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PQFA Instructions Manual

Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S.A.

44

7. Cubicles interconnections

7.1.

Introduction

This section explains how to connect PQF cubicles (Master-Slave or Slave-
Slave) when they do not come connected from the factory or case or on-site
extension.

The section starts with mechanical installation.

Electrical connections are then described: interconnections between cubicles
and with the supply

All cables needed to make the connections are supplied with the units.

7.2.

Mechanical installation

The side panels of the cubicles to be interconnected have first to be removed
(except the outside one of the Master and last Slave cubicles).

The provided divider panel seal has to be fixed on the interior frame between
cubicles.
Cubicles are then interconnected at 6 fixation points as indicated in Figure
3.1.
The baying kit is provided with the cubicles (not the tools).

Figure 7.1. Mechanical installation

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Summary of Contents for PQFA

Page 1: ...Instructions Manual PQFA Power Quality Filter ABB Jumet ...

Page 2: ...AND EXTERNAL PROTECTION 29 6 3 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS CONTROL CABLES SELECTION 32 6 4 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS INSTALLATION 34 6 4 1 CT s connection to the PQFA 34 6 4 2 CT s connection topology cases 36 6 4 2 1 Case 1 Global compensation one feeding transformer 36 6 4 2 2 Case 2 Individual compensation one feeding transformer 37 6 4 2 3 Case 3 global compensation transformer busbar not accessible 38 6 ...

Page 3: ...AVIOR IN CASE OF POWER OUTAGE 66 10 4 BUTTONS LIGHTS AND LED S SIGNIFICATION 67 10 4 1 Master cubicle 67 10 4 2 Slave cubicle 67 10 4 3 PQF Manager 68 10 4 4 Control rack 69 10 5 PROGRAMMING WITH PQF PROG 70 10 5 1 Filter operation principle 70 10 5 2 Starting 71 10 5 3 Programming the filter 73 10 6 PROGRAMMING WITH PQF MANAGER 75 10 6 1 Filter operation principle 75 Keys identification 76 10 6 3...

Page 4: ...l __________________________________________________________________________ Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 4 12 MAINTENANCE 96 12 1 MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY 96 12 2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE 96 12 3 FAN 97 12 4 CAPACITORS REFORMING 97 ...

Page 5: ...n a powered PQFA After switching off the mains always wait at least 5 minutes before working on the unit in order to allow the discharge of DC capacitors through the discharge resistors DC capacitors might be charged to more than 1000V Before manipulating current transformers make sure that the secondary is short circuited Never open the secondary of a loaded current transformer You must always we...

Page 6: ...proper identification during the whole life of the filter 2 3 Storage PQFA packing is made for a storage period of maximum six months transport time included from delivery date EXW ABB Jumet factory Packing for longer storage period can be done on request If your PQFA is not installed once unpacked it should be stored in a clean indoor dry dust free and non corrosive environment The storage temper...

Page 7: ...nd the peak value of the undistorted waveform are defined as 100 The peaks of the fundamental component and the distortion components are assumed to be aligned It may be seen that the distorted waveform which contains harmonics up to the 25th harmonic has a peak value that is twice the value of the undistorted waveform and a RMS value that is 10 higher Peak 100 133 168 204 RMS 100 105 108 110 Figu...

Page 8: ... measured distorting harmonic current The original harmonics are thereby cancelled The principle is shown in figure 3 2 Figure 3 2 Principle of active filtering The control of the active filter in combination with the active generation of the compensating current allows for a concept that may not be overloaded Harmonic currents exceeding the capacity of the active filter will remain on the network...

Page 9: ...dge and there is no need of external power source Obviously the DC voltage level must always be higher than the peak value of the network voltage in order to be able to inject currents to the network To control the active filter the choice stands between open loop and closed loop current control Under open loop current control the harmonics currents are measured on the load side of the active filt...

Page 10: ... the physical signals needed by the PQFA the three line currents have obviously to be measured Standard CTs with 5A secondary are usually sufficient Those analogue signals must first be acquired levelled and antialias filtered before digitalisation Fast and high precision analogue to digital converters are used to create a digital representation of the analogue signals The digitised signals are th...

