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Campbell CR23X, Operator'S Manual

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SECTION 13.  CR23X MEASUREMENTS

13-2

FIGURE 13.1-1.  Fast 50 and 60 Hz Noise Rejection

450 uS

250 uS fast

260 uS

Reset Integrator

16.67 mS 60 Hz Reject
20.00 mS 50 Hz Reject

FIGURE 13.1-2.  Timing of Single-Ended Measurement

13.1.1  OFFSET VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT

A single-ended measurement on the 

±

10 mV and

±

50 mV ranges takes longer than on other input

ranges because an offset measurement prior to
every scan is performed.  Offset measurements
are performed in background on all other input
ranges.  Measurement time can be reduced on
the 

±

10 and 

±

50 mV ranges by using the "--"

option (e.g., 11--, 12--, 21--, 22--, 31--, 32--).  The
"--" option causes offset measurements for the

±

10 mV and 

±

50 mV ranges to be performed in

the background.  The "--" option, however, is
used at the expense of compensation for rapid
changes in offset voltage.  The "--" option is
selected by pressing the 

C

 key after entering the

numeric value on the CR23X key pad.

13.2  SINGLE-ENDED AND

DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE
MEASUREMENTS

The timing and sequence of a single-ended
measurement is shown in Figure 13.2-1.  A
single-ended measurement is made on a single
input which is referenced to ground.  A single
integration is performed for each measurement.

A differential measurement measures the
difference in voltage between two inputs.  The
measurement sequence on a differential
measurement involves two integrations.  First
with the high input referenced to the low, then
with the inputs reversed (Figure 13.2-2).

The CR23X computes the differential voltage by
averaging the magnitude of the results from the
two integrations and using the polarity from the
first.  An exception to this is the differential
measurement in Instruction 8 which makes only
one integration.

Because a single-ended measurement is
referenced to CR23X ground, any difference in
ground potential between the sensor and the
CR23X will result in an error in the
measurement.  For example, if the measuring
junction of a copper-constantan thermocouple,
used to measure soil temperature, is not
insulated and the potential of earth ground is 1
mV greater at the sensor than at the point
where the CR23X is grounded, the measured
voltage would be 1 mV greater than the
thermocouple output or approximately 25

°

C

high.

Summary of Contents for CR23X

Page 1: ...CR23X Micrologger Revision 11 06 C o p y r i g h t 1 9 8 6 2 0 0 6 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c I n c ...

Page 2: ...her warranties expressed or implied including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC is not liable for special indirect incidental or consequential damages Products may not be returned without prior authorization The following contact information is for US and International customers residing in countries served by Campbell Scientific Inc directly...

Page 3: ...atalogger Support Software OV 12 OV3 3 ASCII Terminal or Computer with Terminal Emulator OV 12 OV4 PROGRAMMING THE CR23X OV4 1 Programming Sequence OV 13 OV4 2 Instruction Format OV 13 OV4 3 Entering a Program OV 14 OV5 PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES OV5 1 Sample Program 1 OV 15 OV5 2 Sample Program 2 OV 17 OV5 3 Editing an Existing Program OV 18 OV6 DATA RETRIEVAL OPTIONS OV 21 OV7 SPECIFICATIONS OV 23 PRO...

Page 4: ...Output 8 Mode 4 3 4 3 Printer Output Formats 4 3 4 4 Storage Module 4 4 4 5 9 Mode SM192 716 Storage Module Commands 4 6 5 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5 1 Telecommunications Commands 5 1 5 2 Remote Programming of the CR23X 5 6 6 9 PIN SERIAL INPUT OUTPUT 6 1 Computer RS 232 9 Pin Description 6 1 6 2 CS I O 9 Pin Description 6 1 6 3 Use of Instruction 96 6 9 PROGRAM EXAMPLES 7 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPL...

Page 5: ...trip Chart 8 6 8 7 Converting 0 360 Wind Direction Output to 0 540 for Strip Chart 8 7 8 8 Use of 2 Final Storage Areas Saving Data Prior to Event 8 8 8 9 Logarithmic Sampling Using Loops 8 9 8 10 Covariance Correlation Programming Example 8 11 8 11 Fast Fourier Transform Examples 8 15 8 12 Using the Switched 12 V to Power Sensors 8 22 INSTRUCTIONS 9 INPUT OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9 1 10 PROCESSING INS...

Page 6: ...1 B 2 Selected Operating Details B 1 B 3 Instruction 15 and Parameter Descriptions B 2 B 4 Control Port Configurations and Sensor Wiring B 5 B 5 RS232 Serial Data Configuration and Data Buffering B 7 B 6 Input Data Filters B 8 B 7 Program Examples B 10 B 8 Summary of Barometer Jumper Configurations B 23 C ADDITIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFORMATION C 1 Telecommunications Command with Binary Response...

Page 7: ...ANOTHER DATALOGGER VIA PHONE OR RF H 1 Introduction H 1 H 2 Programming H 1 H 3 Programming for the Calling CR23X H 1 H 4 Remote Datalogger Programming H 3 I TD OPERATING SYSTEM ADDENDUM FOR CR510 CR10X AND CR23X MANUALS INDEX INDEX 1 ...

Page 8: ...CR23X TABLE OF CONTENTS vi This is a blank page ...

Page 9: ...t resolution for data stored in Final Storage is low resolution maximum value of 6999 Results exceeding 6999 are stored as 6999 unless Instruction 78 is used to store the values in Final Storage as high resolution values Sections 2 2 1 and 11 5 Floating Point Format The computations performed in the CR23X use floating point arithmetic CSI s 4 byte floating point numbers contain a 23 bit binary man...

Page 10: ...7 Ahr capacity but experience a slow discharge even in storage It is advisable to maintain a continuous charge on the battery whether in operation or storage Section 14 4 When connecting external power to the CR23X first remove the green power connector from the CR23X panel Then insert the positive 12 V lead into the right most terminal of the green connector Next insert the ground lead to the lef...

Page 11: ...4 which covers installation and maintenance Section 6 covers details of serial communications Sections 7 and 8 contain programming examples Sections 9 12 have detailed descriptions of the programming instructions and Section 13 goes into detail on the CR23X measurement procedures The Prompt Sheet is an abbreviated description of the programming instructions Once familiar with the CR23X it is possi...

Page 12: ...CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW OV 2 1 2 3 A 4 5 6 B 7 8 9 C 0 D FIGURE OV1 1 CR23X Micrologger ...

Page 13: ...ructions 4 Ex Del Se 5 AC Half Br 6 Full Br 7 3W Half Br 8 Ex Del Diff 9 Full Br Mex 11 Temp 107 12 RH 207 22 Del w Opt Ext 28 Wire Meas 29 INW Press Continuous Analog Outputs 133 Analog O PULSE INPUTS Input Output Instructions 3 Pulse DIGITAL I O PORTS Input Output Instructions 3 Pulse 15 Serial I O 20 Set Ports 21 Pulse Port 25 Read Ports 100 110 118 SDM and SDI12 Instructions 134 AM25T Program ...

Page 14: ...TS The terminals labeled EX1 EX2 EX3 and EX4 are precision switched excitation outputs used to supply programmable excitation voltages for resistive bridge measurements DC or AC excitation at voltages between 5000 mV and 5000 mV are user programmable Section 9 OV1 1 3 CONTINUOUS ANALOG OUTPUTS CAO Two CAO channels supply continuous output voltages under program control for use with strip charts x ...

Page 15: ... devices requiring an unregulated 12 volts The output is limited to 600 mA at 50 C 360 mA at 80 C current The switched 12 volt port is addressed as Port 9 in a datalogger program When the port is set high the 12 volts is turned on when the port is low the switched 12 volts is off Section 8 12 OV1 2 CONNECTING POWER TO THE CR23X The CR23X should be powered by any clean battery backed 12 VDC source ...

Page 16: ... default allocation is 64 locations The number of locations can be changed using the A Mode 5 Final Storage Final processed values are stored here for transfer to printer solid state Storage Module or for retrieval via telecommunication links Values are stored in Final Storage only by the Output Processing Instructions and only when the Output Flag is set in the user s program Approximately 570 00...

Page 17: ...e available the number of programs stored is limited by the available memory Stored programs can be retrieved to become the active program While programs are stored one at a time all stored programs are erased simultaneously That is because the flash memory can only be written to once before it must be erased and can only be erased in 16 Kbytes blocks Memory Areas separated by dashed lines can be ...

Page 18: ...ble 2 have independent execution intervals entered in units of seconds with an allowable range of 1 100 to 6553 5 seconds Subroutine Table 3 has no execution interval since it is called from Table 1 Table 2 or an interrupt subroutine OV2 2 1 THE EXECUTION INTERVAL The execution interval specifies how often the program in the table is executed which is usually determined by how often the sensors ar...

Page 19: ...estination Multiplier and offset parameters allow conversion of linear signals into engineering units The Digital I O Ports and CAO analog output ports are also addressed with I O Instructions 2 PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 30 68 Section 10 perform numerical operations on values located in Input Storage and store the results back in Input Storage These instructions can be used to develop high level alg...

Page 20: ...es updated in Input Storage Summaries for Final Storage are generated when a Program Control Instruction sets the Output Flag in response to time or events Results may be redirected to Input Storage for further processing Examples include sums averages max min standard deviation histograms etc Output Flag set high FINAL STORAGE Final results from OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS are stored here for ...

Page 21: ... the HELLO message is displayed while the CR23X checks memory The total size of memory is then displayed 1664 K bytes of memory Using the keypad work through the direct programming examples in this overview in addition to using EDLOG and you will have the basics of CR23X operation as well as an appreciation for the help provided by the software and the CR23X on line help The display will turn off ...

Page 22: ...same as C CR Enter advance same as A S or S Stops transmission of data 10 second time out any character restarts C or C Aborts transmission of Data OV3 2 USING COMPUTER WITH DATALOGGER SUPPORT SOFTWARE Direct datalogger communication programs in the datalogger support software PC208W provide menu selection of tools to perform the datalogger functions e g set clock send program monitor measurements...

Page 23: ...output every execution interval Instruction 88 or 89 to output based on a comparison of values in input locations This instruction must precede the Output Processing Instructions which store data in Final Storage Instructions are described in Sections 9 through 12 5 Enter the Output Processing Instructions to store processed data in Final Storage The order in which data are stored is determined by...

Page 24: ...tware Using the D Mode to save or load a program from a Storage Module is described in Section 1 8 Once a program is loaded in the CR23X the program will be stored in flash memory and will automatically be loaded and run when the datalogger is powered up The program on power up function can also be achieved by using a Storage Module Up to 8 programs can be stored in the Storage Module the programs...

Page 25: ...am 0 00 00 empty program A Execute program load after a short wait the display will show Prog operation Indicating that the complete command is complete OV5 1 SAMPLE PROGRAM 1 EDLOG Listing Program 1 Table 1 Program 01 5 0 Execution Interval seconds 1 Panel Temperature P17 1 1 Loc CR23XTemp 2 Do P86 1 10 Set Output Flag High 3 Sample P70 1 1 Reps 2 1 Loc CR23XTemp In this example the CR23X is prog...

Page 26: ...ed The next step is to have the CR23X send each reading to Final Storage Remember the Output Flag must be set first 1 Mode 01 Go To Exit 6 Mode Enter 0000 program table 1 2 A 02 P00 Advance to 2nd instruction location this is where we left off 8 6 02 P00 This is the DO 86 instruction a Program Control Instruction A Do Enter 86 and 01 CMD advance to the first 00 parameter which will specify the com...

Page 27: ...2 Thermocouple Temp DIFF P14 1 1 Reps 2 21 10 mV 60 Hz Rejection 3 5 DIFF Channel 4 1 Type T Copper Constantan 5 1 Ref Temp Loc CR23XTemp 6 2 Loc TCTemp 7 1 0 Mult 8 0 0 Offset 3 If time is P92 1 0 Minutes Seconds into a 2 60 Interval same units as above 3 10 Set Output Flag High 4 Real Time P77 1 110 Day Hour Minute 5 Average P71 1 2 Reps 2 1 Loc CR23XTemp 6 If time is P92 1 0 Minutes Seconds int...

Page 28: ...grees C A multiplier of 1 8 and an offset of 32 converts the reading to degrees F In this example the sensor is measured once a minute and the day time and average temperature are output every hour Once a day the day time maximum and minimum temperatures and the times they occur will be output Final Storage data will be sent to Storage Module Remember all on line data output to a peripheral device...

Page 29: ...s stored in Location 1 06 2 Store TC temp in Location 2 07 1 Multiplier of 1 08 0 No offset 03 P92 If Time instruction 01 0 0 minutes into the interval 02 60 60 minute interval 03 10 Set Output Flag 0 The CR23X is programmed to measure the thermocouple temperature every sixty seconds The If Time instruction sets the Output Flag at the beginning of every hour Next the Output Instructions for time a...

Page 30: ... Data Output 1 71 Output Final Storage data to Storage Module The program is complete Here the example reverts back to the key by key format Key Display Explanation 5 00 21 32 Enter 5 Mode Clock running but perhaps not set correctly A 05 0000 Advance to location for year 1 9 9 6 05 1996 Key in year 1996 A 05 0000 Enter and advance to location for Julian day 1 9 7 05 197 Key in Julian day A 05 0021...

Page 31: ...l Storage since the last visit 3 Retrieve the data over some form of telecommunications link whether it be RF telephone cellular phone short haul modem or satellite This can be performed under program control or by regularly scheduled polling of the dataloggers Campbell Scientific s Datalogger Support Software automates this process Regardless of which method is used the retrieval of data from the...

Page 32: ...M 6A RAD SHORTHAUL MODEM GROUND STATION SATELLITE COM100 CELLULAR PHONE SC12 CABLES SC12 CABLE SC12 CABLE RS 232 CABLE PHONE LINE COAXIAL CABLE STORAGE MODULE OR CARD BROUGHT FROM THE FIELD TO THE COMPUTER NOTES 1 ADDITIONAL METHODS OF DATA RETRIEVAL ARE A SATELLITE TRANSMISSION B DIRECT DUMP TO PRINTER C VOICE PHONE MODEM TO VOICE PHONE OR PC WITH HAYES COMPATIBLE PHONE MODEM 2 THE DSP4 HEADS UP ...

Page 33: ...he number of cycles measured ACCURACY 0 03 of reading PULSE COUNTERS DESCRIPTION Four 8 bit or two 16 bit inputs selectable for switch closure high frequency pulse or low level AC Counters read at 10 or 100 Hz MAXIMUM COUNT RATE 2 5 kHz and 25 kHz 8 bit counter read at 10 Hz and 100 Hz respec tively 500 kHz 16 bit counter SWITCH CLOSURE MODE Minimum Switch Closed Time 5 ms Minimum Switch Open Time...

Page 34: ...CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW OV 24 This is a blank page ...

Page 35: ...rate at which a measurement can be made and the resulting value stored in Final Storage The maximum throughput rate for fast single ended measurements other than burst measurements is 600 measurements per second 24 measurements repeated 25 times per second with the settling time set at 100 µs with Instruction P132 If the specified execution interval for a table is less than the time required to pr...

Page 36: ...ormation refer to Section 12 P85 Label Subroutine 1 1 4 4 PARAMETER ENTRY TABLE The CR23X 4 mode is a table with up to one hundred values Each value corresponds to an instruction parameter in the datalogger program When the datalogger compiles the program values in the 4 table are transferred to the corresponding instruction parameter The datalogger program must be created using EDLOG which allows...

Page 37: ...les the 4 mode An instruction parameter may be edited without any adverse affect If the 4 mode is disabled it may be reactivated by downloading the program to the datalogger or if the program was saved to Flash storage retrieving the program from the stored program area The C mode Section 1 7 may be used to secure the datalogger program and the 4 mode entries The lowest level of security prevents ...

Page 38: ... day XXXX such as 1012 for October 12 D toggles back to Day of Year A Time Display enter HHMM hours minutes A Seconds Display enter SS seconds 1 3 DISPLAYING ALTERING INPUT MEMORY FLAGS AND PORTS 6 MODE The 6 Mode is used to display and or change Input Storage values and to toggle and display user flags and ports If the 6 Mode is entered immediately following any changes in program tables the prog...

Page 39: ...riate flag tests into the program allows manual control of program execution For example to manually start the execution of Table 2 enter Instruction 91 as the first instruction in Table 2 The first parameter is 25 do if Flag 5 is low the second parameter is 0 go to end of program table If Flag 5 is low all subsequent instructions in Table 2 will be skipped Flag 5 can be toggled from the 6 Mode ef...

Page 40: ...ations necessary for averages standard deviations histograms etc Intermediate Storage is not accessible by the user Final Storage holds stored data for a permanent record Output Instructions store data in Final Storage when the Output Flag is set Section 3 7 The data in Final Storage can be monitored using the 7 Mode Section 2 3 Each Input or Intermediate Storage location requires 4 bytes of memor...

Page 41: ...e available the number of programs stored is limited by the available memory Stored programs can be retrieved to become the active program While programs are stored one at a time all stored programs are erased simultaneously That is because the flash memory can only be written to once before it must be erased and can only be erased in 16 Kbytes blocks Memory Areas separated by dashed lines can be ...

Page 42: ...ained The size of Intermediate Storage may be reduced to 0 TABLE 1 5 2 Description of A Mode Data Keyboard Display ID Entry Data Description of Data A 01 Input Locations Input Storage Locations Default 28 minimum of 1 maximum XXXX of 7138 This value can be changed by keying in the desired number A 02 Intermediate Locs Intermediate Storage Locations Default 64 maximum of XXXX 7137 This value can be...

Page 43: ... including any stored programs and memory is checked Memory allocation returns to the default The reset operation requires approximately 5 minutes for a CR23X Memory reset can be aborted by pressing any key on the keypad or raising the ring line high 1 6 MEMORY TESTING AND SYSTEM STATUS B The B Mode is used to check the status of the program s operating system memory and lithium battery Table 1 6 ...

