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12.1 Troubleshooting

Faults during operation:
If disruptions occur during operation of the PQC, the following table provides assistance in iden-
tifying and remedying the faults.

No. Fault

Possible cause

Remedial action

1 PQC not working; no

display at all on the
screen

No power supply to the
instrument, or the wrong
voltage

Check whether the power
supply at the correct voltage is
reaching the PQC. Is the fuse
in the power supply circuit in
order?

2 The LCD backlighting

comes on for a short time
then goes off again, while
the LCDs display nothing
or only the starting logo
– the instrument restarts
repeatedly.

Supply voltage too low

Check whether the correct
voltage is reaching the PQC.
Is there is a high contact
resistance in the power supply
circuit?

3 Capacitor stage statuses

display appears on
screen but capacitor
contactors are not
activated.

Control circuit is not
connected properly or
there is no control voltage.

Check the control circuit
against the connection diagram
and check the fuses.

No neutral conductor at
the contactors.

4 PQC can not complete

the automatic calibration
procedure.

Heavy reactive power
fluctuations

Wait for power supply to
stabilize; set c/k factor and
connection type manually.

5 During automatic

calibration this message
appears:
Alarm detected
No cap. stage

Fault in control circuit
(contactors not switching)

Check the control circuit
against the connection diagram
and check the fuses.

Capacitor stage discharge
resistors are missing or
defective

Check whether capacitors are
energized after switching.

Current transformer
installed at the wrong
location

Check whether the current
transformer has been installed
as per the connection diagram.

6 No value for current

shown in the display

Break or short-circuit in
the current transformer
cable

Use an ammeter to check
current in current path
(I

min

³ ≥ 0.015 A).

Danger: see

[Section 5.6]

The current in the current
path is too low.

min

³ ≥ 0.015 A)

Install a smaller current
transformer.

Defective current
transformer

Check the current transformer.

Содержание 38-00400

Страница 1: ...Power Quality Controller PQC Reactive Power Control Relay Operating Manual FRAKO Kondensatoren und Anlagenbau www frako com...

Страница 2: ...5 7 3 Connection diagram version PQC 0602401 XX 24 5 7 4 Connection diagram version PQC 1204801 XX 25 5 7 5 Connection diagram version PQC 1204803 XX 26 5 7 6 Connection diagram version PQC 0614801 XX...

Страница 3: ...5 3 2 2 Detection of voltage blackout sag 53 8 5 3 3 Alarm management 54 8 5 3 4 Optional Modbus RTU interface 55 8 5 3 5 Factory settings 56 8 5 3 6 Password protection 56 8 6 Info status 57 8 6 1 P...

Страница 4: ...Identification Manual 38 Figure 24 Identification Manual submenu 38 Figure 25 Connection identification started 39 Figure 26 Capacitor stage identification started 39 Figure 27 Start up completed 39 F...

Страница 5: ...gure 61 Factory default settings 56 Figure 62 Password prompt 57 Figure 63 Info status 1 3 57 Figure 64 Info status 2 3 57 Figure 65 Info status 3 3 58 Figure 66 PQC status overview 58 Figure 67 Total...

Страница 6: ...rance Institutions In other countries the equivalent local regulations must be followed Installation commissioning modifications and retrofitting may only be carried out by appropriately qualified per...

Страница 7: ...ent is installed connected commissioned and operated All actions taken must be in accordance with this operating manual The operating manual must be held for future reference Wherever this symbol is s...

Страница 8: ...ols The corresponding word that expresses the extent of the danger is also printed above the inst ructions In order to avoid accidents death or injury and damage to assets these instructions must be c...

Страница 9: ...onnection continuous overload rating up to 6AAC transient overload maximum 10AAC for 10 seconds Digital inputs and outputs PQC version PQC xxxxxxx x1 Up to 5 5 24VDC inputs alternatively usable as up...

Страница 10: ...xxx 2x 120 terminating resistor required at the end of the bus system Connections Via pluggable screw terminals Instrument power AUX Conductor cross section max 2 5mm min 0 2mm PQC version PQC xxx240x...

Страница 11: ...ument when mounted in cabinet IP40 when mounted in cabinet with upgrade kit Item No 20 50015 IP54 rear of instrument and terminals IP20 all as per EN 60529 Pollution degree 2 as per EN 61010 1 2011 07...