Page 11: ...nics that can be filtered determines directly the quality of the resulting current This is illustrated in figure 3 5 which shows the filtered waveforms obtained by filtering up to different harmonic levels a Filtering up to the 13th harmonic b Filtering up to the 25th harmonic c Filtering up to the 50th harmonic Figure 3 5 Waveforms obtained by eliminating the harmonic components of a rectangular ...

Page 12: ...le according to the wishes of the user Moreover all typical harmonics generated by three phase non linear loads may be filtered simultaneously 3 4 2 Reactive power Besides the filtering functionality reactive power compensation is also possible with the active filter Compared to traditional capacitor banks the reactive compensation of the PQFA is continuous stepless fast and smooth no transients a...

Page 13: ...reafter Output Filter PWM inverter Main Breaker Power Lines PWM Reactors Preload The main components are PWM inverter PWM reactors Output filer Preloading circuit The current generator is physically organised in power modules each including a PWM inverter three PWM reactors and the output filter Each PQFA cubicle may contain one or two power modules There is one breaker and one preloading circuit ...

Page 14: ...ert the voltage created by the PWM inverter into currents that will be injected in the network The output filter consists in line reactors and an RC shunt circuit The function of the preloading circuit is to avoid at start up high inrush currents that could damage the power electronics or create transients in the network 4 1 2 The control For best performances the control of the PQFA is Digital Si...

Page 15: ...utput including the command of the PWM inverter More dedicated to control than to calculations this microcontroller ensures for instance the closing of relays and contactors One control unit may command up to 8 power modules 4 2 Components identification Control PWM inverter module 2 PWM inverter module 1 Domino board Circuit breaker Fan Output filter capacitor Auxiliary voltage transformer PQF Ma...

Page 16: ...rminal Sace wiring Fan M101 fan motor K101 fan contactor X9 terminal block motor connection wiring F101 motor overload protection Auxiliaries Q101 breaker for auxiliaries T101 auxiliary voltage transformer PWM inverter U11 module 1 U21 module 2 A117 module 1 domino board A118 module 2 domino board Output filter C11_12_13A B Module 1 output filter capacitor C21_22_23A B Module 2 output filter capac...

Page 17: ...pply 5V X1 Terminal block digital I O wiring X4 Terminal block current input wiring X2 Terminal block analog input wiring X10 Terminal power supply wiring X6 Terminal current input wiring A67 AC voltage board Door components S102 RESET push button S101 RUN push button S104 Remote local switch H101 White lamp controller connected to supply auxiliary breaker closed H102 Red lamp MCB closed H103 Gree...

Page 18: ...FA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 18 X10 Terminal power supply wiring X11 Terminal DC bus wiring X12 Terminal signaling wiring X13 Terminal inter cubicles wiring A104 DC voltage convertor ...

Page 19: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 19 Master cubicle view Zoom on next page ...

Page 20: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 20 ...

Page 21: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 21 Control rack details ...

Page 22: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 22 Master cubicle door view ...

Page 23: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 23 Auxiliary cubicle view Zoom on next page ...

Page 24: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 24 ...

Page 25: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 25 Slave cubicle door view ...

Page 26: ... For units with nominal voltage above 415V the rear side of the cubicles must be located at least at 100mm from the wall as represented in the sketch hereunder PQFA cubicles have standard dimensions of 800 x 600 x 2150 mm width x depth x height Each cubicle may contain one or two power modules and is fitted with its own bottom cable entry and breaker For systems with more than 2 power modules cubi...

Page 27: ...u may experience excessive temperature rise For proper cooling of the PQFA a minimum airflow of 6000 m3 h of cooling air has to be supplied to the each fan of the unit Please ensure the air used for cooling is regularly renewed and does not contain conductive particles significant amounts of dust or corrosive or otherwise harmful gases The cooling air intake temperature cannot exceed 40 C under an...

Page 28: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 28 ...

Page 29: ...of the corresponding cubicle one or two power modules where X is a multiplication factor which allows to take into account the skin effect This multiplication factor is the result of an iterative calculation and can be determined by means of the following process Important remark please note that the following process is made to take into account the skin effect only Other deratings due to local s...

