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Distance Relay Setting Examples 
 

GARD 8000 Distance Relay 

 

RFL Electronics Inc. 

 
Short lines are defined by the IEEE Line Protection Guide (PC37.113) as lines with SIR > 4. 
SIR for the line in the example is: 

 

SIR =

5

Z

1

SL

0.8

.

Z

1

L

=

0.8 4.13

.

=

1.5 < 4

 

 

As this is not a short line, extended margins are not required and the zone settings 80%, 120%, 50% 
are consequently used in this example. 

 
 

Zone 1 reach 
80% of ZL1 = 0.8 · 4.13 = 3.30 
Time delay = 0 
 
 
Zone 2 reach (forward pilot zone) 
120% of ZL1 = 1.2 · 4.13 = 4.96 

 
 

Zone 4 reach (reverse pilot zone) 
50% of ZL1 = 0.5 · 4.13 = 2.07 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

August 1, 2009 

8-20 

973.334.3100 

Содержание GARD 8000

Страница 1: ...en permission is given by RFL Electronics Inc This manual has been compiled and checked for accuracy The information in this manual does not constitute a warranty of performance RFL Electronics Inc re...

Страница 2: ...ustomer Service facility in Boonton New Jersey RFL warrants product repair from one year from the date of repair or the balance of the original warranty whichever is longer This warranty does not appl...

Страница 3: ...CLOSER AND SYNC CHECK 7 24 7 6 BREAKER FAILURE 7 27 7 7 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS 7 28 7 8 FAULT RECORDER DFR 7 30 7 9 OSCILLOGRAPHY MASK 7 31 7 10 SOE MASK 7 33 SECTION 8 DISTANCE RELAY SETTING EXAMPLES 8 1 8...

Страница 4: ...11 2 FACTORY DEFAULT PROGRAMMING 11 1 11 3 INPUTS 11 1 11 4 OUTPUTS 11 4 11 5 ZIVERCOM 11 6 11 6 DISTANCE MODULE COMPLETE SIGNAL LIST 11 24 SECTION 12 DISTANCE RELAY COMMISSIONING 12 1 12 1 EQUIPMENT...

Страница 5: ...0 Zone Logic 9 15 Figure 9 11 Stepped Distance Logic 9 15 Figure 9 12 Zone 1 Extension 9 16 Figure 9 13 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip PUTT 9 17 Figure 9 14 PUTT 9 18 Figure 9 15 Direct Transfer...

Страница 6: ...or Phase Overvoltage units 9 67 Figure 9 61 Rate of change of frequency 9 69 Figure 9 62 Breaker Failure Relay 9 71 Figure 9 63 Synchro and Energizing Check Logic 9 74 Figure 9 64 Pole Discordance Log...

Страница 7: ...9 14 Phase Directional Element 9 56 Table 9 15 Directional Ground Element 9 58 Table 9 16 Directional Ground Element Current Element 9 59 Table 9 17 Directional Negative Sequence Element 9 60 Table 9...

Страница 8: ...Center will be updated regularly so the latest information is always at your fingertips Registration is free easy and ensures your access to the Resource Center at any time To register please use the...

Страница 9: ...UNIT MAY HAVE HIGH VOLTAGE CAUTION 3U GARD Unit shown position of labels on 6U unit similar CAUTION FOR YOUR SAFETY THE INSTALLATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THIS EQUIPMENT SHOULD ONLY BE PERFORM...

Страница 10: ...orarily grounding it This will remove any dangerous voltages that may still be present after power is removed DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY EQUIPMENT Because of the danger of introducing additiona...

Страница 11: ...PED WITH FIBER OPTIC INPUT OUTPUT MODULES THAT HAVE FIBER OPTIC EMITTER HEADS FIBER OPTIC EMITTER HEADS USE A LASER LIGHT SOURCE THAT PRODUCE INVISIBLE RADIATION FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ARE...

Страница 12: ...January 2009 Section 2 March 1 2009 Section 3 March 1 2009 Section 4 March 1 2009 Section 5 March 1 2009 Section 6 March 1 2009 Section 7 July 21 2009 Section 8 August 1 2009 Section 9 August 1 2009...

Страница 13: ...Document Release 3 1 09 TG 8 1 09 New Section 8 added Distance Relay Setting Examples Remaining sections moved up one section Section 13 added Application Notes 8 1 09 TG 4 1 10 Addition of new secti...

