In these two photographs, two more washer configura-
tions are displayed, each as stacked on the bolt. The
photograph on the left depicts a stack that will emulate
a joint slightly harder than the stack in the photo to the
right.
There is a simple rule of thumb which can be used to
determine whether one stack of washers will emulate a
harder or softer joint than another - the taller the stack
of the same number of washers, the softer the joint it
emulates. This is because it takes more bolt rotation
and more time to compress the taller stack of washers.
In practice, the same amount of rotation it takes to tighten the actual joint should be emulat-
ed on the joint simulator as closely as possible. This is the first and most basic step in
matching tool test performance to actual tool performance when individual joint/tool testing
is performed. For correlative testing, it is merely important that the stack of washers (if
used) be consistent with each test.
Once the proper washer stackup has been
determined and placed on the bolt, the
bolt is loosely installed in the simulator
base. Loose installation provides room
for tool rundown prior to engaging the
washers, just as will occur in actual com-
ponent assembly on the production line.
The next step is to thread the housing cover
onto the simulator base. Thread the housing
all the way down, and tighten just finger
tight.
Once this is done, the simulator is ready for
installation on the tester.
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