Page 30: ...1 02 1 03 1 02 1 04 50 1 03 1 06 1 04 1 08 70 1 05 1 1 1 06 1 13 95 1 08 1 16 1 10 1 21 120 1 11 1 30 1 15 1 30 150 1 16 1 30 1 21 1 39 185 1 22 1 41 1 28 1 50 240 1 31 1 55 1 40 1 66 300 1 41 1 70 1 52 1 84 Table Multiplication factors for different cable types Examples Please note that the following examples are given for information only see important remark above Example n 1 PQF L 80A 480V 60h...

Page 31: ...on is equal to the section found in the previous step Result one copper cable of 95 mm2 per phase Example n 3 PQFA B 427A 400V 50hz Step 1 IN 427A cable section 300 mm2 Step 2 multiplication factor for a 300 mm2 copper cable at 50hz 1 70 Step 3 I IN x 1 70 427 A x 1 70 726 A Step 4 I 726A cable section 2 x 185 mm2 Step 5 multiplication factor for a 185 mm2 copper cable at 50hz 1 41 Step 6 I IN x 1...

Page 32: ...ss 1 accuracy or better Ratio limit above maximum line current In case the CT s are shared with other loads the VA burden shall be adapted and the connection of the different loads including the PQFA must be in series Twin 2 5 mm control cable is the most suitable for this application In order to determine the suitable CT s for your application please refer to the following chart Note for top cabl...

Page 33: ... VA Class 1 accuracy or better NO Section of CT cables 2 5 mm recommended Determine the length of CT cables meters L m X3 L x 0 007 x 25 10 X3 VA Select 3 identical CT s such that rating at primary X2 rating at secondary 5A Burden X3 VA Class 1 accuracy or better Determine the length m and resistance m of CT cables meters L m R m X4 L x R x 25 10 X4 VA Select 3 identical CT s such that rating at p...

Page 34: ...e correct direction around the power cable the K or P1 side should be in the direction of the supply and the L or P2 side should be in the direction of the load 6 4 1 CT s connection to the PQFA The connections between the CT s and the filter must satisfy the following scheme The k terminal of line 1 CT is connected to terminal X5 1 of the filter The l terminal of line 1 CT is connected to termina...

Page 35: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 35 L1 L2 L3 Loadside Supply side K L k l K L k l K L k l PQF X5 2 X5 3 X5 4 X5 5 X5 6 X5 1 L1 L2 L3 X5 ...

Page 36: ... order Case 1 Global compensation one feeding transformer Case 2 Individual compensation one feeding transformer Case 3 Global compensation transformer busbar not accessible Case 4 Two independent feeding transformers Case 5 Back up generator Please bear in mind that the active filter always needs 3 CT s one per phase 6 6 4 4 2 2 1 1 C Ca as se e 1 1 G Gl lo ob ba al l c co om mp pe en ns sa at ti...

Page 37: ...c co om mp pe en ns sa at ti io on n o on ne e f fe ee ed di in ng g t tr ra an ns sf fo or rm me er r Instead of installing one active filter in central position it also possible to connect the active filter and its CT s so that it compensates one particular load only In the example hereafter the active filter PQF is connected to compensate Load 1 only It does not see load 2 Figure 6 3 Individual...

Page 38: ...ter the loads of side A and side B but the transformer busbar not being accessible the CT s cannot be installed in central position Figure 6 4 Transformer busbar with no access single line diagram For this configuration three CT s one per phase have to be installed on side A et on side B in total 6 CT s Those CT s will then feed 3 summation CT s one per phase that are connected to the active filte...

Page 39: ...5 5A The summation CT is then connected to the active filter in accordance with chapter 6 4 1 A total of 3 summation CT s one per phase must be used The CT ratio to be programmed in the filter is 2X 5 The CT summator PQF connection is represented here below This has to be done for each phase LOADS Side A LOADS Side B PQF Summation CT one per phase Primary 1 5 A Primary 2 5A Secondary 5A CT 1 one p...

