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1 What is the SPA-2?

Determination of snowpack-properties can be very challenging as they vary significantly in space
and time. The SPA-2 snow pack analyzer measures the volumetric contents of ice and water within
a snowpack, and together with the snow depth calculates the snow water equivalent (SWE) and
snow density.

By measuring the complex impedance along multiple, 4.8 m long, ribbon-shaped sensors, the SPA-
2 acquires area-averaged data about the snowpack at different depth. Other than that, the snow
height is precisely measured with the contact-free ultrasonic level sensor USH-9. This sensor-com-
bination provides an automatic measurement system to continuously monitor the snowpack devel-
opment for hydrological, agricultural and other applications.

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SPA-2

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Содержание SPA-2

Страница 1: ...Sommer Messtechnik All rights reserved Manual Setup version 3 10 Firmware 2 20 02 September 2020 SPA 2 Snow pack analyzer...

Страница 2: ...rmission of Sommer Messtechnik This applies to printed as well as digital issues of this manual Sommer Messtechnik Strassenh user 27 6842 Koblach Austria www sommer at E office sommer at T 43 5523 559...

Страница 3: ...EU EN 301 489 1 V1 9 2 LVD 2014 35 EU EN 62311 2008 EN 62368 1 2014 RoHS II 2011 65 EU RoHS III 2015 863 EU Feedback Should you come across any error in this manual or if you miss information to hand...

Страница 4: ...pon completion secure the installation from trespassers l Maintenance and repair must be performed by trained personnel or an engineer of Sommer Messtechnik Only replacement parts supplied by Sommer M...

Страница 5: ...hat do I need 21 7 3 How do I install the SPA 2 21 7 3 1 General 21 7 3 2 Supporting frame 23 7 3 3 Mast with tilted SPA 2 sensor and USH 9 26 7 3 4 Tilted SPA ribbon sensor 32 7 3 5 Horizontal SPA 2...

Страница 6: ...s 60 11 3 RS 485 61 11 3 1 What is it 61 11 3 2 What can I do with it 61 11 3 3 How do I wire it 61 11 3 4 How do I configure it 62 11 3 5 How is the output structured 62 11 3 6 Sommer protocol 62 11...

Страница 7: ...0 F G E SDI 2 change sensor address 100 F G F SDI 2 ask for a sensor address 100 F H RS 485 2 Port 100 F H A Baud rate 101 F H B Parity stop bits 101 F H C Minimum response time 101 F H D Transmitter...

Страница 8: ...F J A Baud rate 107 F J B Parity stop bits 107 F J C Minimum response time 108 F J D Transmitter warm up time 108 F J E Flow control 108 F J F Sending window 108 F J G Receiving window 109 G Special...

Страница 9: ...and snow density By measuring the complex impedance along multiple 4 8 m long ribbon shaped sensors the SPA 2 acquires area averaged data about the snowpack at different depth Other than that the sno...

Страница 10: ...file with winches 1 8 Cross profile with clamp for tilted SPA sensor 1 11 Cross profile with mast support and anti twist clamp 1 12 Mast 1 13 Cross profile with clamps for horizontal SPA sensors 1 14...

Страница 11: ...vailable accessories Art Accessory 19294 USB to RS485 embedded converter cable 1 8 m 20488 Commander software 20700 SPA ribbon sensor set for horiz 300 mm mounting including tension spring and winch 2...

Страница 12: ...r window and fol low the instructions During this procedure the communication assistant will search for con nected devices Upon successful completion the new connection is added to the connections lis...

Страница 13: ...of SPA 2 ribbon sensors 5 Optional measure the capacities of the ribbon sensors with a reference plate see Calibration of SPA 2 ribbon sensors 6 Send any modifications to the SPA 2 by clicking Upload...

Страница 14: ...ting Sensors IP 66 Controller IP 54 IP 66 if contained in electrical cabinet Lightning protection Integrated protection against indirect lightning with a discharge capa city of 6 kA Ppp Housing materi...

