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ENSTROM 280FX Series, Operator'S Manual

The ENSTROM 280FX Series Pilot's Manual is a comprehensive and indispensable resource for all pilots operating this remarkable aircraft. This manual is available for free download from manualshive.com, providing easy access to essential information, procedures, and specifications, enhancing flight safety and efficiency.

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ENSTROM 280FX OPERATOR’S MANUAL 

7-3 

 

 

 

 

Rev. 6 

Report No. 28-AC-020 

 

Feb 21/12 

SECTION 7. AIRCRAFT AND SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 

7-1. General 

One of the first steps in obtaining the utmost performance and 
service from your 280FX is to familiarize yourself with its 

equipment, systems, and controls. 

7-2. Interior Arrangement 

The cabin interior is a full, three-place, side-by-side seating 
arrangement with a 58-inch width. The instrument panel is on 

the vertical plane for more natural scanning. Excellent 
visibility is offered through the tinted Plexiglas windshield, 
cabin doors, twin overhead and lower deck windows. Swing-

open doors close securely with simple-to-operate safety lock 
handles. The helicopter can be flown with either left, right, or 
both doors removed. 

7-3. Air Induction System 

The air induction system consists of a filtered non-ram intake 

located within the engine compartment. It incorporates a 
spring-loaded, automatic alternate air source and spring-

loaded backfire door. 

7-4. Power Plant 

A turbocharged Lycoming HIO-360-F1AD engine, rated at 225 
HP, is used in this helicopter. The engine is a direct drive, four-
cylinder, fuel injected, horizontally opposed, air cooled engine. 

Platinum spark plugs are supplied with the engine. 

1. Oil System 

  The Lycoming engine employs a wet sump lubrication 

system having a capacity of 8 quarts. The engine oil pump 

circulates the oil through two remote mounted oil coolers to 
provide cooling. One is located on the right-hand side of the 
engine compartment and the second cooler is located below 

the cooling fan. A thermostatic bypass and pressure relief 
valve are  

This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution. Refer to theTechnical 

Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision 

level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual.

UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED

Summary of Contents for 280FX Series

Page 1: ...2 11 13 J Wingers 9 11 5 13 1 30 14 J Wingers 10 4 15 15 8 4 15 J Wingers 11 9 20 17 11 2 17 J Wingers 12 12 3 18 3 13 19 J Wingers Maintain this record in the front of the manual This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the curr...

Page 2: ... 3 26 12 J Wingers 7 6 4 12 7 10 12 J Wingers Maintain this record in the front of the manual This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLO...

Page 3: ...NATED FAA APPROVED BY FOR MANAGER CHICAGO AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION OFFICE CENTRAL REGION FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION FAA APPROVAL DATE ____________________________ THE ENSTROM HELICOPTER CORPORATION 2209 22ND STREET MENOMINEE MICHIGAN 49858 3515 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the T...

Page 4: ...scription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 5: ... 11 Oct 25 17 E Kinney 12 D Barbini FAA Approved by Manager Southwest Flight Test Section AIR 713 Federal Aviation Administration Ft Worth TX NOTE All revisions are indicated by a black vertical line This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter ...

Page 6: ... N A 5 Jul 4 14 EASA 10049746 N A 6 Jun 9 15 EASA 10053596 N A 7 Jul 9 15 FAA EASA T I P G J Michalik 8 Jun 9 15 EASA 10053594 N A 9 Jul 9 15 FAA EASA T I P G J Michalik 10 Feb 13 17 FAA EASA T I P G J Michalik 11 Apr 5 18 FAA EASA T I P M Runyan Section 3 2 T I P This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status...

Page 7: ...erved 10 Reserved 11 Auxiliary Fuel Tank Jan 11 85 G Louser 12 Engine Exhaust Muffler Jul 16 86 P Moe APPROVED FOR THE MANAGER CHICAGO AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION OFFICE CENTRAL REGION FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom...

Page 8: ...oe Sep 28 03 Article 3 Commission Regulation EU 748 2012 N A 5 Reserved 6 Reserved 7 Reserved 8 Reserved 9 Reserved 10 Reserved 11 Auxiliary Fuel Tank Sep 28 03 Article 3 Commission Regulation EU 748 2012 N A 12 Engine Exhaust Muffler Sep 28 03 Article 3 Commission Regulation EU 748 2012 N A This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theT...

Page 9: ...D SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 7 1 8 HANDLING SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE 8 1 9 OPERATIONAL INFORMATION 9 1 10 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT SUPPLEMENTS 10 0 1 10 1 SUPPLEMENT 1 Wet Dry Dispersal System 10 1 1 10 2 SUPPLEMENT 2 Float Landing Gear 10 2 1 10 3 SUPPLEMENT 3 External Loads 10 3 1 10 4 SUPPLEMENT 4 Snowshoe 10 4 1 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution R...

Page 10: ... 10 9 SUPPLEMENT 9 Reserved 10 9 1 10 10 SUPPLEMENT 10 Reserved 10 10 1 10 11 SUPPLEMENT 11 Auxiliary Fuel Tank 10 11 1 10 12 SUPPLEMENT 12 Engine Exhaust Muffler 10 12 1 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revis...

Page 11: ...v 5 13 3 7 Nov 5 13 3 8 Nov 5 13 3 9 Nov 5 13 3 10 Nov 5 13 3 11 Nov 5 13 3 12 Nov 5 13 3 13 Nov 5 13 3 14 Nov 5 13 3 15 Nov 5 13 3 16 Nov 5 13 3 17 Nov 5 13 3 18 Nov 5 13 3 19 Nov 5 13 3 20 Nov 5 13 3 21 Nov 5 13 3 22 Nov 5 13 3 23 Nov 5 13 3 24 Nov 5 13 3 25 Nov 5 13 3 26 Nov 5 13 4 1 Feb 21 12 4 2 Feb 21 12 4 3 Dec 3 18 4 4 Dec 3 18 4 5 Feb 21 12 4 6 Feb 21 12 4 7 Feb 21 12 4 8 Dec 3 18 4 9 Dec...

Page 12: ... 5 13 7 9 Nov 5 13 7 10 Nov 5 13 7 11 Dec 3 18 7 12 Dec 3 18 7 13 Dec 3 18 7 14 Dec 3 18 7 15 Dec 3 18 7 16 Dec 3 18 7 17 Sep 20 17 7 18 Nov 5 13 8 1 Feb 21 12 8 2 Feb 21 12 8 3 Feb 21 12 8 4 Feb 21 12 8 5 Feb 21 12 8 6 Feb 21 12 8 7 Feb 21 12 8 8 Feb 21 12 8 9 Feb 21 12 8 10 Feb 21 12 8 11 Feb 21 12 8 12 Sep 20 17 8 13 Nov 5 13 8 14 Sep 20 17 8 15 Sep 20 17 8 16 Feb 21 12 8 17 Feb 21 12 8 18 Sep ...

Page 13: ... 4 Feb 21 12 10 3 5 Feb 21 12 10 3 6 Feb 21 12 10 3 7 Feb 21 12 10 3 8 Feb 21 12 10 3 9 Feb 21 12 10 3 10 Feb 21 12 10 3 11 Feb 21 12 10 3 12 Feb 21 12 10 4 1 Feb 21 12 10 4 2 Feb 21 12 10 4 3 Feb 21 12 10 4 4 Feb 21 12 10 5 1 Feb 21 12 10 5 2 Feb 21 12 10 6 1 Feb 21 12 10 6 2 Feb 21 12 10 7 1 Feb 21 12 10 7 2 Feb 21 12 10 8 1 Feb 21 12 10 8 2 Feb 21 12 10 9 1 Feb 21 12 10 9 2 Feb 21 12 10 10 1 Fe...

Page 14: ...21 12 10 12 4 Feb 21 12 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 15: ... Cautions and Notes 1 4 1 5 Specifications 1 5 1 6 Performance 1 8 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 1 1 Enstrom 280FX 1 6 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Fligh...

Page 16: ...onic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 17: ...Helicopter Corporation has a network of Distributors Dealers and Service Centers In addition to this Operator s Manual Enstrom Helicopter Corporation has the following technical publications available for your helicopter 1 F 28F 280F Maintenance Manual with 280FX Supplement 2 F 28 280 Series Illustrated Parts Catalog 3 Service Information Letters 4 Service Directive Bulletins Information regarding...