Page 40: ...ie is normally open feeds two different set of loads One active filter is fitted on each LV busbar This system may however also work in degraded mode the tie is closed and only one transformer feeds the whole LV system By connecting the CT s as described hereafter it is still possible to filter properly the harmonics and to correct the power factor Figure 6 7 Two independent transformers single li...

Page 41: ...tion CT which is connected to PQF2 Those summation CT s must be 5 5 5 A Condition 1 the tie is open PQF1 sees I1 and PQF2 sees I2 I0 0 The two transformers work independently and the total current to be compensated is I1 I2 Condition 2 the tie is closed but both transformers feed the loads In this configuration PQF1 sees I1 I0 and PQF2 sees I2 I0 The total current seen by the two filters is I1 I2 ...

Page 42: ... up p g ge en ne er ra at to or r Many installations are fitted with back up generators to ensure the proper operation of the installation in case of mains power outage A typical configuration is given here below Figure 6 9 Back up generator typical single line diagram The CT connection must be such that the active filter works whatever the type of supply generators or transformer MV network For e...

Page 43: ...FA is installed have large harmonic content and it is highly recommended that capacitor banks be fitted with detuning reactors The harmonics below the tuning frequency of the bank have also to be deselected The following table indicates the harmonics to be deselected for main types of detuned banks Detuned bank type Harmonics to be deselected 5 67 2 3 4 6 2 3 4 7 2 3 14 2 For other types of detune...

Page 44: ...terconnections between cubicles and with the supply All cables needed to make the connections are supplied with the units 7 2 Mechanical installation The side panels of the cubicles to be interconnected have first to be removed except the outside one of the Master and last Slave cubicles The provided divider panel seal has to be fixed on the interior frame between cubicles Cubicles are then interc...

Page 45: ... the master and slave cubicles must be connected Each slave cubicle comes from the factory with two cables connected on the and poles of the DC bus Those cables must be entered in the power modules case of the next cubicle through the corresponding holes as represented on Picture 7 1 Picture 7 1 DC bus interconnection The cables are then fixed to the terminals of the DC bus of the next cubicle ...

Page 46: ...7 3 3 1 1 2 2 C Co on nt tr ro ol l c co on nn ne ec ct ti io on n Each slave cubicle comes from the factory with a bunch of 7 cables connected to terminal X13 Those cables fed a common Wago connector that has to be connected to terminal X13 of the next cubicle starting connection with the bunch of the last slave Picture 7 2 Be very careful about the polarity when connecting the DC bus Module 2 Mo...

Page 47: ...cubicle of the chain must contain a bridge between X13 1 and X13 2 7 7 3 3 1 1 3 3 D Do om mi in no o b bo oa ar rd ds s c co on nn ne ec ct ti io on n The inter domino boards connection is achieved with flat cables Each slave cubicle is fitted with a loose flat cable The other end of this flat cable has to be connected to the first plug of domino board A118 of the next cubicle starting at the las...

Page 48: ...e has to be connected to the earth connection point of the master cubicle Make sure that the cables run along the floor not over components 7 3 2 Connections to the supply 7 7 3 3 2 2 1 1 P Po ow we er r c co on nn ne ec ct ti io on n Three power cables L1 L2 L3 have to be connected to each circuit breaker one in each cubicle Make sure that L1 L2 and L3 in each cubicle are connected to the same ph...

Page 49: ...re 7 3 Flat cables connection and connections to power supply Control Module 2 Domino A118 Module 1 Domino A117 Module 5 Domino A117 Module 3 Domino A117 Module 4 Domino A118 L1 L2 L3 PE L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3 PE PE Internal connection External connection to perform ...

Page 50: ...u choose Run 3 In the Command Line box enter a setup 4 Follow the instructions in the dialog boxes to Specify the drive and directory c Program Files Pqf is the default Complete the installation 8 3 Hardware connection A111 A112 A113 A119 A114 A115 A116 U100 U109 DIG INT DSP GUI LIC LVI ALIM GND 15V 5V YELLOW LED GREEN LED RED LED 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 3 RS232 port If your filter i...