Страница 14: ...GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank April 1 2010 xiv 973 334 3100...

Страница 15: ...t Information GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc SECTION 1 PRODUCT INFORMATION Please go to the next page for the following Data Sheet GARD 8000 Distance Relay Module January 2009 1 1 973 33...

Страница 16: ...Product Information GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank January 2009 1 2 973 334 3100...

Страница 17: ...vercurrent stub bus and thermal protection open phase and breaker failure detectors Frequency measuring elements over underfrequency and rate of change of frequency The distance measuring elements may...

Страница 18: ...General Description and Overview GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank March 1 2009 2 2 973 334 3100...

Страница 19: ...otation ABC or ACB Metering Accuracy Voltages 0 1 60 300V Currents 5A nominal 2 mA 0 1 0 5 160A 1A nominal 0 5mA 0 1 0 1 30A Phase angle 0 3 deg Power factor 0 001 Frequency 0 001 Hz Active reactive p...

Страница 20: ...teristic angle 0 90 deg Minimum polarizing voltage 0 00 10 00 V NegativeorZerosequencegrounddirectionalpolarization Time Overcurrent Elements 5A nominal 0 20 25 00 A 1A nominal 0 04 5 00 A Time Dial A...

Страница 21: ...300 00 sec Frequency Elements Pick up range 40 00 70 00 Hz Undervoltage inhibit 20 150 V Rate of change 0 5 10 00 Hz s Synchronism Check Elements Voltage difference 2 30 Phase angle 5 80 deg Slip fre...

Страница 22: ...System Specifications GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank March 1 2009 3 4 973 334 3100...

Страница 23: ...Three Phase 0 5 10 15 20 25 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 of set reach milliseconds SIR 0 1 SIR 1 SIR 10 Figure 4 1 Three Phase Operating Times Phase Phase 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90...

Страница 24: ...Times GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Single Phase 0 5 10 15 20 25 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 of set reach milliseconds SIR 0 1 SIR 1 SIR 10 Figure 4 3 Single Phase Operating Times March...

Страница 25: ...DOs and OP 5 kV 1 2 50 s 0 5 J Differential mode DOs 1 kV 1 2 50 s Differential mode Power supply 3 kV 1 2 50 s 1 MHz Burst Test IEC 60255 22 1 Class III UNE 21 136 92 22 1 Common mode 2 5 kV Differe...

Страница 26: ...70 C for 3 h 5 cycles Changes in humidity IEC 60068 2 30 IEC 61131 2 55 C for 12 h and 25 C for 12 h 6 cycles Endurance test 55 C during 1000 hours Operating range From 40 C to 85 C Storage range From...

Страница 27: ...teraction in the system has been kept to a minimum in order to simplify the system user interface Recognizing the need for different functionality for different users and or applications the logic sig...

Страница 28: ...4 Single Power Supply Figure 6 1 Front and Rear views of 3U chassis with Distance Relay Typical External DC connections are made as shown in the following the schematic for the example system configur...

Страница 29: ...uration GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc The inputs Slot 2 and outputs Slot 4 are user configurable and is setup using a web page Figure 6 3 Input Mapping web page March 1 2009 6 3 973 334...

Страница 30: ...ow many output modules that were ordered The logic outputs shown on the left on the output mapping page as source are determined in the Orcad logic and can be customized for your application The examp...

Страница 31: ...rding to the AC schematic 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 GARD 8000 A B C Slot 3 VA VB VC VA VB VC VN V sync check 13 14 16 17 19 20 IA IB IC I sensitive neutral or current polarizing I neutral from parallel line for...

Страница 32: ..._RETRIP 3_PH_RETRIP BFR_PICKUP BFR_TRIP AG BG CG AB BC CA ABG BCG CAG 3_PHASE XOR2 XOR2 XOR2 OR3 HMIIN1 HMIIN1 HMIIN2 HMIIN2 HMIIN24 HMIIN24 U12 Figure 6 7 Distance Relay Inputs schematic diagram The...

Страница 33: ...le are defined in the Orcad logic and can be customized for your application A logic output can be mapped to a single physical output only and that is why some logic signals are duplicated in the logi...

Страница 34: ...f logic signals from its measuring element and protection logic The GARD 8000 System logic uses these signals to perform trip and pilot scheme operations The default logic is bringing out some of the...