Страница 15: ...1 for snow depth sensor max 0 2 A each 1x RS 485 1x SDI 12 Measurement range and accuracy Snow depth 0 2 5 m max 1cm typically 0 1 FS 0 5 m max 1cm typically 0 1 FS Snow water equivalent 0 1000 mm 5...

Страница 16: ...are listed in the table below ATTENTION Serial port BUS 2 is reserved for the USH 9 snow depth input Figure 3 Connection terminals of SP 2 controller Terminal PIN Description TRIG 2 Trigger input 2 no...

Страница 17: ...age 9 0 to 24 0 VDC Supply Voltage 9 0 to 24 0 VDC I1 T Optional temperature input A SPA ribbon sensor 1 B SPA ribbon sensor 1 P Shield of SPA ribbon sensor 1 I2 T Optional temperature input A SPA rib...

Страница 18: ...or 4 AIN 1 2 G Ground 1 Analog input 1 G Ground 2 Analog input 2 AIN 3 4 G Ground 3 Analog input 3 G Ground 4 Analog input 4 BUS 2 G Ground S SDI 12 from sensor A RS 485 A from USH 9 B RS 485 B from U...

Страница 19: ...Terminal PIN Description OUT 3 4 G Ground 3 Switched supply voltage 3 G Ground 4 Switched supply voltage 4 Table 1 Connection terminals of SP 2 controller 5 Connectors Manual 19...

Страница 20: ...ume contents can be determined Additionally snow depth is measured with a USH 9 Sommer s ultrasonic level sensor With this information snow density and snow water equivalent SWE can be calculated In F...

Страница 21: ...e meas urement spot Any obstacle can cause snow drift and thus affect the measurement results 4 If feasible the SPA 2 should be installed in the direction of the main wind This minimizes dis turbances...

Страница 22: ...are marked at their mounting positions where relevant For example the label 3 13 indicates that the frame parts 3 and 13 are joined see Figure 5 for an example The part numbers are listed in the parts...

Страница 23: ...Figure 6 Assembled SPA frame Figure 7 Cross profiles 7 3 2 Supporting frame Follow the steps below to assemble the supporting frame 7 Installation Manual 23...

Страница 24: ...er faces the head of the bolt and the nut respectively 3 Join cross profile nr 8 to base profiles nr 3 and 4 This profile can be mounted in three dif ferent positions as shown in the figure below The...

Страница 25: ...the surface You may need to lift the end of the base profiles by a few cm to adjust the bolts Tighten the lock nuts 6 Adjust the center bolt of each U profile so that it protrudes 8 5 cm from the surf...

Страница 26: ...th the ground this is required to be able to tighten the SPA ribbon sensors 7 3 3 Mast with tilted SPA 2 sensor and USH 9 Follow the steps below to set up the mast It is recommended to attach all requ...

Страница 27: ...olts of the mast bracket on cross profile nr 11 and slide the bottom end of the mast into the bracket 2 Turn the mast so that the protruding end of the attached bolt is facing to the right 7 Installat...

Страница 28: ...nd tighten it Make sure that the cross arm is pointing perpendicular to the length of the supporting frame when it is standing upright Now tighten the 4 bolts of the bracket embracing the mast 6 Mount...

Страница 29: ...ght As illus trated in the figure below the available positions are 1 5 2 0 and 2 5 m The selected position must match the mounting position of cross profile nr 8 described in the previous section 9 A...

Страница 30: ...ound the pulleys exactly as shown in the figure Only then the hoist to tighten the SPA rib bon sensor will work properly 14 Attach the guy cables nr 21 labelled 1 with the shackles to the ring nut on...

Страница 31: ...the base frame The turnbuckles of cables nr 21 labelled 1 are mounted to the ring nuts on base profile nr 2 left and the buckles of cables nr 22 labelled 2 to the ring nuts on base profile nr 1 right...

Страница 32: ...open end of the ribbon sensor to the bracket on profile nr 8 Make sure the rib bon is not twisted and that the ring nut can turn in the bracket gap 2 Hinge one of the tension springs nr 20 into the cl...