Page 51: ...1 Installation check Step 2 Voltage phase rotation Step 3 Current transformer check Step 4 System set up Step 5 Before starting the filter Step 6 Start the filter Step 7 Stop the filter Step 8 Start filtering 9 1 Step 1 Step 1 Visual and installation check Check first that mechanical and electrical installations fulfil requirements described in chapter 4 and 5 of the present manual Check also visu...

Page 52: ...must never be opened otherwise extremely high voltages may appear which can lead to physical danger or destruction of the CT itself 9 3 1 PQF connection diagram Figure 9 1 shows the normal connection of the PQF It must be noted that L1 L2 and L3 rotation must be clockwise The CTs must be on the supply line side of the PQF One secondary terminal of the CT must be earthed L1 L2 L3 Load side Supply s...

Page 53: ...ximately balanced 9 3 3 Checking the correct connection of the CTs with a two channel scopemeter The first channel of the scopemeter must be connected to the phase voltage referenced to the neutral or to the ground if the neutral is not accessible The second channel must measure the associated current flowing from the network to the load as seen by the CT input of the PQF 9 9 3 3 3 3 1 1 M Me ea a...

Page 54: ...gnals the phase shift must then be evaluated Figure 9 4 The time T between zero crossing of the rising falling edge of both traces must be measured and converted to a phase shift by the following formula 360 1 T T where T1 is the fundamental period duration For an inductive and non regenerative load the current signal should lag the voltage by a phase shift lower than 90 T T1 U I1 Figure 9 4 Phase...

Page 55: ...d which is usually the case in most of the three phase systems the phase shift should be approximately the same for all the three phases L1 L2 L3 Load side Supply side K L k l K L k l K L k l PQF X5 2 X5 3 X5 4 X5 5 X5 6 X5 1 L1 L2 L3 Positive direction Ch1 Ch2 Figure 9 5 Connection of the scopemeter for checking CT in phase L2 L1 L2 L3 Load side Supply side K L k l K L k l K L k l PQF X5 2 X5 3 X...

Page 56: ...the scopemeter for checking CT in phase L1 by comparing the currents This operation has to be repeated for the remaining two phases for a complete check The current probes have to be changed accordingly 9 3 5 Checking the correct connection of the CTs with a Fluke 41B The Fluke 41B is a power analyser that allows measurements of one voltage and one current wave Unfortunately the device does not al...

Page 57: ...nstall PQF Prog in the Program Files directory create a shortcut to PQF_Prog exe After launching PQF Prog a text box indicating that Station 0 has been found will appear Click Done You then enter the PQF Prog main Window In the Login box type the User name and the password Station must be 0 If you use the appropriate User name and password four icons appear on the toolbar Login Filter Operation Ha...

Page 58: ... on apply to validate 9 4 2 With the PQF Manager The 3 levels of the PQF Manager are accessible from the window Main menu To enter the Main menu window press MENU Level 1 is for consulting level 2 for filter programming and level 3 for commissioning Select level 3 by pressing once the key Then press OK and enter the appropriate password for level 3 The LED SET will switch on In the hardware set up...

Page 59: ...on of the master cubicle The main breaker should close within 30 seconds One second after closing the IGBT will start and the filter will work under no load condition 9 7 Step 7 Step 7 Stop the filter Once the filter is connected to the network stop it by pushing on the RESET button 9 8 Step 8 Step 8 Start filtering Once you have checked that the filter can connect to the network you may start fil...

Page 60: ...Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 60 Figure 9 8 Start up sequence Start fan preload DC bus Operation as programmed Close MC Start IGBT Network characterisation Push RUN button Start up sequence ...

Page 61: ... than two modules the auxiliary breaker of slave cubicles should be switched on before the one of the master cubicle 2 After 20 seconds the system will reset 3 The auxiliaries are then on but the main circuit breaker is still open The white light ON and the green one OPEN of the master cubicle are on while the green light OPEN of the slave cubicles is on Master cubicle lights and buttons Slave cub...