Страница 35: ...ple a 115 000 120 V PT has the ratio 1125 1 10000 1 1 Bus PT Ratio Voltage transformer ratio for a bus voltage used for the synchro check function For example a 115 000 120 V PT has the ratio 1125 1 1...

Страница 36: ...01 4 Zone 2 zero sequence angle Zero sequence impedance ZO angle in degrees for Zone 2 5 90 deg 1 75 Zone 3 k0 Factor Zero sequence compensation factor magnitude for Zone 3 k0 Z0 Z1 unitless 0 5 10 0...

Страница 37: ...epending on system configuration use the typical value 5 90 deg 1 75 Parallel line positive sequence magnitude Positive sequence impedance magnitude for a parallel line in secondary ohms Used for mutu...

Страница 38: ...e Enable 1 Enable Z2 ground units Enables trip operation by Zone 2 ground distance units Disable Enable 1 Enable Z2 phase units Enables trip operation by Zone 2 phase distance units Disable Enable 1 E...

Страница 39: ...les trip by Instantaneous Negative Sequence Overcurrent step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 50Q 3 Enables trip by Instantaneous Negative Sequence Overcurrent step 3 Disable Enable 1 Disable 51Q 1 Enables...

Страница 40: ...es trip by Overfrequency step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 81 3 Overfrequency Enables trip by Overfrequency step 3 Disable Enable 1 Disable 81 1 Rate of change of frequency Enables trip by Rate of chang...

Страница 41: ...ad compensation of the reactive quadrilateral line After this time the load compensation is turned off and the line reverts to being parallel with the R axis Recommended time delay is 0 08 s 80 ms 0 0...

Страница 42: ...ohms at set characteristic line angle 0 01 100 Ohm 0 01 2 5 Zone 4 ground resistive reach Resistive reach in secondary ohms for Zone 4 phase ground quadrilateral characteristic Note that the set resi...

Страница 43: ...w the set threshold memory is used 0 1 5 V 0 1 1 7 3 2 PILOT COMMS SCHEME Description Range Units Step Default Open breaker carrier send Enables open breaker carrier send Used with Permissive schemes...

Страница 44: ...ts in addition to the reverse blocking zone The 50P 1 50G 1 elements are utilized for this function No Yes 1 No 67 Pilot Scheme Selects the type of pilot scheme to use for the directional overcurrent...

Страница 45: ...5 Right inner resistance Resistance reach of the inner right blinder The inner blinder is used for power swing tripping only 0 1 500 Ohm 0 01 1 Left outer resistance Resistance reach of the outer lef...

Страница 46: ...ent enable Enable the load encroachment logic No Yes 1 No Right area limit Load encroachment forward load area resistive reach setting 0 1 100 Ohm 0 01 65 Left area limit Load encroachment reverse loa...

Страница 47: ...onic restraint Set the for 2nd harmonic restraint following breaker closing 0 50 1 0 Pole discordance enable Enables pole discrepancy logic No Yes 1 No Pole discordance delay Time delay for pole discr...

Страница 48: ...derfrequency step 2 40 70 Hz 0 01 40 81m 2 Underfrequency time delay Pickup time delay for underfrequency step 2 0 300 s 0 01 0 81m 2 Dropout Time Drop out time delay for underfrequency step 2 0 300 s...

Страница 49: ...e for phase directional elements 0 90 deg 1 45 67G Ground characteristic angle Characteristic angle for ground directional elements 0 90 deg 1 45 67Q Negative sequence characteristic angle Characteris...

Страница 50: ...No 50P 2 Torque control type Selection to use directional element or Zone 2 for torque control of the instantaneous phase overcurrent element step 2 67P Z2 1 67P 50P 3 Phase instantaneous enable Enabl...

Страница 51: ...rque control type Selection to use directional element or Zone 2 for torque control of the phase timeovercurrent element step 2 67P Z2 1 67P 51P 3 Phase timeovercurrent enable Enable phase timeovercur...

Страница 52: ...s ground enable Enable instantaneous ground overcurrent element step 2 No Yes 1 No 50G 2 Pickup Pickup level for instantaneous ground overcurrent element step 2 0 600 150 A 0 01 5 50G 2 Time delay Tim...

Страница 53: ...efinite Time 51G 2 Time dial Sets the time dial for the selected curve 0 05 10 0 01 1 51G 2 Time delay Sets the minimum time delay for the curves with Time Limit TL for the ground timeovercurrent elem...

