The joint simulator may or may not contain additional elements such as multi-part housings.
Below are photographs of a Sturtevant Richmont joint simulator using Belleville washers.
The joint simulators of 80 foot-pound capacity and above are the same, except that a spring
is substituted for the washer and no adjustment of the joint rate is made.
This is a joint simulator and its accessories as
received. The large cylinder is the joint sim-
ulator itself. The separate hex driver bit to
the front is placed in the chuck of the power
tool to be tested, and used to engage the bolt
in the joint simulator. The small cylinder to
the left is the hard joint cylinder used in the
joint simulator when emulating a hard joint.
This is the joint simulator disassembled.
From left to right, the components are
the base, the Belleville washers, the
housing, and the bolt. To use the joint
simulator, the washers are configured to
emulate the joint, then stacked on the
bolt. The bolt is then threaded about ¼"
into the base. The housing is installed
over the bolt and threaded onto the exter-
nal threads on the base. The joint simu-
lator is then ready for installation on the
tester transducer.
To the left in this photograph is the hard joint
cylinder, used in place of the washers when the
simulator is to emulate a hard joint. In the cen-
ter, a stack of washers has been turned to face
all the same direction.
Stacked this way, the washers emulate a joint very close to a hard joint; there is very little
travel or time between when the bolt head contacts them and the time they are fully com-
pressed. On the right, the same number of washers has been stacked in such a manner as to
provide more bolt rotation and time between bolt contact and full compression of the wash-
ers. This will emulate a joint softer than the one emulated by the center configuration.
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