Page 62: ...n located on the master cubicle 5 The filter then starts the start up sequence Start fan and preload DC bus Close main circuit breaker Start IGBT Network characterization During the start up sequence the red LED START UP of the PQF Manager is on RESET RUN LOC REM ON CLOSE OPEN ...

Page 63: ...control rack should be red it indicates that the PQF is properly synchronized to the network see illustration next page 6 After the start up sequence the PQFA operates as programmed The red LED OK of the PQF Manager should be on In the LED FULL LOAD appears to be on it only means that the filter cannot achieved the programmed requirements Refer to the chapter on programming with the PQF Manager fo...

Page 64: ...main circuit breaker to open and to come back at step 3 of this procedure The normal working sequence is represented on Figure 10 1 A111 A112 A113 A119 A114 A115 A116 U100 U109 DIG INT DSP GUI LIC LVI ALIM GND 15V 5V YELLOW LED GREEN LED RED LED 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 3 RESET RUN LOC REM ON CLOSE OPEN ...

Page 65: ...10 1 Normal working sequence OFF 20sec Time delay System reset Auxiliaries ON Start fan preload DC bus Operation as programmed Open MC Close MC Start IGBT Network characterisation Switch on auxiliary breaker Q101 Push RUN button Push RESET button Start up sequence ...

Page 66: ...ilter The following table indicates the harmonics to be deselected for main types of detuned banks Detuned bank type Harmonics to be deselected 5 67 2 3 4 6 2 3 4 7 2 3 14 2 For other types of detuned bank or in the case of plain capacitors please contact your ABB Service provider to evaluate the resonance frequency and the harmonics to be deselected 10 3 Behavior in case of power outage In case o...

Page 67: ... buttons are not operational Lights ON white the PQFA controller is connected to the supply auxiliary breaker closed CLOSE red the power circuit breaker is closed filter working OPEN green the power circuit breaker is open Three light conditions are then possible ON white CLOSE red OPEN green No power connection main and auxiliary breakers open Controller connected auxiliary breaker closed main br...

Page 68: ...START UP the PQFA is in the start up sequence OK the PQFA is working properly and fulfilling programmed requirements FULL LOAD the filter is working at 100 of its nominal capacity and programmed requirements are not fulfilled ALARM the filter has stopped due to an error SET the programming or set up level of the PQF Manager has been activated The PQF Manager is also fitted with a screw to adjust c...

Page 69: ... synchronised on network Board A112 INT LED 1 green on OK LED 2 red on malfunction Board A113 DSP LED 1 green and LED 3 yellow blinking OK LED 2 red on malfunction Board A114 LIC LED 1 green on OK LED 2 red on malfunction Board A115 LVI LED 1 green on OK LED 2 red on malfunction Board U100 LED 1 green on OK LED 2 red on power supply inhibited LED 3 red on output 1 inhibited LED 4 red on output 2 i...

Page 70: ...ering Mode 3 Filtering to curve Reactive compensation In Mode 1 the PQFA will first filter to the pre programmed curve Once the requirements are fulfilled remaining resources will be allocated to reducing the selected harmonics as close as possible to zero If further resources are then available reactive power compensation will be performed as required In Mode 2 the second priority after filtering...

Page 71: ... power compensation parameters 10 5 2 Starting Once the PQF Prog software has been successfully installed see chapter 7 select Programs in the Start menu and click on PQF If you did not install PQF Prog in the Program Files directory create a shortcut to PQF_Prog exe After launching PQF Prog a text box indicating that Station 0 has been found will appear Click Done You then enter the PQF Prog main...

Page 72: ...te User name and password four icons appear on the toolbar Login Filter Operation Hardware set up and Configuration If a wrong or no login is entered you will only have access to the Login Filter Operation and Configuration icons Login Filter Operation Hardware set up Configuration ...

Page 73: ...er to select a harmonic order enter Y yes in the second column N no indicates that the corresponding harmonic has not been selected The curve may be programmed in absolute terms Amps in of the fundamental current or in of the rms current After choosing your appropriate reference by using the option button program your target in the third column for the harmonics you have selected The values there ...

Page 74: ...PQFA Instructions Manual Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A 74 Step 5 The filter may be switched on or off from the On off tab ...

