKING FAIL LOW BATTERY TALK 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 oy06f eps F...

Page 39: ...s LED steady red Fast charge The unit stays in fast charge mode for up to 4 hours or until either the battery is fully charged or a test is initiated 4 AC power indicator LED steady green Charge compl...

Page 40: ...2 1 3 oy71f ep 1 DSP LIA011 cable and plug Shielded Cat 5 twisted pair cable with a shielded Cat 5 RJ45 plug for testing basic link installations 2 DSP LIA012 jack Shielded Cat 5 RJ45 jack for testing...

Page 41: ...o attach the strap and open the bail oy07f eps Figure 2 10 Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on...

Page 42: ...f the tests and limits associated with common standards see the document provided on the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com Headroom Reports the worst case margin for a parameter determin...

Page 43: ...f the NEXT from the other pairs The following tests apply to coaxial cable Impedance Measures the impedance of the cable Resistance Measures the loop resistance of the cable shield and terminator Leng...

Page 44: ...le type Edit the report identification that appears on saved Autotests Set the cable ID to increment automatically each time you save Autotest results On DSP 4100 test tools you can set the test tool...

Page 45: ...nctions Allows you to do the following View or delete test reports saved in memory Change the cable identification assigned to a saved Autotest report Generate a tone to use with an inductive pickup d...

Page 46: ...s INTERNAL FAULT DETECTED REFER TO MANUAL For information see If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 Selecting a Language for Displays and Reports The test tool displays results and prints reports in Eng...

Page 47: ...on by turning the rotary switch to a new position If the self test fails refer to If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 Overvoltage Test The test tool periodically checks for dc voltages on twisted pair...

Page 48: ...ng sections provide more details about configuring your test tool You can configure the test tool in the SETUP mode or you can use the CableManager software provided to download SETUP selections from...

Page 49: ...USE D U KEYS TO ADJUST CONTRAST Adjust the contrast to the desired level then press E to accept the new level The display contrast setting is saved in memory when you turn off the test tool Selecting...

Page 50: ...7 further explains these connections Note The test tool displays a message if you try to run a test not supported by the attached link interface adapter To select a test standard and cable type proce...

Page 51: ...ave been entered you must delete a name before adding a new name To rename or delete an existing operator or site name press Edit select the desired name then press Rename or Delete Changes to names p...

Page 52: ...ou specify which characters are incremented by entering a range of cable IDs in SETUP Enabling the Auto Increment Function The test tool s auto increment function increments only the last alphanumeric...

Page 53: ...n error message The auto sequence function increments letters and numbers starting with the farthest right character then moving left Special characters and matching characters are not incremented As...

Page 54: ...then press E Use and to move the cursor through the ID Use Delete to delete characters to the left of the cursor 7 Press S when you are finished then press E When necessary you can edit the cable ID...

Page 55: ...ed More results can be saved if plot data is not included Note Storing plot data with Autotest results reduces the number of results you can save Enable or disable this setting as follows 1 Turn the r...

Page 56: ...ck that records the date and time for saved test results To change the date or time or the format for the date or time proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down until you...

Page 57: ...ough it were turned on with the rotary switch To set the power down timer or enable disable the timer proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down 3 Use D to highlight the po...

Page 58: ...conds Talk mode is active Talk LED turns on Battery voltage is low The unit beeps and the low battery LED flashes continuously Battery voltage is too low to operate The unit beeps and the low battery...

Page 59: ...he test tool off and connect the ac adapter charger If the tool does not operate when you turn it on turn it off again and allow the battery to charge for about 30 minutes WARNING REMOTE BATTERY VOLTA...

Page 60: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 42...

Page 61: ...g softkey functions are active on various Autotest screens or View Result shows the results of the last Autotest run shows detailed test results regarding the highlighted cable pair or pairs View Plot...

Page 62: ...h cord 4 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST 5 Verify that the settings displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode 6 Connect the main unit to the near end of...

Page 63: ...ransition outlet Test equipment cord Test equipment cord Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA o...

Page 64: ...ansition outlet Patch cord from hub Patch cord from PC Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Channel LIA Channel LIA oy03f eps...