Page 44: ...ccurrences Key in 88 to reset XX A 06 Operating System version number X XXXX A 07 Version revision number XXXX A 08 Lithium battery voltage measured daily X XXXX A 09 Low 12 V battery detect counter Key in 88 to reset XX A 10 Extended memory error counter Key in 88 to reset XX A 11 Extended Memory time of erase seconds If 5 at room X XXXX temperature flash memory may be wearing out Contact CSI for...

Page 45: ...red up When security is disabled C will advance directly to the window containing the first password A non zero password must be entered in order to advance to the next window Leaving a password 0 or entering 0 for the password disables that and subsequent levels of security Security may be temporarily disabled by entering a password in the C Mode or using the telecommunications L command Section ...

Page 46: ...or wrong address E 97 Data not encountered within 30 sec E 98 Uncorrectable errors detected E 99 Wrong type of file or Editor Error 1 8 1 INTERNAL FLASH PROGRAM STORAGE Several programs can be stored in the CR23X Flash Memory and later recalled and run using the D Mode The Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory is non volatile memory that can only be erased in 16K blocks The CR2...

Page 47: ...r 94 will be displayed 1 8 2 PROGRAM TRANSFER WITH STORAGE MODULE Storage Modules can store up to eight separate programs The Storage Module and Keyboard Display or Modem Terminal must both be connected to the CR23X After keying D the command 7N is entered N is the Storage Module address 1 8 Section 4 4 1 Address 1 will work with any Storage Module address the CR23X will search for the lowest addr...

Page 48: ... Ports and User Timer as is 2 A Doesn t clear anything 1 8 6 SETTING DISPLAY CONTRAST The CR23X automatically adjusts the LCD display contrast for temperature within two seconds after power up If necessary the user can fine tune the default contrast in the D mode The user entered adjustment is valid only for the specific temperature range wherein the adjustment was made If the CR23X temperature mo...

Page 49: ...setting the program compile option This setting will affect the program compile when the program is downloaded from the PC or a SM192 716 Storage Module It also affects compiling with B and the arcane D 7 command Keyboard or Remote Keyboard compiling with 6 and 0 is not affected by this setting If a DLD file has this setting it will affect the compile operation AFTER the DLD file is downloaded TAB...

Page 50: ...SECTION 1 FUNCTIONAL MODES 1 16 This is a blank page ...

Page 51: ...s Final Storage can be divided into two parts Final Storage Area 1 and Final Storage Area 2 Final Storage Area 1 is the default storage area and the only one used if the operator does not specifically allocate memory to Area 2 Two Final Storage Areas may be used to 1 Output different data to different devices 2 Separate archive data from real time display data In other words you can record a short...

Page 52: ... are stored in Final Storage before being transmitted to an external device There are 4 pointers for each Final Storage Area which are used to keep track of data transmission These pointers are 1 Display Pointer DPTR 2 Printer Pointer PPTR 3 Telecommunications Modem Pointer MPTR 4 Storage Module Pointer SPTR The DPTR is used to recall data to the keyboard display The positioning of this pointer an...

Page 53: ...olution of the arithmetic A rough approximation of the resolution is that it is better than 1 in the seventh digit For example the resolution of 97 386 924 is better than 10 The resolution of 0 0086731924 is better than 0 000000001 A precise calculation of the resolution of a number may be determined by representing the number as a mantissa between 5 and 1 multiplied by 2 raised to some integer po...

Page 54: ...cks up to the start of the current array The keyboard commands used in the 7 Mode are summarized in Table 2 3 1 Advancing the DPTR past the Data Storage Pointer DSP displays the oldest data point Upon entering the 7 Mode the oldest Output Array can be accessed by pressing the A key TABLE 2 3 1 7 Mode Command Summary Key Action A Advance to next data point B Back up to previous data point Display l...

Page 55: ...ntial Input Channels or Input Storage locations For example if you are making 4 differential voltage measurements on the same voltage range wire the inputs to sequential channels and enter the Differential Voltage Measurement Instruction once with 4 repetitions rather than entering 4 separate measurement instructions The instruction will make 4 measurements starting on the specified channel number...

Page 56: ... 3 6 OUTPUT PROCESSING Most Output Processing Instructions have both an Intermediate Data Processing operation and a Final Data Processing operation For example when the Average Instruction 71 is initiated the intermediate processing operation increments a sample count and adds each new Input Storage value to a cumulative total residing in Intermediate Storage When the Output Flag is set the final...

Page 57: ...up of processed data values is placed in Final Data Storage by Output Processing Instructions when the Output Flag Flag 0 is set high This group of data is called an Output Array The Output Flag is set using Program Control Instructions according to time or event dependent intervals specified by the user The Output Flag is set low at the beginning of each execution of the program table Output is m...

Page 58: ...he user can use the 6 Mode to manually direct program execution 3 8 PROGRAM CONTROL LOGICAL CONSTRUCTIONS Most of the Program Control Instructions have a command code parameter which is used to specify the action to be taken if the condition tested in the instruction is true Table 3 8 1 lists these codes TABLE 3 8 1 Command Codes 0 Go to end of program table3 1 9 79 99 Call Subroutine 1 9 79 991 1...

Page 59: ...mand in that Instruction 83 is executed and execution branches to the END Instruction 95 which closes the case test see Instruction 93 Section 12 3 8 2 NESTING A branching or loop instruction which occurs before a previous branch or loop has been closed is nested The maximum nesting level is 11 deep Loop Instruction 87 and Begin Case Instruction 93 both count as 1 level Instructions 83 86 88 89 91...

Page 60: ... 9 53 9 R 1 6 10 0R 0 5 10 0R 5 4 62 0 R 1 6 11 7R 0 5 11 6R with delay 0 4 2 R 12 2 5 Delay 3 6 2 R 118 7 5 Delay 3 6 2 R 140 5 5 Delay 2 9 2 R 53 9 5 Delay 5 4 2 R 62 0 5 Delay 9 FULL BR MEX R 19 15 1 45 8 R 2 0 10 7R 1 3 11 1R 2 5 11 2R 3 9 679 3 R 0 0 144 0R 0 0 144 0R 0 0 79 2R 4 4 805 8 R 0 0 170 5R 0 0 171 4R 0 0 93 1R 78 5 332 5 R 0 4 78 9R 0 0 79 2R 57 5 411 5 R 0 0 92 3R 0 0 93 1R V1 15 ...

Page 61: ... INT X 1 0 6 0 7 46 Z X MOD F 1 0 10 1 8 47 Z X Y 1 0 8 7 7 48 Z SIN X 1 0 6 4 1 49 SPA MAX 1 or 2 0 8 0 6 0 5 swath 50 SPA MIN 1 or 2 0 8 0 8 0 5 swath 51 SPA AVG 1 0 8 1 2 0 5 swath 52 RUNNING AVG 1 R par 4 R 1 11 0 3 2 7R 53 A X B 4 0 36 2 3 54 BLOCK MOVE R 0 10 0 2 0 1R 55 POLYNOMIAL R 0 31 0 3 0 2 order 0 7 R 56 SAT VP 1 0 6 2 2 57 WDT VP 1 0 10 3 9 58 LP FILTER R R 1 13 0 5 1 5R 59 X 1 X 1 0...

Page 62: ... 2R 2R 3R 01 10 11 0 6 0 5R 1 6 2 8R 75 HISTOGRAM 1 bins R BINS R 24 0 7 1 7R 0 8 2 8 0 7 BIN R 77 REAL TIME 0 1 TO 4 4 0 1 2 2 78 RESOLUTION 0 0 3 0 4 0 4 79 SMPL ON MM R R 7 0 2 0 7 0 3R 80 STORE AREA1 0 0 7 0 2 0 2 81 RAINFLOW HIST see instruction 42 82 STD DEV 1 3R R 7 0 8 1 0R 3 3 7 0R TABLE 3 9 4 Program Control Instruction Memory and Execution Times MEMORY INTER PROG INSTRUCTION LOC BYTES E...

Page 63: ... changed Error 8 is the result of a hardware and software watchdog that checks the processor state software timers and program related counters The watchdog will attempt to reset the processor and program execution if it finds that the processor has bombed or is neglecting standard system updates or if the counters are out of allowable limits Error code 08 is flagged when the watchdog performs thi...

Page 64: ...mpile Instruction 118 without enough Instructions 68 or 63 80 Compile Valid entries for parameter 1 of P80 are 1 2 3 is illegal 92 Compile Instruction 92 intervals in seconds Time into Interval 59 or Interval 60 93 Compile Save labels full 94 D Mode Program Storage Area full 95 D Mode Program does not exist in Flash memory 96 D Mode Addressed device not connected or wrong address see Table 1 8 2 9...

Page 65: ...ssed The CR23X can tell when the addressed device is present The CR23X will not send data meant for the Storage module if the Storage Module is not present Section 4 4 2 The 9 Mode Section 4 5 allows the user to communicate directly with the Storage Module and to perform several functions including review of data battery test review of Storage Module status etc Cassette tape data storage is not su...

Page 66: ... available each device in the queue gets its turn An output request is not put in the queue if the same device is already in the queue The data contained in the queue and which determine a unique entry are the device baud rate if applicable and the Final Storage Area When an entry reaches the top of the queue the CR23X sends all data accumulated since the last transfer to the device up to the loca...

Page 67: ...Output Array ID For example assume that 586 568 locations are assigned to Final Storage A Mode and that 1 Output Array containing the Array ID 1 memory location 9 low resolution data points 9 memory locations and 5 high resolution data points 10 memory locations is stored each hour In addition an Output Array with the Array ID and 5 high resolution data points 11 memory locations is stored daily T...

Page 68: ...ximately 6 bytes per data point Example 1 234 1145 23 65 12 26 625 9 1 234 1200 24 1 10 98 650 3 4 4 STORAGE MODULE The Storage Module stores data in battery backed RAM Backup is provided by an internal lithium battery The RAM is internal on the SM192 716 and on a PCMCIA card in the CSM1 Operating power is supplied by the CR23X over pin 1 of the CS I O port Whenever power is applied to the CS I O ...

Page 69: ... Instruction 96 the Storage Module s may be either left with the CR23X for on line data transfer and periodically exchanged or brought to the site for data transfer USE OF STORAGE MODULE TO PICK UP DATA The CR23X is capable of recognizing whether or not the Storage Module is connected Each time Instruction 96 is executed and there is data to output the CR23X checks for the presence of a Storage Mo...

Page 70: ...ey in the command number and enter with A Most commands have at least one response Advance through the responses and return to the 9 command state by keying A TABLE 4 5 1 9 Commands for Storage Module COMMAND DISPLAY DESCRIPTION 1 01 0000 RESET enter 248 to erase all data and programs While erasing the SM checks memory The number of good chips is then 01 XX displayed 6 for SM192 22 SM716 3 03 01 I...

Page 71: ...to return to data A Advance to next start of Array B Back up to start of Array D Return to 9 command mode 8 DUMP TO ANOTHER STORAGE MODULE 08 00 Select Area as in 7 above 01 XXXXXX First Loc in area selected Enter Loc to start dump 02 XXXXXX Final Loc in area selected Enter Loc to end dump 03 XX Enter destination SM address 9 DISPLAY ADDRESSES OF CONNECTED SM XXXXXXXX 1 occupied 0 unoccupied 87654...

Page 72: ...SECTION 4 EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4 8 This is a blank page ...

Page 73: ...ta retrieval makes use of a signature for error detection The signature algorithm assures a 99 998 probability that if either the data or its sequence changes the signature changes Campbell Scientific s PC208W Datalogger Support Software uses the binary format for data transfer This section does not furnish sufficient detail to write telecommunications software Appendix C contains some details of ...

Page 74: ...cksum is 0 10 Commands that return Campbell Scientific binary format data i e F and K commands return a signature see Appendix C 3 The CR23X sends ASCII data with 8 bits no parity one start bit and one stop bit After the CR23X answers a ring or completes a command it waits about 40 seconds 127 seconds in the Remote Keyboard State for a valid character to arrive It hangs up if it does not receive a...

Page 75: ...st be issued to update the Reference to the new DSP no of arrays B BACK UP MPTR is backed up the specified number of Output Arrays no number defaults to 1 and advanced to the nearest start of array CR23X sends the Area MPTR Location and Checksum Ax L xxxxxxx Cxxxx YR DAY HR MM SS C RESET SEND TIME If time is entered the time is reset If only 2 colons are in the time string HR MM SS is assumed 3 co...

Page 76: ...the level determined by the password entered See C Mode Section 1 7 CR23X sends security level 0 3 and checksum Sxx Cxxxx X M Connect to Storage Module with address X and enter the Storage Module s Telecommunications Mode see Storage Module manual The Storage Module can also be accessed through the 9 Commands while in the Remote Keyboard Mode Section 4 5 and the Storage Module manual 1N Connect ph...

Page 77: ...and Mode B Status On board Firmware registers second group of 01 to 17 T SDM SIO4 talk through command Address Port T Address 0 15 Port 0 4 nnnnU Returns V value C checksum where nnnn refers to an input location port or flag V is the value at the input location port or flag and C is the checksum For nnnn 90ff then nnnn refers to flag ff For nnnn 91pp then nnnn refers to port pp For nnnn 9000 then ...

Page 78: ...R The CR23X responds by sending a CR line feed LF and the prompt The CR23X is then ready to receive the standard keyboard commands it recognizes all the standard CR23X keyboard characters plus several additional characters including the decimal point the minus sign and Enter CR Section OV3 2 NOTE Entering 0 returns the CR23X to the telecommunications command state Remember that entering 0 will com...

Page 79: ...UTER RS 232 9 PIN DESCRIPTION Direct connection of the CR23X to a PC is most conveniently done through the Computer RS232 port Figure 6 2 1 Table 6 1 1 gives a brief description of each Computer RS232 pin The Computer RS 232 port is a DCE device when connected to a PC with a serial cable It also doubles as a DTE device when connected to a modem device through a null modem cable Maximum input 25V M...

Page 80: ...odem Enable Raised when the CR10X determines that a modem raised the ring line 6 SDE O Synchronous Device Enable Used to address Synchronous Devices SDs and can be used as an enable line for printers 7 CLK HS I O Clock Handshake Used with the SDE and TXD lines to address and transfer data to SDs When not used as a clock pin 7 can be used as a handshake line during printer output high enables low d...

Page 81: ...pheral is necessary the SDC99 Synchronous Device Interface is required With the SDC99 the print peripheral functions as an addressable peripheral If the SDC99 is not used the print peripheral receives the address and data sent to the addressed peripheral Synchronous addressing appears as garbage characters on a print peripheral 6 2 1 2 ADDRESSED PERIPHERALS The CR23X has the ability to address Syn...

Page 82: ...hronously clocked from the CR23X Up to 16 SDs may be addressed by the CR23X requiring only three pins of the 9 pin connector Synchronous Device Communication SDC discussed here is for those peripherals which connect to the 9 pin serial port This should not be confused with Synchronous Device for Measurement SDM peripherals connected to control ports 1 2 and 3 Although the communication protocol fo...

Page 83: ...essing as long as the CLK HS and SDE are not low at the same time STATE 4 the SD Inactive State The SDs not addressed by State 2 enter State 4 if not able to reset themselves e g SM192 Storage Module Inactive SDs ignore data on the TXD line and are not allowed to use the CLK HS or RXD lines Inactive SDs may raise the Ring line to request service STATE 5 State 5 is a branch from State 1 when the SD...

Page 84: ...ON 1 GROUND 2 I TX 3 O RX 4 I RTS POWER 5 O CTS 6 O DSR 7 GROUND 8 O DCD 20 I DTR POWER 9 PIN MALE PORT PIN ABBREVIATION 1 5V INPUT 2 GROUND 3 RING 4 RX 5 ME 6 SDE 9 TX NOTE The SC32A has a jumper which when used passes data only when the ME line is high and the SDE line is low The function of the jumper is to block data sent to SDs from being received by a computer terminal used to initiate data ...

Page 85: ...gital code composed of a combination of seven bits each bit having a binary state of 1 one or 0 zero For example the binary equivalent for the ASCII character 1 is 0110001 decimal 49 ASCII characters are transmitted one bit at a time starting with the 1st least significant bit During data transmission the marking condition is used to denote the binary state 1 and the spacing condition for the bina...

Page 86: ...C32A RS 232 interface and a modem terminal and an is not received after sending carriage returns 1 Verify that the CR23X has power AT THE 12V AND GROUND INPUTS and that the cables connecting the devices are securely connected 2 Verify that the port of the modem terminal is an asynchronous serial communications port configured as DTE see Table 6 2 4 The most common problems occur when the user trie...

Page 87: ...ressed during the transfer Data transfer is stopped and the memory location displayed when the flag is set During 8 data transfer the abort flag is checked as follows 1 Comma separated ASCII after every 32 characters 2 Printable ASCII after every line 3 Binary after every 256 Final Storage locations TABLE 6 3 1 CS I O Pin Description ABR Abbreviation for the function name PIN Pin number O Signal O...

Page 88: ...SECTION 6 9 PIN SERIAL INPUT OUTPUT 6 10 This is a blank page ...

Page 89: ...ensor It has high level linear output of 0 to 1 V for the temperature range of 40 to 60 C and relative humidity of 0 to 100 It is measured with Instruction 1 Volts SE The multiplier for temperature is found with the following relationship 60 C 40 C 1000 mV 0 mV 0 1 C mV The offset is 40 C The multiplier for relative humidity is 100 0 1000 mV 0 mV 0 1 mV and the offset is 0 The CS500 is powered by ...