Страница 12: ...more of the PQC control contacts are closed The PQC thus switches capacitor stages in as required in order to restore the target power factor If the inductive reactive power component of the loads re...

Страница 13: ...sidential areas it can cause interference to radio reception In this case it may be necessary to take appropriate precautions with the installation 4 2 Installing the instrument Figure 1 PQC dimension...

Страница 14: ...h the cutout provided in the control cabinet until fully home having first fitted the IP54 gasket in the groove behind the PQC front panel when appropriate Press the PQC front panel gently against the...

Страница 15: ...llowing instructions must be observed to avoid danger to life and limb When the instrument is being installed or serviced the instrument and the electrical system must be isolated from the power suppl...

Страница 16: ...curs the voltage present may be injurious to health or may even have fatal consequences The risk to life and limb can be significantly reduced by observing the above safety precautions NOTE The instru...

Страница 17: ...5 3 Supply voltage The instrument power supply circuit AUX must be protected externally by a fuse either 2 A slow blow 250 V AC PQC version PQC xxx240x xx or 2 A 500 V AC time delay PQC version PQC xx...

Страница 18: ...y to provide external overcurrent protection in the voltage measurement circuits since these are safety impedance protected In this case a short circuit proof cable double insulated stranded wire must...

Страница 19: ...anger that arcing may occur which would cause electric shock burns or eye injuries In addition red hot metal particles could be spattered which apart from the health hazard also constitute a fire risk...

Страница 20: ...with single phase measurement see Section 9 Instrument versions The current in any desired phase L is measured via an external electrically isolating current transformer See Section 2 Technical data f...

Страница 21: ...Technical data The common pole P of the output relays may carry a current of no more than 10AAC See Section 2 Technical data Compliance with these stipulations will avoid the risk of fire or possible...

Страница 22: ...diagram for PQC 1202401 XX max 6A N PE L b a L N L L N L 2A T AUX S2 S1 L max 10A Alarm Q1 Q11 Q10 Q9 Q8 Q7 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q12 P Ausgangsrelais output relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Alarmrelais alarm relais...

Страница 23: ...3 L1 b a L N L1 L N L 2A T AUX S2 S1 L3 L2 L1 max 10A Alarm Q1 Q11 Q10 Q9 Q8 Q7 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q12 P Ausgangsrelais output relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Alarmrelais alarm relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Versorgungssp...

Страница 24: ...0602401 XX max 6A N PE L b a L N L L N L 2A T AUX S2 S1 L max 10A Alarm Q1 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 P Ausgangsrelais output relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Alarmrelais alarm relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Versorgungsspannung s...

Страница 25: ...Q3 Q2 Q12 P Ausgangsrelais output relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Alarmrelais alarm relais 250VAC 3A cos 1 Versorgungsspannung supply voltage 100V 15 480V 10 AC 5VA Messspannung voltage measurement 100V 690VA...

Страница 26: ...ent 100V 690VAC VDE 100V 600VAC UL max 6A L3 L2 N PE L2 L3 L1 b a L N L1 L N L 2A T AUX S2 S1 L3 L2 L1 max 10A Alarm Q1 Q11 Q10 Q9 Q8 Q7 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q12 P Ausgangsrelais output relais 250VAC 3A cos...

Страница 27: ...N PE L b a L N L L N L 2A T AUX S2 S1 L max 10A Alarm Q1 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 P Ausgangsrelais output relais 440VAC 3A cos 1 VDE 250VAC 3A cos 1 VDE Alarmrelais alarm relais 440VAC 3A cos 1 Versorgungsspann...

Страница 28: ...e 8 Part of the connection diagram for 400 415V networks with no neutral conductor Version PQC XXX480X XX 690VAC Networks with a neutral conductor N voltage phase neutral N 400VAC 5 7 7 2 Connection d...

Страница 29: ...alarm signals can comprise status signals status of the optional digital inputs set alarm limits exceeded or instrument faults The assignment of the internal PQC alarm signals to the alarm relay is c...

Страница 30: ...ferent 6 4 Configuration The PQC is configured using the keys to navigate the menu see Table 3 Key functions 6 5 Automatic commissioning If Detection is selected in the Initial start up menu then Stag...