Page 65: ...link Larger headroom values correspond to better cable performance To pass or fail a cable based on a minimum headroom value enter the minimum value as part of a custom test standard see Chapter 6 Wo...

Page 66: ...m at the top of the display shows the location of the failure The bottom half of the display describes the failure and suggests ways to fix the fault When appropriate softkeys let you see the plot or...

Page 67: ...ctions between the near and far ends of the cable on all four pairs Shield continuity is also tested if a shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the test standard was selected Th...

Page 68: ...g does not form a recognizable circuit Reversed pairs Wires 1 and 2 are crossed Crossed pairs Pairs 1 2 and 3 6 are crossed Short Wires 1 and 3 are shorted You can use the HDTDR test to locate the sho...

Page 69: ...it and pass fail result for each cable pair Length is displayed in meters or feet You can change the length units in the SETUP mode as described in Selecting a Length Unit in Chapter 2 Notes A 2 to 5...

Page 70: ...Note Impedance measurements require a cable at least 5 m 16 ft long Cables shorter than this length will always pass the impedance test A PASS result means that the measured impedance is within the sp...

Page 71: ...vant to the results Result The overall result for the test A PASS result means that measured attenuation is lower than the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the m...

Page 72: ...side of the plot 3 The attenuation level frequency and margin at the cursor s position Margin is the difference between the limit and the measured value If you move the cursor beyond the highest test...

Page 73: ...en Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Result The overall result for the NEXT test A PASS result indicates that the NEXT between the cable pairs was higher than the specifie...

Page 74: ...he cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position If you move the c...

Page 75: ...ring the resulting crosstalk at the near end of the cable ELFEXT is calculated as the difference in dB between the measured FEXT and attenuation values If the ELFEXT test fails you can use the F key t...

Page 76: ...andard A FAIL result means that the calculated ELFEXT is lower than the specified value ELFEXT dB The worst margin and worst ELFEXT The worst margin is the ELFEXT value that is closest to falling belo...

Page 77: ...ency and margin at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s positi...

Page 78: ...isted as the Atten Pair produced the NEXT used in the ACR calculation Atten Pair The pair that produced the attenuation value used in calculating the ACR result Result The overall result for the ACR t...

Page 79: ...or s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use L R to move the curs...

Page 80: ...RL results screen Table 3 6 Items on the RL Results Screen Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Result The overall result for the RL test A PASS result means that the measured...

Page 81: ...or s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use L R to move the curs...

Page 82: ...sum effect of NEXT on a cable pair PSELFEXT Power Sum ELFEXT The PSELFEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined FEXT from the other pairs To calculate PSELFEXT for a cable...

Page 83: ...6 7 8 PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC For Length Test remove far end Terminator Test Tool OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3...

Page 84: ...cable 7 Press T to start the Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cable An Autotest on coaxial cable performs the following tests Characteristic Impedance Note Impedance measurements require a cable...

Page 85: ...is not connected If a terminator is connected the result of the length test is reported as NO REFLECTION A PASS result means that the measured length is within the limit specified by the selected test...

Page 86: ...You can save the results from an Autotest anytime after the Autotest is complete but before another Autotest or a Single Test is started A cable identification cable ID is assigned to each Autotest y...

Page 87: ...the name use the L R and D U keys to highlight characters in the list then press E B The date and time when the Autotest was completed C The default name assigned to the results from the most recentl...

Page 88: ...is shown The list includes the cable IDs for all saved Autotest results IDs used for previously saved results are marked with a Unused IDs are listed after used IDs The timestamp that will be saved w...

Page 89: ...Report Use the editing softkeys to edit the cable identification refer to the softkey descriptions in Figure 3 10 5 Press S If Memory is Full If the Autotest results you save fill the last available m...

Page 90: ...PRINT mode See Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports for complete instructions The overall result printed on a report can be a pass or fail or warning A failure of any test required by the sele...

Page 91: ...or using the tone generator Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cable The SINGLE TEST mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the tests available in the Autotest mode except the ACR and ELF...