Page 90: ... 2 Loc RH_pct 5 1 Mult 6 0 Offset Turn CS500 off 05 Do P86 1 59 Set Switched 12 V Low INPUT LOCATIONS 1 Temp_C 2 RH_pct Temperature Black Relative Humidity Brown 12 V Red Power Ground Green Shield Clear CS500 SE 5 SE 6 SWITCHED 12V G CR23X FIGURE 7 1 1 Wiring Diagram for CS500 CR23X FIGURE 7 1 2 Typical Connection for Active Sensor with External Battery ...

Page 91: ...that is proportional to differential CO2 100 µmol mol full scale or 1 µmol mol mV If the output is measured with a single ended voltage measurement it is 0 065 V or 65 µmol mol high If this offset remained constant it could be corrected in programming However it is better to use a differential voltage measurement which does not rely on the current drain remaining constant The program that follows ...

Page 92: ...te all reps w E1 4 1 Loc TEMP_1 5 1 0 Mult 6 0 0 Offset 7 6 ANEMOMETER WITH PHOTOCHOPPER OUTPUT An anemometer with a photochopper transducer produces a pulsed output which is monitored with the Pulse Count Instruction configured for High Frequency Pulses The anemometer used in this example is the R M Young Model No 12102D Cup Anemometer which has a 10 window chopper wheel The photochopper circuitr...

Page 93: ...BRIDGE Instruction 9 is the best choice for accuracy where a 100 ohm Platinum Resistance Thermometer PRT is separated from other bridge completion resistors by a lead length having more than a few thousandths of an ohm resistance In this example it is desired to measure a temperature in the range of 10 to 40oC The length of the cable from the CR23X to the PRT is 500 feet CR23X FIGURE 7 8 1 Wiring ...

Page 94: ...ally stable Its precision is not important because the exact resistance is incorporated along with that of the PRT into the calibrated multiplier The 10 ppm oC temperature coefficient of the fixed resistor will limit the error due to its change in resistance with temperature to less than 0 15oC over the 10 to 40oC temperature range Because the measurement is ratiometric Rs Rf the properties of the...

Page 95: ... 4 wire half bridge requires 4 wires and 2 differential channels A terminal input module Model 3WHB10K can be used to complete the circuit in Figure 7 9 1 It uses a 0 01 8 ppm precision resistor PROGRAM 1 3W Half Bridge P7 1 1 Reps 2 22 50 mV 60 Hz Reject Slow Range 3 1 SE Channel 4 1 Excite all reps w Exchan 1 5 4300 mV Excitation 6 1 Loc Rs_Ro 7 100 93 Mult 8 0 0 Offset 2 Temperature RTD P16 1 1...

Page 96: ...hip for a DIN standard PRT where the nominal temperature coefficient is 0 00385 oC The change in nonlinearity of a PRT with the temperature coefficient of 0 00392 oC is minute compared with the slope change Entering a slope correction factor of 0 00385 0 00392 0 98214 as the multiplier in Instruction 16 results in a calculated temperature which is well within the accuracy specifications of the PRT...

Page 97: ...ull bridge to measure a load cell on a weighing lysimeter a container buried in the ground filled with plants and soil used for measuring evapotranspiration The lysimeter is 2 meters in diameter and 1 5 meters deep The total weight of the lysimeter with its container is approximately 8000 kg The lysimeter has a mechanically adjustable counterbalance and changes in weight are measured with a 250 po...

Page 98: ...llivolts thus the 10 millivolt range is selected The calibrated output of the load cell is 3 106mV V1 at a load of 250 pounds Output is desired in millimeters of water with respect to a fixed point The calibration in mV V1 mm is 3 106mV V1 250lb x 2 2lb kg x 3 1416kg mm 4 0 02147mV V1 mm The reciprocal of this gives the multiplier to convert mV V1 into millimeters The result of Instruction 9 is th...

Page 99: ...olynomial to convert block resistance to water potential in bars There are two polynomials one to optimize the range from 0 1 to 2 bars and one to cover the range from 0 1 to 10 bars the minus sign is omitted in the output The 0 1 to 2 bar polynomial requires a multiplier of 1 in the Bridge Transform Instruction result in kohms and the 0 1 to 10 bar polynomial requires a multiplier of 0 1 result i...

Page 100: ...nts of the 5th order polynomial used to convert the output in millivolts to temperature E denotes the power of 10 by which the mantissa is multiplied C0 53 7842 C1 0 147974 C2 2 18755E 4 C3 2 19046E 7 C4 1 11341E 10 C5 2 33651E 14 The CR23X will only allow 5 significant digits to the right or left of the decimal point to be entered from the keyboard The polynomial cannot be applied exactly as give...

Page 101: ...t frequency causes the wire to vibrate at each of the individual frequencies Ideally all of the frequencies except the one matching the resonant frequency of the wire will die out in a very short time The wire will vibrate with the resonant frequency for a relatively long period of time cutting the lines of flux in the plucking and pickup coils and inducing the same frequency on the lines to the C...

Page 102: ...the distance from the lip of the well to the water surface The sensor is vented to atmosphere to eliminate measurement errors due to changes in barometric pressure The water level is expected to stay within 40 to 80 feet of the lip so the 50 psi pressure sensor is placed approximately 100 feet below the lip of the well The calibration data from Geokon is provided in Table 7 15 1 TABLE 7 15 1 Calib...

Page 103: ...SECTION 7 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7 15 CR23X AVW1 FIGURE 7 15 2 Well Monitoring Example ...

Page 104: ... 1 Excite all reps w Exchan 1 5 1 Delay units 0 01 sec 6 2500 mV Excitation 7 1 Loc Temp 8 001 Mult 9 0 Offset 02 Polynomial P55 1 1 Reps 2 1 X Loc Temp 3 1 F X Loc Temp 4 104 78 C0 5 378 11 C1 6 611 59 C2 7 544 27 C3 8 240 91 C4 9 43 089 C5 03 Vibrating Wire SE P28 1 1 Reps 2 2 SE Channel 3 1 Excite all reps w Exchan 1 4 24 Starting Freq units 100 Hz 5 32 End Freq units 100 Hz 6 500 No of Cycles ...

Page 105: ...A NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 2 Gain output option 03 2 Single Ended Input Channel 04 4 Cycles to measure 05 4 Time out 0 01 sec at least the maximum duration of the of cycles specified 1 1 2 cycles 06 4 Destination input location 07 FP Multiplier 08 FP Offset GAIN OUTPUT OPTION PARAMETER 2 The nominal pressure frequency range is 32 to 42 kHz over the stated pressure range period o...

Page 106: ... T1 T2U T3U 2 T4U 3 T5U 4 U Ut U0 Tau measured period in microseconds of pressure Ut measured period in microseconds of temperature Values for the calibration coefficients U0 Y1 Y2 Y3 C1 C2 C3 D1 D2 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 are provided by Paroscientific ENTERING THE COEFFICIENTS Coefficients are entered using CR23X Instruction 65 Bulk Load A calibration sheet from Paroscientific which accompanies the trans...

Page 107: ...he 14 coefficients Record the signature once the coefficients are correctly entered in the program The recorded signature may be used to identify any changes made to the coefficients at a later date Instructions to output the readings to Final Storage are not included in this example PROGRAM Table 1 Program 01 60 Execution Interval seconds Load the coefficients if the program has just compiled 01 ...

Page 108: ...g the CUS100 Terminal Input Module TIM The CUS100 uses a 100 Ω 0 01 resistor to convert the 4 to 20 mA range to 400 to 2000 mV The millivolt range was found using the relationship V IR where V is voltage I is current and R is resistance e g the voltage at 40 C is given by V 4 mA 100 Ω 400 mV The dew point sensor is measured with Instruction 2 Volt Diff The multiplier for dew point temperature is f...

Page 109: ...UREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7 21 4H 4L AG G 12V G CR10X H L GND 4 to 20 mA Sensor 100 Ω 0 01 CURS100 CR23X 4H 4L G 12V Power Out G FIGURE 7 17 1 Wiring Diagram for CURS100 Terminal Input Module and 4 to 20 mA Sensor ...

Page 110: ...SECTION 7 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7 22 This is a blank page ...

Page 111: ...ch the maximum is determined Instruction 71 cannot be used the algorithm for computing this maximum must be programmed by the user The following example demonstrates a program for computing a running maximum In this example each time a new measurement is made in this case a thermocouple temperature a maximum is determined and computed for the 10 most recent samples This is done by saving all 10 te...

Page 112: ...ximum to Final Storage PROGRAM Table 1 Program 01 5 0 Execution Interval seconds 01 Volt Diff P2 1 1 Reps 2 25 5000 mV Slow 60 Hz Rejection Range 3 3 DIFF Channel 4 5 Loc XX_mg_M3 5 10 Mult 6 0 Offset 02 If time is P92 1 0 Minutes Seconds into a 2 60 Interval same units as above 3 10 Set Output Flag High 03 Set Active Storage Area P80 1 3 Input Storage Area 2 3 Array ID or Loc max_i 04 Maximum P73...

Page 113: ... thermal gradients A 107 Temperature Probe is centrally located on the multiplexer board and used as a thermocouple temperature reference The AM416 switches the 223 moisture block out of the circuit when it is not being measured This eliminates the need for the blocking capacitors used in the model 227 soil moisture block The 223 blocks are about one fifth the cost of the 227 blocks Control ports ...

Page 114: ... Delay W Ex units 0 01 sec 3 1 Delay After Ex units 0 01 sec 4 0 mV Excitation 06 Thermocouple Temp DIFF P14 1 1 Reps 2 21 10 mV Slow 60 Hz Rejection Range 3 1 DIFF Channel 4 1 Type T Copper Constantan 5 1 Ref Temp Loc Ref_Temp 6 2 Loc TC_ 1 7 1 Mult 8 0 Offset 07 AC Half Bridge P5 1 1 Reps 2 13 200 mV Fast Range 3 3 SE Channel 4 1 Ex Channel Option 5 200 mV Excitation 6 18 Loc Soil_ 1 7 1 Mult 8 ...

Page 115: ...measured every 0 5 seconds and the average output every 30 seconds PROGRAM Table 1 Program 01 0 5 Execution Interval seconds 01 Reference Temperature P17 1 1 Loc Ref_Temp 02 Thermocouple Temp DIFF P14 1 1 Reps 2 11 10 mV Fast Range 3 2 DIFF Channel 4 2 Type E Chromel Constantan 5 1 Ref Temp Loc Ref_Temp 6 2 Loc TC_Temp 7 1 Mult 8 0 Offset 03 If time is P92 1 0 Minutes Seconds into a 2 30 Interval ...

Page 116: ...asures the sensors every 5 seconds The readings are moved to another 4 locations and scaled to a 0 to 1000 millivolt output for the SDM A04 Wind direction is changed from a 0 360 degree input to output representing 0 to 540 degrees This conversion is done in a subroutine which is described in the next example The example also includes instructions to output wind vector and average temperature and ...

Page 117: ... the days of strip charts this was solved with a 0 540 degree pot on the wind vane direction changes from 540 to 180 and from 0 to 360 so the pen only jumps once when the wind is out of the north or south When faced with the necessity of strip chart output see previous example the following algorithm can be used to change a 0 360 degree input to 0 540 If you have a 0 540 pot it can be used with th...

Page 118: ...t to Final Storage Area 2 4 values with the Array ID 84 locations are allocated to Final Storage Area 2 Thus Area 2 holds 21 seconds 4 values second x 21 seconds 84 locations When 25 pounds is exceeded 10 is loaded into an input location and flag 1 is set high The input location is used as a down counter The flag indicates an event has occurred and prevents the input location from being reloaded u...

Page 119: ...and output and the duration of the that frequency The unit of delay is the execution interval A delay of 1 with a 10 second execution interval and a count of 60 means the instructions in the loop in this case measure and output water level are executed every 10 seconds for 10 minutes The drawdown portion of the test is completed at some time greater than 1000 minutes To enter the recharge phase of...

Page 120: ...tes for 200 minutes 11 Beginning of Loop P87 1 12 Delay 2 100 Loop Count 12 Do P86 1 1 Call Subroutine 1 13 End P95 Loop 5 Output every 5 minutes for 700 minutes 14 Beginning of Loop P87 1 30 Delay 2 140 Loop Count 15 Do P86 1 1 Call Subroutine 1 16 End P95 Loop 6 Output every 10 minutes until stopped by user 17 Beginning of Loop P87 1 60 Delay 2 0 Loop Count 18 Do P86 1 1 Call Subroutine 1 19 If ...

Page 121: ...rature for the thermocouples The thermocouples are measured on the most sensitive input range 2 5 mV accommodating a 40oC range between the measurement and AM25T TC reference junction The resolution is 33 µV 60 µV oC or about 0 006oC Measuring absolute temperature with TCs requires a reference junction temperature measurement The reference PRT is measured with Instruction 6 Temperature is computed...

Page 122: ...mospheric pressure We ll use the standard atmosphere for the site elevation and key the value into Location 17 using the C command in the 6 Mode This example requires that 54 locations be allotted to Input Storage and 79 to Intermediate Storage 35 for the 1st COV CORR Instruction 43 for the second and 1 for Instruction 92 TABLE 8 10 3 Example Input Channel and Location Assignments INPUT INPUT INPU...

Page 123: ...W1 05 Z X F P37 1 4 X Loc W2 2 1 2222 F 3 4 Z Loc W2 06 Block Move P54 1 5 No of Values 2 4 First Source Loc W2 3 1 Source Step 4 11 First Destination Loc W2_i 5 1 Destination Step 07 Z X P31 1 9 X Loc Ta1 2 4 Z Loc W2 08 Wet Dry Bulb Temp to VP P57 1 17 Pressure Loc Pressure 2 9 Dry Bulb Loc Ta1 3 10 Wet Bulb Loc Tw1 4 5 Loc U2 09 Wet Dry Bulb Temp to VP P57 1 17 Pressure Loc Pressure 2 14 Dry Bu...

Page 124: ...variance 6 2 No of Correlations 7 300 Samples per Average 8 11 First Sample Loc W2_i 9 36 Loc mean_W2 13 Real Time P77 1 0110 Day Hour Minute 14 Sample P70 1 35 Reps 2 20 Loc mean_W1 TABLE 8 10 4 Thirty Minute Output From Example 01 119 02 DAY 03 HRMIN 04 M W1 05 M U1 06 M V1 07 M Ta1 08 M e1 09 V W1 10 V U1 11 V V1 12 V Ta1 13 V e1 14 CV W1 U1 15 CV W1 V1 16 CV W1 Ta1 17 CV W1 e1 18 CR W1 U1 19 C...

Page 125: ...ry phase and magnitude and the power spectra results are shown in Tables 8 11 1 8 11 2 and 8 11 3 respectively A portion of the power spectra results are illustrated in Figure 8 11 2 The phase of the cosine wave that describes the signal at the beginning of the first interval and the end of the last interval can be determined by looking at the CR23X program that generated the original time series ...

Page 126: ...9532 0 00206 0 3 0 029298 0 0 22 0 214852 0 00086 0 00009 23 0 224618 0 01096 0 0036 24 0 234384 0 19328 0 06277 25 0 24415 0 59858 0 19439 26 0 253916 0 65827 0 21391 27 0 263682 0 26778 0 08709 28 0 273448 0 02466 0 00796 29 0 283214 0 00086 0 00034 125 1 22075 0 0 00069 126 1 230516 0 00009 0 04342 127 1 240282 0 00009 0 23044 128 1 250048 0 0 37302 129 1 259814 0 0 23053 130 1 26958 0 00009 0 ...

Page 127: ... 24 0 234384 84 152 25 0 24415 811 01 26 0 253916 980 79 27 0 263682 162 4 28 0 273448 1 4764 29 0 283214 0 125 1 22075 0 126 1 230516 3 9369 127 1 240282 108 76 128 1 250048 284 94 129 1 259814 108 76 130 1 26958 3 9369 131 1 279346 0 511 4 990426 0 PROGRAM The first part of this program generates a dummy data set that represents two signals superimposed on top of each other One signal has a freq...

Page 128: ... Flag 1 High Table 2 Program 02 0 0000 Execution Interval seconds Table 3 Subroutines End Program A Mode 10 Memory Allocation 01 1030 Input Locations 02 260 Intermediate Locations 8 11 2 EXAMPLE WITH BIN AVERAGING The CR23X was used to generate data simulating wave data from an ocean buoy with four superimposed sine wave signals 0 1 0 125 0 14 and 0 2 Hz The 2048 generated samples simulate a sampl...

Page 129: ...SECTION 8 PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8 19 FIGURE 8 11 3 Simulated Ocean Buoy Wave Data FIGURE 8 11 4 Simulated Ocean Buoy FFT Results ...

Page 130: ...9165 0 527 23 0 04485 0 48 0 0936 6 246 24 0 0468 0 49 0 09555 21 52 25 0 04875 0 50 0 0975 123 1 PROGRAM Simulate ocean wave data with 4 super imposed sine wave signals Hz zero to peak amplitude 1 11 125 9 Flag 1 high generate and store original time series data Flag 2 high calculate and store FFT results Output Array Definitions 104 ORIGINAL TIME SERIES DATA 113 FFT POWER SPECTRA RESULTS Table 1...

Page 131: ...signal 01 Beginning of Subroutine P85 1 1 Subroutine 1 02 Beginning of Loop P87 1 0 Delay 2 2048 Loop Count 03 Polynomial P55 1 1 Reps 2 1 X Loc 1 3 1 F X Loc 1 4 1 C0 5 99 C1 6 0 C2 7 0 C3 8 0 C4 9 0 C5 04 Z FRAC X P44 1 1 X Loc 1 2 1 Z Loc 1 05 Z X F P34 1 1 X Loc 1 2 5 F 3 2 Z Loc _________ 06 Z X F P37 1 2 X Loc _________ 2 30 F 3 2 Z Loc _________ 07 Low Pass Filter P58 1 1 Reps 2 2 Sample Lo...

