Case IH RBX443, Repair Manual

Page: 92 / 196

SECTION 55 - ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS - CHAPTER 1
55-2
DEFINITION OF TERMS
ELECTRICITY
•
The flow of electrons through a conductor.
•
“
Electrical” refers to high voltage circuits (Start-
ing, Charging, Lights).
•
“Electronic” refers to low voltage circuits con-
trolled by semiconductors (Controllers, Micro-
processors, EIC, Monitors).
VOLTAGE
•
The pressure of the electrons moving through a
circuit.
•
Similar to pressure (PSI) in a hydraulic system.
•
Measured in volts (V). Referred to as voltage.
•
Voltage is the difference in charge between two
points in the circuit.
CURRENT
•
The amount of electrons flowing through a circuit
in a period of time.
•
Similar to flow (GPM) in a hydraulic system.
•
Measured in amps (A). Referred to as amperage.
•
Directly dependent on the voltage and resistance
in the circuit.
RESISTANCE
•
A restriction to electrical flow.
•
Similar to resistance that causes “back pressure”
in a hydraulic system.
•
Measured in ohms (A).
•
Resistance can be caused by any component in
a circuit (Wire, connection, switch, etc.).
•
Corrosion and poor connections are common
forms of “unwanted” resistance.
•
The higher the resistance, the lower the current
for a given voltage.
•
Resistance causes heat. The greater the current,
the greater the heat.
•
An increase in resistance at a point in a circuit will
reduce the voltage available in the circuit after
that point.
OPEN CIRCUIT
•
Occurs when a circuit is broken, which interrupts
the flow of current.
SHORT CIRCUIT
•
Occurs when a part of a circuit comes in contact
with part of the same circuit or touches a metallic
object.
CONTINUITY
•
Occurs when the flow of current through a circuit
is uninterrupted.
VOLTAGE DROP
•
The amount of voltage used by each component
in a circuit.
DIODE
•
An electrical device that will allow current to pass
through in one direction only.
•
Similar to a check valve in a hydraulic system.
SOLENOID
•
A circular coil used for producing a magnetic field
when electricity is applied to it.
RELAY
•
An electrical switch that uses a small voltage to
control a larger one.