Page 92: ...ger when using the scanning function for more than 1 minute When to Use a Remote Unit A remote unit is required only when testing twisted pair cable Table 4 1 shows which cable tests require a remote...

Page 93: ...ported as open assuming the cable pair is not shorted RL RL REMOTE Recommended for RL required for RL REMOTE ACR ACR REMOTE PSACR PSACR REMOTE Required Tests available only in Autotest mode PSNEXT PSN...

Page 94: ...the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord 4 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST 5 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link For...

Page 95: ...C Transition outlet Patch cord from hub Patch cord from PC Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Channel LIA Channel LIA oy08f...

Page 96: ...pear at the sources of the crosstalk A level over 50 represents a crosstalk magnitude that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard The HDTDX analyzer results are not intended for use...

Page 97: ...2 Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Peak The highest magnitude of crosstalk measured on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates...

Page 98: ...le represents the location of the main test tool 3 Magnitude of crosstalk on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates a crosstalk level that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard Cr...

Page 99: ...cation and size of the anomalies in a list or plot format The reflection values displayed are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The values represent the approximate size of the reflections...

Page 100: ...ith remote Two largest reflections greater than or equal to 15 Largest reflection is identified as the end of the cable All reflections are shown Coaxial cable with no terminator Two largest reflectio...

Page 101: ...orrect 6 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link 7 Use D to highlight HDTDR 8 Press E to run the HDTDR test Running the HDTDR Test on Coaxial Cable To run the HDTDR test on coaxial cab...

Page 102: ...the end of the cable The second distance if shown is the distance from the test tool to the beginning of the largest anomaly that caused a reflection greater than the limit defined by the selected te...

Page 103: ...relative to the size of the HDTDR test signal Positive values indicate locations on the cable where the impedance is higher than the cable s characteristic impedance Negative values indicate location...

Page 104: ...gth If a remote is connected the length test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Length in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message NO RE...

Page 105: ...st See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message NO REMOTE DETECTED and all pair resistances are reported as OPEN A cable pair with a resistan...

Page 106: ...in the MONITOR mode see the later section Monitoring Network Activity To run a Single Test on coaxial cable refer to Figure 4 4 and proceed as follows 1 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cable y...

Page 107: ...1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC For Length Test remove far end Terminator Channel LIA Test Tool OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT...

Page 108: ...Autotest version See Impedance in Chapter 3 for details Resistance Identical to Autotest version See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details The Single Test version of the resistance test includes the sca...

Page 109: ...on network activity If you want to troubleshoot active networks contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on LAN diagnostic tools When connected to a network the test tool automatica...

Page 110: ...tool s unused test connector 5 Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as shown in Figure 4 5 Connect to the jack indicated by the arrow at the top of the di...

Page 111: ...tage of collision frames as compared to the total number of frames detected in the last 1 second Collisions are counted when runt packets are detected Collisions Average The average of all the 1 secon...

Page 112: ...s E 4 Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as directed on the display 5 Locate the connected port by finding the flashing LED on the hub s LED panel Monit...

Page 113: ...t The impulse noise test is not valid for coaxial cable because the level of noise on coaxial cable is negligible To monitor impulse noise refer to Figure 4 6 and proceed as follows Note To extend bat...

Page 114: ...ers Smart Remote OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 FAULT INFO DSP 4000 SMART REMOTE ON OFF PASS TESTING TALKING...

Page 115: ...u want to change the fault threshold see the earlier section Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold Noise Test The overall result of the noise test Displayed only when 10BASE T is selected A PASS result...

Page 116: ...e Tone Generator If you have an inductive pickup device such as a Fluke Networks 140 A Bug Tone Probe you can use the test tool s tone generator to identify twisted pair and coaxial cable runs and con...

Page 117: ...ion describes how to send reports directly to a printer If you want to send reports to a computer use the CableManager software provided with the test tool See the Appendix or the online help in Cable...

Page 118: ...switch to PRINT 2 Use D U to highlight Edit Print Parameters Press E 3 Use D U to highlight the parameter you want to change 4 Press Choice 5 Use D U to highlight the setting you want 6 Press E to se...