Страница 33: ...hinge on the mast 5 Tighten the spring to a length of 35 36 cm by operating the winch in clockwise direction 6 Secure the winch by turning the lug into its right position 7 Attach the 2 plastic clips...

Страница 34: ...clips 8 Secure the tilted SPA ribbon by running the provided rope through the clips on the ribbon and the ring nuts on the supporting frame Fasten the rope with a Fisherman s knot which allows repeate...

Страница 35: ...nd of the ribbon sensor to the sliding clamp on profile nr 11 Make sure that the sensor cable is pointing upwards and that the ring nut can turn in the clamp gap 3 Attach the far end of the ribbon sen...

Страница 36: ...ng to a length of 35 36 cm by operating the winch in clockwise direction 7 Secure the winch by turning the lug into its right position 8 Secure the sensor cable with the provided clamp as illustrated...

Страница 37: ...abinet to the mast with the provided U bolts The cabinet should be attached sideways below the tension spring of the tilted SPA sensor Secure the cabinet with locknuts 2 Feed the sensor cables of the...

Страница 38: ...gland Shorten a cable if it is too long The cable should not touch the ground 7 3 7 Wiring 1 Verify that the SPA and USH 9 sensor cables are fed through the base of the cabinet as illus trated below...

Страница 39: ...tion 1 not connected white brown 2 Receive Received signal green yellow 3 Transmit Transmitted signal shield 4 cable shield Table 2 Connection wires of SPA ribbon sensor 3 Connect the wires of the USH...

Страница 40: ...ites and with no grid con nection The sensor switches automatically into standby mode between measurements and thus consumes only approx 0 2 Ah per day measurement duration 6 sec and measurement inter...

Страница 41: ...n it is strongly recommended to equip the sensor support or mast with properly dimensioned lightning pro tection Consult an expert for advice The SPA 2 is protected against overvoltage If a data logge...

Страница 42: ...tallation firmly on the ground l Is the mast in the upright position l Are the SPA ribbon sensors damaged and tightly stretched Are the clips in the upright pos ition l Are the wires between the senso...

Страница 43: ...t Data server l Terminal window to check data transfer and to access device settings directly l Spectrum Mode to visualize radar and ultrasonic spectra used for diagnostic purposes e g multiple reflec...

Страница 44: ...4 Read the instructions and click Next 5 Select the installation type and click Next 9 Support software Commander 44 Manual...

Страница 45: ...installed the software Installation folders l User program folder Users User AppData Local Programs Sommer Commander Data structure Users User AppData Local Programs Sommer l Specific folder default...

Страница 46: ...structure Users Public Public documents Sommer l Specific folder default C Sommer Commander Data structure default C Sommer 6 Select the installation directory and click Next 7 Select the features to...

Страница 47: ...8 Click Install to start the installation 9 Click Finish to complete the installation 9 Support software Commander Manual 47...

Страница 48: ...9 Support software Commander 48 Manual...

Страница 49: ...ers of the SPA 2 1 Establish a connection between your PC and the SPA 2 as described in Connect the SPA 2 to a PC 2 Select the tab Parameters F2 and click Download parameters from device The complete...

Страница 50: ...3 Save the parameter file to your PC by clicking Save parameter file This step is recommended to track any configuration changes 10 Configuration 50 Manual...

Страница 51: ...nfiguration with a terminal program The Commander software ships with an integrated terminal program However communication with the SPA 2 can be performed with any terminal program Follow the steps be...

Страница 52: ...ically send a closing Carriage return 3 Read or modify the required parameters The menu items can be selected by entering the let ter assigned to each item Upon selection a submenu is opened or the se...

Страница 53: ...d and returned in hex format If multiple messages are present the message codes are summed up Message code Description 0x0001 PLEASE NOTE Parameter conflict view manual 0x0002 PLEASE NOTE Setup confli...

Страница 54: ...t too 0x2000 PLEASE NOTE An old archive pointer has been replaced 0x4000 PLEASE NOTE Sorry job site Table 5 Device messages 10 4 What do I need to configure When first setting up a SPA 2 at a measurem...