Страница 31: ...d parameters at certain intervals of time If a capacitor stage fails after a certain time this will be identified as a zero stage with zero power rating and no longer used in the regular control proce...

Страница 32: ...20 150 180 240 300 360 480 600 720 960 1200 1440 250 5 50 50 100 120 140 190 240 290 380 480 580 770 960 1150 1920 300 5 60 40 80 100 120 160 200 240 320 400 480 640 800 960 1600 400 5 80 30 60 80 90...

Страница 33: ...Increase a selected parameter Select another menu item above Down Decrease a selected parameter Select another menu item below Return Enter One level lower in the system tree e g selecting a highligh...

Страница 34: ...up About PQC Overview phase L1 Overview phase L2 Overview phase L3 Overview cap stages Control profiles General Factory settings Set limits Profiles 1 to 5 Capacitor stages Alarm management Extensions...

Страница 35: ...Automatic or Manual control Switching sequence Available stages c k setting Connection type Info status PQC status Cap stage power V and I harmonics System power Manual frequency analysis Cap stage p...

Страница 36: ...PQC overview Control diagram Manual control password protected Settings password protected Info status Initial start up password protected About PQC Key Action PQC overview Select Select Open submenu...

Страница 37: ...ction Stage Connection or Manual Stage Connection The PQC carries out the automatic stage and connection identification procedure see Figure 18 on page 38 Stage The PQC carries out the automatic stage...

Страница 38: ...entification Connection submenu Figure 21 Identification Stage Figure 22 Identification Stage submenu Figure 23 Identification Manual Figure 24 Identification Manual submenu The types of connection sh...

Страница 39: ...yed with an error message In this state the PQC is not able to control correctly The initial start up procedure automatic or manual must be started afresh 8 2 PQC overview In instrument types with 3 p...

Страница 40: ...Figure 29 PQC overview L1 3 phase The capacitor stages status overview screen shows the momentary status of all stages Figure 30 Capacitor stage statuses Figure 31 Capacitor stage statuses 1 phase 6 s...

Страница 41: ...e y axis represents smallest capacitor stage Key Action Back to main menu Zoom Zoom Additional info Zoom Zoom in on control diagram Zoom Zoom out of control diagram Additional Info The following param...

Страница 42: ...loads connected to the supply network concerned When Manual control is selected in the main menu the following submenu appears Q power Corrective power still lacking to achieve target cos Capacitive c...

Страница 43: ...ge out manually x seconds Time remaining until the capacitor stage can be switched in again discharge time This is the 3 phase stage corrective power Figure 39 Example of a selected stage When a stage...

Страница 44: ...ettings PQC reset Clear switching cycles Key Action Back to main menu Select Select Open submenu Figure 41 Settings 8 5 1 Settable control profiles Five control profiles can be individually selected a...

Страница 45: ...as described in Profile 1 but which have their own generating facilities e g CHP units with permanent or frequent feed in regeneration to the power supply network Profile 5 Suitable for generating ne...

Страница 46: ...ontrol phase Active Activate control profile only one profile can be active Save Save changes in control profile 8 5 2 1 Setting target cos The desired value of target cos can be set from 0 80 inducti...

Страница 47: ...g causes a parallel shift of the band range shown above through the set value It will shift in the inductive direction if the plus sign is used and in the capacitive direction if the minus sign is use...

Страница 48: ...s for L are 2 to 2 in increments of 0 5 including the setting OFF Setting L at 1 and the target power factor at 1 00 has the same effect as the parallel shift described above If the target cos is not...

Страница 49: ...ristics of the control band when set for a capacitive target cos In this case the control range does not extend late rally at the reactive power axis into the regeneration quadrants but is mirrored fr...

Страница 50: ...cting the control phase The control profiles menu also includes the Phase setting This is used to select the phase used by the PQC for control purposes can only be edited on 3 phase PQCs Any one of th...

Страница 51: ...assifying a capacitor stage as zero It is that percen tage of the most recently calibrated corrective power below which the stage is excluded from the power factor control process Example Zero stage l...

Страница 52: ...hing cycle counter 10k 500k in increments of 1k default setting 80k THDI 5 500 in increments of 1 V I harmonics 0 100 in increments of 0 01 Overcurrent 1 00 2 00 in increments of 0 01 Voltage blackout...

