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Installation Manual
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The thousands of software packages available for Ubuntu are organised into three key components: main, restricted and universe. Software is published
in one of those components based on whether or not it meets our Free Software Philosophy, and the level of support we can provide for it.
You can read about these components in more detail http://www.ubuntu.com/community/ubuntustory/components. This policy only addresses the
software that you will find in main and restricted, which contain software that is fully supported by the Ubuntu team and must comply with this policy.
In the universe component you will find just about every other piece of software you can imagine, under a huge variety of licenses... really the full
software universe. If you install software from universe please ensure you take the time to check the license for yourself.
All software in Ubuntu main and restricted must be licensed in a way that is compatible with our license policy. There are many definitions of 'free' and
'free software' so we have included our own set of guidelines.
Ubuntu "main" Component license Policy
All application software included in the Ubuntu main component:
-
Must include source code. The main component has a strict and non-negotiable requirement that application software
included in it must come with full source code.
-
Must allow modification and distribution of modified copies under the same license. Just having the source code does not
convey the same freedom as having the right to change it. Without the ability to modify software, the Ubuntu community
cannot support software, fix bugs, translate it, or improve it.
Ubuntu "main" and "restricted" Component license Policy
All application software in both main and restricted must meet the following requirements:
-
Must allow redistribution. Your right to sell or give away the software alone, or as part of an aggregate software distribution,
is important because:
-
You, the user, must be able to pass on any software you have received from Ubuntu in either source code or compiled form.
-
While Ubuntu will not charge license fees for this distribution, you might well want to charge to print Ubuntu CD's, or create
your own customized versions of Ubuntu which you sell, and should have the freedom to do so.
- Must not require royalty payments or any other fee for redistribution or modification. It's important that you can exercise your
rights to this software without having to pay for the privilege, and that you can pass these rights on to other people on exactly
the same basis.
-
Must allow these rights to be passed on along with the software. You should be able to have exactly the same rights to the
software as we do.
-
Must not discriminate against persons, groups or against fields of endeavour. The license of software included in Ubuntu can
not discriminate against anyone or any group of users and cannot restrict users from using the software for a particular field of
endeavour - a business for example. Thus we will not distribute software that is licensed "freely for non-commercial use".
-
Must not be distributed under a license specific to Ubuntu. The rights attached to the software must not depend on the
programme's being part of Ubuntu system. So we will not distribute software for which Ubuntu has a "special" exemption or
right, and we will not put our own software into Ubuntu and then refuse you the right to pass it on.
-
Must not contaminate other software licenses. The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed
along with it. For example, the license must not insist that all other programmes distributed on the same medium be free
software.
-
May require source modifications to be distributed as patches. In some cases, software authors are happy for us to distribute
their software and modifications to their software, as long as the two are distributed separately, so that people always have a
copy of their pristine code. We are happy to respect this preference. However, the license must explicitly permit distribution
of software built from modified source code.
Documentation, Firmware, and Drivers
Ubuntu contains licensed and copyrighted works that are not application software. For example, the default Ubuntu installation includes
documentation, images, sounds, video clips and firmware. The Ubuntu community will make decisions on the inclusion of these works on a case-by-
case basis, ensuring that these works do not restrict our ability to make Ubuntu available free of charge, and that Ubuntu remains re-distributable by
you.
The purpose of the "restricted" component
The Ubuntu team recognises that many users have vital hardware in their computer that requires drivers that are currently only available in binary
format. We urge all hardware vendors to insist that their suppliers provide open source drivers for their components, but we recognise that in some
cases binary drivers are the only way to make your hardware work. As a result, Ubuntu includes several of these drivers on the CD and in the
repository, clearly separated from the rest of the software by being placed in the restricted component.