Страница 54: ...le Enable instantaneous negative sequence overcurrent element step 1 No Yes 1 No 50Q 1 Pickup Pickup level for instantaneous negative sequence overcurrent element step 1 0 25 150 A 0 01 10 50Q 1 Time...

Страница 55: ...egative sequence timeovercurrent element step 1 No Yes 1 No 51Q 1 Pickup Pickup level for negative sequence timeovercurrent element step 1 0 50 25 A 0 01 2 51Q 1 Time curve Sets the time current chara...

Страница 56: ...3 Time dial Sets the time dial for the selected curve 0 05 10 0 01 1 51Q 3 Fixed time Sets the minimum time delay for the curves with Time Limit TL for the negative sequence timeovercurrent element st...

Страница 57: ...comparison blocking DCB pilot schemes the reverse sensitivity should be set higher lower setting of the current supervision element than the forward elements to ensure proper coordination 0 20 7 5 A 0...

Страница 58: ...ose 25 wait time enable Enable wait time for 2nd synchro check supervised recluse attempt If disabled synch check condition is checked following the dead time and it not fulfilled the recloser goes to...

Страница 59: ...timeovercurrent trips Step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 51P 3 RI Enable reclose initiate from phase timeovercurrent trips Step 3 Disable Enable 1 Disable 50G 1 RI Enable reclose initiate from ground in...

Страница 60: ...Yes 1 No Side A Voltage PU Sets side A voltage line side pick up 20 70 V 1 20 Side B Voltage PU Sets side B voltage bus side pick up 20 70 V 1 20 D BUS D LINE Enable Dead Bus Dead Line energizing Disa...

Страница 61: ...vel on per phase basis for three pole trip 0 10 12 A 0 01 1 1 Pole BF delay Single pole breaker failure trip delay 0 05 2 s 0 01 0 5 3 Pole BF delay Three pole breaker failure trip delay 0 05 2 s 0 01...

Страница 62: ...Delay Time delay for phase overvoltage step 3 0 300 s 0 01 0 59 3 Output Logic Selects if the three phase voltage elements should be connected in series AND or in parallel OR OR AND 1 OR 59G 1 Ground...

Страница 63: ...nt step 3 No Yes 1 No 27 3 Pickup Pickup level for phase undervoltage step 3 10 300 V 0 01 40 27 3 Time Delay Time delay for phase undervoltage step 3 0 300 s 0 01 0 27 3 Output Logic Selects if the t...

Страница 64: ...0 25 cycls 1 2 Total length Number of fault cycles in the record when Continuous Mode is set to No 5 240 cycls 1 8 VA Enables recording of analog channel voltage phase A No Yes Yes VB Enables recordin...

Страница 65: ...ative sequence overcurrent step 3 No Yes No 51P 1 Phase time overcurrent step 1 No Yes No 51P 2 Phase time overcurrent step 2 No Yes No 51P 3 Phase time overcurrent step 3 No Yes No 51G 1 Ground time...

Страница 66: ...equency step 2 No Yes No 81 3 Rate of change of frequency Rate of change of frequency step 3 No Yes No Load Restriction Load restriction characteristic picked up No Yes No Open phase 46 Broken conduct...

Страница 67: ...1 trip No Yes 1 No C 51P 1 trip No Yes 1 No 51G 1 trip No Yes 1 No A 50P 1 trip No Yes 1 No B 50P 1 trip No Yes 1 No C 50P 1 trip No Yes 1 No 50G 1 trip No Yes 1 No Open phase pickup No Yes 1 No Open...

Страница 68: ...out No Yes 1 No Reclose command No Yes 1 No Excessive number of trips No Yes 1 No Close command No Yes 1 No Open command No Yes 1 No A 50P 2 pickup No Yes 1 No B 50P 2 pickup No Yes 1 No C 50P 2 pick...

Страница 69: ...1 No C 27 2 trip No Yes 1 No Three phase 27P 2 trip No Yes 1 No A 27 3 trip No Yes 1 No B 27 3 trip No Yes 1 No C 27 3 trip No Yes 1 No Three phase 27P 3 trip No Yes 1 No A 59P 1 pickup No Yes 1 No B...

Страница 70: ...requency trip No Yes 1 No 81 1 underfrequency trip No Yes 1 No 81 2 underfrequency trip No Yes 1 No 81 3 underfrequency trip No Yes 1 No 81 1 rate of change of frequency trip No Yes 1 No 81 2 rate of...