Страница 53: ...cuts that are short enough to make the capacitor contactors open and immedia tely close again This function has the following setting options Detecting phase The phase to which the operating coil of t...

Страница 54: ...on Back to General Select alarm option Select alarm option Open alarm option setting submenu Figure 57 Alarm management Setting in Alarm relay PQC trip and Display alarm submenu Key Action Alarm manag...

Страница 55: ...elect parameter Select parameter Edit parameter The Modbus setting menu is navigated to as follows Settings General Extensions Modbus These settings are only possible with PQC versions xxxxx 2x Figure...

Страница 56: ...lect reset type Select reset type Figure 61 Factory default settings Key Action Back to factory default settings Up Down Confirm action 8 5 3 6 Password protection The PQC uses a password to prevent s...

Страница 57: ...all required setting parameters Corrective power Sum of the reactive power Q plus that still available Cap stages table Table with status of individual stages Cap stages diagram Overview of the stage...

Страница 58: ...relative values switching sequence can be distributed over the available stages as desired The largest permitted relative value is 16 the smallest 0 Available stages Number of capacitor stages detecte...

Страница 59: ...factor is entered correctly 8 6 3 Capacitor stages table Figure 68 Capacitor stages table 8 6 4 Capacitor stages rating diagram The capacitor stages rating diagram shows the momentary corrective power...

Страница 60: ...ponds to the fundamental wave at 50 60Hz One scale division on the y axis represents 5 The harmonics are displayed graphically Figure 72 Current harmonics diagram Figure 73 Current harmonics zoomed in...

Страница 61: ...ven frequency as a percentage of the fundamental current I1 f 50 60 Hz Angle Angle between V f and I f in degrees Angle Angle between V1 fundamental frequency and I f in degrees Note V1 and I1 are res...

Страница 62: ...1 Delay time 45 sec Phase L1 Active Yes Settings of control profile 2 cos 1 0 Parallel shift 0 Limitation OFF Delay time 45 sec Phase L1 Active No Settings of control profile 3 cos 1 Parallel shift 1...

Страница 63: ...10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Set limit in 2 100 1 6 100 5 0 5 100 0 5 3 5 100 3 0 43 100 0 41 2 100 1 76 I harmonics 100 all Overcurrent ratio 1 2 Voltage blackout sag limit 85 Number of cycles 2 wa...

Страница 64: ...lent local regulations must be followed Before beginning the update procedure and plugging in the USB cable required for this the instrument and its associated cables must be isolated from the power s...

Страница 65: ...rsions Article No Version Number of relay stages Instrument power supply AUX Measure ment Option 38 00400 PQC 1202401 0 12 250VAC 3A cos 1 100V 15 to 240V 10 AC approx 5VA single phase 38 00403 PQC 12...

Страница 66: ...s 1 3 phase Modbus RTU Temp I O 38 00410 PQC 0614801 0 6 250VAC 3A cos 1 single phase 38 00431 PQC 0614801 01 6 250VAC 3A cos 1 single phase Temp I O 38 00432 PQC 0614801 20 6 250VAC 3A cos 1 single p...

Страница 67: ...instrument must be switched off before cleaning is begun Power must not be switched on to the instrument again until the cleaning procedure is completed If the cleaning is restricted only to the front...

Страница 68: ...idually insulated in a workmanlike manner The ends of these cables must not be joined to each other and it must be ensured that cable ends cannot be touched and that they do not touch each other or ot...

Страница 69: ...ective will have occurred In other countries the equivalent local regulations must be followed when elect ronic instruments are disposed of They must be handed in at special recycling centres One way...

Страница 70: ...control voltage Check the control circuit against the connection diagram and check the fuses No neutral conductor at the contactors 4 PQC can not complete the automatic calibration procedure Heavy rea...

Страница 71: ...table Severe load fluctuations the delay time was set too low Set higher delay time 9 The displayed power factor cos is less than the target power factor although the PQC has switched in all stages T...

Страница 72: ...EMS Components Measuring Instruments and Network Analysers Power Quality EMS ISO 50001 FRAKO Kondensatoren und Anlagenbau GmbH Tscheulinstra e 21a D 79331 Teningen Tel 49 7641 453 0 Fax 49 7641 453 53...

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