Page 18: ...d by the following 1 WARNING An operating practice or procedure which if not correctly followed could result in personal injury or loss of life 2 CAUTION An operating practice or procedure which if not correctly followed could result in damage to or destruction of equipment 3 NOTE An operating practice or procedure which is essential and requires additional information This electronic document is ...

Page 19: ...a level to 12 000 ft RPM 3050 SFC full rich 0 69 lb hp hr Weight 357 lb Oil 10 qt 8 qt minimum for flight NOTE Total oil capacity for the engine oil system including oil lines and coolers is 10 quarts The engine oil sump capacity is 8 quarts The engine oil dip stick is marked to correspond with the engine oil sump capacity of 8 quarts full and 6 quarts low This electronic document is not linked to...

Page 20: ...onic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 21: ...igned gross weight 2600 lb Empty weight 1570 lb Useful load 1030 lb C G travel 96 3 to 98 0 inches at 2600 lb 92 0 to 98 8 inches at 2350 lb 92 0 to 100 0 inches at 2000 lb NOTE Four gross weight c g envelopes apply to this helicopter reference Figure 6 1 Each envelope is associated with a different maximum ceiling and a different VNE limitation reference Figure 5 1 This electronic document is not...

Page 22: ... IAS at sea level 5 Fuel consumption 75 power leaned 14 7 gal hr 6 Maximum endurance no reserve 57 MPH IAS at sea level leaned 3 5 hr 7 Fuel capacity 42 gal 40 gal usable 8 Maximum R C at sea level 1450 ft min 9 Hover ceiling IGE 13 600 ft See Item 11 10 Hover ceiling OGE 8700 ft 11 Maximum approved operating altitude 12 000 ft Reference Figure 5 1 1 All altitudes are density altitude DA and perfo...

Page 23: ... 2 8 2 10 Minimum Crew 2 8 2 11 Instrument Markings 2 8 2 12 Placards 2 10 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 2 1 VNE Placard Envelopes A B 2 11 2 2 VNE Placard Envelopes C D 2 12 2 3 VNE Placard Envelopes A B w 120 F 2 13 2 4 VNE Placard Envelopes C D w 120 F 2 14 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publicatio...

Page 24: ...This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 25: ...rwise noted 1 The longitudinal datum is 100 0 inches forward of the center of the main rotor head 2 There are four gross weight c g envelopes for this helicopter reference Figure 6 1 Each envelope corresponds to one of four VNE altitude envelopes as described in Paragraph 2 4 reference Figure 5 1 3 Envelope A is the lightest weight envelope with a VNE of 117 MPH at sea level The c g and gross weig...

Page 26: ... varies linearly from 95 5 inches at 2550 lb to 93 8 inches at 2450 lb c Aft limit varies linearly from 97 3 inches at 2550 lb to 98 4 inches at 2470 lb and then to 99 2 inches at 2240 lb d The lower limit corresponds to the upper and aft limits of Envelope B 6 Envelope D is the heaviest envelope It has a VNE at sea level of 85 MPH The c g and gross weight limits vary as follows a Upper weight lim...

Page 27: ...whichever is lower NOTE There are four VNE altitude envelopes that apply to this helicopter Each envelope corresponds to one of four gross weight c g envelopes reference Figure 5 1 2 5 Altitude Maximum approved operating altitude is 12 000 ft density altitude at 2350 lb For variations of altitude with gross weight reference Figure 5 1 NOTE Takeoffs and landings at 2600 lb gross weight were demonst...

Page 28: ...TE During transient maneuvers such as simulated power failure during pilot training the rotor RPM may fall below 334 These maneuvers have been demonstrated with rotor RPM dropping briefly to 280 however sufficient time and altitude must be available to regain RPM NOTE The helicopter is equipped with a rotor RPM warning device Operating the helicopter below 334 RPM with the collective off the down ...

Page 29: ...inlet temperature TIT is 1650 F This limit was previously referred to as EGT exhaust gas temperature 7 Fuel 100 130 aviation grade gasoline green 100LL aviation grade gasoline blue 8 Fuel mixture setting 29 in MP or below Maximum fuel flow full rich Minimum fuel flow leaned to 1650 F rich side of peak 29 in MP to 39 0 in MP Full rich 9 Oil temperature 245 F maximum 10 Oil pressure Maximum starting...

Page 30: ... Instrument Markings 1 Rotor tachometer 334 RPM red line 334 385 RPM green arc 385 RPM red line 2 Engine tachometer 2900 RPM red line 2900 3050 RPM green arc 3050 RPM red line 3 Maximum airspeed 85 MPH Power off blue line or red cross hatched line 117 MPH Power on red line This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publicatio...

Page 31: ...0 psi yellow arc 25 psi red line 7 Cylinder head temperature 500 F red line 200 500 F green arc 8 Exhaust gas temperature Turbine inlet temperature 1650 F Maximum digital readout with placard 9 Transmission oil temperature 225 F red line 0 225 F green arc This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link und...

Page 32: ... helicopters serial number 2133 and subsequent 280FX helicopters serial number 2132 and prior may also use these placards c Smoking restrictions This placard is not required if approved ashtray is installed NO SMOKING d THIS HELICOPTER IS APPROVED FOR OPERATION UNDER DAY AND NIGHT VFR NON ICING CONDITIONS ONLY e This placard is to be placed adjacent to the collective friction device COLLECTIVE FRI...

Page 33: ...es A B This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 34: ...es C D This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 35: ... B w 120 F This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 36: ... D w 120 F This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 37: ...the clutch handle STOW FLAT ON FLOOR BEFORE FLIGHT 4 This placard is to be placed near the door handle EMERGENCY EXIT PULL DOOR HANDLE TO OPEN CABIN DOOR This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the ...

Page 38: ... This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 39: ...s and Drive Systems 3 11 Paragraph 3 10 Rotor RPM Light Illumination 3 11 3 11 Tail Rotor Malfunctions 3 11 3 12 Main Rotor Gearbox and Tail Rotor Gearbox 3 14 3 13 Clutch Disengagement Light CLUTCH ENGAGE On 3 15 Fire 3 16 Paragraph 3 14 Fire in Flight 3 16 3 15 Fire on the Ground 3 16 Electrical System 3 17 Paragraph 3 16 Alternator Malfunction 3 17 3 17 Starter Relay On 3 17 3 18 Engine Monitor...

Page 40: ...t Controls 3 21 Paragraph 3 20 Abnormal Vibrations 3 21 3 21 Cyclic Trim Failure 3 21 3 22 Lamiflex Bearing Failure 3 23 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UN...

Page 41: ...copter control All procedures are subordinate to this requirement 2 Urgency to Land a Land Immediately Perform a landing at the closest suitable landing site b Land as Soon as Practicable Land at the nearest suitable airport or landing facility 3 3 After Emergency Action After a malfunction of equipment has occurred appropriate emergency actions have been taken and the helicopter is on the ground ...

Page 42: ...not open break the door windows overhead windows or windshields as the situation requires This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED...

Page 43: ...r limit and when the rotor RPM falls below the lower limit 1 Engine Failure Altitude above 375 ft AGL If engine failure occurs proceed as follows a Enter autorotation collective full down throttle to idle and right pedal to trim helicopter b Stabilize at 58 MPH glide best rate descent speed CAUTION Due to high rates of descent sustained autorotation speed is limited to 85 MPH or VNE for the operat...

Page 44: ...nd apply up collective to cushion landing h Maximum recommended ground contact speed on prepared surfaces is 35 MPH Reduce speed on rough surfaces CAUTION Avoid rapid lowering of collective or use of aft cyclic after ground contact or during ground slide 2 Air Restart If an engine failure occurs in flight the decision to attempt a restart will depend on the altitude and potential landing areas ava...

Page 45: ... the touchdown point without excessive rotor droop The collective reduction will vary from no reduction at zero airspeed and 10 feet to full down collective at higher altitudes and airspeeds If engine failure occurs proceed as follows a Adjust collective to maintain rotor RPM throttle to idle position and right pedal to trim helicopter b Adjust cyclic for autorotative glide NOTE At higher altitude...