Page 119: ...an appropriate cable to connect the test tool to the printer 4 Turn the rotary switch to PRINT 5 Use D U to highlight the print function you want 6 Press E to select the highlighted function The resu...

Page 120: ...the cable identification entered for each report and an overall test result for each report Selected Report Summary Same as Selected Autotest Reports except that reports are printed in summary form E...

Page 121: ...control settings are the same for the test tool and the printer Verify that the printer type in SETUP matches the type of printer connected to the test tool Verify that the interface cable is securel...

Page 122: ...st result pass fail or warning 3 Use Page Up Page Down and D U to highlight the report you want to view rename or delete 4 Press the softkey labeled with the function you want The softkeys function as...

Page 123: ...aintained by a lithium battery You can calibrate your test tool to work with two different remotes Self calibration is not required when you switch between link interface adapters To ensure maximum ac...

Page 124: ...ol to the remote as directed by the displayed messages 5 Press T to start the calibration When the calibration is complete the calibration data and the remote s serial number are automatically stored...

Page 125: ...delay 1 Attach a channel link interface interface adapter to the main unit 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 3 Use D to highlight Determine Cable NVP 4 Press E 5 As prompted by the displa...

Page 126: ...of Propagation Maximum cable length Fault threshold for impedance anomalies Wire map assignments for cable pairs Resistance test enabled or disabled Impedance test enabled or disabled Attenuation tes...

Page 127: ...ault cable names are Custom Cable 1 through Custom Cable 4 An asterisk always proceeds and follows the name of a custom test configuration Press E 4 Use U D to select a parameter to change Use Page Do...

Page 128: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 6 6...

Page 129: ...ting procedures for LAN cable LAN Cable Construction LAN cables have a number of characteristics in common with other types of electrical cables All electrical cables have continuity which means that...

Page 130: ...forms a complete electrical path for signal transmission The currents flowing through the wires in each pair are equal but flow in opposite directions These currents produce electromagnetic fields th...

Page 131: ...in 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pair 1 Pair 2 WO O Pair 2 WG G WBR BR Pair 4 BL WBL Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pair 1 Pair 3 568A 568B oy28f eps Figure 7 2 EIA TIA...

Page 132: ...and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise The shield also helps eliminate signal loss by keeping the transmitted signal confined to cable Coaxial cable can carry...

Page 133: ...installed between the closet and the first wall outlet in the work area This segment of cable is the basic link shown in Figure 7 4 As defined in TSB 67 the basic link consists of up to 90 m of horiz...

Page 134: ...ctor at each end and up to 10 meters of equipment patch cables Because of the extra connectors and patch cables the test limits for a channel are looser than those for the basic link A channel with ju...

Page 135: ...of energy through the cable s insulating material This loss of energy is expressed in decibels Lower attenuation values correspond to better cable performance For example when comparing the performan...

Page 136: ...rors in a LAN OUT IN oy31f eps Figure 7 7 Sources of Electrical Noise Electrical noise is generated by any device that uses or generates voltages that vary over time Varying voltage generates a varyin...

Page 137: ...ulse noise spikes that have an amplitude greater than the selected impulse noise threshold Characteristic Impedance Characteristic impedance is the impedance that a cable would have if the cable were...

Page 138: ...ng pattern of twisted pair cable You can avoid problems with impedance discontinuities by observing the following precautions during installation Never mix cables with different characteristic impedan...

Page 139: ...ying a test signal to one cable pair and measuring the amplitude of the crosstalk signals received by the other cable pairs The NEXT value expressed in decibels is computed as the difference in amplit...

Page 140: ...ontribute equally to crosstalk at the far end Because all FEXT signals travel the same distance they tend to add up in phase This means that the signals always add up to a worst case FEXT value There...

Page 141: ...13 NEXT signal B travels farther than A Signal source A B Resulting NEXT FEXT signals C and D travel the same distance the length of the cable Signal source C D Resulting FEXT oy70f eps Figure 7 8 How...

Page 142: ...alk sources detected on the cable The HDTDX test uses very short 2 ns test pulses which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems resulting in more accurate distance to fault measurements...