Page 132: ...2 V TO POWER SENSORS In this example it is required to measure air temperature at two levels at a remote site where AC power is not available The station is powered with a 12 V battery that is trickle charged by a solar panel Two 12 VDC aspirated thermocouples ASPTC are used measure air temperature To minimize the current drain of the ASPTCs the fans are turned on 20 seconds before the CR23X measu...

Page 133: ...me units as above 3 30 Then Do 03 If Flag Port P91 1 49 Do if Port 9 is High 2 30 Then Do 04 Reference Temperature P17 1 1 Loc Ref_Temp 05 Thermocouple Temp DIFF P14 1 2 Reps 2 1 2 5 mV Slow Range 3 2 DIFF Channel 4 2 Type E Chromel Constantan 5 1 Ref Temp Loc Ref_Temp 6 2 Loc Lower_TC 7 1 Mult 8 0 Offset 06 Do P86 1 59 Set Port 9 Low 07 Z X Y P35 1 3 X Loc Upper_TC 2 2 Y Loc Lower_TC 3 4 Z Loc de...

Page 134: ...SECTION 8 PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8 24 This is a blank page ...

Page 135: ... Range code Table 9 1 03 2 Single ended channel number for first measurement 04 4 Input location for first measurement 05 FP Multiplier 06 FP Offset Input locations altered 1 per repetition 2 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTS FUNCTION This Instruction reads the voltage difference between the high and low inputs of a differential channel Table 9 1 contains all valid voltage ranges and their codes Both the high an...

Page 136: ...100 kohm pull up resistor to 5 V on the pulse channel This pull up resistor accommodates open collector output devices for high frequency input Control Ports C5 C8 Minimum Pulse Width 150 ηs Maximum Frequency 2 5 kHz Triggered off Rising Edge 99999 displayed if maximum exceeded Lower Threshold 1 5 V Upper Threshold 3 5 V Larger input transitions are required at high frequencies because of the inpu...

Page 137: ...s and corresponding counter reset intervals As counter reset frequency increases quiescent current drain of the CR23X increases If power consumption is less of a concern parameter 3 of the Pulse Counter P3 instruction can be indexed e g 03 0 Indexing the 3 rd parameter in any P3 Pulse Counter instruction will invoke a 100 Hz reset frequency on all pulse channels P1 P4 Higher input frequencies can ...

Page 138: ...nterval is 4 0 s ports C5 C8 measure the actual time between edges of the pulse with a 0 5 µs resolution The resulting frequency resolution is 0 5 Frequency Therefore for execution intervals 4 0 second ports C5 C8 yield more accurate frequency measurements especially for low frequency signals than do pulse counters P1 P4 For execution intervals 4 0 s ports C5 C8 simply accumulate pulses similar to...

Page 139: ...1 to P4 Only 100 Hz reset only used with 8 bit counter Example 24 Selects 16 bit 100 Hz reset Low Level AC with a frequency output PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 2 Pulse channel or Control Port number for first measurement 03 2 Configuration code from above table 04 4 Input location for first measurement 05 FP Multiplier 06 FP Offset Input locations altered 1 per repetition...

Page 140: ...e and make a differential voltage measurement of the bridge output The measurement is made with the polarity of the excitation voltage both positive and negative Figure 13 5 1 The result is 1000 times the ratio of the measurement to the excitation voltage A 1 before the excitation channel number 1X causes the channel to be incremented with each repetition PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Re...

Page 141: ...ARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 2 Range code Table 9 1 03 2 Differential channel number for first measurement 04 2 Excitation channel number Table 9 2A 05 4 Delay 0 01s 06 4 Excitation voltage millivolts 07 4 Input location number for first measurement 08 FP Multiplier 09 FP Offset Input locations altered 1 per repetition 9 FULL BRIDGE WITH EXCITATION COMPENSATION FUNCTION Th...

Page 142: ... degrees Celsius The maximum polynomial error from 40 C to 56 C is given here Curve Fit Error Range C Error C 40 to 56 1 0 24 to 48 0 1 TABLE 9 3 Excitation Integration Codes Code Result 0x excite all rep with channel x 1x increment chan x with each rep 2x excite all reps with channel x slow 60 Hz rejection 10 ms delay 3x excite all reps with channel x slow 50 Hz rejection 10 ms delay 4x increment...

Page 143: ... selected thermocouple calibration to calculate the thermocouple output voltage at the reference temperature then it makes a SINGLE ENDED VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT Section 13 2 on the thermocouple and adds the measured voltage to the calculated reference voltage then converts the voltage to temperature in C A multiplier of 1 and an offset of zero yields temperature in degrees Celsius When using the 10 5...

Page 144: ...relative to 0 C and converts the combined voltage to temperature in C A multiplier of 1 and an offset of zero yields temperature in degrees Celsius When using the 10 50 or 200 mV ranges the differential inputs are briefly tested to insure that the thermocouple is not open If the thermocouple is open 99999 or 6999 is output NOTE Because of the open thermocouple test high output impedance sensors sh...

Page 145: ...perature Refer to Section 13 4 1 for accuracy information PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location number for temperature Input locations altered 1 18 MOVE TIME TO INPUT LOCATION FUNCTION This instruction takes the current time in seconds into the minute minutes into the day or hours into the year and does a modulo divide see Instruction 46 on the time value with the number specified...

Page 146: ... ms 5 Pulse duration 100 ms 6 Pulse duration 1 s 7 Configure as output 8 Configure as input 9 Leave unchanged Duration of pulse on subsequent pulse port command in Program Control Instruction PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 C8 C7 C6 C5 option codes 02 4 C4 C3 C2 C1 option codes Input locations altered 0 21 PULSE PORT WITH DURATION FUNCTION Instruction 21 pulses a control port for a specifi...

Page 147: ... source impedance when using less than 1 ms per channel in the burst mode Settling errors are worsened for sensors with long leads and or high output impedance See Section 13 3 for discussion of settling time and time constants Excitation is always supplied from excitation channel 1 The excitation voltage in millivolts is entered in Parameter 9 If excitation is not desired enter 0 for Parameter 9 ...

Page 148: ...ause the total number of measurements are limited only by the storage of the receiving computer this can be a very large number Parameter 6 is the number of measurements per channel to send in units of 1000 e g 0 001 represents 1 measurement If 0 is entered for Parameter 6 the CR23X will continue to send data until the Instruction is aborted by pressing any key on the keyboard Raw A D data may be ...

Page 149: ...ations is in progress the destination of the data determines whether or not the instruction is executed Burst data sent to input locations If a CR23X already in Telecommunications mode executes a Burst instruction specifying that Burst data be sent to input locations all telecommunication activity will be suspended After the Burst trigger condition is met and all Burst measurements made telecommun...

Page 150: ...sed 0 to 31 depending on option and what is being used in the program TABLE 9 7 Option Description 0 Calibrate only the active components do not store the results 1 Calibrate only the active components store the active components 2 Calibrate all components store the results 3 Do not calibrate store active components 25 READ PORTS FUNCTION The status of a group of ports selected by a mask is read a...

Page 151: ...channel As an option the frequency of the signal in kHz may be output instead of the period The number of cycles to measure should be chosen so that at least 1 1 milliseconds transpires while counting those cycles e g if the maximum input frequency is 10 kHz choose at least 11 cycles to be measured If the time for the number of cycles is less than 1 1 milliseconds an overrange value displayed as 9...

Page 152: ... to ground Low level sensor outputs can have dc offset voltages that prevent the internal voltage comparator from ever crossing its switch point The reactance of the dc blocking capacitor Xc 2 π f C 1 and resistor R1 form a voltage divider at low frequencies R1 R1 Xc that attenuates the applied input signal This attenuation sets a lower limit on low frequency operation and the minimum size of R1 T...

Page 153: ...nsducer is used to measure water level This instruction excites the PS9105 with a single excitation channel and measures the sensor s output on two consecutive differential analog input channels The pressure and sensor temperature are written into two consecutive input locations starting at the location specified in parameter 3 Each PS9105 has 20 enhanced measurement parameters that are documented...

Page 154: ...M SW8A FUNCTION The 8 channel SDM SW8A Switch Closure Input Module is a peripheral for measuring up to 8 channels of switch closure or voltage pulse inputs Each channel may be configured to read single pole double throw SPDT switch closure single pole single throw SPST switch closure or voltage pulse Output options include counts duty cycle or state The SW8A is addressed by the datalogger allowing...

Page 155: ... for each SDM A04 Every 4 reps another device at the next higher address is selected PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Reps of outputs 02 2 Starting Address Base 4 00 33 03 4 Starting input location C1 is Data line C2 is Clk Hand Shake line C3 is SDE Enable line Input locations reads 1 per repetitions 104 SDM CD16AC FUNCTION Instruction 104 is used to control the SDM CD16AC or the SDM CD16 T...

Page 156: ...he command to be sent to the SDI 12 sensor Usually 0 is entered to select the M command The following Standard SDI 12 commands are supported by the CR23X TABLE 9 9 SDI 12 Command Codes ENTRY COMMAND DESCRIPTION 0 M Initiate Measurement 0 C Initiate Concurrent Measurement 1 9 M1 M9 Additional Measurement commands specified by the SDI 12 sensor 10 V Initiate Verify sequence 11 I Send Identification ...

Page 157: ...er to the first Input Location if any to be sent as part of the command string The parameters placed in P68 are the decimal ASCII equivalent of literal characters to be sent or 128 if the value in an input location is to be sent Enter a parameter of zero to end the string The address prefix and suffix are automatically sent in addition to the information listed in Instruction s 68 The CR23X keeps ...

Page 158: ...seconds Security must be unlocked to level 2 before the Transparent mode is enabled 106 SDI 12 SENSOR Instruction 106 allows a CR23X to be used as an SDI 12 sensor The CR23X can make measurements and transfer data using SDI 12 commands in response to another SDI 12 recorder Instruction 106 supports the Standard SDI 12 commands as listed in the Parameter 2 description for Instruction 105 The SDI 12...

Page 159: ... With a time of zero the remaining instructions in Subroutine 98 are not executed The actual time to complete subroutine 98 is the time required to execute all instructions from Instruction 106 SDI 12 sensor to the final Instruction 95 End For response to the M command the entered time may be longer than the actual time without slowing the data exchange because the sensor CR23X signals the SDI 12 ...

Page 160: ... Input locations altered 0 110 SDM GROUP TRIGGER FUNCTION This instruction is used to synchronize the measurements of up to 15 SDM sensors that support the group trigger protocol The data is retrieved with the appropriate device specific instruction Instruction 110 does not have any parameters 113 SDM SI04 FUNCTION Instruction 113 communicates with the SDM SI04 serial input multiplexer See the SDM...

Page 161: ... Table 1 0 407 µs resolution range is 6 8265 7 Time required of previous instruction 8 Internal Panel temperature Using option 8 instead of P17 thermocouple measurements run about five times faster but the measurement may be as old as 2 8 minutes This option should only be used over P17 when timing is more important than how old the reading is 131 EXTENDED VIBRATING WIRE MEASUREMENT FUNCTION Excit...

Page 162: ...d or short cable lengths may require less settling time A single P132 instruction in the datalogger program will change all applicable default settling times Multiple P132 instructions in a datalogger program will cause settling time changes for the analog measurement instructions following each P132 Shortened settling times for the P10 and P17 instruction will degrade the measurement accuracy whi...

Page 163: ...9 1 03 2 First AM25T Channel 04 2 Differential Channel 05 2 RTD Integration Excitation Channel x 0 Reference Temperature not updated 1x 250 usec integration no AC rejection 2x 60 Hz rejection 3x 50 Hz rejection 06 2 Clock Control Port 07 2 Reset Control Port 08 2 Thermocouple Type x Table 9 4 x 0 mV result x 1 8 Type TEKJBRSN 9x Common Mode Range Check See P14 09 4 Reference Temperature Location 1...

Page 164: ...SECTION 9 INPUT OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9 30 This is a blankpage ...

Page 165: ...TA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Source input location number X 02 4 Destination input location Z Input locations altered 1 32 Z Z 1 FUNCTION Add 1 to the current value in the specified input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Destination input location Z Input locations altered 1 33 X Y FUNCTION Add X to Y and place result in a third input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION ...

Page 166: ...altered 1 39 SQUARE ROOT FUNCTION Take the square root of X and place the result in an input location If X is negative 0 will be stored as the result PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 4 Dest input location for X 1 2 Z Input locations altered 1 40 LN X FUNCTION Take the natural logarithm of X and place the result in an input location If X is 0 or negative 99999 will b...

Page 167: ...ns X PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 FP Fixed divisor F 03 4 Dest input loc For X MOD F Z Input locations altered 1 47 XY FUNCTION Raise X to the Y power and place the result in an input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 4 Input location of Y Y 03 4 Dest input location for X Y Z Input locations altered 1 48 SIN X FUNCTION Cal...

Page 168: ...ver the given set or SWATH of input locations and place the result in an input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Swath SWATH 02 4 Starting input location 1ST LOC 03 4 Dest input location of average AVG or Z Input locations altered 1 If Swath is indexed the zeros are not included in the average 52 RUNNING AVERAGE FUNCTION This instruction calculates the running average of a value in ...

Page 169: ...re scaling the X value by an appropriate factor to place the coefficients within the entry range Pre scaling can also be used to modify coefficients which are very close to 0 to increase the number of significant digits PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions REPS 02 4 Starting input location for X X 03 4 Dest input location for F X F X or Z 04 FP C0 coefficient C0 05 FP C1 coefficient...

Page 170: ...t sample W user entered weighting function O W 1 If W O F Xi X1 if W 1 F Xi X and F Xi 1 output calculated for previous sample The equivalent RC time constant is given by T W where T is the sampling time in seconds For values of W less than 0 25 the analogous cut off frequency the frequency where the ratio of output to input is 707 is accurately represented by W 2πT For larger values of W this ana...

Page 171: ...orage device FFT results are transferred to Final Memory by setting the Output Flag and sampling the input locations which contain the FFT results PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Log base 2 of N where N is the number of samples in the original data e g this parameter is 11 for 2048 samples or 12 for 4096 samples maximum 02 2 FFT Option 0X Power Spectrum 1X Real Imaginary 2X Magnitude Phase...

Page 172: ... must be enough to accommodate the N sampled values where N is defined under Parameter 1 The number of Intermediate Memory Locations allocated must be greater than or equal to N 8 2 If insufficient Input or Intermediate Memory Locations have been allocated the datalogger will flag an E60 or E04 respectively NOTE The CR23X has 1 Intermediate Location that is not available for use by Processing or O...

Page 173: ... FFT assumes the signal is periodic with a period equal to the total sampling period the result of its phase calculation at each frequency component is the average of the phase at the beginning of the first interval with the phase at the end of the last interval The phase is the angle 0 to 360 degrees of the cosine wave that describes the signal at a particular point in time POWER SPECTRUM The res...

Page 174: ...tarting with the first one specified by Parameter 4 The value for average bin n APSn is related to the spectral bin values PSi see previous section by the following equation APSn Σ PSi 0 5 PSnA A 2 PSnA A 2 A 10 where i goes from nA A 2 1 to nA A 2 1 The following table illustrates how bin averaging is done given a time series of 1024 values taken at one per second with the resulting 512 spectral ...

Page 175: ...cessing before storing the values in Final Storage Sample Instruction 70 must be used to transfer final results from Input to Final Storage To accommodate cases where it is desirable to calculate the statistical quantities over time periods shorter than the Output Interval an averaging period shorter than the Output Interval may be specified The final values obtained at the Output Interval are the...

Page 176: ...mediate Storage requirements increase rapidly The instruction requires that the input values reside sequentially in Input Storage Since the number of outputs is specified for each type of statistical calculation the instruction starts with the first value working sequentially through the input values For this reason the order of the input values determines which values are processed Table 10 2 sho...

Page 177: ...ccurs only when the number of input samples specified in Parameter 7 is accumulated Regardless of whether all of the input samples for the averaging period specified in Parameter 7 have occurred or not averaging period processing occurs whenever the Output Flag is set This accommodates situations where the Output Interval may not be an integer multiple of the averaging period If for example a 30 m...

Page 178: ...surement instruction to another In many situations the CR23X must perform measurement and processing tasks in addition to those associated with the COV CORR Instruction Uninterrupted operation of the COV CORR Instruction is assured by entering it in Program Table 1 highest priority and placing the additional tasks in Program Table 2 A covariance correlation example is given in Section 8 63 PARAMET...

Page 179: ... the Y3 and D1 coefficients respectively The example below shows the correct format for entering the coefficients Example The 14 coefficients shown below are for Paroscientific T Series transducer Serial Number 30135 Your coefficients will be different Coeff Value Entry U0 5 860253 5 8603 Y1 3970 348 3970 3 Y2 7114 265 7114 3 Y3 102779 1 102 78 C1 70 29398 70 294 C2 6 610141 6 6101 C3 119 2867 119...

Page 180: ...ON 01 4 Input location of X X 02 4 Input location of Y Y 03 4 Destination input location for ARCTAN X Y Z Input locations altered 1 67 DYNAGAGE SAP FLOW FUNCTION This instruction is used in conjunction with a Dynamax Inc Stem Flow Gage It processes four voltages measured by instruction 2 See Appendix F for information on Instruction 67 Input locations altered 2 or 6 68 EXTENDED PARAMETERS 4 DIGIT ...

Page 181: ...ual to 0 Standard deviation can be processed one of two ways 1 using every sample taken during the output period enter 0 for parameter 2 or 2 by averaging standard deviations processed from shorter sub intervals of the output period Averaging sub interval standard deviations minimizes the effects of meander under light wind conditions and it provides more complete information for periods of transi...

Page 182: ...st west component of wind Uni north south component of wind N number of samples Calculations Scalar mean horizontal wind speed S S ΣSi N where in the case of orthogonal sensors Si Uei 2 Uni 2 1 2 Unit vector mean wind direction Θ1 Θ1 Arctan Ux Uy where Ux Σsin Θi N Uy Σcos Θi N or in the case of orthogonal sensors Ux Σ Uei Ui N Uy Σ Uni Ui N where Ui Uei 2 Uni 2 1 2 Standard deviation of wind dire...

