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Appendix E - Glossary Local Area Network (LAN)
48 Mosport 1TE/2TE
Local Area Network (LAN)
Data-only communications network confined to a limited geographic area, with moderate to high data rates.
See also WAN.
Media Access Control (MAC) Address
A layer 2 address, 6 bytes long, associated with a particular network device; used to identify devices in a
network; also called hardware or physical address.
Network
A group of computers, terminals, and other devices and the hardware and software that enable them to
exchange data and share resources over short or long distances. A network can consist of any combination
of local area networks (LAN) or wide area networks (WAN).
Primary Rate Interface (PRI)
A telecommunications standard for carrying multiple DS0 voice and data transmissions between two physical
locations. All data and voice channels are (ISDN) and operate at 64 kbit/s.
North America and Japan use a T1 of 23 B channels and one D channel which corresponds to a T1 line.
Europe, Australia and most of the rest of the world use the slightly higher capacity E1, which is composed of
31 B channels and one D channel.
Fewer active B channels (also called user channels) can be used for a fractional T1. More channels can be
used with more T1's, or with a fractional or full T3 or E3.
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
A small to medium sized telephone system and switch that provides communications between onsite
telephones and exterior communications networks.
Protocol
A formal set of rules developed by international standards bodies, LAN equipment vendors, or groups
governing the format, control, and timing of network communications. A set of conventions dealing with
transmissions between two systems. Typically defines how to implement a group of services in one or two
layers of the OSI reference model. Protocols can describe low-level details of machine-to-machine interfaces
or high-level exchanges between allocation programs.
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
The local telephone company network that carries voice data over analog telephone lines.
Router
A specialized switching device which allows customers to link different geographically dispersed local area
networks and computer systems. This is achieved even though it encompasses different types of traffic under
different protocols, creating a single, more efficient, enterprise-wide network.
Switched Circuit Network (SCN)
A communication network, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN), in which any user may be
connected to any other user through the use of message, circuit, or packet switching and control devices.
Server
A computer or device on a network that works in conjunction with a client to perform some operation.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
A protocol for transporting call setup, routing, authentication, and other feature messages to endpoints within
the IP domain, whether those messages originate from outside the IP cloud over SCN resources or within the
cloud.