Page 46: ...ht pedal to prevent yawing and align skids in direction of motion b DO NOT reduce collective c As helicopter settles to the ground apply up collective to cushion landing 3 6 Low Engine Oil Pressure 1 Low Oil Pressure and Normal Oil Temperature If low oil pressure is accompanied by normal oil temperature there is a possibility the oil pressure gauge or relief valve is malfunctioning This is not nec...

Page 47: ... and altitudes as the engine should be capable of maintaining manifold pressure equal to ambient pressure If the wastegate seizes it may take considerable force on the throttle twist grip to separate the linkage between the throttle and the wastegate If the turbocharger seizes or the wastegate seizes in the full bypass condition proceed as follows 1 Perform a power check to confirm power available...

Page 48: ... ditching is unavoidable without other recourse proceed as follows 1 Descend to low hovering altitude over water 2 Unlatch both doors 3 Exit passengers 4 Hover clear of passengers 5 Turn off master and alternator 6 Close throttle and complete hovering autorotation 7 As collective reaches full up position and helicopter settles into water apply full right lateral cyclic WARNING Clear helicopter as ...

Page 49: ...The following is a description of the three basic types of malfunctions and appropriate emergency procedures to follow 1 Complete Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust This condition can be caused by a failure of the tail rotor drive system or a failure of the control system which would allow the blades to assume a neutral pitch condition a Hovering Flight When tail rotor thrust is lost in hovering flight the...

Page 50: ...he tail rotor pitch becomes fixed during an approach or low power setting the nose will turn to the right when power is applied Proceed as follows 1 Maintain 24 inches manifold pressure and 50 MPH 2 Fly to suitable area and complete a shallow power on approach at 50 MPH 3 Adjust throttle and collective pitch so the helicopter touches down straight ahead at an airspeed of 0 10 MPH Slight left or ri...

Page 51: ...ottle and collective pitch cautiously as skid gear contacts surface NOTE Application of power to settings greater than 23 inches manifold pressure will make the helicopter more controllable Therefore landing attempt may be aborted and new approach initiated if required 3 Loss of Tail Rotor or Components The amount of weight lost will determine the helicopter reaction If a small amount of weight is...

Page 52: ...s practicable and inspect the chip detector reference NOTE below NOTE New or recently overhauled gearboxes generally generate a ferrous fuzz which will collect around the chip detector as a gray sludge This type of contamination is normal and may be cleaned off with a soft cloth and the chip detector may be reinstalled and the flight continued Any metallic chip greater than 1 16 inch in diameter o...

Page 53: ...otion Cues a Enter autorotation and reduce power to idle b Perform autorotative landing c Inspect for and correct the source of trouble before continuing flight Refer to the F 28F 280F Series Maintenance Manual for engine overspeed trouble shooting para 3 3 G 2 Clutch Disengagement Light On Without Motion Cues a Reduce power and be prepared for sudden clutch disengagement b Land at nearest suitabl...

Page 54: ...the ground 5 Shut fuel valve OFF 6 Pilot and passengers clear the helicopter immediately 3 15 Fire on the Ground If fire smoke or the odor of smoke is detected proceed as follows 1 Shut off engine and all switches 2 Shut fuel valve OFF 3 Pilot and passengers clear the helicopter immediately This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTe...

Page 55: ...y are closed During normal operations the only time the light will illuminate is when the engine is being started Depending on the cause of the malfunction there may be significant power loss as the magnetos revert to the starting configuration that is one magneto off and the other running at retarded timing If the STARTER RELAY light illuminates when the engine is not being started proceed as fol...

Page 56: ...ately g If possible disconnect the battery 3 18 Engine Monitor Failure NOTE The following applies to aircraft equipped with either the GEM 600 series or the EDM 700 engine monitors During flight a faulty channel or probe will cause a missing column or blank digital data on the engine monitor display Proceed as follows for the type of indication failure encountered 1 TIT indication failure a Leave ...

Page 57: ...rmational only 3 CHT indication failure a If one or more CHT indications fail monitor the remaining CHT indications and the CHT indicator in the instrument cluster b If all CHT indications fail monitor the CHT indicator in the instrument cluster NOTE Auxiliary indications if equipped are also informational and will not affect further flight if a failure occurs 4 Other indication failure if equippe...

Page 58: ...ng light With sufficient fuel supply the engine will continue to function If the LOW FUEL PRESS warning light comes on verify fuel quantity and land as soon as practicable If fuel quantity is zero or low prepare for engine stoppage This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support...

Page 59: ...structions 3 21 Cyclic Trim Failure Failure of the cyclic trim control system will result in either inoperative trim or a trim runaway in one of the four primary directions forward aft left or right If the trim circuit breaker trips it should be left out for the remainder of the flight Depending upon the failure mode and the flight condition at the time of failure the cyclic forces may be relative...

Page 60: ...t i The pilot should plan a landing to an area where there is ample room to maneuver The aircraft will fly in a right crab and maintaining a straight course may be difficult ii Lateral course corrections can be made using pedal and longitudinal cyclic but the aircraft may not be aligned with the ground course iii Perform an approach to a low hover forward speed can be stopped but there may be some...

Page 61: ... to the next or from one day to the next for no apparent reason 2 The aircraft cannot be trimmed at a hover or runs out of trim at maximum forward flight speed when previously there was no problem 3 The collective suddenly ratchets when moved up and down when previously it had been smooth or the collective suddenly feels heavy 4 The cyclic suddenly wobbles or moves in a circular motion when previo...

Page 62: ...he following are the procedures to be used in dealing with total lamiflex bearing failure 1 Maintain control of the aircraft 2 Collective Lower slowly Commence an 800 900 ft min descent WARNING Do NOT autorotate Aircraft control at the termination of an autorotation may be questionable with a totally failed lamiflex 3 Airspeed Reduce to 50 60 MPH 4 Rotor RPM Reduce to minimum power on RPM 5 Maneuv...

Page 63: ...in a hover 7 Shutdown Complete This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 64: ...This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 65: ...3 4 9 Rotor Engagement 4 14 4 10 Operational Checks 4 15 4 11 Before Takeoff 4 16 4 12 Takeoff to Hover 4 17 4 13 Normal Takeoff 4 18 4 14 Maximum Performance Takeoff 4 19 4 15 Reserved 4 20 4 16 Cruise 4 20 4 17 Practice Autorotations 4 21 4 18 Landing 4 22 4 19 Running Landing 4 22 4 20 After Landing 4 23 4 21 General Operation Procedures 4 24 This electronic document is not linked to a subscrip...

Page 66: ...ON PAGE 4 1 Strut Extension Check 4 5 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 67: ...ooks to determine if the helicopter is airworthy 4 2 Preflight Inspection General The following checklists are designed to be used as a guide while performing the preflight inspection Thoroughly familiarize yourself with the Maintenance Manual before utilizing the checklists 4 3 Before Preflight Inspection 1 Aircraft tie downs and covers Removed and stowed 2 Publications Check the cabin for the fo...

Page 68: ...Master switch ON 4 Fuel quantity check 5 Lights ON then OFF after check Check landing anti collision position and interior lights for condition and security 6 Annunciator panel press to test all lights should be on when button TEST is pushed 7 Master switch OFF 8 Ignition switch OFF 9 All other switches OFF 10 Fuel valve ON 11 Right side flight controls check security if installed Check if properl...

Page 69: ...filter 2 Right fuel tank drain Drain sample into jar Verify the fuel grade check the cleanliness and check that fuel is free of water 3 Fuel filter Secure and drain fuel sample into jar Verify the fuel grade check the cleanliness and check that fuel is free of water 4 5 Preflight Inspection Exterior 1 Left door check condition security and latch operation 2 Windshield check condition 3 Pitot tube ...

Page 70: ...wheel removed or in up position and secured 8 Right side engine compartment a Electrical wiring condition and terminals tight b Induction system no obstructions filter secure induction hose and lines secure and backfire and alternate air doors free c Fuel lines secure and no signs of leakage d Oil lines secure and no signs of leakage e Exhaust no cracks or signs of leakage f Cowl door secure This ...

Page 71: ...way mark on sight gauge 11 Right fuel tank a Check for leaks check fuel quantity and cap secured NOTE When checking the fuel quantity Enstrom recommends using a calibrated dipstick CAUTION If the fuel level indication on the dipstick is lower than 1 4 take off is not recommended 12 From steps a Check main rotor gearbox filler cap closed b Check area between fuel tanks for leaks and obstruction to ...