Страница 55: ...Description Sommer default Sommer protocol data values are returned with an index starting at 1 Standard Standard protocol data values are returned without an index MODBUS Modbus protocol OP informati...

Страница 56: ...SPA 2 as described in Section How do I install the SPA 2 2 Connect the SPA 2 controller to your PC and a power supply with the specified rating 3 Open the Commandersoftware and establish a connection...

Страница 57: ...Sensor zero adjust After the adjustment test the sensors again 10 4 4 Span test and adjustment Follow the instructions below to perform a span test for each SPA 2 ribbon sensor 1 Mount the reference p...

Страница 58: ...ent with the reference plate Should the C values still deviate too much please contact Sommer Mess technik 10 4 5 Adjustment of snow depth measurement With the function Snow depth test the current sno...

Страница 59: ...es are recorded by the SPA 2 Index Variable Unit Description 01 snow depth mm Snow depth measured by SPA 2 02 ice content S1 Ice content of SPA sensor 1 03 water content S1 Water content of SPA sensor...

Страница 60: ...le acquired by analog input 4 21 C_LF S1 pF Capacity of SPA sensor 1 at low frequency 22 C_HF S1 pF Capacity of SPA sensor 1 at high frequency 23 C_LF S2 pF Capacity of SPA sensor 2 at low frequency 2...

Страница 61: ...cation method for computers and devices It is currently a widely used communication interface in data acquisition and control applications where multiple nodes com municate with each other 1 11 3 2 Wh...

Страница 62: ...a meters listed in RS 485 1 Protocol may need to be adapted RS 485 1 Port By default the serial port of the SPA 2 is configured as follows Baud rate 9600 Data bits 8 Parity none Stop bits 1 Flow contr...

Страница 63: ...put values Command se se identifies automatically sent values Table 8 Header of the Sommer protocol Measurement value A measurement value 02 1539 has a length of 8 digits and is returned together with...

Страница 64: ...Sommer protocol Output values The acquired data are returned as in the following example EXAMPLE M0001G00se01 0 3 02 1 2 03 1 04 3 05 0 5 06 1 3 07 0 08 0 3762 M0001G01se09 0 5 10 1 2 11 0 12 0 13 0...

Страница 65: ...by analog input 2 944D Closing sequence M0001G03se Header with system key 00 device number 01 and string number 03 25 92 3 Capacity of SPA sensor 3 at low frequency 26 90 8 Capacity of SPA sensor 3 a...

Страница 66: ...digit is reserved for the decimal character Values are returned right aligned so additional blanks may be returned between values Parameter Format Description Separator blank blank Value xxxxxxxx 8 c...

Страница 67: ...ment values 0 5 Ice content of SPA sensor 3 1 2 Water content of SPA sensor 3 M02_0001 Header with identifier for measurement values 480 Snow depth measured by SPA 2 0 0735 Variable acquired by analog...

Страница 68: ...he command This command type demands no closing sequence and therefore no CRC 16 R SPA 2 returns the requested measurement value or parameter This command type demands a closing sequence with a valid...

Страница 69: ...interval in the example below the menu item B EXAMPLE R0001B 228E Answer A0001B 300 F8B3 Request a complete data string The command pt requests a data string as in the following example EXAMPLE S0001...

Страница 70: ...ors with a single data recorder For a detailed description on SDI 12 communication please refer to www sdi 12 org 11 4 2 What can I do with it The SPA 2 listens to standard SDI 12 commands as listed i...

Страница 71: ...sor address and ends with an exclamation mark e g 0M The answer from the SDI 12 device is a string containing the sensor address the requested data and a terminating carriage return line feed e g EXAM...

Страница 72: ...ndividual SDI 12 commands trigger a meas urement and request measurement values need to be sent EXAMPLE 0M Answer 00084 CR LF and 0 CR LF after 8 seconds 0D0 Answer 0 2591 706 25 53 0 CR LF The first...

Страница 73: ...not polled by SDI 12 the com mand aR0 will request and return the current reading of the sensor The values within the data string follow the order listed in the measurement table The first values in...