Страница 71: ...ence primary ohms 50 86 degrees Local source impedance Z0SL zero sequence primary ohms 50 86 degrees Remote source impedance Z1SR positive sequence primary ohms 50 86 degrees Remote source impedance Z...

Страница 72: ...1 364 TX Logic Bus Length Used by system logic Factory set 0 64 1 64 Active Setting Group Determines setting group in use by the distance protection module Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 1 Group 1 20...

Страница 73: ...the Zone 2 element setting is on the page for Distance Protection Zone 1 to 4 The below figure is attempting to explain the difference between the Trip Mask and Element enable settings The figure uses...

Страница 74: ...degrees 5 90 deg 1 85 Zone 1 k0 Factor Zero sequence compensation factor magnitude for Zone 1 k0 Z0 Z1 unitless 0 5 10 0 01 3 52 Line Zero Seq Impedance Angle Zero sequence impedance angle for the pro...

Страница 75: ...on system configuration use the typical value 0 01 100 Ohm 0 01 5 00 Remote Zero Seq Source Impedance Angle Zero sequence impedance angle for the remote source in degrees Used for the fault locator As...

Страница 76: ...Zone 1 ground distance units Disable Enable 1 Enable Phase Units Z1 Enables trip operation by Zone 1 phase distance units Disable Enable 1 Enable Ground Units Z2 Enables trip operation by Zone 2 grou...

Страница 77: ...p by Instantaneous Negative Sequence Overcurrent step 1 Disable Enable 1 Disable 50Q 2 Enables trip by Instantaneous Negative Sequence Overcurrent step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 50Q 3 Enables trip by...

Страница 78: ...y step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 81 FREQCHG3 Enables trip by Rate of change of Frequency step 3 Disable Enable 1 Disable 8 1 6 REACH SETTINGS Pilot scheme settings will be discussed in further detail...

Страница 79: ...lements time delay 0 300 s 0 01 0 Zone 1 quad tilt time delay Time delay for the load compensation of the reactive quadrilateral line After this time the load compensation is turned off and the line r...

Страница 80: ...phase timer Zone 3 phase elements time delay 0 300 s 0 01 0 8 Zone 4 Enable Enable operation of Zone 4 distance No Yes 1 Yes Zone 4 direction Zone 4 measuring direction forward or reverse Note that wh...

Страница 81: ...or the quadrilateral characteristic It is typically set at 75 degrees See Description of Operation for definition of this angle 0 90 deg 1 75 Lagging phase for PH PH G faults For two phase to ground f...

Страница 82: ...n phase time delay Time delay for trip for broken conductor 0 05 300 s 0 01 0 05 46 Minimum load Sets minimum load level for the broken conductor function If the positive sequence current is below thi...

Страница 83: ...8000 21L SETTING EXAMPLES DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING 8 2 1 LINE The same example as for Stepped Distance protection is used Nominal voltage 230 kV Nominal current 5 A Frequency 60 Hz Line length...

Страница 84: ...Settings which is the Trip Mask Another on the corresponding element setting page which is the element enable setting For example the Zone 2 element setting is on the page for Distance Protection Zone...

Страница 85: ...ero Seq Impedance Angle Zero sequence impedance angle for the protected line in degrees 5 90 deg 1 74 Zone 2 k0 Factor Zero sequence compensation factor magnitude for Zone 2 k0 Z0 Z1 unitless 0 5 10 0...

Страница 86: ...ource in secondary ohms Used for the fault locator As the source impedance value may differ depending on system configuration use the typical value 0 01 100 Ohm 0 01 5 00 Remote Zero Seq Source Impeda...

Страница 87: ...f any element YES or following a trip only NO No Yes 1 Yes Three Phase Trip Selects 3 pole tripping Yes or single pole tripping No No Yes 1 Yes 1 Pole Trip 67G Selects 3 pole tripping No or single pol...

Страница 88: ...le Enable 1 Disable 50G 1 Enables trip by Instantaneous Ground Overcurrent step 1 Disable Enable 1 Disable 50G 2 Enables trip by Instantaneous Ground Overcurrent step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 50G 3...

Страница 89: ...rip by Overfrequency step 1 Disable Enable 1 Disable 81 OVERFREQ2 Enables trip by Overfrequency step 2 Disable Enable 1 Disable 81 OVERFREQ3 Enables trip by Overfrequency step 3 Disable Enable 1 Disab...