Page 75: ...ltering Mode 3 Filtering to curve Reactive compensation In Mode 1 the PQFA will first filter to the pre programmed curve Once the requirements are fulfilled remaining resources will be allocated to reducing the selected harmonics as close as possible to zero If further resources are then available reactive power compensation will be performed as required In Mode 2 the second priority after filteri...

Page 76: ...mitted residual level curve for each of them At 50 Hz 20 harmonics between the 2nd and 50th may be selected At 60 Hz 15 harmonics between the 2nd and 50th 3 Programming reactive power compensation parameters 10 6 2 Keys identification Filtered current Remaining current Before filtering After filtering Permitted residual level curve Load current for harmonic order n Numerical keypad Arrow buttons O...

Page 77: ...el 2 by pressing once the key Then press OK and enter the appropriate password for level 2 The LED SET will switch on Step 2 Three options appear in the level 2 window mode harmonics and Q compensation Select Mode by using the key Press OK Step 3 Select your preferred mode of operation with the key The priorities of the selected mode are indicated on the window MAIN MENU Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 LE...

Page 78: ... have to specify the unit in which the permitted residual level curve is expressed Three possibilities are offered amps A percentage of the fundamental magnitude I1 and percentage of the RMS current Irms Make your choice with the key and press OK You will then enter in the Harmonics window FILTER MODE MODE 1 2 3 FILTERING TO CURVE Q COMPENSATION MAX FILTERING FILTER MODE MODE 1 2 3 FILTERING TO CU...

Page 79: ... switch between Yes and No Press OK to activate the Curve column of the line and use the numerical keypad to enter your filtering objective Once your parameters are entered press OK to activate your programming for the correspondent harmonic order You can select and programme each individual harmonic by using the keys and following the same procedure Step 5 Press on MENU to come back to level 2 ma...

Page 80: ...of fixed reactive power kvar that is requested A positive value means a capacitive injection while a negative value means an inductive consumption If you select dynamic compensation you have to specify the target cos in the range 0 6 inductive to 0 6 capacitive Press ON to activate your choice Step 6 Return to the main menu by pressing the MENU button Q COMPENSATION Q COMP OFF Q COMPENSATION Q COM...

Page 81: ...ct level 1 by using once the key Then press OK The consulting level gives you access to 4 submenus the filter status the network status the waveform and the spectrum To select one of those submenus use the key and press OK 10 7 1 Filter status In the Consulting level window select Filter status and press OK A horizontal bar graph appears It depicts the percentage of the filter capabilities used as...

Page 82: ... the peak current capability The percentage of use of the RMS current capability This second window also displays the error code if applicable You can easily switch between the 2 Filter Status windows with the keys To come back to the Consulting level menu from any of those windows press MENU 10 7 2 Network status In the Consulting level window select Network status and press OK The following wind...

Page 83: ...between L3 and L1 the RMS current in L3 as well as the Total Harmonic Distortion on the same voltage and current You can easily switch between those 3 windows with the keys Press MENU and you come back to the consulting level menu 10 7 3 Waveform In the Consulting level window select Waveform and press OK The first Waveform window proposes a choice of 3 submenus the network voltage the line curren...

Page 84: ...el window select Spectrum and press OK The first Spectrum window proposes a choice of 3 submenus the network voltage the line current and the filter current Select the spectrum you want to display with the key and press OK Before displaying the spectrum you still have to choose the phase you want to visualise You can make your selection in the next window with the key and you validate by pressing ...

Page 85: ...5 orders Press MENU and you come back to the Consulting level MENU 10 8 Remote control and alarm contact 10 8 1 Remote control The PQFA may be switched on and off from a remote location The remote switch has to be connected to connection points X12 3 and X12 4 of terminal marked X12 In this configuration applying a voltage to the points X12 3 and X12 4 will switch on the filter It will switch off ...

Page 86: ...protection is only activated in case of abnormal working conditions and ensures the integrity of the filter The fast protection means include 1 Preventing the main breaker from closing in the event that the filter cannot synchronise to the supply network e g wrong phase rotation order detects a permanent AC undervoltage on one of the feeding phases detects a permanent internal error generated by e...

