Ford Taurus, Руководство пользователя

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running. Jumper cables should be connected with the key OFF to avoid power
surges that can damage electronic control units. Engines equipped with computer
controlled systems should avoid both giving and getting jump starts due to the
possibility of serious damage to components from arcing in the engine
compartment when connections are made with the ignition ON.
z
Always remove the battery cables before charging the battery. Never use a high
output charger on an installed battery or attempt to use any type of "hot shot'' (24
volt) starting aid.
z Exercise care when inserting test probes into connectors to insure good
connections without damaging the connector or spreading the pins. Always probe
connectors from the rear (wire) side, NOT the pin side, in order to avoid accidental
shorting of terminals during test procedures.
z NEVER remove or attach wiring harness connectors with the ignition switch ON
unless the instructions specifically direct you to do so. NEVER disengage/engage
the computer control module wiring connectors with the ignition ON.
z Do NOT drop any components during service procedures and never apply 12 volts
directly to any component (like a solenoid or relay) unless instructed specifically
to do so. Some component electrical windings are designed to safely handle only
4 or 5 volts and can be destroyed in seconds if 12 volts are applied directly to the
connector.
z
Remove the electronic control unit if the vehicle is to be placed in an environment
where temperatures exceed approximately 176°F (80°C), such as a paint spray
booth or when arc or gas welding near the control unit location in the car.
ORGANIZED TROUBLESHOOTING
When diagnosing a specific problem, organized troubleshooting is a must. The
complexity of a modern vehicle demands that you approach any problem in a
logical, organized manner. There are certain troubleshooting techniques that are
standard:
1. Establish when the problem occurs. Does the problem appear only under certain
conditions? Were there any noises, odors, or other unusual symptoms?
2. Isolate the problem area. To do this, make some simple tests and observations;
then, eliminate the systems that are working properly. Check for obvious problems
such as broken wires, dirty connections, and split or disconnected vacuum hoses.
ALWAYS check the obvious before assuming something complicated is the cause.
3. Test for problems systematically to determine the cause once the problem area is
isolated. Are all the components functioning properly? Is there power going to
electrical switches and motors? Is there vacuum at vacuum switches and/or
actuators? Is there a mechanical problem such as bent linkage or loose mounting
screws? Performing careful, systematic checks will often turn up most causes on
the first inspection without wasting time checking components that have little or
no relationship to the problem.
4. Test all repairs after the work is done to make sure that the problem is fixed. Some
causes can be traced to more than one component, so a careful verification of
repair work is important to pick up additional malfunctions that may cause a
problem to reappear or a different problem to arise. A blown fuse, for example, is a
simple problem that may require more than another fuse to repair. If you don't look
for a problem that caused a fuse to blow, for example, a shorted wire may go
undetected.
Experience has shown that most problems tend to be the result of a fairly simple
and obvious cause, such as loose or corroded connectors or air leaks in the intake
Стр . 2 из 16 UNDERSTANDING AND TROUBLESHOOTING ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
18.11.2005 http://www.chiltondiy.com/content/8687/8687_6_1.html