Страница 90: ...in the example is SIR 5 Z1SL 0 8 Z1L 0 8 4 13 1 5 4 As this is not a short line extended margins are not required and the zone settings 80 120 50 are consequently used in this example Zone 1 reach 80...

Страница 91: ...ements time delay 0 300 s 0 01 0 Zone 1 quad tilt time delay Time delay for the load compensation of the reactive quadrilateral line After this time the load compensation is turned off and the line re...

Страница 92: ...hase timer Zone 3 phase elements time delay 0 300 s 0 01 0 8 Zone 4 Enable Enable operation of Zone 4 distance No Yes 1 Yes Zone 4 direction Zone 4 measuring direction forward or reverse Note that whe...

Страница 93: ...phase elements but in case high resistance is expected for these type of faults the setting should be YES No Yes 1 No Distance Block Timer When a digital input is used for blocking the distance protec...

Страница 94: ...for forward phase phase and three phase impedance zone operation 0 20 7 5 A 0 01 5 34 Reverse Sup 1 Ph Minimum operating current for reverse phase ground impedance zone operation When using Zone 4 re...

Страница 95: ...t trip is issued This indicates a forward fault 8 2 9 1 FAST CARRIER START Fast Carrier Start is mainly used for one of two reasons 1 Coordination with a remote E M scheme that lacks channel coordinat...

Страница 96: ...rrent and below the current supervision setting of the remote relay Recommended setting is to use the same value as the current supervision Reverse Sup 2 Ph applied to the reverse Z4 i e 4 90 A for th...

Страница 97: ...ed However a more conservative setting of 10 ms is recommended When not applying Fast Carrier start 10 ms is recommended Note that these times assumed that the communication channel is a GARD ON OFF c...

Страница 98: ...ments only Channel receive 50 G 2 Trip 67 pilot 67 channel stop 50 G 1 0 T 67 Coord Time 67 channel start T 0 DCB67 delay time Input block trip 67 pilot 50 Q 2 50 Q 1 50 G 3 50 Q 3 Input disable 67 pi...

Страница 99: ...0Q 3 with their corresponding 67 reverse directional supervision will block trip for a fault behind the local relay Consequently they should be set more sensitive than the remote 50G 2 50Q 2 elements...

Страница 100: ...block function 0 50 ms 1 20 DCB dist delay time Sets the time delay for Directional Comparison Blocking DCB trip signal This is the amount of time the forward pilot zone will wait to receive a blockin...

Страница 101: ...e Transient Block Logic for the overcurrent directional comparison pilot schemes No Yes 1 No 8 2 12 21 DCB AND 67 DCB COORDINATION While the 50G 1 element is intended to detect close in faults in the...

Страница 102: ...s phase overcurrent element step 2 0 300 s 0 01 0 50P 2 Torque Control Direction Directional control of instantaneous phase overcurrent element step 2 NO Forward Reverse 1 NO 50P 2 Torque Control Type...

Страница 103: ...nimum time delay for the curves with Time Limit TL for the phase timeovercurrent element step 2 0 05 300 s 0 01 0 05 51P 2 Torque Control Direction Directional control of phase timeovercurrent element...

Страница 104: ...neous ground 50G 2 Enable instantaneous ground overcurrent element step 2 No Yes 1 Yes 50G 2 Pick Up Pick up level for instantaneous ground overcurrent element step 2 0 600 150 A 0 01 1 50 50G 2 Time...

Страница 105: ...haracteristic for ground timeovercurrent element step 2 see time curve selection below 1 Definite Time 51G 2 Time Dial Sets the time dial for the selected curve 0 05 10 0 01 1 51G 2 Time Delay Sets th...

Страница 106: ...y by boosting the magnitude when required The majority of applications has this factor set to 0 The minimum polarizing voltage 67G Minimum voltage is settable 0 05 10 V If the magnitudes are below the...

Страница 107: ...ements 0 05 10 V 0 01 0 2 Resid Volt Compensation Sets a factor to amplify available zero sequence voltage polarization level 0 50 0 01 0 Negative Sequence Voltage Compensation Sets a factor to amplif...

Страница 108: ...Distance Relay Setting Examples GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank August 1 2009 8 38 973 334 3100...

Страница 109: ...ing K0 defined as K0 ZL0 ZL1 where ZL0 and ZL1 are the zero sequence and positive sequence impedances of the line Each zone has an individual reach setting positive sequence impedance and individual s...