Page 183: ...or each input location specified over a given output interval PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 2 Time of minimum optional 03 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 per repetition 1 or 2 additional outputs per repetition with time option 75 STANDARD AND WEIGHTED VALUE HISTOGRAM FUNCTION Processes input data as either a standard histogram frequency distribution or a w...

Page 184: ...side of the histogram range The difference between the closed and open form is shown in the following example for temperature values Lower range limit 10 C Upper range limit 30 C Number of bins 10 Closed Form Open Form Range of first bin 10 to 11 99 deg 12 deg Range of last bin 28 to 29 99 deg 28 deg A common use of a closed form weighted value histogram is the wind speed rose Wind speed values th...

Page 185: ... sampling is to occur only when a specific input location shows a new maximum or minimum the previous Maximize or Minimize Instruction should have one rep referring to that input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions number of sequential locations to sample 02 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 per repetition 80 SET ACTIVE STORAGE AREA FUNCTION Instruction 80 i...

Page 186: ...h have a mean value M 100 M 110 the second bin 110 M 120 etc If Cm a is the count for mean range m and amplitude range a and M and N are the number of mean and amplitude bins respectively then the output of one repetition is arranged sequentially as C1 1 C1 2 C1 N C2 1 C2 2 CM N Multiple repetitions are sequential in memory Shown in two dimensions the output is C1 1 C1 2 C1 N C2 1 C2 2 C2 N CM 1 C...

Page 187: ...required Reps x Bins 2 x No of Amplitude Bins 4 where Bins No Mean Bins x No Amplitude Bins Outputs Generated No Mean Bins x No Amplitude Bins x Reps 82 STANDARD DEVIATION IN TIME FUNCTION Calculate the standard deviation STD DEV of a given input location The standard deviation is calculated using the formula S ΣXi 2 ΣXi 2 N N 1 2 where Xi is the ith measurement and N is the number of samples PARA...

Page 188: ...SECTION 11 OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11 8 This is a blankp age ...

Page 189: ...ion 95 END All subroutines must be placed in Table 3 Subroutine Table When a subroutine is called by a command in a Program Control Instruction the subroutine is executed then program flow continues with the instruction following that which called the subroutine Subroutines may be called from within other subroutines nested The maximum nesting level for subroutines is 7 deep Attempts to nest more ...

Page 190: ... if the execution interval is 1 second When the loop is first entered one pass through the loop is made then the CR23X delays until the next execution interval and makes the second pass through the loop After making the fifth pass through the loop there is the fifth delay after which execution passes to the instruction following the END instruction which goes with the loop While in a loop with del...

Page 191: ...as follows a pressure Location 10 b dry bulb temperatures Location 11 15 c wet bulb temperatures Location 16 20 d calculated vapor pressure Location 21 25 Vapor pressure is written over the wet bulb temperatures 2 The program flow is as follows a Enter the Loop Instruction 87 with Delay 0 and iteration count 5 b Calculate the vapor pressure with Instruction 57 using a normal location entry of 10 f...

Page 192: ... 2 Hours into current year maximum 8784 2 24 Mod By 3 25 Loc Day 3 End P95 88 IF X COMPARED TO Y FUNCTION This Instruction compares two input locations and if the result is true executes the specified Command The comparison codes are given in Table 12 5 PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location for X 02 2 Comparison code Table 12 5 03 4 Input location for Y 04 2 Command Table 12 2 TAB...

Page 193: ... is synchronized internally by making a modulo divide Instruction 46 of the number of minutes since midnight by the specified real time interval If the result is 0 the interval is up Thus the first interval of the day always starts at midnight 0 minutes The maximum interval is 1440 minutes The time into an interval is only true the first time Instruction 92 is executed within a given minute or sec...

Page 194: ...on 96 is placed in the program table after all Output Instructions have been entered and is executed each time the Table is executed In this situation any data sent to Final Storage is output as soon as possible However by using Program Control Instructions to allow execution of Instruction 96 only at certain times the user can control when the output device s are active Instruction 96 allows a ch...

Page 195: ...SCII RS 232 5y Comma Separated ASCII CS I O 5y Comma Separated ASCII RS 232 6y Binary Final Storage Format CS I O 6y Binary Final Storage Format RS 232 TRANSFER DATA TO OTHER FINAL STORAGE AREA 80 New data only 81 All data 97 INITIATE TELECOMMUNICATIONS Instruction P97 enables the CR23X to initiate telecommunications with 1 a PC via telephone radio or generic modem Callback 2 a pager system 3 a hu...

Page 196: ... Time Limit on Call Attempt One second units A call attempt is timed from execution of P97 until a valid answering identification code is received by the CR23X If the code is not received before the time limit the CR23X hangs up and waits for the next attempt or retry Parameter 4 Delay Between Fast Retries One second units Parameter 5 Number of Fast Retries Number of retries at the fast rate enter...

Page 197: ...sts special characters that are active only when a generic modem baud rate option is used Table 12 7 Option Codes for P97 Initiate Telecommunications Code Device Baud 00 RF95 300 01 RF95 1200 02 RF95 9600 10 Direct CS I O 300 11 Direct CS I O 1200 14 Direct CS I O 2400 15 Direct CS I O 4800 12 Direct CS I O 9600 16 Direct CS I O 19 2 k 17 Direct CS I O 38 4 k 20 COM200 DC112 300 21 COM200 DC112 12...

Page 198: ...98 is used with Instruction 63 to send a character or string of characters up to 15 out a serial port to a device The Computer RS232 port can be configured to stay on continuously in the D mode as described in Section 1 8 7 The device may be either addressed or pin enabled Section 6 2 Instruction 63 must immediately follow 98 The character or characters to send are entered in Instruction 63 as the...

Page 199: ...om CR23X Final Storage via an ARGOS satellite See the ARGOS Interface Notes for information on Instruction 121 122 INMARSAT C FUNCTION This instruction is used to transmit data from CR23X Final Storage and receive data via the Galaxy INMARSAT C satellite transceiver See the INMARSAT C interface notes for information on Instruction 122 123 AUTOMATIC PROGRAMMING OF A TGT1 FUNCTION Instruction 123 pe...

Page 200: ...p Spaces note that not all characters are displayed on the screen For example 193 skips 1 space 194 skips 2 spaces etc It does not write over any characters written in the spaces it skips TABLE 12 9 P220 ASCII Conversion 1 T O 9 T O 32 SPACE 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 0 49 1 50 2 51 3 52 4 53 5 54 6 55 7 56 8 57 9 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 A 66 B 67 C 68 D 69 E 70 F 71 G 72 H 73...

Page 201: ...ycle apart Figure 13 1 1 which results in the AC noise integrating to 0 This is the method used by the 5000 mV range for AC noise rejection This method is also available on other ranges by preceding the range code with a 4 60 Hz or 5 50 Hz i e 41 42 45 There are several situations where the fast integration time of 250 µsec is preferred The fast integration time minimizes time skew between measure...

Page 202: ...urement is shown in Figure 13 2 1 A single ended measurement is made on a single input which is referenced to ground A single integration is performed for each measurement A differential measurement measures the difference in voltage between two inputs The measurement sequence on a differential measurement involves two integrations First with the high input referenced to the low then with the inpu...

Page 203: ...be encountered when the CR23X is used to read the output of external signal conditioning circuitry if a good ground connection does not exist between the external circuitry and the CR23X When operating where AC power is available it is not always safe to assume that a good ground connection exists through the AC wiring If a CR23X is used to measure the output from a laboratory instrument both plug...

Page 204: ... the effects of lead length on the measurement can be estimated In addition physical values are given for three types of wire used in CSI sensors and error estimates for given lead lengths are provided Finally techniques are discussed for minimizing input settling error when long leads are mandatory FIGURE 13 3 1 Input Voltage Rise and Transient Decay 13 3 1 THE INPUT SETTLING TIME CONSTANT The ra...

Page 205: ...e constant τ is known a quick estimation of the settling error as a percentage of the maximum error Vso for rising Ve o for decaying is obtained by knowing how many time constants t τ are contained in the 450 µs CR23X input settling interval t The familiar exponential decay relationship is given in Table 13 3 1 for reference TABLE 13 3 1 Exponential Decay Percent of Maximum Error vs Time in Units ...

Page 206: ...are given in column 3 of Table 13 3 5 DETERMINING LEAD CAPACITANCE Wire manufacturers typically provide two capacitance specifications 1 the capacitance between the two leads with the shield floating and 2 the capacitance between the two leads with the shield tied to one lead Since the input lead and the shield are tied to ground often through a bridge resistor Rf in single ended measurements such...

Page 207: ...e lead capacitance because the jacket is outside the shield Campbell Scientific uses only polyethylene and polypropylene insulated conductors in CR23X sensors see Table 13 3 2 since these materials have negligible dielectric absorption Teflon insulation is also very good but quite expensive 13 3 2 EFFECT OF LEAD LENGTH ON SIGNAL RISE TIME In the 034A Wind Vane a potentiometer sensor the peak trans...

Page 208: ... for 024A Wind Direction Sensor vs Lead Length Wind Error Direction L 1000 ft L 500 ft 360 66 15 270 45 9 180 21 3 90 4 0 The values in Table 13 3 3 show that significant error occurs at large direction values for leads in excess of 500 feet Instruction 4 Excite Delay and Measure should be used to eliminate errors in these types of situations Using a 10 ms delay settling errors are eliminated up t...

Page 209: ...m lead length are summarized in Table 13 3 5 and listed below 1 Veo 50 mV peak transient at 2 V excitation 2 Ve 2 5 µV allowable measurement error 3 t 450 µs CR23X input settling time 4 Ro 1 kohm 107 probe source resistance 5 Cf 3 3 nfd CR23X input capacitance 6 Cw 42 pfd ft lead wire capacitance Solving Equation 13 3 15 gives a maximum lead length of L 1003 ft error 0 05 C Setting the allowable e...

Page 210: ...ling errors 1 When measurement speed is not a prime consideration Instruction 4 Excite Delay and Measure can be used to insure ample settling time for half bridge single ended sensors 2 An additional low value bridge resistor can be added to decrease the source resistance Ro For example assume a YSI nonlinear thermistor such as the model 44032 is used with a 30 kohm bridge resistor R f A typical c...

Page 211: ...o Rf Rs Rb Rf but when the pigtails are extended the signal is proportional to Rf Rl Rs Rb Rf Rl Rl is much smaller than the other terms in the denominator and can be discarded The effect on the signal can be analyzed by taking the ratio of the signal with extended leads Vsl to the normal signal Vs Vsl Vs Rf Rl Rf Plugging in values of Rf 1k and Rl 012k 500 at 23 ohms 1000 Table 13 3 2 gives an ap...

Page 212: ...ASUREMENTS 13 12 FIGURE 13 3 7 Half Bridge Configuration for YSI 44032 Thermistor Connected to CR23X Showing A large source resistance B large source resistance at point P and C configuration optimized for input settling ...

Page 213: ...MENTS 13 13 CR23X FIGURE 13 3 8 Measuring Input Settling Error with the CR23X CR23X FIGURE 13 3 9 Incorrect Lead Wire Extension on Model 107 Temperature Sensor CR23X FIGURE 13 3 8 Measuring Input Settling Error with the CR23X ...

Page 214: ...erence junction temperature if its reference junction were at 0 C and adds this voltage to the measured thermocouple voltage The temperature of the measuring junction is then calculated from a polynomial approximation of the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Monograph 175 TC calibrations 13 4 1 ERROR ANALYSIS The error in the measurement of a thermocouple temperature is the sum o...

Page 215: ...the CR23X was in a chamber that had the temperature changed from 40 to 60 C in about 12 minutes The initial error while the temperature is stable at 40 C 10 to 0 minutes is largely thermistor interchangeablity error During the temperature change the differences in temperature between the input terminals and the reference thermistor dominate the error Wire routing the battery base and the source of...

Page 216: ...Temperature Terminal Cover Temperature FIGURE 13 4 2 Thermocouple Temperature Error During Rapid Temperature Change Base w o Battery Terminal Cover in Place TABLE 13 4 1 Limits of Error for Thermocouple Wire Reference Junction at 0 C Limits of Error Thermocouple Temperature Whichever is greater Type Range C Standard Special T 200 to 0 1 0 C or 1 5 0 to 350 1 0 C or 0 75 0 5 C or 0 4 J 0 to 750 2 2...

Page 217: ...ntitatively evaluate thermocouple error when the reference junction is not fixed at 0 C one needs limits of error for the Seebeck coefficient slope of thermocouple voltage vs temperature curve for the various thermocouples Lacking this information a reasonable approach is to apply the percentage errors with perhaps 0 25 added on to the difference in temperature being measured by the thermocouple A...

Page 218: ...wo sources of error arise when the reference temperature is out of range The most significant error is in the calculated compensation voltage however error is also created in the temperature difference calculated from the thermocouple output For example suppose the reference temperature for a measurement on a type T thermocouple is 300 C The compensation voltage calculated by the CR23X corresponds...

Page 219: ...ing used for measurement and the CR23X panel used as the reference junction Extension grade thermocouple wire has a smaller temperature range than standard thermocouple wire but meets the same limits of error within that range The only situation where it would be necessary to use extension grade wire instead of a external measuring junction is where the junction box temperature is outside the rang...

Page 220: ...h the excitation as programmed and another set of measurements with the excitation polarity reversed The error in the two measurements due to thermal emfs is then accounted for in the processing of the measurement instruction The excitation is switched on 450µs before the integration portion of the measurement starts and is grounded as soon as the integration is completed Figure 13 5 2 shows the e...

Page 221: ...SECTION 13 CR23X MEASUREMENTS 13 21 FIGURE 13 5 1 Circuits Used with Instructions 4 9 ...

Page 222: ...re Slightly lower noise than 9 One differential measurement at each excitation Full Bridge polarity Ratiometric output 7 3 Wire Compensates for lead wire resistance assuming resistance is same in both Half Bridge wires Two single ended measurements at each excitation polarity Ratiometric output 8 Differential Makes a differential measurement without reversing excitation polarity or Measurement swi...

Page 223: ...ded the values of the other resistors in the bridge circuit are known TABLE 13 5 2 Calculating Resistance Values from Bridge Measurement Instr Result Instr Multiplier Offset 4 X Vx Rs Rs Rf X Vx 4 1 Vx 0 Rs Rf ________ 59 Rf 1 X Vx 1 4 1 Vx 0 Rf ____________________ 59 1 Rs X Vx 1 X Vx Rs 42 5 X Rs Rs Rf X 5 1 0 Rs Rf _____ 59 Rf 1 X 1 5 1 0 Rf _____________ 59 1 Rs X 1 X Rs 42 6 8 9 X 1000 R3 R3 ...

Page 224: ...s rapid decay The AC half bridge Instruction 5 incorporated into the 207 relative humidity measurement Instruction 12 reverses excitation polarity to provide ion depolarization and in order to minimize the time excitation is on grounds the excitation as soon as the signal is integrated Figure 13 6 1 The slow integration time should never be used with a sensor requiring AC excitation because it res...

Page 225: ...makes voltage measurements by integrating the input signal for a fixed time and then holding the integrated value for the analog to digital A D conversion The A D conversion is made by a 15 bit successive approximation using a digital to analog converter DAC The result from the approximation is DAC counts which are multiplied by coefficients to obtain millivolts mV The CR23X has an internal calibr...

Page 226: ... calibration at specific points during program execution Calibration coefficients are replaced each time that Instruction 24 is executed Unlike automatic calibration there is no time constant for the coefficients to respond in changes to calibration Instruction 24 calibration ensures that the coefficients are optimum at the time that the instruction is executed For example consider a CR23X mounted...

Page 227: ...mount the datalogger Small rubber mounting feet are installed in the four holes when shipped from the factory The four rubber feet are removed to access the four mounting holes The holes are on a 6 by 8 inch spacing An enclosure supply kit is shipped with the enclosures In the supply kit are plastic grommets and compatible screws Place the grommets in appropriate square holes then attach the datal...

Page 228: ...nal 12 VDC Below 11 0 V or above 16 volts the CR23X does not operate properly The CR23X is diode protected against accidental reversal of the positive and ground leads from the battery Input voltages in excess of 18 V may damage the CR23X and or power supply A transzorb provides transient protection by limiting voltage at approximately 20 V System operating time for the batteries can be determined...

Page 229: ...14 3 1 2 3 A 4 5 6 B 7 8 9 C 0 D FIGURE 14 3 1 CR23X Battery Pack and Panel ...

Page 230: ...urrent This means the D cells will lose approximately 35 15 Ah 9 8 Ahr 5 2 Ah of their capacity before the external power takes over The amp hour rating decreases with temperature as shown in Table 14 3 2 Datalogger Instruction 10 can be used to monitor battery voltage Replace the alkaline cells before the CR23X battery voltage drops below 11 0 V A thermal fuse in the alkaline base will allow a cu...

Page 231: ... actual lead acid battery voltage TABLE 14 3 3 CR23X Rechargeable Battery and AC Transformer Specifications Lead Acid Battery Battery Type Yuasa NP7 6 Float Life 25oC 3 years minimum Capacity 7 0 amp hour Shelf Life full charge 6 months Charge Time AC Source 40 hr full charge 20 hr 95 charge Operating temperature 15 C to 50 C charge 20 C to 60 C discharge AC Transformer Input 120 VAC 60 Hz Isolate...

Page 232: ...G and 12 V power input connector without loading or charging the internal batteries The CR23X will draw current from the source with the largest voltage When power is connected through the front panel switch control on the standard CR23X power supplies is by passed 14 6 VEHICLE POWER SUPPLY CONNECTIONS 14 6 1 CR23X WITH BATTERY BASE Some vehicle testing applications use the vehicle s 12 Volt power...

