D-Link DES-3028, Руководство пользователя

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DES-3028 DES-3028P DES-3028G DES-3052 DES-3052P Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Section 7
L2 Features
VLAN
QinQ
Trunking
IGMP Snooping
MLD Snooping
Spanning Tree
Loopback Detection
LLDP
VLANs
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a network topology configured according to a logical scheme rather than the physical
layout. VLANs can be used to combine any collection of LAN segments into an autonomous user group that appears as a single
LAN. VLANs also logically segment the network into different broadcast domains so that packets are forwarded only between
ports within the VLAN. Typically, a VLAN corresponds to a particular subnet, although not necessarily.
VLANs can enhance performance by conserving bandwidth, and improve security by limiting traffic to specific domains.
A VLAN is a collection of end nodes grouped by logic instead of physical location. End nodes that frequently communicate with
each other are assigned to the same VLAN, regardless of where they are physically on the network. Logically, a VLAN can be
equated to a broadcast domain, because broadcast packets are forwarded to only members of the VLAN on which the broadcast
was initiated.
Notes about VLANs on the Switch
No matter what basis is used to uniquely identify end nodes and assign these nodes VLAN membership, packets cannot cross
VLANs without a network device performing a routing function between the VLANs.
The Switch supports IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. The port untagging function can be used to remove the 802.1Q tag from packet
headers to maintain compatibility with devices that are tag-unaware.
The Switch's default is to assign all ports to a single 802.1Q VLAN named "default."
The "default" VLAN has a VID = 1.
IEEE 802.1Q VLANs
Some relevant terms:

Tagging
- The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet.

Untagging
- The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.

Ingress port
- A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN decisions must be made.

Egress port
- A port on a switch where packets are flowing out of the Switch, either to another switch or to an
end station, and tagging decisions must be made.
IEEE 802.1Q (tagged) VLANs are implemented on the Switch. 802.1Q VLANs require tagging, which enables them to span the
entire network (assuming all switches on the network are IEEE 802.1Q-compliant).
VLANs allow a network to be segmented in order to reduce the size of broadcast domains. All packets entering a VLAN will only
be forwarded to the stations (over IEEE 802.1Q enabled switches) that are members of that VLAN, and this includes broadcast,
multicast and unicast packets for unknown destinations.
VLANs can also provide a level of security to your network. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs will only deliver packets between stations that
are members of the VLAN.
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