Страница 110: ...I k ZF Vc Vc1M AB Iab ZF Vab Vab1M BC 90 arg arg 90 OP POL Ibc ZF Vbc Vbc1M Ica ZF Vca Vca1M CA Table 9 2 MHO Characteristic Table Definitions Figure 8 1 shows the phase to ground fault Mho character...

Страница 111: ...fault With the voltage memory feature the positive sequence voltage two cycles prior to the fault is used to polarize the MHO characteristic The diameter of the characteristic is increased by the imp...

Страница 112: ...pedance ZL Line positive sequence impedance ZRS Remote source positive sequence impedance Zset Set reach Ieq Equivalent ground fault current Iphase I0 K0 1 Ia Phase A current The same measurement is b...

Страница 113: ...sing the voltage memory feature the positive sequence voltage prior to the fault is used to polarize the characteristic The characteristic diameter is increased by the impedance LS load Z I I When the...

Страница 114: ...ble shows the operation and polarization phasors of the Quadrilateral characteristic measuring elements as well as the applied operation criteria Table 9 5 Quadrilateral Characteristics Reactance Char...

Страница 115: ...ault occurs and point F indicates where the relay measures the fault As shown the points do not coincide due to the IF RF vector which represents the voltage drop in the fault impedance Under no load...

Страница 116: ...gamma due to the lack of homogeneity on the system The tilt angle changes the characteristic from C1 to C2 avoiding overreach of the relay during the preset tilt time and allowing the adjacent protec...

Страница 117: ...dded to the Reactance characteristic C2 The following table shows the operate and polarization phasors of the directional elements as well as the applied operating criteria Table 9 7 Directional Unit...

Страница 118: ...acteristic is polarized by the equivalent current of the corresponding phase hence they are parallel to the reactance axis Figure 9 7 shows the resistive limiter characteristic C4 and C5 added to the...

Страница 119: ...bc RPn Ibc RPn Ibc CA Vca RPn Ica RPn Ica 90 OP POL Resistive Limiter Axis R 0 Characteristic Unit OP POL Criteria AB Vab RPn Iab RPn Iab BC Vbc RPn Ibc RPn Ibc CA Vca RPn Ica RPn Ica 90 OP POL Where...

Страница 120: ...element logic is shown in the Figure below Single phase to ground measuring elements in the leading phase are not allowed to operate for two phase to ground faults as they will overreach However the...

Страница 121: ...e sequence voltage memory buffer stores the voltage from two cycles before fault inception as determined by a fault detector The use of memory voltage is conditional in addition the memorized positive...

Страница 122: ...upervision Phase B Ib Forward BG elements supervision Phase C Ic Single Phase Forward Forward CG elements supervision Phases AB Iab Forward AB elements supervision Phases BC Ibc Forward BC elements su...

Страница 123: ...ase A Zone n Unit Phase B Zone n Unit Phase C Zone n Unit Phase AB Zone n Unit Phase BC Zone n Unit Phase CA Zone n Unit 0 30 ms ZnG delay 0 ZnP delay 0 Zn Ph PU Zone n Phase Units Pick Up Zn G PU Zon...

Страница 124: ...ration This scheme provides fast tripping of the overreaching zone set beyond 100 of the line length As this scheme can make the relay operate for faults on the adjacent line Zone 1 extension is inhib...

Страница 125: ...e setting It functions as a complement to the Step Distance scheme With this scheme if a terminal locates the fault inside zone 1 adjusted below 100 of the line and the other terminal locates the faul...

Страница 126: ...wing conditions by adjusting the Power swing Element Distance pilot scheme power swing block setting In case weak infeed logic is to be used with the PUTT scheme the setting should be TRIP ECHO The Ec...

Страница 127: ...TATION B Z2 BKR A BKR B TRIP BKR A T2A A Z2 TRANSMIT TRIP B RXA TRIP BKR A T2A A Z2 TRANSMIT TRIP B RXA TRIP BKR B T2B B Z2 TRANSMIT TRIP A RXB TRIP BKR B T2B B Z2 TRANSMIT TRIP A RXB Figure 9 16 Perm...

Страница 128: ...open breaker Open breaker carrier send The time delay for this function is fixed to 100 ms The Dist carrier send extend time provides a minimum time for channel signal transmission Channel tripping a...

Страница 129: ...low for variations of the pick up time of the forward pilot zone and the reverse blocking element 21R CARRIER TX 21P 21R CARRIER TX BKR A BKR B TRIP BKR A CARRIER TX CARRIER RX T2A 21R 21P TRIP BKR B...

