Yaroslavl Engine Plant YMZ-536, Руководство по эксплуатации

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WINTER OPERATION
To ensure failure-free engine operation in winter conditions,
use antifreeze coolants (See Section
Operational Substances
)
In case the coolant volume has decreased due to evaporation,
and not due to leaking, add only distilled water into the cooling
system as the amount of ethylene glycol remains unchanged due to its
high boiling point.
The engine operating on the oils specified in Section
Operational Substances, with the starter fed by the battery having
overall capacity of not less than 132 Ah, with the clutch pedal fully
depressed must be trouble-free started up:

without using engine starting aids at ambient temperature
up to 10° С below zero;

by using an electric heating element at ambient temperature
up to 22° С
Engine warm-up time is 8 minutes at ambient temperature up
to –10° С and 10 minutes at temperatures up to –22° С .
At ambient temperature below –22°C, it is necessary to warm
up the engine by an engine start heating device.
When operating the engine in winter, observe the coolant
temperature. Never operate the engine at full load until the operating
temperature is reached.