Page 72: ...gs and flex couplings 17 Right horizontal stabilizer check condition and security 18 Right vertical stabilizer check condition and security 19 Right position and anti collision lights check security 20 Tail rotor a Control cables check condition tension and security b Tail rotor transmission check for oil leakage and check oil quantity Check for security of attachment c Tail rotor guard check for ...

Page 73: ...stem engage manual clutch and check belt tensioning system for proper rigging Disengage manual clutch b Cooling fan check condition 28 Left fuel tank a Check for leaks check fuel quantity and cap secured NOTE When checking the fuel quantity Enstrom recommends using a calibrated dipstick CAUTION If the fuel level indication on the dipstick is lower than 1 4 take off is not recommended 29 Upper insp...

Page 74: ...ailpipe and attempt to displace it The tailpipe must not be loose b Turbocharger check condition and security Check condition of thermal cover and check area around turbocharger for evidence of heat damage c Exhaust system and wastegate check for security and evidence of leakage Wastegate linkage should be in detent throttle motion should be free and unrestricted with associated wastegate motion d...

Page 75: ...rning on its own when the collective is raised or lowered 5 Collective full down and locked 6 Fuel valve ON in 7 Heater as desired in for OFF 8 Rotor clutch disengaged CAUTION Starting helicopter with clutch engaged will not damage rotor system but will severely overload the starter motor 9 Mixture control in idle cutoff position 10 Check magnetic compass 11 Altimeter set to field elevation 12 Rad...

Page 76: ...s upon the temperature of the engine If the engine is cold soaked in cold temperatures it may require 8 seconds or more If the engine has just been run it may require one second or less 10 Boost pump OFF 11 Mixture control to idle cutoff ICO 12 Throttle closed Then open to start position i e index up Reference Section 7 Aircraft and Systems Description CAUTION Excessive throttle opening on startin...

Page 77: ...the F 28F 280F Series Maintenance Manual Paragraph 13 4 D 8 Adjustments should be performed by maintenance personnel only 20 AV MA accessory switches ON and headset s ON 21 When engine oil pressure is above 25 psi and engine is running smoothly rotor may be engaged 4 8 Starting Hot or Flooded Engine 1 Hot engine a Proceed with normal starting procedure para 4 7 steps 1 5 b Prime engine 0 3 seconds...

Page 78: ...ctive down and locked CAUTION Heavy spring capsule forces are present with zero or low rotor RPM and damage to the helicopter and engine can result if the collective is allowed to rise CAUTION Collective friction is to be used for ground operation only 2 Check pedals in neutral position 3 Center cyclic with trim motors 4 Check area for personnel and obstructions 5 Maintain throttle in idle positio...

Page 79: ... for cylinder head temperature to reach 200 F 2 After reaching 200 F cylinder head temperature slowly advance throttle to 2300 RPM and wait until oil temperature reads 80 F 3 Advance throttle to 3050 RPM Low rotor RPM warning light should go out at 334 rotor RPM 2900 engine RPM 4 Check fuel flow 65 70 lb hr engine cold 50 65 lb hr engine warm a Adjust the fuel flow as required to attain 50 70 lbs ...

Page 80: ...h to ON position and observe proper light indication s 8 Gently close throttle to split tachometer needles to check proper operation of overrunning clutch When needles join return to operating RPM 4 11 Before Takeoff Check the following items for proper position or indication 1 Seatbelts and doors latched 2 Fuel valve ON in 3 Ammeter 4 Main rotor gearbox temperature 5 Fuel quantity 6 Cylinder head...

Page 81: ... main rotor reaches 334 RPM 3 Slowly and smoothly increase collective pitch and adjust throttle as required to maintain RPM in the green arc while raising collective to lift helicopter off the ground The correlator will maintain RPM in the green if the throttle grip is not allowed to move and if the helicopter is flown smoothly 4 Check TIT 1450 1500 F a If EGT TIT is above 1500 F land and richen t...

Page 82: ...uired to hover 3 Smoothly apply forward cyclic to begin acceleration into effective translational lift 4 As the helicopter begins forward movement maintain altitude by increasing collective pitch NOTE Adjust acceleration rate so approximately 1 2 inches of manifold pressure over hover power is required Maintain 2 ft hover altitude or lower altitude if permitted by safe obstacle or terrain clearanc...

Page 83: ...nches of manifold pressure NOTE Since the 280FX is equipped with a full time turbocharger the aircraft is equipped with an OVERBOOST warning light to warn the pilot of a potential overboost condition Transient overboost conditions that may trigger the warning light may not show as overboost conditions on the manifold pressure gauge and the overboost light may come on slightly before the red line o...

Page 84: ...4 Monitor TIT NOTE Allow a few minutes for temperature to stabilize DO NOT exceed 1650 F TIT Make fine adjustments to attain desired fuel flow and cross check cylinder head temperature and oil temperature If temperatures are too high enrich mixture until temperatures remain within limits 5 Any increase in power setting above 29 inches should be accompanied by setting the mixture to full rich CAUTI...

Page 85: ...dle at altitudes 7 000 ft above base altitude where engine idle was adjusted Engine idle speeds at altitude will be less than those set at base altitude conditions and engine stoppage is possible 7 Level aircraft and cushion landing by raising collective 8 If power recovery is desired adjust throttle to maintain engine RPM in the normal operating range If the throttle was not adjusted when the col...

Page 86: ... landing area is approached reduce the airspeed and rate of descent until a zero ground speed hovering altitude of 2 5 ft is attained NOTE Hovering IGE above 10 000 ft density altitude is limited to 5 minutes 4 19 Running Landing 1 Use shallow approach angle 2 Maximum recommended ground contact speed on smooth surface is 35 MPH Reduce speed on rough surfaces CAUTION Avoid rapid lowering of collect...

Page 87: ...led by a red warning light on the instrument console 7 Idle engine at 1500 RPM for 2 minutes or until cylinder head temperature cools to 300 F 8 Boost pump OFF 9 Mixture control to idle cutoff position 10 Ignition switch OFF 11 Master and all other switches OFF This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status li...

Page 88: ...n some normal operations such as hovering downwind or hovering in gusty conditions the pilot should avoid excessive pedal movement except as necessary for normal flight operations This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the curr...

Page 89: ...ound Effect 5 6 5 4 Hover Ceiling Out of Ground Effect 5 7 5 5 Height Velocity Diagram 2350 lb Gross Weight 5 8 5 6 Effect of Loading on Choice of H V Envelope 5 9 5 7 Height Velocity Diagram 2600 lb Gross Weight 5 10 5 8 Density Altitude Chart 5 11 5 9 Best Rate of Climb Speed 5 12 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical ...

Page 90: ...This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 91: ... use Envelope B VNE Example Helicopter c g is 95 0 inches at 2400 lb use Envelope B VNE Example Helicopter c g is 98 0 inches at 2400 lb use Envelope C VNE Example Helicopter c g is 96 0 inches at 2550 lb use Envelope C VNE Example Helicopter c g is 97 0 inches at 2560 lb use Envelope D VNE NOTE Use Figure 6 1 to determine actual location of c g This electronic document is not linked to a subscrip...

Page 92: ...y Altitude This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 93: ...below 20 MPH are not reliable This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 94: ...id Height 350 Rotor RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 95: ... Skid Height 350 Rotor RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 96: ...Tests conducted on prepared surfaces This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 97: ...ns above 2500 lb gross weight use the H V curves presented in Figure 5 7 in place of Figures 5 6 and Figure 5 5 1 A gross weight of 2000 lb and 3900 ft Hd would allow the use of the sea level envelope 2 A gross weight of 2200 lb and 4500 ft Hd would require a 2800 ft curve To be conservative use the next higher curve 4000 ft Figure 5 6 Effect of Loading on Choice of H V Envelope This electronic do...

Page 98: ...d operations when using this figure Figure 5 7 Height Velocity Diagram 2600 lb Gross Weight This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOAD...

Page 99: ...hart This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 100: ...om 57 MPH IAS at SL decreasing to 48 MPH IAS at 12 000 ft Hd This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 101: ...lopes 6 4 6 2 Lateral Offset Moment Envelope 6 5 6 3 280FX C G Diagram 6 6 6 4 Loading Chart 6 10 6 5 Gross Weight vs Longitudinal Moment 6 11 6 6 Weight Sheet 6 12 6 7 Weight and Balance 6 13 6 8 Weight and C G Calculation 6 14 6 9 Equipment List 6 15 6 10 Equipment List Continued 6 16 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechni...