Страница 74: ...uipped with multiple transducers and their settings are listed in a table see example below A value within such a table is addressed by its row index 01 02 and column index A B A corresponding SDI com...

Страница 75: ...pervisory control and data acquisition SCADA systems Versions of the Modbus protocol exist for serial lines Modbus RTU and Modbus ASCII and for Ethernet Modbus TCP 1 11 5 2 What can I do with it Modbu...

Страница 76: ...ecified rating 3 Start the Commander software on your PC 4 Establish a connection to the Sommer device 5 Download the sensor s parameters in the Parameters F2 tab and save the parameter list on your P...

Страница 77: ...t if measurements are triggered by a trigger input D all allowed if measurements are triggered by one of the previous options NOTE Modbus cannot trigger measurements Make sure to use the trigger optio...

Страница 78: ...9 Navigate to RS485 protocol and select MODBUS set default Please note that the index let ters might be different for your Sommer device 11 Serial communication 78 Manual...

Страница 79: ...yed 12 Enter X until you get back to the main menu The Sommer device is now restarted and avail able for Modbus communication As the connection parameters have been changed to Mod bus the connection t...

Страница 80: ...and Output protocol OP Modbus MODBUS device address 35 Sleep mode Modbus slow Parity stop bits even par 1 stop Baud rate 19200 Flow control off Transmitter warm up time 10 ms Minimum response time 30...

Страница 81: ...mend to use a meaningful name for later recognition e g Modbus31 19200 to indicate port 31 and Baud rate 19200 Select the Type Serial connection and choose the Port your sensor is connected to set the...

Страница 82: ...3 Click Save connection 4 In the Communication window select Mode Connection and choose the Connection you have created Then click Connect 11 Serial communication 82 Manual...

Страница 83: ...anges 6 Now two options are available to revert communication back to the Sommer protocol A If a parameter file is available that has the Sommer protocol enabled the file can be loaded by clicking Ope...

Страница 84: ...B If no parameter file is available the device has to be reset to its default configuration 1 Click into the Terminal window and type to enter the sensor menu 11 Serial communication 84 Manual...

Страница 85: ...nection to the sensor is lost Press Disconnect for completion 7 Establish the original connection to the Sommer sensor as described in How do I configure it 8 Download the sensor s parameters in the P...

Страница 86: ...07 14 water content S2 08 16 density S2 kg m 3 09 18 SWE S2 mm 10 20 ice content S3 11 22 water content S3 12 24 density S3 kg m 3 13 26 SWE S3 mm 14 28 ice content S4 15 30 water content S4 16 32 den...

Страница 87: ...on 03 read holding registers Register address Variable Range Bytes Format Config values 0 Modbus default1 0 1 read 1 write 2 unsigned int 1 Modbus device address 1 to 247 2 RS 485 baud rate 0 1200 bau...

Страница 88: ...mation of the SPA 2 The following example shows the response of function 17 of a RG 30 sensor which is received in hex format EXAMPLE 23 11 26 53 FF 27 74 20 53 6F 6D 6D 65 72 20 20 52 47 2D 33 30 20...

Страница 89: ...tive 1 FF 255 Modbus implementation version 2 27 74 10100 Separator 1 20 Vendor string 7 53 6F 6D 6D 65 72 20 Sommer Separator 1 20 Device configuration 7 52 47 2D 33 30 20 20 RG 30 Separator 1 20 Sof...

Страница 90: ...b menu Output protocol OP Option Description Interval default Measurements are initiated in a specified interval TRIG input Measurements are triggered by the positive edge of a DC voltage signal appli...

Страница 91: ...SWE S1 mm as S 0 SPA S 1 SWE 06 ice content S2 as S 0 SPA S 2 ice 07 water content S2 as S 0 SPA S 2 water 08 density S2 kg m 3 as S 0 SPA S 2 density 09 SWE S2 mm as S 0 SPA S 2 SWE 10 ice content S...