Page 143: ...he largest sources of crosstalk on the cable The vertical scale increases logarithmically The scale units are arbitrary A level of 50 represents a crosstalk magnitude that is close to causing a cable...

Page 144: ...plit pairs cause severe crosstalk because the signals in the twisted pairs come from different circuits The high crosstalk levels produced by split pairs cause low NEXT values during cable tests If th...

Page 145: ...he cable Check the cable manufacturer s specifications for the minimum bend radius Handle LAN cable carefully during installation Do not step on the cable or pinch it with tight cable ties Power Sum V...

Page 146: ...se of differences in the number of twists and in the electrical properties of each pair The delay differences between pairs is called delay skew Delay skew is a critical parameter for high speed netwo...

Page 147: ...al Speed in Cable 300 000 000 m s Speed Pulse Travels in Cable Speed of Light X 100 300 000 000 NVP m s OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 658 CABLE ANALYZER DSP 601 C...

Page 148: ...mining the NVP value involves measuring a known length of cable and adjusting the test tool s length measurement to match the known length As you adjust the length measurement the NVP value changes ac...

Page 149: ...ion of the open in the cable Transmitted Pulse Reflected Pulse End of Fault Open Cable Transmitted Pulse Reflected Pulse Short Transmitted Pulse No Reflected Pulse Terminator Matches cable characteris...

Page 150: ...n in Figure 7 12 Reflections from Other Anomalies Reflections are also caused by impedance anomalies that measure somewhere between infinite and zero impedance These anomalies can be caused by mechani...

Page 151: ...ctions to determine cable length the tool cannot measure the length of properly terminated cables Interpreting the HDTDR Plot The HDTDR plot has a horizontal scale that represents distance and a verti...

Page 152: ...e reflection represents the size of the anomaly The test tool s HDTDR plot includes a movable cursor with a readout that displays the cursor s position and the reflection percentage of the anomaly at...

Page 153: ...th the resulting ACR plot Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other 70 0 NEXT GOOD ATTEN GOOD 0 100 Frequency in MHz Limit in dB 60 0 50 0 40 0 30 0 20 0 10 0...

Page 154: ...e between the powers of transmitted and reflected signals Cables with high RL values are more efficient at transmitting LAN signals because little of the signal is lost in reflections Good return loss...

Page 155: ...errors and faulty or incompatible hardware installation and 3 connections always cause some crosstalk due to the untwisting of cable pairs When cable is handled carelessly faults can occur in the mid...

Page 156: ...roken by stress at connections Damaged connector Cuts or breaks in cable Wire map split pair Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Wire map reversed pairs Wires connected to w...

Page 157: ...Diagnostics Display F Plot Wire map display showing an open on wire 1 near the main unit oy57i bmp oy58i bmp Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 3 6 and 4 5 oy59i bmp oy60i bmp Wire map dis...

Page 158: ...o cable insulation NEXT or ELFEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection Insufficient quality of connecting hardware Damage to cable pinches kinks etc Damaged connector Insufficient cable quality...

Page 159: ...inued Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display F Plot Wire map display showing short between pins 1 and 3 oy64i bmp oy65i bmp NEXT test fails oy66i bmp oy67i bmp Impedance anomaly is detected HDTDR plot s...

Page 160: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 7 32...

Page 161: ...not operating correctly Instructions for returning the unit for repair A list of replacement parts and accessories Electrical and mechanical specifications Maintenance XWarning To avoid possible fire...

Page 162: ...ry pack Removing the battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the backup lithium battery Replacing the NiMH Battery Pack Replace the NiMH battery pack when its life between full charges...

Page 163: ...ater section Service Center Repair for shipping and warranty information If the Test Tool Fails If the test tool does not operate properly refer to Table 8 1 on the next page for troubleshooting proce...

Page 164: ...y that the test standard cable type temperature and power line frequency all in SETUP are correctly set See Chapter 2 for details Perform a self calibration See Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6...

Page 165: ...ter charger international version 944223 Battery door main unit and remote 938357 DSP 4000 Calibration Module 675611 Multimedia card reader 1574455 Cable 50 BNC coaxial 1 m 3 927876 Cable 9 pin PC int...