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Page 103: ...loaded properly 6 2 Approved Center of Gravity Envelopes 1 Longitudinal C G a Station zero is located 100 0 inches forward of centerline of main rotor hub b Longitudinal c g range variable with gross weight from 92 0 inches to 100 0 inches reference Figure 6 1 2 Lateral Offset Moment a Centerline of helicopter is 0 inch lateral moment arm Looking forward moment arms left of centerline are negative...

Page 104: ...et is the same for all VNE envelopes Figure 6 1 Longitudinal CG Envelopes This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 105: ...is electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 106: ...ronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 107: ...ns in Paragraph 6 2 Step 2 and Figure 6 2 2 Sample calculation Longitudinal C G Sample Helicopter S N _______ SAMPLE LOADING Arm in Weight lb Momen t 1000 in lb Weigh t lb Momen t in lb a Basic empty weight from Figure 6 7 100 7 1610 0 162 1 b Pilot and passengers cabin seats 62 0 480 0 29 8 1 c Baggage compartmen t load 135 0 20 0 2 7 1 d Total weight and moment with zero usable fuel to check c g...

Page 108: ...ple Calculation Lateral Offset Moment Sample Helicopter SAMPLE LOADING Arm in Weight lb Moment in lb a Pilot left seat 13 5 170 2295 b Passenger center seat 3 0 140 420 c Passenger right seat 20 5 170 3485 d Total 1610 a Plot 2350 lb and 1610 in lb on Figure 6 2 to ensure moment is in approved area 194 600 in lb 2110 0 lb 217 600 in lb 2350 0 lb This electronic document is not linked to a subscrip...

Page 109: ...l change the helicopter weight and c g Subtract the weight and moment of the door s when removing them and add the weight and moment when reinstalling These changes shall be recorded on the Weight and Balance form Figure 6 7 by a licensed mechanic to maintain the running basic total weight arm and moment or the pilot can account for the door weight and c g changes in the individual weight and bala...

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Page 111: ...n aircraft as of the date of this revision Refer to the actual weight and balance records for the aircraft This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COP...

Page 112: ... based on a standard computation for this aircraft This form is the basis for the forms in Figures 6 7 and 6 8 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED...

Page 113: ...ent changes The last entry is the current weight and balance status of the basic helicopter This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOAD...

Page 114: ...ance form for the aircraft as delivered This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 115: ...ent Figure 6 9 Equipment List Figures 6 9 and 6 10 are the standard and optional equipment list This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWN...

Page 116: ... electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 117: ...System 7 10 7 10 Rotor System 7 10 7 11 Flight Controls 7 11 7 12 Flight Instruments 7 12 7 13 Electrical Power Supply System 7 14 7 14 Lighting Equipment 7 14 7 15 Landing Gear System 7 15 7 16 Baggage Compartment 7 16 7 17 Rotor RPM Warning System 7 17 7 18 Annunciator Panel 7 17 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical P...

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Page 119: ...gine compartment It incorporates a spring loaded automatic alternate air source and spring loaded backfire door 7 4 Power Plant A turbocharged Lycoming HIO 360 F1AD engine rated at 225 HP is used in this helicopter The engine is a direct drive four cylinder fuel injected horizontally opposed air cooled engine Platinum spark plugs are supplied with the engine 1 Oil System The Lycoming engine employ...

Page 120: ...ch coordinates throttle control for changes in collective pitch settings The throttle correlation linkage is connected to the fuel servo throttle valve on the engine A round head rivet mounted on the forward end of the twist grip is used for a start position index A friction control for the rotating throttle is located just aft of the throttle grip To increase the throttle friction turn the fricti...

Page 121: ...ke air to a density greater than sea level and delivers it to the engine intake This increased mass of air allows the engine to breathe with the same volumetric efficiency that it does at low altitudes The engine can produce 225 HP at all altitudes up to 12 000 ft density altitude 4 Wastegate The wastegate is a valve that controls the amount of exhaust gases directed to the turbocharger The valve ...

Page 122: ...te of change of CHT CLD maximum EGT differential DIF and voltage BAT Aircraft limitations are based on the CHT indicator in the instrument cluster CHT indications on the engine monitor are informational only 1 The EDM 700 initially starts in Manual mode and switches to Automatic mode after power up two minutes In Automatic mode the display automatically sequences through parameter values In Manual...

Page 123: ...ns or increase engine life Lycoming and various industry groups have additional guidance Tapping the STEP button will clear the alarm from the screen for 10 minutes Holding the STEP button until the word OFF is displayed will turn off the alarm until the EDM 700 power is cycled off then on Table 7 1 EDM 700 Recommended Alarm Limit Values Parameter Description Recommended Limit CHT Cylinder head te...

Page 124: ... 7 7 Clutch Engaging Lever The clutch engagement lever is located at the right side of the pilot s seat on the forward face of the seat structure The clutch lever is provided as a means of engaging and disengaging the rotor drive system A red warning light CLUTCH ENGAGE illuminates when the master switch is on and the clutch is disengaged The rotor drive system is engaged by pulling the clutch lev...

Page 125: ... is located on the switch circuit breaker panel The red fuel pressure warning light LOW FUEL PRESS is located on the annunciator panel and will illuminate at any time the fuel boost pump is shut off or fails to function properly 2 Fuel Quantity Indicator The fuel quantity gauge continuously indicates the total quantity of fuel It is hooked up through a float type transmitter located in the right h...

Page 126: ...on is equipped with a self contained lubricant supply and a visual lubricant level gauge at the rear of the housing Both transmissions are equipped with quick disconnect chip detectors which are connected to aviation yellow caution lights MRGB CHIP and TRGB CHIP in the annunciator panel 7 10 Rotor System 1 Main Rotor The main rotor is a three blade fully articulated system The fully articulated sy...

Page 127: ...meter The rotor RPM indicator is part of a dual purpose tachometer that also reads engine RPM 7 11 Flight Controls 1 Cyclic Control The cyclic control stick is a curved tube extending from the floor up between the legs of the pilot The direction of stick movement results in a change of the plane of rotation of the main rotor and will produce a corresponding directional movement of the helicopter t...

Page 128: ...ional Control Pedals The directional control pedals are located in the cabin forward of the pilot and or co pilot When moved these adjustable pedals change the pitch of the tail rotor blades and thereby provide the method of changing directional heading NOTE The copilot flight controls may be removed to accommodate passengers or cargo Refer to SIL 0179 for removal and installation instructions 4 S...

Page 129: ...static vent ports must be free of obstructions and clean at all times for proper instrument operation 2 Altimeter The altimeter is a sensitive type that provides height readings from 0 to 25 000 ft The long hand in a single complete sweep of the dial totals 1 000 ft and the short hand totals thousands of feet altitude The instrument is vented to the same static port vents as the airspeed indicator...

Page 130: ...side of the aft landing gear cross tube 2 Electrical Power Panel The following switches combination circuit breakers are located on the switch circuit breaker panel mounted on the instrument console within easy reach of pilot or co pilot magneto key switch master switch alternator switch and alternator circuit breaker boost pump switch navigation position lights switch anti collision light switch ...

Page 131: ...actured through S N 2166 the forward landing light is controlled by push button switch located on the pilot s cyclic The aft landing light is controlled by the panel switch LDG LT AFT For S N 2167 and subsequent the forward and aft landing lights are controlled by the FWD LDG LT and AFT LDG LT switches located on the collective switch box The forward landing light switch also has a setting for pul...

Page 132: ...pter is parked If the aircraft has optional removable Brackett wheels they should be removed before the engine is run up The wheels and brackets can be removed for flight or they can be secured in the up position The wheels weigh 13 pounds and are attached to the skids at station 104 7 The weight and balance for each flight must account for the location of the wheels If the wheels are left on the ...

Page 133: ... the collective is fully down Thus the horn will not sound if the RPM limit is exceeded during an autorotation with the collective fully down the light will still illuminate Some earlier S N aircraft may have been modified with the Hi Low Rotor RPM Warning System 7 18 Annunciator Panel All of the warning and caution lights are contained in an annunciator panel which is located at the top of the in...