Page 233: ...entially the most destructive are primary and secondary lightning strikes Primary lightning strikes hit the datalogger or sensors directly Secondary strikes induce a voltage in power lines or sensor wires The primary devices for protection against ESD are gas discharge tubes GDT All critical inputs and outputs on the CR23X are protected with GDTs RS 232 CS I O and 12 Vin do not have GDTs The GDTs ...

Page 234: ...spark gaps for these devices must be connected to either the CR23X earth ground lug the enclosure ground or to the earth chassis ground A good earth chassis ground will minimize damage to the datalogger and sensors by providing a low resistance path around the system to a point of low potential Campbell Scientific recommends that all dataloggers in use be earth chassis grounded All components of t...

Page 235: ...ound and the CR23X ground should be connected creating one ground for the system In a laboratory application where more than one AC socket may be used to power various sensors it is not safe to assume that the power grounds are at the same potential To be safe the ground of all the AC sockets in use should be tied together with a 12 AWG wire 14 7 3 EFFECT OF GROUNDING ON SINGLE ENDED MEASUREMENTS ...

Page 236: ...ve power the principles of power control are the same Many devices can conveniently be controlled with the SW12 Switched 12 Volt port on the CR23X Table 14 8 1 shows the current sourcing limits of the SW12 port Applications requiring more control channels or greater power sourcing capacity can usually be satisfied with the use of Campbell Scientific s A21REL 12 Four Channel Relay Driver A6REL 12 S...

Page 237: ...n use remove the ten cells to eliminate potential corrosion of contact points and store in a cool dry place 14 10 1 DESICCANT The CR23X is shipped with desiccant to reduce humidity Desiccant should be changed periodically To prevent corrosion in uncontrolled or condensing atmospheres the CR23X must be placed inside a weather tight instrument enclosure with desiccant If only alkaline batteries are ...

Page 238: ... be replaced when the voltage drops below 2 4 volts If the lithium cell is removed or allowed to discharge below the safe level the CR23X will still operate correctly while powered Without the lithium battery the clock will reset and data will be lost when power is removed A replacement lithium battery can be purchased from Campbell Scientific or from an Electronics store e g Radio Shack Table 14 ...

Page 239: ...SECTION 14 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14 13 S A N Y O FIGURE 14 11 6 Removal of band clamp and battery ...

Page 240: ...SECTION 14 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14 14 This is a blank page ...

Page 241: ...ond after compilation See Section OV4 3 1 for information on the choice of an Execution Interval EXECUTION TIME The time required to execute an instruction or group of instructions If the execution time of a Program Table exceeds the table s Execution Interval the Program Table will be executed less frequently than programmed Section OV4 3 1 and 8 9 FINAL STORAGE That portion of memory allocated f...

Page 242: ...ite Transfer is controlled by the program entered in the datalogger OUTPUT ARRAY A string of data points output to Final Storage Output occurs only when the Output Flag Flag 0 is set The first point of an Output Array is the Output Array ID which gives the Program Table Number and the Instruction Location Number of the Instruction which sets the Output Flag The data points which complete the Array...

Page 243: ... SIGNATURE A number which is a function of the data and the sequence of data in memory It is derived using an algorithm which assures a 99 998 probability that if either the data or its sequence changes the signature changes SYNCHRONOUS The transmission of data between a transmitting and receiving device occurs as a series of zeros and ones For the data to be read correctly the receiving device mu...

Page 244: ...APPENDIX A GLOSSARY A 4 This is a blank page ...

Page 245: ... RS 232 Port on CR23X 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 76800 HANDSHAKE CONTROL LINES applies to control ports only REQUEST TO SEND or DATA TERMINAL READY RTS DTR The CR23X signals the sensor that it is ready to send or receive data This line is always asserted at the start of the instruction when parameter 4 digit A is greater than zero If no output is specified then the line acts like RTS and ...

Page 246: ...er byte output X can equal 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 76800 NOTE Times are shorter if CTS and or data input is done before Parameter 9 time out PARAMETER 1 REPETITIONS Parameter 1 specifies the number of sensors that can be read using the same Instruction 15 parameter configuration For example a REP of 3 is used for 3 identical sensors or 3 sensors that are satisfied by the same parameter...

Page 247: ...arity and 1 stop bit with the 8th parity bit ignored All 8 bits are checked for the terminator character Parameter 7 Example The input string 123 456 1000 0000 2333 0001 is converted to 123 456 1000 0 0 0 2333 0 and 0 0001 and placed in input locations starting at the location specified in Parameter 10 The termination character is ASCII equivalent 42 Scientific notation is not valid The string 1 2...

Page 248: ...locations to send A following the number indicates that the datalogger needs to convert the values to ASCII Entering only the number of input locations i e no implies that the values are in ASCII decimal equivalent code A 0 in Parameter 6 means to send nothing If outputting a preamble or command characters to a sensor the characters must be in the ASCII decimal equivalent code Appendix E The pream...

Page 249: ...nstruction The maximum delay is 99 99 seconds If a longer delay is required enter 1 in Parameter 9 Under this condition the program execution passes to the next instruction only when one of the other completion conditions Parameters 7 or 8 are met Consideration should be given to the power supply and current drain 45 mA when completion of Instruction 15 is delayed for an extended period PARAMETER ...

Page 250: ... used Parameters 3 and 8 must be zero and Parameter 6 must be greater than zero When DTR is asserted 5V the CR23X is telling the sensor that it is getting ready to transmit characters immediately but it first checks the state of CTS If the CTS input line is low 0V then the Datalogger will not transmit characters to the sensor Data are transmitted immediately after the delay in specified in Paramet...

Page 251: ...76800 baud 300 to 4800 also supported b it allows RS 232 level sensors to be connected to the port without additional clamping circuitry c it provides optical isolation which can improve data integrity probability P15 contains no error checking algorithms The RS 232 port is configured as a Data Communications Equipment DCE device The original intention of this port was to provide direct connection...

Page 252: ...ed will be used again Enter the actual filter search string by keying the decimal equivalent of the ASCII character see Appendix E of the CR23X Operators Manual Example GPS receiver program A common application with P15 is to read in data from a GPS receiver The GPS receivers typically have a defined serial output protocol called NMEA 0183 NMEA 0183 is an interface protocol created by the National...

Page 253: ...m Example 3 for a complete listing Table 1 Program 01 1 Execution Interval seconds READ IN SERIAL GPS DATA VIA NULL MODEM AND CR23X 9 PIN RS 232 PORT 1 Port Serial I O P15 1 1 Reps 2 03 Configuration Code RS 232 ASCII 4800 BAUD 3 1 Delay 0 01 seconds 4 9 RS 232 Port GET GPS DATA VIA CSI 9 PIN RS 232 PORT 5 0 Output Loc _________ 6 0 No of Locs to Send 7 42 Termination Character ASTERISK 8 100 Maxi...

Page 254: ...AROMETER HOOK UP Table 2 provides connection information for two TTL and one RS 232 version of data transfer Each hook up has specific advantages HOOK UP 1 This hook up demands the least power consumption typically 1 0 mA quiescent 6 0 mA active If the barometer is jumpered to output the average of one measurement the execution time of Instruction 15 is 0 5 to 0 6 seconds The barometer s shut down...

Page 255: ...nly the CR23X s RTS line connected to its shut down or DTR line to transfer data No CTS or output is required It therefore uses 2 CR23X ports as described by CONFIGURATION 1 Section B4 If one AIR barometer is connected according to Hook up 1 with only one sample output the parameters are as follows 01 1 Repetitions 02 00 Configuration code of ASCII TTL 1200 bd 03 0 CTS Delay before send does not m...

Page 256: ...r of intermediate locations consumed is dependent on the value of Parameter 8 To minimize the number of intermediate locations used Parameter 8 should be equal or one greater than the number of characters per barometer output Table 3 provides information on the number of characters to expect from various barometer modes If the barometer output contains multiple data points the input location speci...

Page 257: ...ence of failure A failure may be detected by comparing it to expected limits A bad value may be excluded from processing by temporarily setting the Intermediate Processing Disable flag flag 9 To log a failure the reading could be output immediately with the time of occurrence 01 P15 Control Port Serial I O 01 1 Repetitions 02 31 Configuration code ASCII TTL 03 1 CTS Delay before send 04 15 C1RTS D...

Page 258: ...des a loop which creates data to send the numbers are generated and stored in Input Locations 1 through 10 Instruction 15 then transfers the contents of Locations 1 through 10 to CR23X 2 Instruction 15 in CR23X 2 receives and stores the values in Input Locations 11 through 20 As shown in Figure 2 the DTR from 1 is connected to control port 8 of CR23X 2 RS 232 logic is used so DTR is 5V when assert...

Page 259: ...end Start at Loc 10 and convert 07 0 Input termination character 08 0 Max characters to receive 09 100 Delay for CTS input wait 1 sec for CTS C2 to go high 10 28 First input location If 1 sec delay expires before CTS goes high store 99999 in Loc 28 11 1 Multiplier 12 0 Offset 06 P End Table 1 Input Location Labels 1 VALUE 1 4 VALUE 4 7 VALUE 7 10 VALUE 10 2 VALUE 2 5 VALUE 5 8 VALUE 8 11 COUNTER 3...

Page 260: ... digits i e HHMMSS and will exceed the 99999 input location value limit To get around this problem data will be parsed and separated into individual input locations If the GPS receiver is to be used to keep the CR23X clock updated via P114 caution should be used when pulse count type measurements i e wind speed velocity are made This can increase or decrease the total number of counts based on if ...

Page 261: ...71 Option G 2 80 Option P 3 86 Option V 4 84 Option T 5 71 Option G 6 00 Option END OF STRING 2 7 00 Option 8 00 Option PERFORM DATA FORMATTING 04 If X F P89 1 27 X Loc RAW_TIME 2 3 3 0 F 4 30 Then Do ONLY PROCESS DATA IF GPS DATA IS AVAILABLE 05 If X F P89 1 30 X Loc RAW_AVAIL 2 1 3 1 F 4 30 Then Do PARSE TIME INTO 2 INPUT LOCATIONS 06 Z X F P37 1 27 X Loc RAW_TIME 2 01 F 3 27 Z Loc RAW_TIME 07 Z...

Page 262: ... SCAN RATE 1 SECOND 11 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc SECONDS 2 4 3 59 F 4 30 Then Do 12 Z X F P34 1 2 X Loc SECONDS 2 2 F 3 2 Z Loc SECONDS 13 End P95 AT 60 SECONDS SET SECONDS TO ZERO 14 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc SECONDS 2 1 3 60 F 4 30 Then Do 15 Z F P30 1 0 F 2 0 Exponent of 10 3 2 Z Loc SECONDS 16 End P95 ADJUST OFFSET WHEN ROLLOVER TIME IS ZERO 17 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc SECONDS 2 1 3 99 F 4 30 Then Do 18 Z F...

Page 263: ...NT X P45 1 29 X Loc RAW_LONG 2 5 Z Loc LONG_DEG 24 Z FRAC X P44 1 29 X Loc RAW_LONG 2 6 Z Loc LONG_DDD 25 Z X P31 1 30 X Loc RAW_AVAIL 2 7 Z Loc GPS_AVAIL 26 Z X P31 1 31 X Loc RAW_SATS 2 8 Z Loc NO_SATS 27 Z X P31 1 32 X Loc RAW_HDOP 2 9 Z Loc HDOP CONVERT ALTITUDE TO FEET 28 Z X F P37 1 33 X Loc RAW_ALT 2 3 281 F 3 10 Z Loc ALTITUDE 29 Z X P31 1 35 X Loc RAW_TRUE 2 11 Z Loc DEG_TRUE 30 Z X P31 1...

Page 264: ... 1 Loc HOUR_MIN SET DATALOGGER CLOCK WHEN VALID TIME AND GPS IS AVAILABLE EVERY INTERVAL 36 If Flag Port P91 1 28 Do if Flag 8 is Low 2 30 Then Do 37 Do P86 1 18 Set Flag 8 High 38 Z X F P37 1 1 X Loc HOUR_MIN 2 0 01 F 3 39 Z Loc HOURS 39 Z INT X P45 1 39 X Loc HOURS 2 39 Z Loc HOURS 40 Z X F P37 1 1 X Loc HOUR_MIN 2 0 01 F 3 40 Z Loc MINUTES__ 41 Z FRAC X P44 1 40 X Loc MINUTES__ 2 40 Z Loc MINUT...

Page 265: ... P89 1 39 X Loc HOURS 2 3 3 0 F 4 30 Then Do 3 If X F P89 1 40 X Loc MINUTES 2 4 3 60 F 4 30 Then Do 4 If X F P89 1 40 X Loc MINUTES 2 3 3 0 F 4 30 Then Do 5 If X F P89 1 41 X Loc SEC 2 4 3 60 F 4 30 Then Do 6 If X F P89 1 41 X Loc SEC 2 3 3 0 F 4 30 Then Do 7 Set Real Time Clock P114 1 0 Set Hr Min Sec from locations 2 39 Loc HOURS 8 End P95 9 End P95 10 End P95 11 End P95 12 End P95 13 End P95 ...

Page 266: ...PD_MPH W 0 1 14 _________ 0 0 15 _________ 0 0 16 _________ 0 0 17 _________ 0 0 18 _________ 0 0 19 _________ 0 0 20 _________ 0 0 21 _________ 0 0 22 _________ 0 0 23 _________ 0 0 24 _________ 0 0 25 _________ 0 0 26 _________ 0 0 27 RAW_TIME RW 4 2 28 RAW_LAT R 2 0 29 RAW_LONG R 2 0 30 RAW_AVAIL R 2 0 31 RAW_SATS R 1 0 32 RAW_HDOP R 1 0 33 RAW_ALT R 1 0 34 RAW_GEOID 0 0 35 RAW_TRUE R 1 0 36 RA...

Page 267: ...f output Altimeter modes ft 0 0 m 0 1 ft in Hg 1 0 m mb 1 1 Number of measurements averaged All modes 1 0 0 10 0 1 100 1 0 1000 1 1 Serial output baud rate Barometer mode and 9600 0 0 Altimeter mode 1200 0 1 300 1 0 110 1 1 Serial output baud rate Altimeter setting mode and 9600 0 0 Test mode 1200 0 1 300 1 0 110 1 1 Parallel output data format Bar parallel mode and ASCII coded output 0 0 Alt para...

Page 268: ...APPENDIX B CONTROL PORT SERIAL I O INSTRUCTION 15 B 24 This is a blank page ...

Page 269: ...r the new J command is available in a particular datalogger by issuing an A command to request the datalogger s status Section 5 Telecommunications If the datalogger version number is reported as V4 the datalogger OS can use the new 2413J as well as the new S T and U commands See Section 5 Telecommunications for a description of these commands The format of the J command is as follows 2413J CR abc...

Page 270: ...ag status port status if requested the data at the input locations requested in the J command and Final Storage Data if requested by the J command The format of the command is K CR K Return The datalogger will echo the K and Return and send a Line Feed The amount of data that follows depends on the J command previously executed four time bytes a user flags byte four bytes for each input location r...

Page 271: ... summed for all 24 bits The bits are arranged from MSB to LSB with the most significant as bit23 and least significant as bit0 The value that each bit represents 2 n 24 where n bit location For example if there was a 1 at bit20 it s value would be 2 20 24 or 2 4 A simple method for programming this is as follows Set Mantissa 0 Set Bit Value 0 5 For loop count 1 to 24 do the following If the MSB is...

Page 272: ...ture bytes Refer to the datalogger manual for the meaning and calculation of the signature bytes The signature in this case is a function of the first time byte through the 7F 00 HEX bytes Calculate the signature of the bytes received and compare with the signature received to determine the validity of the transmission C 2 FINAL STORAGE FORMAT CR23X data is formatted as either 2 byte LO Resolution...

Page 273: ...f four byte number G Unused bit H 17th and MSB of 17 bit binary value 2nd byte 8th 1st bit left to right of 17 bit binary value CSI defines the largest allowable range of a high resolution number to be 99999 Interpretation of the decimal locator for a 4 byte data value is given below The decimal equivalent of bits GH is the negative exponent to the base 10 BITS DECIMAL FORMAT G H A 5 digits 0 0 0 ...

Page 274: ... is repeated C 4 D COMMANDS TO TRANSFER PROGRAM WITH COMPUTER D Commands 1 and 2 when entered from the Keyboard Display and 7 have an additional 2 digit option parameters 7 is entered with the Storage Module address e g 71 The CR23X will display the command number and prompt for the option If the keyboard display is not being used the CR23X will have already set the baud rate to that of the device...

Page 275: ...ed to mark the start of actual data 4 A semicolon tells the CR23X to ignore the rest of the line and can be used after an entry so that a comment can be added There are 4 two character control codes which may be used to verify that the CR23X receives a file correctly B B 2hex 2hex Discard current buffer and reset signature C C 3hex 3hex Send signature for current buffer D D 4hex 4hex Load current ...

Page 276: ...APPENDIX C BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS C 8 This is a blank page ...

Page 277: ...3 I 105 i 10 CONTROL J 42 74 J 106 j 11 CONTROL K 43 75 K 107 k 12 CONTROL L 44 76 L 108 l 13 CONTROL M 45 77 M 109 m 14 CONTROL N 46 78 N 110 n 15 CONTROL O 47 79 O 111 o 16 CONTROL P 48 0 80 P 112 p 17 CONTROL Q 49 1 81 Q 113 q 18 CONTROL R 50 2 82 R 114 r 19 CONTROL S 51 3 83 S 115 s 20 CONTROL T 52 4 84 T 116 t 21 CONTROL U 53 5 85 U 117 u 22 CONTROL V 54 6 86 V 118 v 23 CONTROL W 55 7 87 W 11...