Page 166: ...an 1580397 Users manual Portuguese 1580426 Users manual Simplified Chinese 1580415 Users manual Japanese 1580403 CableManager software DSP CMS You can download this software for free from the Fluke Ne...

Page 167: ...Test Adapter multimode LED source 850 nm and 1300 nm DSP FTA410S Multimedia card reader DSP MCR 16 MB multimedia card DSP MMC16 30 MB multimedia card DSP MMC32 Fiber jack accessory kit small form fact...

Page 168: ...or equipment Doing so is a misapplication of this product which could result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user Calculated Measurement Accuracy All Basic Link P...

Page 169: ...atible only with a DSP 4100SR remote unit The DSP 4100 remote is not compatible with DSP 100 DSP 2000 or DSP 4000 test tools The LIAs are not compatible with DSP 100 or DSP 2000 test tools The test to...

Page 170: ...120 Shielded twisted pair cables STP 150 IBM Type 1 6 and 9 IBM interface adapter required Coaxial cables connect with the RJ45 to BNC adapter Thicknet 10BASE5 adapter required Thinnet 10BASE2 RG 58 R...

Page 171: ...000 Class E draft permanent link or channel STP cabling IBM Type 1 150 ANSI TP PMD IEEE 802 3 10BASE5 10BASE2 Ethernet with coaxial cabling IEEE 802 3 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000BASE T Ethernet with twis...

Page 172: ...ference cable Variations occur because of variations in the cable manufacturing process Propagation Delay Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Range 0 ns to 500 ns 500 ns to 3800 ns 0 ns to 500 ns 500 ns...

Page 173: ...ir combinations are substituted in the accuracy equation given by TIA and IEC guidelines Worst case assumptions for link performance that affect measurement accuracy are used These include the assumpt...

Page 174: ...36 0 dB Baseline Basic Link 1 7 dB 39 9 dB 2 6 dB 33 1 dB Permanent Link 1 9 dB 39 9 dB 3 1 dB 33 1 dB NEXT Loss Channel 2 0 dB 39 9 dB 3 5 dB 33 1 dB Baseline Basic Link 1 8 dB 37 1 dB 3 2 dB 30 2 dB...

Page 175: ...ge is determined by the selected test standard NA NA Step sizes 31 4 MHz 100 kHz 31 4 MHz to 100 MHz 200 kHz 100 MHz to 350 MHz 500 kHz NA NA Amplitude Range 0 dB to 40 dB NA NA Resolution 0 1 dB NA N...

Page 176: ...maximum 20 dB 15 dB Return Loss for Permanent Link and Channel 18 12 5 log f 100 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 20 dB maximum 18 dB 13 dB Random Noise Floor 75 15 log f 100 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 85 dB maximum 75...

Page 177: ...nel 18 12 5 log f 100 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 20 dB maximum 18 dB 13 dB Random Noise Floor 75 15 log f 100 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 85 dB maximum 75 dB 69 dB Output Signal Balance for Baseline Basic Link 40 20...

Page 178: ...Permanent Link and Channel 25 20 log f 100 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 25 dB maximum 25 dB 17 dB Tracking 0 5 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 0 5 dB 0 5 dB Source Match for Baseline Basic Link 20 dB 1 MHz to 250 MHz 20 d...

Page 179: ...ft 0 3 m 2 distance 1 ft 0 3 m 2 distance Distance resolution 1 ft or 0 1 m 1 ft or 0 1 m Impulse Noise Adjustable from 10 mV to 500 mV in 10 mV steps The default threshold is 270 mV Monitors either...

Page 180: ...rmines if a hub supports the following standards Auto negotiation 10BASE T 100BASE TX 100BASE T4 100BASE TX full duplex 10BASE T full duplex Hub port locator blinks the link LED on a 10BASE T 10 100BA...

Page 181: ...9187 Table 8 5 PC Interface Cable Connections Test Tool End DB9S female Pin Direction PC End DB9S female Data Carrier Detect 1 4 Receive Data 2 3 Transmit Data 3 2 Data Terminal Ready always true 4 1...