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Page 135: ...tion RPM Schedule 6000 Ft Base Altitude 8 23 LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 8 1 Engine Oil Recommendations 8 8 8 2 Approved Main Rotor Transmission Oil 8 12 8 3 Overrunning Clutch Lubrication Specifications 8 14 8 4 Approved Tail Rotor Transmission Oil 8 14 8 5 Oleo Strut Service Pressure 8 17 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution R...

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Page 137: ...irectives AD AD s are mandatory inspections or changes that must be completed within the time specified in the Directive 8 2 Required Inspections 1 Regulatory Requirements All aircraft are required to undergo periodic inspections dependent on the regulations under which they are operating Your maintenance facility can help you determine the required program Owners and operators of exported helicop...

Page 138: ... A c defines work classified as preventive maintenance Preventive maintenance may be performed by a certified pilot on a helicopter he or she owns or operates The work must be performed in accordance with the Maintenance Manual and logged in the helicopter or engine log NOTE Owners and operators of exported helicopters should check with their own NAA to determine the scope of allowed preventive ma...

Page 139: ...uantity 40 US gallons Grade 100 130 100LL NOTE Refer to the latest revision of Lycoming Service Instruction No 1070 for the latest information on alternate fuels b Servicing Fuel System The fuel filler caps are located on the top outboard of each fuel tank c Filling Fuel System To prevent moisture condensation refuel aircraft as soon as possible using the following procedure WARNING Use all necess...

Page 140: ...a hot engine service the right tank opposite the turbocharger exhaust first allowing turbo exhaust to cool down prior to refueling the left tank NOTE As cross feeding is occurring during fueling and to ensure full capacity of both tanks it may be necessary to refill the right side tank taking care not to overfill 3 Secure fuel caps and remove ground wire 4 Visually check all fuel lines and compone...

Page 141: ...t oil at all times Refer to the latest revision of Lycoming Service Instruction No 1014 and recommends oil and filter changes at every 50 hours of operation and more frequently if operated in dusty dry climates a Adding Engine Oil System 1 Visually check oil level on dipstick Add oil refer to Table 8 1 to bring level to the eight 8 quart FULL graduation mark NOTE Total oil capacity for the engine ...

Page 142: ...ow oil to drain NOTE Engine oil should be warm and a sufficient amount of time should be allowed for complete drainage of sump 4 Connect the hose after draining the oil 5 Reinstall the drain plug and safety wire or close the drain valve c Replacement of Engine Oil Filter P N CH48103 A spin on type oil filter is located on the accessory housing The filter should be replaced at each oil change To re...

Page 143: ...s installed engine sump drain plug is installed or drain valve closed and engine oil cooler drain hoses are installed 2 Add 8 quarts of oil to the engine sump refer to Table 8 1 NOTE Two 2 additional quarts of oil will be required after the initial ground run because of the oil filter oil coolers and lines in the lubrication system 3 Secure filler cap and dipstick 4 Check all oil lines and compone...

Page 144: ... installed as a replacement unit a Electrolyte Spillage Overfilling and overcharging are two common causes of electrolyte spillage To preclude corrosion due to battery acid spillage these simple servicing precautions should be performed 1 Maintain the proper electrolyte level 2 Visually inspect battery for cracks spillage corrosion and security of mounting 3 Visually inspect adjacent structures fo...

Page 145: ...ide of the transmission The top step kick in panel on the right side of the helicopter can be opened for the inspection With the helicopter in a relatively level position the oil level should be at or near the halfway level in the sight gauge The main rotor transmission oil capacity is 6 pints When the oil is drained from the transmission only 5 5 pints of oil are required for servicing the transm...

Page 146: ...vable chip detector and a self sealing base fitting refer to para 8 5 item 11 for additional information The following procedures are to be used in draining the transmission 1 Remove and inspect the magnetic chip detector for evidence of metal do not disconnect the wire lead tie back out of the way 2 Install a trough type device under the base fitting of the chip detector outward to the left side ...

Page 147: ...til two screws are horizontal and the third screw is above 2 Remove the top screw and one of the side screws If clutch is properly serviced oil will seep from the side hole 3 Add oil through top hole reference Table 8 3 Due to the location of the drilled oil passage it is possible for the sprags to partially block the hole so that the clutch will take oil very slowly Adding oil under pressure usin...

Page 148: ...Refer to Table 8 4 for the approved oils for servicing the tail rotor transmission Table 8 4 Approved Tail Rotor Transmission Oil MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER S DESIGNATION Exxon Mobile Corporation Mobil 1 Synthetic Gear Lubricant LS 75W 90 Mobil Delvac Synthetic Gear Oil 75W 90 Mobilube HD LS 80W 90 Mobilube HD Plus 80W 90 Shell Oil Company Shell Helix Racing Gear Oil 75W 90 Exxon Exxon Gear Oil GX ...

Page 149: ...cessary b Servicing Tail Rotor Transmission 1 Reinstall chip detector base and chip detector 2 Using a suitable clean squirt can add oil to filler 3 Install filler plug 4 Safety wire the filler plug magnetic plug base fitting and sight gauge with 0 032 safety wire 5 Visually check for oil leaks 6 Wipe dry any oil spillage using a clean cloth 7 Main Rotor Dampers P N 28 14375 Three dampers are loca...

Page 150: ...nance Manual for removal and seal replacement instructions c Check attachment fittings and hardware for cracks and security Replace all damaged or worn parts NOTE Removal of the oleo struts for seal replacement and replacement of damaged or worn landing gear parts is NOT Preventative Maintenance d Servicing Oleo Strut When the oleo strut requires nitrogen proceed as follows 1 Remove landing gear f...

Page 151: ...when helicopter is sitting on ground after servicing Refer to Item 8 a above 6 Reinstall landing gear fairing 9 Ground Handling Wheels a Each skid tube has provisions for a manually operated wheel assembly To lower the wheels raise the aircraft 1 Install wheel bar on ground handling wheel axle with the handle pointed aft 2 Remove lock pin 3 With a steady lifting motion rotate bar 180 forward and i...

Page 152: ... Check the tire pressure 70 to 75 psi 2 Lubricate axle shaft with general purpose grease 3 Lubricate wheel bearings with wheel bearing grease 10 Transparent Plastic The plastic cabin windows and doors provide complete visibility for the pilot and the passenger Maintaining these plastic enclosures consists of proper cleaning procedures and good visual inspections NOTE When cleaning windows with soa...

Page 153: ...ted out of a base near sea level with the original blades However if the helicopter is operated out of a base at an altitude of 6000 ft or higher the autorotation RPM should be checked and readjusted as necessary In addition if the helicopter was operated out of a base above 6000 ft and is moved to a lower altitude the autorotation RPM should be checked Finally the autorotation RPM should be check...

Page 154: ...n is stabilized record the rotor RPM the outside air temperature OAT and the pressure altitude with the altimeter set to 29 92 inches Hg It is important that the autorotation is stabilized before these readings are taken 4 Compare these readings with the information provided in Figure 8 1 or 8 2 as appropriate 5 If the RPM is not correct as indicated by the appropriate schedule adjust the RPM as d...

Page 155: ...rut 2 Remove the strap 3 Remove the upper hinge bolt Support the door while removing the bolt Note the number of washers and their position prior to removing bolt 4 Slightly raise the door off the bottom hinge pin and remove the door Note the number of washers if any at the bottom of the hinge pin b The door installation is the reversal of the steps above 15 Copilot Flight Controls Refer to SIL 01...

Page 156: ... collective full down Check RPM in steady 60 MPH autorotation with the collective full down Record pressure altitude altimeter set to 29 92 OAT rotor RPM and aircraft weight Do not exceed 385 RPM or drop below 332 RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the E...

Page 157: ...collective full down Check RPM in steady 60 MPH autorotation with the collective full down Record pressure altitude altimeter set to 29 92 OAT rotor RPM and aircraft weight Do not exceed 385 RPM or drop below 332 RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the En...

Page 158: ...onic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 159: ...is electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 160: ...onic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 161: ...t 5 Reserved Supplement 6 Reserved Supplement 7 Reserved Supplement 8 Reserved Supplement 9 Reserved Supplement 10 Reserved Supplement 11 Auxiliary Fuel Tank 10 11 1 Supplement 12 Engine Exhaust Muffler 10 12 1 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom ...