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Page 279: ...RAMETER 1 Four voltages must be stored sequentially beginning with the Input Loc option stated in Parameter 1 INPUT LOCATION Loc 1 Ch Thermopile mV Loc 2 Ah Upper TC mV Loc 3 Bh Lower TC mV Loc 4 Voltage Input These voltages are measured using Instruction 2 Voltages for locations 1 3 are measured on the 2 5 mV slow range The voltage for location 4 is measured on the 2500 mV slow range F2 2 CONSTAN...

Page 280: ...e a major exaggeration of F The value 0 042 cm s 1 for Vmax was determined by Dynamax to be a typical maximum At the users option Vmax Parameter 8 can be increased or decreased when the species under study is verified to be accurately measured F2 4 INSTRUCTION OUTPUT PARAMETER 9 Two output options are available Option 0 Option 1 Sapflow g h 1 Sapflow g h 1 Kshapp W mV 1 Kshapp W mV 1 dT C power in...

Page 281: ...f Pin Qv Qr Kshapp Pin Qv Loc 1 dT Loc 2 Loc 3 2 0 25 0 Sapflow Qf dT 4 186 If Par 7 µ 0 0 then go to XXXXXX If Qf 0 2 Pin and If dT Par 7 then Sapflow 0 0 If Qf 0 2 Pin and If Qf 0 0 then Sapflow 0 00001 XXXXXX If Par 8 µ 0 0 then go to YYYYYY Fmax Par 8 Par 4 If Sapflow Fmax the Sapflow Fmax YYYYYY Sapflow Sapflow Par 11 Par 12 Transfer to Input Locations beginning with Parameter 10 either short...

Page 282: ...APPENDIX F DYNAGAGE SAP FLOW P67 F 4 This is a blank page ...

Page 283: ...ossible become familiar with Callback over a simple RS232 connection using the SC32A Interface or SC929 Cable before incorporating telephone or radio options G 2 DEVELOPING A CALLBACK APPLICATION Suggested procedure 1 Establish telecommunications with the CR23X with the PC208W Datalogger Support Software For help in doing this consult the PC208W manual PC208W on screen help and the CR23X manual Li...

Page 284: ...go to PC208W Setup StationName Hardware and enter a 3 digit identification code The number you choose should be unique to the station Make a note of the baud rate and 3 digit code since these values will be used in programming the CR23X FIGURE G 2 2 Entering Callback Identification Code ...

Page 285: ... set parameters 4 5 and 6 to 0 Doing otherwise increases the risk of large long distance charges dead datalogger batteries and phone calls in the middle of the night After initial success parameters 3 through 6 can be adjusted to refine the application In most examples below the program measures a 107 temperature probe once per 10 second interval and stores an average temperature in final storage ...

Page 286: ... a 2 1 Interval same units as above 3 10 Set Output Flag High Flag 0 4 Real Time P77 1 1220 Year Day Hour Minute midnight 2400 5 Average P71 1 1 Reps 2 2 Loc TempDegC 6 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc TempDegC 2 4 3 31 F 4 11 Set Flag 1 High 7 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc TempDegC 2 3 3 32 F 4 21 Set Flag 1 Low 8 Initiate Telecommunications P97 1 11 Direct CS IO 1200 Baud Note Device Baud Code 2 1 Disabled when User...

Page 287: ...e Temp DIFF P14 1 1 Reps 2 11 10 mV Fast Range 3 5 DIFF Channel 4 1 Type T Copper Constantan 5 1 Ref Temp Deg C Loc RefTemp 6 2 Loc TempDegC 7 1 0 Mult 8 0 Offset 3 If time is P92 1 0 Minutes Seconds into a 2 1 Interval same units as above 3 10 Set Output Flag High Flag 0 4 Real Time P77 1 1220 Year Day Hour Minute midnight 2400 5 Average P71 1 1 Reps 2 2 Loc TempDegC 6 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc TempDe...

Page 288: ... Then Do 13 Do P86 1 41 Set Port 1 High 14 End P95 15 Initiate Telecommunications P97 1 21 Phone Modem 1200 Baud Note Device Baud Code 2 1 Disabled when User Flag 1 is High 3 120 Seconds Call Time Limit 4 0 Seconds Before Fast Retry 5 0 Fast Retries 6 0 Minutes before Slow Retry 7 3 Failures Loc Failures 8 123 Call back ID 16 Extended Parameters 4 Digit P68 1 1 Option First Digit of Computer s Pho...

Page 289: ...s are strictly one way so the CR23X will not retry based on the success or failure of the page Commas create a delay between the number being dialed and page numbers being transmitted Each comma causes a 2 second delay Specific applications require the number of retries and the delay to be determined by trial and error Four or five successful tests before deployment are recommended Table 1 Program...

Page 290: ...3 1 F 4 14 Set Flag 4 High 11 If Flag Port P91 1 14 Do if Flag 4 is High 2 30 Then Do 12 Z F P30 1 0 F 2 0 Exponent of 10 3 4 Z Loc ErrorLoc 13 Z F P30 1 1 F 2 0 Exponent of 10 3 5 Z Loc new_flag 14 End P95 Flag 8 is used as a page system override If flag 8 is high the CR23X will not call the pager This allows for the use of a timer to prevent call out after the initial attempt is made for a speci...

Page 291: ...P95 21 If Flag Port P91 1 28 Do if Flag 8 is Low 2 30 Then Do 22 IF X F P89 1 2 X Loc TempDegC 2 3 3 32 F 4 30 Then Do 23 Do P86 1 24 Set Flag 4 Low 24 Z F P30 1 0 F 2 0 Exponent of 10 3 5 Z Loc new_flag 25 End P95 26 Else P94 27 Do P86 1 14 Set Flag 4 High 28 End P95 Call counter disables the call out for 4 hours This is based on a 10 second program scan rate 29 IF X F P89 1 9 X Loc CallCntr 2 1 ...

Page 292: ... 4 Disabled when User Flag 4 is High 3 30 Seconds Call Time Limit 4 0 Seconds Before Fast Retry 5 0 Fast Retries 6 15 Minutes before Slow Retry 7 4 Failures Loc ErrorLoc 8 0 Data Logger ID 38 Extended Parameters P63 1 1 Option ASCII digit first digit in pager number 2 8 Option 3 0 Option 4 1 Option 5 7 Option 6 5 Option 7 0 Option 8 9 Option 39 Extended Parameters P63 1 5 Option 2 3 Option 3 4 Opt...

Page 293: ...3X to wait 2 seconds after an alarm is triggered then transmit an RS to the receiving modem The RS must be echoed by the receiving modem After the RS echo is received the CR23X must transmit an A which must be echoed then a B which must be echoed and then a C which must be echoed The CR23X then transmits the station identifying code 123 CR which must be echoed Upon receiving the echoed 123 CR the ...

Page 294: ... Retry 5 0 Fast Retries 6 0 Minutes before Slow Retry 7 1 Failures Loc Failures 8 123 Call back ID 9 Extended Parameters 4 Digit P68 1 87 Option W Wait 2 20 Option 20 2 Seconds 3 84 Option T TXMT following 4 2 Option 2 2 bytes 5 82 Option R byte 1 6 83 Option S byte 2 7 82 Option R RCV following 8 2 Option 2 2 bytes 10 Extended Parameters 4 Digit P68 1 82 Option R byte 1 2 83 Option S byte 2 3 69 ...

Page 295: ...programming requirements for the calling CR23X Section H 3 shows the programming requirements for the remote datalogger H 3 PROGRAMMING FOR THE CALLING CR23X Programming Example 2 1 uses a COM200 phone modem while Programming Example 2 2 uses a RF modem H 3 1 INSTRUCTION 97 Many of the parameters in Instruction 97 don t apply when being used to call another datalogger See Section 12 for more detai...

Page 296: ...2 or 3 commas is sufficient These characters are required to tell the remote VS1 to go into the data computer mode instead of voice After the last digit of the phone number including any voice codes or RF path after the 70 enter a 68 D as one parameter This tells the calling datalogger that it is calling another datalogger The next two parameters indicate the number of locations to retrieve and th...

Page 297: ...ta Logger ID 3 Extended Parameters P63 1 4 RF ID of repeater site 4 2 32 Space 3 1 RF ID of 2 nd site 10 4 0 5 70 F 6 68 D to call datalogger 7 3 of Locs to Collect 8 1 1st Loc to Collect 4 Extended Parameters P63 1 1 Flag to toggle in Remote Datalogger 2 0 Delay 3 13 Terminate character 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 H 4 REMOTE DATALOGGER PROGRAMMING The remote datalogger should be programmed to detect when...

Page 298: ...tion Interval 01 P91 If Flag 01 11 1 is set 02 30 Then Do 02 P10 Battery Voltage 01 1 Loc 03 P17 Panel Temperature 01 2 Loc 04 P11 Temp 107 Probe 01 1 Rep 02 1 IN Chan 03 1 Excite all reps w EXchan 1 04 3 Loc 05 1 Mult 06 0 Offset 05 P86 Do 01 21 Set low Flag 1 06 P95 End 07 P End Table 1 ...

Page 299: ...APPENDIX I TD OPERATING SYSTEM ADDENDUM FOR CR510 CR10X AND CR23X MANUALS ...

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Page 301: ...TD OPERATING SYSTEM ADDENDUM FOR CR510 CR10X AND CR23X MANUALS REVISION 1 03 COPYRIGHT 2002 2003 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC ...

Page 302: ...This is a blank page ...

Page 303: ... least one Table for each output interval One or two Final Storage Areas Data Arrays output at different intervals may share the same area and are identified by ID Term for a set of values output together Record a row of the table Array Term for individual values within the array or record Field a column of the table Element Number of elements or fields in an array or record A fixed number determi...

Page 304: ...field names For example the temperature data for the first thermocouple is referenced as HOURLY TEMP1 Computer software also allows the station to be named When multiple dataloggers are in use this can be used to reference specific data in the network If in the previous example the CR10T site was named DALLAS the first thermocouple s data values would be referenced by DALLAS HOURLY TEMP1 AD3 Conve...

Page 305: ... the editing by doing the following 1 Make a copy of the original program with the name you want the new program to have Load the original into Edlog and Save As the new name 2 Remove or comment out all Instructions 77 96 97 and 98 first three points in AD3 1 these instructions are not in the Table OS 3 Save the edited program and close it in Edlog 4 Edit the CSI file with a text editor e g Notepa...

Page 306: ...rected version Section 4 Does not apply The TD operating system does not support External Storage Peripherals Section 5 Does not apply The communications commands and protocol of the TD operating system is different than that of the standard operating systems Campbell Scientific provides software for communications a description of the protocol is beyond the scope of this addendum Section 6 Many o...

Page 307: ...ruction 98 Send Character Instruction 111 Load Program from Flash New Instructions for PakBus Instruction 190 Send or Get Input Locations Instruction 191 One way Final Storage Data Transfer Instruction 192 PakBus Message Instruction 193 Wireless Network Master Control Instruction 194 Time Until Transmit Instruction 195 Set Clock from Address Instruction 196 Wireless Remote Instruction 197 Force Ro...

Page 308: ...TABLE DATA ADDENDUM AD 6 This is a blank page ...

Page 309: ...e OV4 1 1 lists the CR10X Modes OV4 2 KEY DEFINITION Keys and key sequences have specific functions when using the CR10KD keyboard or a computer in the remote keyboard state Section 5 Table OV4 2 lists these functions In some cases the exact action of a key depends on the mode the CR10X is in and is described with the mode in the manual When using a computer terminal to communicate with the CR10X ...

Page 310: ...n interval and a 5 minute output interval the program will only be executed on the even multiples of the 5 minute intervals not on the odd Data will be output every 10 minutes instead of every 5 minutes Execution intervals are synchronized with midnight Output intervals set with Instruction 84 are synchronized with real time starting at midnight January 1 1990 OV4 4 INSTRUCTION FORMAT Instructions...

Page 311: ...Section OV1 2 Next connect the CR10X to either a CR10KD Keyboard Display or the computer Section OV3 The programming steps in the following examples use the keystrokes possible on the keyboard display With a terminal some responses will be slightly different If the CR10KD is connected to the CR10X when it is powered up the display will show Display Explanation HELLO On power up the CR10X displays ...

Page 312: ...he time into the interval 0 01 0 This parameter determines when in the output internal data is stored 0 stores data on the even interval A 02 0 000 Enter 0 and advance to the second parameter 0 02 0 This parameter specifies the output interval 0 stores data each execution A 03 0 0000 Enter 0 and advance to third parameter 1000 03 1000 00 This parameter specifies how many records to store in the ta...

Page 313: ...measure all of the thermocouples Parameter 2 is the voltage range to use when making the measurement The output of a type T thermocouple is approximately 40 microvolts per degree C difference in temperature between the two junctions The 2 5 mV scale will provide a range of 2500 40 62 5 C i e this scale will not overrange as long as the measuring junction is within 62 5 C of the panel temperature T...

Page 314: ...600 second 60 min internal 03 0 Automatically allocate of records The CR10X is programmed to measure the thermocouple temperature every sixty seconds The CR10X automatically allocates the number of records Time information is automatically stored Next the output instruction for the average is added Instruction Parameter Loc Entry Par Entry Description 04 P71 Average instruction 01 1 One repetition...

Page 315: ...tion where the instruction is to be inserted i e P in the data portion of the display key in the instruction number and then key A The new instruction will be inserted at that point in the table advance through and enter the parameters The instruction that was at that point and all instructions following it will be pushed down to follow the inserted instruction An instruction is deleted by advanci...

Page 316: ...PATIBLE PHONE MODEM COMPUTER ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS PORT 2 TWISTED PAIR WIRES UP TO 5 MI PHONE LINE COM100 CELLULAR PHONE NOTES 1 ADDITIONAL METHODS OF DATA RETRIEVAL ARE A SATELLITE TRANSMISSION B DIRECT DUMP TO PRINTER C VOICE PHONE MODEM TO VOICE PHONE OR PC WITH HAYES COMPATIBLE PHONE MODEM 2 THE DSP4 HEADS UP DISPLAY ALLOWS THE USER TO VIEW DATA IN INPUT STORAGE ALSO BUFFERS FINAL...

Page 317: ...nent record Output Instructions store data in Final Storage Data Tables The data in Final Storage can be monitored using the 7 Mode Section 2 3 Intermediate Storage is a scratch pad for Output Processing Instructions It is used to store the results of intermediate calculations necessary for averages standard deviations histograms etc Intermediate Storage is not accessible by the user Each Input or...

Page 318: ...ated PakBus Routing Table Size Set with D 15 PakBus Settings Size Set with A Operating System 96 Kbytes CR10X 128 Kbytes CR23X Active Program 16 Kbytes Input and Final Storage Lables 16 Kbytes SRAM Total 128 Kbytes Flash Memory EEPROM Flash EEPROM Optional in CR10X Final Storage Additional 524 288 locations per Mbyte How it works The Operating System is loaded into Flash Memory at the factory Syst...

Page 319: ...enty eight is the minimum number of Input locations allowed Intermediate Storage and Final Storage are erased when the number of Input locations is changed This feature may be used to clear memory without altering programming The number of locations does not actually need to be changed the same value can be keyed in and entered Intermediate Storage and Program Memory are automatically allocated Al...

Page 320: ...4 Program Storage Area full E 95 Program does not exist in flash E 96 Storage Module not connected or wrong address E 97 Data not encountered within 30 sec E 98 Uncorrectable errors detected E 99 Wrong type of file or Editor Error 1 8 1 ERASING CURRENT PROGRAM The 7 command may be used to delete the current program as show in Table 1 8 3 TABLE 1 8 3 Deleting Current Datalogger Program Key entry Di...

Page 321: ...ogger is not to be used as a PakBus device 1 4094 is legal the default is 1 A 01 xxxx If the datalogger is to be used a a router enter the maximum number of nodes PakBus Addresses to allocate space for in the pakbus network 0 leafnode 0 router A 02 xxxx Enter the maximum number of neighbors in the pakbus network to allocate space for This parameter is used only if datalogger is used as a router 01...

Page 322: ...D 13 00 Enter Command 18A Enter the beacon interval settings A 01 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for SDC7 A 02 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for SDC8 A 03 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for CS I O Pin Enabled 9600 baud A 04 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for RS232 9600 baud CR23X only 1 8 12 PAKBUS NEIGHBOR FILTER In some networks sending beacons can be disruptive Entering values in the D19 m...

Page 323: ... how long until any automatically allocated Data Storage Tables fill All Data Storage Tables are in a ring configuration such that the oldest records are overwritten by new records once the table is full The sizes are given as the number of records A record can be thought of as a row of data where each field i e column is a data value associated with an Output Processing Instruction The order and ...

Page 324: ...TD ADDENDUM SECTION 1 FUNCTIONAL MODES AD 1 8 This is a blank page ...

Page 325: ...tion 1 9 The TD datalogger supports naming of tables and fields so any data value can be referenced by the table and field names For example the temperature data for the first thermocouple is referenced as HOURLY TEMP1 As Data Tables are allocated in the datalogger program some Final Storage Memory is reallocated for the storage of these labels and other data table overhead NOTE All Data Storage T...

Page 326: ... 2 Storage Number of Final Storage Locations available for Data Storage Tables Section 1 5 2 Tables Number of user created Data Tables DaysFull Size in days of the Data Storage Tables using automatic record allocation See Instruction 84 Holes Number of missed records or holes in all Data Storage Tables Section 2 1 1 PrgmSig Signature of program memory program Same as B mode first window Section 1 ...

Page 327: ... size of the number determines the resolution of the arithmetic A rough approximation of the resolution is that it is better than 1 in the seventh digit For example the resolution of 97 386 924 is better than 10 The resolution of 0 0086731924 is better than 0 000000001 A precise calculation of the resolution of a number may be determined by representing the number as a mantissa between 5 and 1 mul...

