Waters 2475, Operator'S Manual, Page: 8 / 228

viii Table of Contents
Photomultiplier tube........................................................................................ 1-4
Scanning........................................................................................................... 1-5
Multichannel operation ................................................................................... 1-5
Fluorescence data ............................................................................................ 1-5
References ........................................................................................................ 1-6
Detector description ........................................................................................ 1-7
Features............................................................................................................ 1-7
Principles of operation .................................................................................... 1-9
Detector optics.................................................................................................. 1-9
Optics assembly light path............................................................................ 1-10
Photomultiplier (PMT) calibration ............................................................... 1-12
PMT sensitivity.............................................................................................. 1-12
Filtering noise ................................................................................................ 1-12
Electronics...................................................................................................... 1-13
Wavelength verification and test .................................................................. 1-14
Operational modes .......................................................................................... 1-14
Single-channel mode...................................................................................... 1-14
Multichannel mode ........................................................................................ 1-15
Spectrum scanning ......................................................................................... 1-16
Lamp energy and performance ................................................................... 1-16
Auto-optimize gain ......................................................................................... 1-17
Method optimization...................................................................................... 1-18
Example of recommended method development approach.......................... 1-19
Ensuring gain optimization for each peak of interest ................................. 1-20
Startup diagnostic tests ................................................................................ 1-21
Mobile-phase solvent degassing .................................................................. 1-21
Wavelength selection ..................................................................................... 1-22
2 Setting Up the Detector ........................................................................ 2-1
Before you begin ............................................................................................... 2-2
Installing the detector ..................................................................................... 2-3