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Page 163: ...r Malfunction 10 1 7 Section IV Normal Procedures 10 1 9 Paragraph 10 1 13 Preflight Check 10 1 9 10 1 14 Pre Take Off 10 1 9 10 1 15 Hover Check 10 1 9 Section V Performance 10 1 10 Section VI Weight and Balance 10 1 15 Section VII Installation Instructions 10 1 17 Paragraph 10 1 16 Initial Installation 10 1 17 10 1 17 Dispersal System Items 10 1 17 10 1 18 Installation Procedures Wet Dispersal S...

Page 164: ...ling Out Of Ground Effect 10 1 13 10 1 5 Height Velocity Diagram 10 1 14 10 1 6 Gross Weight vs Longitudinal C G 10 1 16 LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 10 1 1 Weight and Balance Information 10 1 15 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Hel...

Page 165: ... when agricultural spray equipment is installed in compliance with Enstrom Helicopter Drawing 28 22620 Initial installation of electrical components pump clutch control rails drive system boom attach fittings and upper tank attach fittings must be performed by a certified mechanic and entered in the air frame log After initial installation removal or installation of wet dry dispersal system may be...

Page 166: ... tank 350 lb 10 1 5 Center of gravity limitations 1 96 3 inches to 98 inches at 2600 lb 2 For weights lower than 2600 lb reference Figure 10 1 6 10 1 6 Type of Operation 1 Approved for restricted category operations under provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 137 10 1 7 Placards 1 On Tank RESTRICTED AGRICULTURAL OPERATION ONLY MAX LOAD PER DISPERSAL TANK 350 LB This electronic document is not linked to ...

Page 167: ...FX helicopters serial number 2132 and prior This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 168: ...X helicopters serial number 2132 and prior may also use the following placard This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 169: ... Tail Rotor Enter autorotation jettison load immediately and follow normal flight manual procedures 10 1 11 Abnormal Vibration In the event of sudden onset of a severe l rev vibration jettison load immediately and land helicopter Check and or repair M R dampers as appropriate before further flights 10 1 12 Spreader Malfunction If increasing cyclic displacement is required for hover or forward flig...

Page 170: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 171: ...t against springs 4 Check security of pump belts and mounting hardware 10 1 14 Pre Take Off 1 Before take off lift guard on emergency dump switch 10 1 15 Hover Check 1 Hover check system at G W for proper damper operation This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of t...

Page 172: ...ity Altitude VNE Demonstrated at 334 Rotor RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 173: ... Weight AG Tanks and Booms This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 174: ...t Skid Height 350 Rotor RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 175: ... ft Skid Height 350 Rotor RPM This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 176: ... ballast and without spray booms at SL and 7000 ft density altitude This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 177: ...ion Table 10 1 1 Weight and Balance Information ITEMS INSTALLED WEIGHT lb ARM in MOMENT in lb Wet system removable portion 113 65 107 77 12 247 59 Dry system removable portion 71 35 97 60 6 963 47 Items remaining on helicopter Normal category 13 25 89 94 1 191 12 Dispersal tank load 95 0 ITEMS REMOVED WEIGHT lb ARM in MOMENT in lb Land gear fairings 8 0 96 75 774 00 This electronic document is not...

Page 178: ...itudinal C G This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 179: ...Procedures Wet Dispersal System 1 Position tanks on rails and secure with 4 clevis pins upper and lower NOTE Check internal tank mounting Isolation mount spring should be in free state no preload with tank empty Check nut should be 1 0 inch in from end of threaded rod 2 Position wet center section on rails and secure with clevis pins 3 Attach cross feed assembly to spray tanks secure with over cen...

Page 180: ... 4 clevis pins NOTE Check internal tank mounting Isolation mount spring should be in free state no preload with tank empty Check nut should be 1 0 inch in from end of threaded rod 2 Install right side spreader under tank and secure with overcenter latch butterfly valve aft and safety wire Connect electrical plug to valve motor 3 Install left spreader under tank 4 Install and adjust linkage between...

Page 181: ...tube with tape or bundle ties 3 Fasten clutch cable to cross tube 4 Tape V belt to jackstrut 5 Inspect helicopter NOTE Possible deterioration of rubber parts and corrosion of helicopter structure may occur when certain dispersants are used Inspection intervals and cleaning procedures should be modified to prevent damage 6 Make log book entry Wet Dry dispersal system removed except for allowed prov...

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Page 183: ...ht Above 80 MPH 10 2 9 10 2 9 Engine Failure During Flight Below 80 MPH 10 2 9 Section IV Normal Procedures 10 2 11 Paragraph 10 2 10 Rotor Engagement On Water 10 2 11 10 2 11 Flight Information 10 2 11 10 2 12 Running Landing 10 2 11 10 2 13 Base Altitude Change 10 2 11 Section V Performance 10 2 13 Paragraph 10 2 14 General 10 2 13 10 2 15 Rate of Climb 10 2 13 Section VI Weight and Balance 10 2...

Page 184: ...n 10 2 15 10 2 3 Longitudinal C G 10 2 18 LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 10 2 1 Weight and Balance Information 10 2 16 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight M...

Page 185: ...upplement Other approved sections and supplemental data are recommended procedures 10 2 2 Description The 28 17326 4 Float Landing Gear Kit consists of two multi cell five compartment Air Cruisers No D 24780 inflatable floats attachment fittings relocated pitot tube and lengthened landing gear universal blocks This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distrib...

Page 186: ...lacard and Figure 10 2 1 for variations with altitude c Envelope D VNE 85 MPH IAS at SL DA Refer to placard and Figure 10 2 1 for variations with altitude NOTE For float operations envelopes C and D have been combined 10 2 5 Altitude Limitations 1 No change from Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual except as described in Paragraph 10 2 13 of this Supplement Base Altitude Change 10 2 6 Center of Gravity ...

Page 187: ...lacards are used on all 280FX helicopters serial number 2132 and prior This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 188: ...onic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 189: ...X helicopters serial number 2132 and prior may also use the following placards This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED...

Page 190: ...onic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 191: ...elicopter and apply collective pitch as necessary to cushion a level landing WARNING Touchdown speeds should be kept below 20 MPH for emergency autorotating water landings especially with forward c g 10 2 9 Engine Failure During Flight Below 80 MPH 1 Enter normal autorotation and stabilize at 58 MPH NOTE Night operation Turn on landing light 2 Use same procedure as steps 3 and 4 of above procedure...

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Page 193: ...n demonstrated in waves up to 18 inches trough to crest 10 2 12 Running Landing 1 Maximum recommended water contact speed is 30 MPH Reduce speed on rough water 2 After water contact avoid rapid lowering of collective pitch NOTE To avoid possible float damage on land use minimum ground contact speed 10 2 13 Base Altitude Change Before flight check float pressure Normal pressure is 1 5 psig 1 For fl...

Page 194: ... temperature at a given base altitude use the following procedure When an ambient air temperature or water temperature colder than the temperature at initial inflation is anticipated over inflate 0 5 psig above normal for each 15 F decrease in temperature anticipated This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Sta...

Page 195: ...2 Airspeed Calibration 10 2 15 Rate of Climb Reduce rate of climb by 150 feet per minute from that obtained from Figure 5 9 of the Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level...

Page 196: ...Altitude This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 197: ...e Installed in Nose Assumes Zero Instrument Error This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 198: ...ph 10 2 4 of this supplement Refer also Figure 10 2 1 2 Envelope A is the lightest weight envelope with limits as follows a Upper weight limit is 2350 lb b Forward limit at 92 0 inches c Aft limit varies linearly from 94 6 inches at 2350 lb to 98 5 inches at and below 2070 lb 3 Envelope B is the next heavier envelope with limits as follows a Upper weight limit is 2450 lb b Forward limit varies lin...

Page 199: ... varies linearly from 96 3 inches at 2600 lb to 93 8 inches at 2450 lb c Aft limit varies linearly from 98 0 inches at 2600 lb to 98 3 inches at 2280 lb d Lower limit corresponds to the upper and aft limits of Envelope B This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of th...

Page 200: ...G Limits This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 201: ...ency Procedures 10 3 7 Paragraph 10 3 10 Electrical Failure 10 3 7 Section IV Normal Procedures 10 3 9 Paragraph 10 3 11 Preflight Operation Check 10 3 9 10 3 12 Static Electricity Discharge 10 3 9 10 3 13 Cargo Hook Operation 10 3 10 Section V Performance 10 3 11 Section VI Weight and Balance 10 3 11 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 10 3 1 Longitudinal C G Limits 10 3 12 LIST OF TABLES ...