Page 87: ...of the above named events persists the breaker detects an overcurrent the system detects an AC undervoltage the system desynchronises from the network the system detects a DC capacitor over or undervoltage an internal controller problem is encountered A short circuit overcurrent protection on RMS and peak value internal to the IGBT modules ...

Page 88: ...r case the fault is considered as critical 11 1 2 Fault handling and fault clearance procedure After the occurrence of a fault the IGBT s are stopped and the filter determines the type of fault it is facing If it is not critical the IGBT s are restarted and the filter is back to normal operation If the fault is critical it is memorised and the filter conducts a fault clearance procedure Fault hand...

Page 89: ...s back to normal operation If a critical fault occurs during those 30 seconds either it is a different fault than previously and a new fault clearance procedure is conducted or it is the same fault If it is the same fault a fault clearance procedure will be re conducted until the same fault is detected 5 consecutive times In this case the power breaker is opened the filter definitively stopped and...

Page 90: ...ical fault occurrence within 30s Memorise fault Fault clearance procedure Fault cleared Y N Open MC Normal operation Same fault as before 5th successive fault Fault clearance procedure Definitive stop Display error message on PQF Manager Open MC N N Y Y Display fault msg PQF Manager Alarm ON ...

Page 91: ... in correct phases but all are reversed Modify CT connection accordingly or Reversed CT s may be corrected by software a negative CT ratio has to be specified 11 2 2 Error codes and messages After a filter trip an error message is displayed on the PQF Manager At the same time the corresponding error code is stored in the filter controller s permanent memory The error codes can be accessed by PQF P...

Page 92: ...y voltage of IGBT drivers too low Visual inspection of IGBT bridge After checking bridge condition push on the RESET button of the door If the red LED on the IGBT domino board remains on contact immediately your ABB service provider Check correct rotation of fan associated contactor K101 and thermal relay 2 Filter over current Too high output current of the filter short circuit protection Inspect ...

Page 93: ...lat cable connections Verify that only the domino board of the last power module is fitted with jumpers Check the number of modules set on the controller board A112 6 Power supply fault One of the auxiliary power supplies is out of service Check that no red LED is on the control rack except LED 3 of A111 If yes call your ABB service provider Check fuses of power supplies 7 Control board fault The ...

Page 94: ...ynchro fault The system desynchronises from the network Check phase rotation order of filter supply Check network frequency and variation to see one within acceptable limits Check voltage level of the supply system 112 Preload timeout The preloading of the DC bus takes an abnormally long time Check preloading circuit system 113 DSP stopped system DSP decision to stop the system Contact immediately...

Page 95: ... display on PQF Manager Adjust the contrast of the PQF Manager Open the front door of the PQFA main breaker open auxiliary closed and adjust the contrast screw located on the back metal plate of the PQF Manager Fan is stopped Stop the filter and wait for the capacitors to discharge Check the mechanical condition of the fan If the fan does not seem to be mechanically blocked re arm the protection b...

Page 96: ...ths is recommended In case of installation in a dirty or sandy environment a more frequent maintenance programme should be implemented 12 2 Maintenance procedure Step 1 Shut the filter down by pushing the RESET button of the door cubicle Open the auxiliary circuit breaker Wait at least 5 minutes for the discharge of DC capacitors Step 2 Cleaning All dust deposits have to be removed from all parts ...

Page 97: ...ded to replace the fan once these symptoms appear 12 4 Capacitors reforming If the filter has been non operational for more than one year DC capacitors must be reformed re aged before use Without reforming capacitors may be damaged at start up Stocked or non operational filters should be reformed once a year The method indicated below assumes that the filter is stocked in a clean and dry environme...

Page 98: ...ed herein at any time in the light of technical or other developments Technical specifications are valid under normal operating conditions only The Company does not accept any responsibility for any misuse of the product and cannot be held liable for indirect or consequential damages SIM 040 6027G01 ed 9 01 10 Asea Brown Boveri Jumet S A Zoning Industriel de Jumet B 6040 Charleroi Belgium Phone 32...

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