Page 328: ...wing any of the fields within the record The A and B key are used move through the four time values for the record The C and D keys can be used to move to newer or older records and view the same time value of the new record Pressing the key again while viewing time or using the A or B keys to advance or back beyond the time values will return the display to the same field as was displayed when th...

Page 329: ...ut IF 25 Compile ELSE without IF 26 Compile EXIT LOOP without LOOP 27 Compile IF CASE without BEGIN CASE 28 Compile At compile time no output specified after P84 or unable to automatically allocate at least one record per P84 29 Compile Output table requests more memory than available 30 Compile IF and or LOOP nested too deep 31 Run Time SUBROUTINES nested too deep 32 Compile Instruction 3 and int...

Page 330: ...a Transfer full 95 Program Program does not exist in Transfer Flash memory 96 Program Addressed Transfer device not connected 97 Program Data not received within Transfer 30 seconds 98 Program Uncorrectable errors Transfer detected 99 Program Wrong file type or editor Transfer error ...

Page 331: ...nnot be used the algorithm for computing this average must be programmed by the user The following example demonstrates a program for computing a running average In this example each time a new measurement is made in this case a thermocouple temperature an average is computed for the 10 most recent samples This is done by saving all 10 temperatures in contiguous input locations and using the Spati...

Page 332: ... 60 Hz rejection Range 03 3 IN Chan 04 5 Loc XX_mg_M3 05 10 Mult 06 0 Offset 02 P84 Data Table 01 0 Seconds into interval 02 3600 Seconds interval 03 3 Records 0 auto redirect 03 P71 Average 01 1 Rep 02 5 Loc XX_mg_M3 04 P51 Spatial Average 01 3 Swath 02 1 First Loc AVG_i2 03 4 Avg Loc Avg_3_HR 05 P84 Data Table 01 0 Seconds into interval 02 3600 Seconds interval 03 0 Records 0 auto redirect 06 P7...

Page 333: ...block out of the circuit when it is not being measured This eliminates the need for the blocking capacitors used in the model 227 Soil Moisture Block The 223 blocks are about one fifth the cost of the 227 blocks Control ports are used to reset the AM416 and clock it through its channels The program sequence is Measure the 107 probe located at the AM416 for TC temperature reference CR10 sets the po...

Page 334: ...p Count 04 P86 Do 01 72 Pulse Port 2 05 P14 Thermocouple Temp DIFF 01 1 Rep 02 21 2 5 mV 60 Hz rejection Range 03 1 IN Chan 04 1 Type T Copper Constantan 05 1 Ref Temp Loc REF_TEMP 06 2 Loc TC_TEMP_1 07 1 Mult 08 0 Offset 06 P5 AC Half Bridge 01 1 Rep 02 14 250 mV fast Range 03 3 IN Chan 04 1 Excite all reps w EXchan 1 05 250 mV Excitation 06 18 Loc SOIL_M_1 07 1 Mult 08 0 Offset 07 P95 End 08 P86...

Page 335: ...is example has the 2 pulse inputs also reading rain gages In a real situation it is more likely that the pulse counters would be used for 2 wind speeds In Program Table 1 the 2 normal pulse inputs are read and the hourly totals output to Final Storage with Instruction 72 The rain gage is connected as diagrammed below When the switch closes 5 volts is applied to port 8 which causes the subroutine t...

Page 336: ... to output wind vector and average temperature and solar radiation every hour Input Location Labels 1 WS 2 WD_360 3 TEMP_F 4 Solar_Rad 5 WS_output 6 WD540_out 7 TEMP_out 8 SR_out 10 WD_540 1 Table 1 Programs 01 5 Sec Execution Interval 01 P3 Pulse 01 1 Rep 02 1 Pulse Input Chan 03 22 Switch closure Output Hz 04 1 Loc WS 05 1 789 Mult 06 1 Offset 02 P4 Excite Delay Volt SE 01 1 Rep 02 14 250 mV fas...

Page 337: ... 0 540 degrees 360 degrees must sometimes be added to the reading when it is in the range of 0 to 180 The following algorithm does this by assuming that if the previous reading was less than 270 the vane has shifted through 180 degrees and does not need to be altered If the previous 0 540 reading was greater than 270 360 degrees is added This example is written as a subroutine used by the previous...

Page 338: ...tage of 1500 mV yields a maximum signal of 7 489 mV at 50 PSI fully utilizing the 7 5 mV Input Range to provide the best resolution The multiplier m is calculated to provide depth of water in feet m 50 psi 4 993 mV V 2 3067 ft psi m 23 099 ft mV V The offset is calculated to provide a final value that represents the distance from the lip of the well to the water surface Similar to Figure 7 16 2 th...

Page 339: ...31 Exit Loop if true 20 P95 End 21 P End Table 1 3 Table 3 Subroutines 01 P85 Beginning of Subroutine 01 1 Subroutine Number 02 P6 Full Bridge 01 1 Rep 02 22 7 5 mV 60 Hz rejection Range 03 1 IN Chan 04 1 Excite all reps w EXchan 1 05 1500 mV Excitation 06 1 Loc LEVEL_FT 07 46199 Mult 08 102 Offset 03 P84 Data Table 01 0 Seconds into interval 02 0 Every time 03 0 Records 0 auto redirect 04 P70 Sam...

Page 340: ...TD ADDENDUM SECTION 8 PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES AD 8 10 This is a blank page ...

Page 341: ...or a number greater than the maximum value of the time date for the modulo divide will result in the actual time date value being stored PARAMETER 1 CODES Code Time Date Units 00 Seconds into day maximum 86400 01 Minutes into day maximum 1440 02 Hours into year maximum 8784 03 Hours into day maximum 24 04 Day of month maximum 31 05 Month of year maximum 12 06 YR MO DAY HR MIN SEC PARAM DATA NUMBER...

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Page 343: ...Time of minimum optional 03 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 for each input location plus 1 with time of min option 84 DATA TABLE FUNCTION Instruction 84 is used to define a table of final storage data New records of data are stored in the table based on time interval data or when a user flag CR10X flags 1 8 is set event data Time based output intervals are specified in seconds Fra...

Page 344: ...er of records and some tables are automatically allocated the specified records will be allocated first and then the remaining memory will be divided among the automatically allocated tables such that they will be filled at the same time The Star 9 mode gives the size of all tables and the period in days before any automatically allocated table fills If x is entered the processed results are retur...

Page 345: ... of PakBus communication All dataloggers in the PakBus network require a unique address The address for TD dataloggers is set in the D15 mode The address for the CR200 datalogger s is set using Pakcom software or LoggerNet version 2 1 or greater Communication Notes PakBus dataloggers are also capable of Modbus communication The Modbus packet can ride on top of the PakBus packet or can be send inde...

Page 346: ...datalogger Automatic retries if adequate time is allocated CON limitations Separate data files for each logger Both the Remote Sensor CR205 and the Master Datalogger need to be programmed to handle the data Data collection should be scheduled to avoid conflicts with datalogger to datalogger communication Both the Remote Sensor CR205 and the Master Datalogger need to be programmed to handle the dat...

Page 347: ...R23X Router if used must send appropriate header Router if used must send appropriate header RF on header to match CR205 setting to allow contacting CR205 Beacon Interval 0 0 0 RF400 on computer RF on header to match neighbors settings RF on header to match neighbors settings RF on header to match neighbors settings LoggerNet Settings When RF400 with direct access to network is connected to comput...

Page 348: ...port that will be used by the local PakBus datalogger during the execution of this instruction Valid options are Code Description 0 Modem Enabled Device 300 1 Modem Enabled Device 1200 2 Modem Enabled Device 9600 3 Modem Enabled Device 76800 4 Modem Enabled Device 2400 5 Modem Enabled Device 4800 6 Modem Enabled Device 19200 7 Modem Enabled Device 38400 16 SDC 6 COM 310 17 SDC 7 18 SDC 8 Note The ...

Page 349: ...le Coils Modbus command 16 Preset Multiple Registers Modbus command 21 Receive input location data from another datalogger Pakbus command 22 Send input location data to another datalogger Pakbus command 26 Get Value 27 Set Value 61 Read Coil Status Modbus command 62 Read Input Status Modbus command 63 Read Holding Registers Modbus command 64 Read Input Registers Modbus command 65 Force Single Coil...

Page 350: ...cation data to another datalogger If the security code in this instruction does not match the security code of the remote datalogger the remote datalogger will discard the message and the failure will be indicated in the local datalogger by an incremental change in the Result Code Location parameter 8 If security is not set in the remote datalogger or if command 21 is used for parameter 3 this par...

Page 351: ...ted Local Location PakBus Communication If data is being received from another datalogger in the PakBus network Parameter 3 set to 21 this is the first input location in which to store the data If data is being sent to another datalogger in the PakBus network Parameter 3 set to 22 this is the first input location for the swath of input locations that will be sent to the remote datalogger Notes If ...

Page 352: ...op Send Final Storage Data P191 A program control instruction that transfers final storage data from one or more tables in a PakBus datalogger to a computer 2 PakBus Send Final Storage Data P191 1 00 Port 2 0000 Address 3 0000 Table ID 4 00 Flag Table ID The ID for the data table that should be sent to the computer using this instruction If the ID is set to 0 then all final storage tables will be ...

Page 353: ...ally initiate the transfer of data Data transfer is initiated by the wireless sensor Multiple Instruction 193s can be used in a program to configure up to four different groups of dataloggers wireless sensors A group is determined by the First Remote Address and the Number of Remotes A datalogger wireless sensor can only belong to one group An error message will occur E81 if a datalogger wireless ...

Page 354: ... minutes past the hour the Time into Transmit Interval would be set at 900 and the Transmit Interval would be set at 3600 Transmit Interval The transmission interval in seconds that will be assigned to the group of dataloggers remote sensors being set up with this instruction The valid range is 1 through 9999 The wireless sensors will actually begin transmitting before the specified transmission t...

Page 355: ...smission time occurs The Transmit Delay Between Remotes is factored into to the transmit time assigned to each remote Example Assume 4 wireless remotes in a network with the first having an address of 1 and the remainder of the remotes addressed consecutively The transmission time is set at 900 seconds into a 3600 second interval 15 minutes past each hour If Transmit Delay Between Remotes is set a...

Page 356: ...the Result Code Location will be 0 after the execution of Instruction 193 If data transfer is unsuccessful the Result Code Location for the remote that failed will be incremented and will continue to increment with each failed attempt Seconds Until Transmit P194 A program control instruction that places in an input location the number of seconds until it is time to transmit data to the host datalo...

Page 357: ...mber between 1 and 4095 Wireless Network Remote P196 A program control instruction that is used to set up a remote datalogger to act as a wireless sensor controller in a PakBus network Communication with the host master datalogger is dictated by the host datalogger A communication time is assigned to the remote datalogger when communication is first accomplished with the host The remote datalogger...

Page 358: ...oes not match the security code of the master datalogger the master datalogger will discard the message and the failure will be indicated in the local datalogger by an incremental change in the Result Code Location parameter 8 If security is not set in the master datalogger this parameter can be left at 0 For additional information on security codes see Program Security Enter the level 2 security ...

Page 359: ...he destination datalogger This information is set in the datalogger s routing table 8 PakBus Force Route P197 1 00 Port 2 0000 Neighbor s Address 3 0000 Address 4 00 Hops Note For communications paths where there are multiple hops this instruction fixes only the first hop Neighbor s Address The address of the first hop or repeater in the PakBus network that the datalogger should use in communicati...

Page 360: ...g Table Information P199 1 0000 First Loc ______________ Parameter 1 specifies the first input location in which to begin storing the information For each route there are 3 pieces of information returned 1 The PakBus Address of the Destination datalogger 2 The PakBus address of any datalogger used as a hop to the Destination datalogger 3 The Response Metric in seconds each hop takes 1 second A 1 i...

Page 361: ...bled then those settings will not be changed when the program is downloaded to the datalogger Network The Network option is used to set the PakBus address in the datalogger and to configure the datalogger as a router if required This option is the same as the datalogger s D19 mode Address Enter the PakBus address that should be assigned to the datalogger Maximum number of nodes Enter the total num...

Page 362: ...mmunication from the neighbors If communication is not received from a neighbor within 2 5 times this interval then the datalogger will attempt to issue another hello command to that datalogger only thus creating less network traffic than the Beacon Interval The expected interval is entered into the Communication Interval field in seconds The neighbors are defined by entering their addresses into ...

Page 363: ...e SDM CD16AC Activate Serial Data Output Instruction 96 4 1 12 6 Interrupts during 6 3 Programming examples OV 16 8 8 Using Storage Module with 4 5 Alkaline power supply 14 3 AM25T Solid State Thermocouple Multiplexer Programming example 8 13 AM416 Multiplexer 8 3 Analog inputs OV 3 OV 4 Analog output OV 3 OV 4 Analog to Digital A D conversion 13 1 AND construction Logical 3 5 Anemometer Photochop...

Page 364: ...Via telemetry 5 1 With external peripherals 4 1 With other dataloggers H 1 Communication Protocol OV 11 5 1 6 7 Troubleshooting 6 7 Compiling Data 1 5 Errors 3 9 Program 1 3 Computation of Running Average 8 1 10 4 Computer Connecting to serial port OV 11 Save load program D Mode 1 11 Use with SC32A OV 12 6 5 Connecting Power to the CR23X OV 3 OV 5 14 2 Control Port Expansion Module with Drivers se...

Page 365: ... 8 4 8 9 8 10 DPTR 2 2 Druck PDCR 930 depth pressure transducer Programming example 7 7 DSP 2 1 DSR Data Set Ready 6 6 DTE Data Terminal Equipment pin configuration 6 6 DTR Data Terminal Ready 6 6 B 1 Duplex Definition 6 7 Dynagage Sap Flow Instruction 67 F 1 E Earth Ground OV 4 14 6 Editing datalogger programs OV 18 Editor errors 3 9 EDLOG OV 11 OV 12 OV 14 1 1 ELSE Instruction 94 12 6 Programmin...

Page 366: ...e 6 5 High resolution and Memory size 2 1 Definition A 1 Programming Output Format see Set High or Low Resolution Instruction 78 Range limits 2 3 Histogram Rainflow Instruction 81 11 5 Histogram Standard and Weighted Value Instruction 75 11 3 I ID Set Datalogger ID 1 13 Read Datalogger ID Instruction 117 9 23 If Case X F Instruction 83 12 1 If Flag Port Instruction 91 12 5 Programming example 8 7 ...

Page 367: ...FLASH memory 1 11 Logarithmic Sampling 8 9 Loop Instruction 87 12 2 Counter Definition A 2 Definition A 2 Index see Step Loop index Instruction 90 Programming examples 8 3 8 10 12 3 Low Pass Filter Instruction 58 10 6 Programming example 8 21 Low resolution and Memory size 2 1 Definition A 2 Programming Output Format see Set High or Low Resolution Instruction 78 Range limits 2 3 Low voltage power ...

Page 368: ... Instruction 96 4 2 12 7 Output Flag Description 3 3 Example of setting OV 14 Setting to interval 1 minute 8 5 Output interval OV 8 A 2 Output Processing Instructions 3 2 11 1 Definition OV 8 A 2 Memory and execution times 3 7 Overrange detection 3 2 Overrun errors 1 1 1 9 Overrun execution 1 1 P Panel Temperature Instruction 17 9 9 Programming examples OV 14 8 1 Parameter Data types 3 1 Definitio...

Page 369: ...OV 18 Sample program 1 OV 14 Sample program 2 OV 16 Programming the CR23X OV 12 Protection from the environment 14 1 Lightning 14 5 Moisture x 14 1 14 8 Reverse polarity 14 2 Temperature 14 1 Transient OV 4 14 1 14 5 PS9104E Instruction 29 9 16 Psychrometer programming example 12 3 Pulse Count Instruction 3 9 1 Programming examples 7 3 7 4 8 5 8 6 Pulse inputs OV 3 OV 4 Pulse port with duration In...

Page 370: ...es Security 1 11 Send Character Instruction 98 12 9 Sensors Connecting to Wiring Panel OV 3 Effect of lead length on signal settling time 13 4 Settling errors for CSI resistive sensors 13 8 Serial Input Output Control Port Serial I O Instruction 15 B 1 General OV 4 OV 5 6 1 Pin Description 6 1 Programming example OV 16 8 8 Serial Out Instruction 96 4 1 12 6 Set Active Storage Area Instruction 80 1...

Page 371: ...5 1 Automatic time out from 5 2 Commands 5 3 Key definitions OV 11 Password Security 5 4 Remote keyboard OV 11 5 5 Telecommunication states 5 4 with Binary responses C 1 Telecommunications Command OV 12 Telecommunications Modem Pointer MPTR 2 2 Temp 107 see 107 Thermistor Probe Instruction 11 Temp Module see Internal Temperature Instruction 17 Temp RTD see Temperature from Platinum R T D Instructi...

Page 372: ...truction 69 11 1 Programming example 8 7 Wiring Panel 9 Pin Port Description 6 1 Connecting to Vehicle Power Supply 14 5 Description OV 1 14 7 X X F Instruction 37 10 2 Programming examples 7 19 8 13 X Y Instruction 36 10 2 X F Instruction 34 10 1 Programming examples 7 19 7 29 8 8 8 9 X Y Instruction 33 10 1 Programming examples 7 19 8 18 X Y Instruction 35 10 1 Programming examples 7 19 8 23 X 1...

Page 373: ...This is a blank page ...

Page 374: ...w campbellsci com br suporte campbellsci com br Campbell Scientific Canada Corp CSC 11564 149th Street NW Edmonton Alberta T5M 1W7 CANADA www campbellsci ca dataloggers campbellsci ca Campbell Scientific Ltd CSL Campbell Park 80 Hathern Road Shepshed Loughborough LE12 9GX UNITED KINGDOM www campbellsci co uk sales campbellsci co uk Campbell Scientific Ltd France Miniparc du Verger Bat H 1 rue de T...

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