Страница 92: ...8 C_HF S4 pF as S 0 SPA S 4 C HF 51 snow depth mm 1 0 3450 0 AIN AIN1 Each entry of the measurement table is configured by the parameters described below Identifier User defined variable name Unit The...

Страница 93: ...st A measurement of the selected variable is triggered and the result displayed in the terminal win dow S TYP One of the following sensor or source types S TYP Description and S MEA options off No sou...

Страница 94: ...ed in S MEA SYS System variable supply Supply voltage error Error code internal st func Status of Fatal error 4th LED on SPA 2 controller cap beg Charging voltage of ultracapacitors before measurement...

Страница 95: ...DD Description SDI12 _Cn Concurrent measurement command for measurement cycle n CCn Concurrent measurement command with CRC for measurement cycle n _Mn Measurement command for measurement cycle n MCn...

Страница 96: ...rman deutsch German language english englisch default English language F B Decimal character The character used as decimal separator in the values of the settings and in serial data strings Option Des...

Страница 97: ...wer supply is switched on and the first measurement Value range Default Units 0 255 0 sec F E Sommer ID The Sommer ID is used to define stations within the Commander software The ID is preset in the d...

Страница 98: ...ensors Foot height and Head height are equal Min Coverage The minimum length the sensor has to be covered in snow to yield valid measurements C base LF Sensor adjustment value C base HF Sensor adjustm...

Страница 99: ...ress This option should only be used with SDI 12 standard V1 0 The measurement values can be requested with the commands aD0 aD1 with a the sensor address Max 9 values are returned for each command ju...

Страница 100: ...2 ask for a sensor address Reads the SDI 12 address and its identification of a single SDI 12 sensor connected to the SPA 2 F H RS 485 2 Port The RS 485 2 interface is used to read data from connecte...

Страница 101: ...and 2 stop bits even par 1 stop Even parity and 1 stop bit odd par 1 stop Odd parity and 1 stop bit F H C Minimum response time Setting of this parameter avoids interference of communication at the RS...

Страница 102: ...ing window If XON XOFF flow control is activated data are transmitted in blocks with the defined length Unit ms Milliseconds Value range 200 5 000 300 default F H G Receiving window If XON XOFF flow c...

Страница 103: ...ween initialization of measurement and reception of meas urement data The connected sensor must send a Prefix command to wake up the SPA 2 for data transmission F H K Network scan extension Optional d...

Страница 104: ...ned in RS 485 1 Port F I A Device number 104 F I B System key 104 F I C Output protocol OP 105 F I D OP measurement output 105 F I E OP information 105 F I F OP wake up sequence 106 F I G OP prefix ho...

Страница 105: ...ut Specifies the timing of the serial data output Option Description just per command The output is only requested by commands via the RS 485 or SDI 12 interface measured values push Data are returned...

Страница 106: ...refix default A blank with a time delay is sent before the output string prefix sync A blank with a time delay and the sync sequence UU is sent before the out put string F I G OP prefix holdback The h...

Страница 107: ...lowing transmission rates in bps baud can be selected 1 200 2 400 4 800 9 600 default 19 200 38 400 57 600 115 200 F J B Parity stop bits The following combinations of parity and stop bits can be sele...

Страница 108: ...smitter warm up time defines the time before data is sent Unit ms Milliseconds Value range 0 2 000 10 default F J E Flow control The XOFF XON flow control can be activated with this setting Option Des...

Страница 109: ...tus Displays information about the sensor and the software version G B View setup All parameters of the SPA 2 are listed in the terminal window G C Set factory default All parameters are reset to fact...

Страница 110: ...connecting industrial elec tronic devices R RS 485 A standard defining the signal transmission in serial com munication systems S SDI 12 Asynchronous serial com munications protocol for intel ligent s...

Страница 111: ...Index M Modbus 55 75 76 87 105 106 R RS 485 14 17 40 53 55 59 61 62 68 75 76 87 90 94 97 100 101 104 105 107 108 S SDI 12 14 17 40 55 59 70 71 77 90 94 99 100 105 Manual 111...

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