Page 182: ...put Memory backup power in main unit Lithium battery Typical life of lithium battery 5 years Environmental Requirements Operating temperature 32 F to 113 F 0 C to 45 C Storage temperature 4 F to 140 F...

Page 183: ...0 60 Normal Operation 0 C to 45 C Storage 20 C to 60 C oy40f eps Figure 8 3 Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings A DSP 4000 Series test tool and remote are designed to measure unpowered...

Page 184: ...lse Withstand Voltage protection provided Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Examples include household office and laboratory...

Page 185: ...Autotest results to a PC 1 MB Flash EPROM allows firmware and test standard updates Dimensions Main unit and remote without LIA 9 25 x 5 x 3 23 5 cm x 12 7 cm x 7 6 cm Weight Main unit without LIA 3...

Page 186: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 8 26...

Page 187: ...Appendices Appendix Title Page A Tests Supported by LIAs A 1 B Getting Started with CableManager Software B 1 C Glossary C 1...

Page 188: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual...

Page 189: ...Supported by LIAs Table A 1 shows the test standards supported by the standard link interface adapters For a list of the optional link interface adapters available visit the Fluke Networks website at...

Page 190: ...lass C D X X Aus NZ Class C and D Basic Link X Aus NZ Class C and D Channel X IEEE 10 100 1000BASE T X X TokenRing All X X TP PMD X X All coaxial standards X1 Impulse noise monitor and tone generator...

Page 191: ...to and from the test tool Update the software in the test tool and remote The minimum requirements are a 200 MHz Pentium microprocessor system with 64 MB of RAM Windows 95 98 or NT 2000 software and...

Page 192: ...p exe from the root folder of the CableManager CD 3 Follow the instructions given by the setup program 4 To start CableManager double click on the CableManager icon in the Fluke CableManager group Sel...

Page 193: ...n Opening an Existing Project Connecting the Memory Card Reader to a PC To use the memory card reader to upload Autotest reports from a memory card to a PC connect the reader to the PC as shown in Fig...

Page 194: ...with the test tool Refer to Figure B 2 If your PC has a 25 pin serial port you can use a Fluke 25 pin adapter Fluke P N 929187 To verify the pin assignments for a different 25 pin adapter or a differe...

Page 195: ...reports from a test tool or a memory card installed in a test tool turn on the test tool 3 On the CableManager tool bar click on New then click on Import from DSP Memory Card or Import from DSP Cable...

Page 196: ...gnment given for the serial PC interface cable given in Specifications in Chapter 8 If the PC still can t connect set CableManager to a lower baud rate and try again To select a lower baud rate choose...

Page 197: ...previous next or last report in the project Quick Sort Lets you sort reports in ascending order based on one sorting criterion Advanced Sort Lets you sort reports in ascending or descending order bas...

Page 198: ...s area if the list is longer than what is visible To resize a column in the list drag the border in the heading row left or right C The row of tabs shows the tests run for the Autotest report selected...

Page 199: ...the measurement frequency limit and margin for the crosshair cursor on the plot You can use the cursor to read the values at any point on the plot as follows To move the cursor click on the plot then...

Page 200: ...n the same button the sorting order switches between ascending and descending order Sorting Reports by Multiple Items Advanced Sort lets you sort reports by multiple items For example you can sort the...

Page 201: ...old down the Shift key and click on the last block To select multiple nonconsecutive reports hold down the Ctrl key and click on the reports 2 Click on Edit then select Single Report Modify or Multi R...

Page 202: ...s To add plots to printed reports choose Printing from the Options menu then select Use Graphical Reports for DSP 4100 results Printed reports will show the test data in both tables and plots When Use...

Page 203: ...Getting Started with CableManager Software Adding Plots to Printed Reports B B 13 oy82f bmp Figure B 4 Autotest Report in Tabular Format...

Page 204: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 14 oy81f bmp Figure B 5 Autotest Report in Graphical Format...

Page 205: ...d summaries the number of reports printed and the number of printed reports with passing and failing results The Header Info selection lets you add a title to the summary printout Use Standard or Cust...

Page 206: ...from the File menu To always print summaries in addition to the full reports choose Printing from the Options menu then select Automatic Summary Print Saving a Project on a PC 1 To save a CableManage...