Page 202: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 203: ...nt Other approved sections and supplemental data are recommended procedures 10 3 2 Description This aircraft is certified for multiple certificate operation at gross weights up to 2600 lb for restricted category cargo hook operations A log book entry shall be made when changing category of operation This Cargo Hook Kit incorporates electro mechanical cargo release features This electronic document...

Page 204: ...ngth of sling location of suspension points and rate of climb or descent Caution should be exercised as the onset of unsatisfactory handling characteristics may be abrupt 10 3 5 Altitude Limitations Same as Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual 10 3 6 Weight Limitations 1 The total weight of the helicopter and load combination shall not exceed 2600 lb Reference Title 14 CFR Part 133 Subpart D 2 Maximum e...

Page 205: ... Normal operations under Title 14 CFR Part 91 can be conducted with the cargo hook installed providing external cargo is not being transported 10 3 9 Placards 1 Placards in view of pilot APPROVED FOR CLASS B ROTORCRAFT LOAD OPERATION OCCUPANCY LIMITED TO SOLO PILOT WHEN CARRYING EXTERNAL LOAD USE ENVELOPE D NEVER EXCEED SPEEDS 2 Installed on cargo hook EXTERNAL LOAD LIMIT 1 000 LB This electronic ...

Page 206: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 207: ... the pilot s cyclic stick just forward of the cyclic grip NOTE The cargo mechanical release will function regardless of position of cargo hook arming switch This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of t...

Page 208: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 209: ...ing the T handle mounted on the pilot s cyclic stick Approximately 1 5 inches of travel is required to release the cargo hook beam d After load releases push T handle in and check hook beam for automatic re latching 10 3 12 Static Electricity Discharge Provide ground crew with instructions as follows Discharge helicopter static electricity before attaching cargo by touching the airframe with a gro...

Page 210: ...ach for release 2 To release the cargo press the CAR SLING RLSE switch on the cyclic grip NOTE The cargo hook release button on the cyclic grip will not operate if the cargo hook arming switch is OFF This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter ...

Page 211: ...light Manual using the following information Table 10 3 1 Weight and Balance Information ITEM WEIGHT lb ARM in MOMENT in lb Cargo Hook Installation 15 95 50 1432 5 Hook Load 95 94 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the curr...

Page 212: ...G Limits This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 213: ...I Emergency Procedures 10 4 3 Section IV Normal Procedures 10 4 3 Section V Performance 10 4 3 Section VI Weight and Balance 10 4 4 LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE 10 4 1 Weight and Balance Information 10 4 4 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the E...

Page 214: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 215: ...snowshoe kit consists of four snowshoe pads two on each skid tube and will permit landings in various snow conditions SECTION II OPERATING LIMITATIONS Same as the Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual SECTION III EMERGENCY AND MALFUNCTION PROCEDURES Same as Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual SECTION IV NORMAL PROCEDURES Same as Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual SECTION V PERFORMANCE Same as Basic Rotorcraft Fli...

Page 216: ...e following information Table 10 4 1 Weight and Balance Information ITEM WEIGHT lb ARM in MOMENT in lb Snowshoe Kit 18 0 100 9 1816 2 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Fli...

Page 217: ...lectronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 218: ...ronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 219: ...lectronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 220: ...ronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 221: ...lectronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 222: ...ronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 223: ...lectronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 224: ...ronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 225: ...lectronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 226: ...ronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 227: ...electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 228: ...tronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 229: ...Engine Failure 10 11 7 10 11 9 Ditching With Power 10 11 7 10 11 10 Fire in Flight 10 11 7 Section IV Normal Procedures 10 11 9 Paragraph 10 11 11 Fueling 10 11 9 10 11 12 Preflight Inspection 10 11 9 10 11 13 Before Starting Engine 10 11 9 10 11 14 Fuel Transfer 10 11 9 10 11 15 Trim 10 11 10 10 11 16 Internal Ground Handling Wheel Stowage 10 11 10 Section V Performance 10 11 12 Section VI Weight...

Page 230: ...ht and Balance Information 10 11 12 10 11 2 Center of Gravity Limits 10 11 13 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 231: ... and removed Fuel transfer is controlled by a switch on the instrument panel Turning the switch on transfers the fuel from the auxiliary tank to the main tanks An indicator light near the fuel transfer switch will illuminate when all of the fuel in the auxiliary fuel tank has been transferred to the main tanks The fuel must be in the main tanks to supply the engine This system is not designed to r...

Page 232: ...dling wheels internally is optional however the pilot must ensure that operation within the approved gross weight c g envelope is maintained with other baggage or ballast as required This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the c...

Page 233: ...ards must be attached as described when the auxiliary fuel tank is installed in the aircraft 1 On the auxiliary fuel tank near the filler cap Placard P N s 28 12433 1 and 28 22565 11 FUEL 100 130 OCT And 13 GAL 2 On the instrument panel below the transfer switch Placard P N 28 22560 11 TRANSFER FUEL BELOW 180 LBS This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or dist...

Page 234: ...ight Placard P N 28 22559 13 AUX FUEL EMPTY This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 235: ...iliary Fuel Transfer Switch OFF 2 Follow the procedures in Section 3 of the Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual 10 11 10 Fire in Flight 1 Auxiliary Fuel Transfer Switch OFF 2 Follow the procedures in Section 3 of the Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Techni...

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Page 237: ...fuel tank cap security c Check fuel lines for leaks d Drain fuel sample into jar and check fuel grade and check for impurities 10 11 13 Before Starting Engine 1 Transfer pump OFF 2 Complete Prestart Check List as described in Section 4 of the Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual 10 11 14 Fuel Transfer 1 When the fuel quantity in the main tanks reaches approximately 180 lb turn Fuel Transfer Switch ON 2 ...

Page 238: ...of the axle by pulling upward 2 Remove the washer on the inboard end of the axle and remove the wheel from the skid by pulling outward 3 Replace the washer and latch pin on the axle 4 Remove a handle from the wheel bracket on the instrument console and slide this handle through the center of the wheel from the outside of the wheel inward 5 Slide the handle into the bracket and turn the handle unti...

Page 239: ...ounterclockwise until it stops approximately one quarter turn then pull straight out on the handle This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN D...

Page 240: ...28 01009 is installed a new weight and balance should be computed as described in Section 6 of the Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual incorporating the following information Table 10 11 1 Weight and Balance Information ITEM WEIGHT lb ARM in MOMENT in lb Fixed lines and provisions 2 3 79 1 182 0 Auxiliary fuel tank 20 3 135 0 2740 5 Unusable fuel in auxiliary tank 2 0 135 0 270 0 24 6 3192 4 This elect...

Page 241: ... MOMENT in lb Basic aircraft 1620 100 5 162 810 Auxiliary fuel tank with usable fuel 25 3 192 1645 100 91 166 022 Pilot and passenger 388 62 0 24 056 Full fuel 240 96 0 23 040 Auxiliary fuel 74 135 0 9 990 2347 95 05 223 088 Relocate ground handling wheels 12 104 7 1 256 12 16 6 199 1 057 Stow wheel bar 3 135 405 Wheels relocated 2350 94 65 222 436 This electronic document is not linked to a subsc...

Page 242: ...NK This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 243: ... Section II Operating Limitations 10 12 3 Section III Emergency Procedures 10 12 3 Section IV Normal Procedures 10 12 3 Section V Performance 10 12 3 Section VI Weight and Balance 10 12 3 This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for ...

Page 244: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

Page 245: ...lpipe which it replaces SECTION II OPERATING LIMITATIONS Same as Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual SECTION III EMERGENCY AND MALFUNCTION PROCEDURES Same as Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual SECTION IV NORMAL PROCEDURES Same as Basic Rotorcraft Flight Manual SECTION V PERFORMANCE The slight increase in exhaust back pressure at high power settings reduces the engine power output such that the maximum hove...

Page 246: ...K This electronic document is not linked to a subscription for revision control or distribution Refer to theTechnical Publications Status link under the Technical Support Page of the Enstrom Helicopter website for the current revision level of the 280FX Rotorcraft Flight Manual UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN DOWNLOADED OR PRINTED ...

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