Dell S4048T, Configuration Manual

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Autonomous System (AS) Areas
OSPF operates in a type of hierarchy.
The largest entity within the hierarchy is the autonomous system (AS), which is a collection of networks under
a common administration that share a common routing strategy. OSPF is an intra-AS (interior gateway)
routing protocol, although it is capable of receiving routes from and sending routes to other ASs.
You can divide an AS into a number of areas, which are groups of contiguous networks and attached hosts.
Routers with multiple interfaces can participate in multiple areas. These routers, called area border routers
(ABRs), maintain separate databases for each area. Areas are a logical grouping of OSPF routers identified by
an integer or dotted-decimal number.
Areas allow you to further organize your routers within in the AS. One or more areas are required within the
AS. Areas are valuable in that they allow sub-networks to "hide" within the AS, thus minimizing the size of the
routing tables on all routers. An area within the AS may not see the details of another area’s topology. AS
areas are known by their area number or the router’s IP address.
Figure 100. Autonomous System Areas
Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3) 709