Page 207: ...main CableManager toolbar click DSP Setup 2 In the Setup window click From DSP The editable settings are uploaded from the test tool Editing Saving and Downloading SETUP Settings 1 If a setup file is...

Page 208: ...esults or SETUP settings use CableManager to upload the data to a PC To prevent an unexpected loss of battery power to the test tool or remote connect the battery charger to the test tool and the remo...

Page 209: ...ompted for the location of the software update source file enter the path to the DSPx_xx bin file on your C drive then click on Open 6 When the test tool software is installed connect the PC interface...

Page 210: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 20...

Page 211: ...rks 100 Mb s transmission baseband signaling two pair category 5 twisted pair cable Maximum cable length is 100 meters 1000BASE T An IEEE Standard for twisted pair Ethernet networks also known as Giga...

Page 212: ...re the entire bandwidth of the medium is used to send a single signal The digital signal is applied without modulation directly to the transmission media Ethernet is a baseband network Compare with br...

Page 213: ...lso referred to as wideband Compare with baseband signaling Bus topology A network in which all nodes are connected to a single cable that carries all the messages in the network Byte A data unit usua...

Page 214: ...he telecommunications outlet The channel is defined in TSB 67 Characteristic Impedance The total opposition dc resistance and ac reactance to the flow of ac current that a network cable would have if...

Page 215: ...ata from a computer to a remote device EIA 568A Electronic Industries Association Commercial Building Telecommunications wiring standard See EIA TIA 568 EIA TIA The US Electronic Industries Associatio...

Page 216: ...air FTP See Screened Twisted Pair Hardware Flow Control A hardware method of controlling data flow between two devices The receiving device tells the sending device to start or stop data transmission...

Page 217: ...device that tends to oppose changes in current Inductance is an undesirable characteristic of cables because it causes signal attenuation Inductive Pickup A device that emits sound when placed near a...

Page 218: ...better cable performance NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation The speed of a signal through a cable expressed as a percentage of the speed of light Typically the speed of a signal through a cable is be...

Page 219: ...able The RJ45 connector resembles a telephone connector RJ11 ROM Read only memory A device used for permanent storage of data or programs A ROM does not require power to maintain its contents Once a R...

Page 220: ...higher frequencies Split Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cable where a wire from one cable pair is twisted with a wire from another cable pair Though the pin to pin connections may be correct spli...

Page 221: ...t are twisted together to minimize crosstalk to other cable pairs The twisting minimizes crosstalk because it causes cancellation of the electromagnetic fields generated by each wire in the twisted pa...

Page 222: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual C 12...

Page 223: ...plot description 3 12 results screen items 3 11 test for twisted pair 3 11 Audible tones enabling disabling 2 40 Auto increment 2 34 status 2 36 Auto sequence 2 35 saving Autotests 3 28 status 3 1 Aut...

Page 224: ...standard selection 2 32 Characteristic impedance See Impedance Communicating with a PC downloading software upgrades B 18 problems with communications B 6 Compliance 8 24 Configure custom test 6 4 Con...

Page 225: ...K Keys for moving around screens 2 4 functions 2 18 L Language selecting 2 28 selecting quick start 2 8 LED functions 2 21 2 41 Length test for coaxial cable 3 25 test for twisted pair 3 9 variations...

Page 226: ...al port 5 2 connections for printing 5 3 error 5 5 options 5 3 printer interface cable 5 2 Problems with the test tool 8 4 Propagation delay test 3 10 explanation of test 7 18 PSACR test 3 22 PSELFEXT...

Page 227: ...air wire map display 3 8 Standards CSA 8 24 safety 8 24 test 8 11 Storage 8 2 Store plot data B 9 selecting quick start 2 8 Strap 2 23 Switch modes 2 23 T Talk mode 2 14 Terminator connection during l...

Page 228: ...warning in test results 4 14 Wire map description of test 3 7 displays 3 7 pin connections for 568 standard 7 3 Worst margin ELFEXT 3 16 NEXT 3 13 Worst margin results 3 5 Worst value ELFEXT 3 16 NEX...

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