Страница 130: ...provided with a time delay DCB distance coordination time to allow the transmission of the channel signal between terminals Channel receive Forward pilot zone Power swing blocking Block pilot trip In...

Страница 131: ...scheme is a permissive principle forward operation AND received permission are required for a trip To accommodate for a risk of losing the carrier signal in the fault on the line an unblock trip windo...

Страница 132: ...ignal for the carrier to switch to trip frequency Distance protection channel start When the shift is recognized at the remote end a carrier receive signal is given to the receiving relay and a Distan...

Страница 133: ...in the reverse direction A B Forward Pilot A Permissive Signal from A to B Figure 9 22 Transient Block Logic A B Forward Pilot B Permissive Signal from A to B Breaker opened Trip conditions fulfilled...

Страница 134: ...the fault is inside the line the terminal will transmit a signal back to the emitter echo signal allowing tripping This signal allows the remote end terminal to trip by their overreach elements Proper...

Страница 135: ...ential Echo None Zone 4 fault Enable LOP Block Trip Weak Infeed Echo Distance VA VB VC Weak infeed Undervoltage Level T 0 Security time 0 T Distance extend time Distance Weak Infeed Settings 100 ms Tr...

Страница 136: ...fill all the conditions of a three phase fault the second phase selector algorithm is executed It compares the arguments of the negative and positive cycles If the fault is not three phase and meets t...

Страница 137: ...s plus an additional reset time of 30 ms The fault detector is also kept sealed by assertion of any of the distance elements overcurrent elements stub bus close into fault and the trip signal 9 5 LOSS...

Страница 138: ...open pole three open poles or any open pole The outputs of this unit are used by other functions such as pole discrepancy close into fault and reclosing The type of open pole logic is selected on GAR...

Страница 139: ...or CIFT supervision zone 2 Following reclosing in case of a fault inside zone 2 or zone 3 according to setting selection for CIFT supervision zone and when Z1 ext after recl is enabled 3 Following clo...

Страница 140: ...Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Reclose command Manual Close Zone 2 Zone 3 CIFT Ia Ib Ic 2nd 2nd 2nd V1 Z1 ext after recl 300 ms 300 ms CIFT supervision zone Figure 9 30 Close Into Fault Block Diag...

Страница 141: ...istic 9 9 POWER SWING BLOCK UNIT Power swing conditions are disturbances produced by imbalances between generation and demand which may originate from changes in the topology of the network load varia...

Страница 142: ...swing detection time setting there is no system fault but rather a power swing Once a power swing has been detected if the Power swing Trip function has been enabled it is determined if the swing is...

Страница 143: ...In trip time Time delay for the Way In trip operation Power swing condition reset time Reset time for the power swing condition following a swing locus moving outside the outer blinder 9 10 REMOTE OP...

Страница 144: ...2 For this the unit has an undercurrent unit whose level is given by the Min current level for the Remote Open Breaker function set in Breaker settings In case of long lines the capacitive current co...

Страница 145: ...curs The activation of the output requires that the pickup current continue throughout the integration time any reset returns the integrator to its initial condition so that a new operation initiates...

Страница 146: ...ing for all the curves is from 0 05 10 However the following restrictions apply The IEC curves have a range of 0 05 1 If set to a value above 1 it will default to the maximum setting of 1 The incremen...

Страница 147: ...d in the figure below Figure 9 35 Minimum Operating Time when set Fixed Time exceeds curve time delay at 1 5 x pick up Note It is important to realize that while the curves are defined for up to 20 ti...

Страница 148: ...scription of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc 9 11 3 INVERSE CHARACTERISTIC CURVES Figure 9 36 ANSI Moderately Inverse 0 02 0 0104 0 0226 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 40 973 334 31...

Страница 149: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 37 ANSI Inverse 2 5 95 0 180 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 41 973 334 3100...

Страница 150: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 38 ANSI Very Inverse 2 3 88 0 0963 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 42 973 334 3100...

Страница 151: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 39 ANSI Extremely Inverse 2 5 67 0 0352 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 43 973 334 3100...

Страница 152: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 40 ANSI Short time 0 02 0 00342 0 00262 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 44 973 334 3100...

Страница 153: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 41 Inverse IEC 0 02 0 14 1 s t td I August 1 2009 9 45 973 334 3100...

Страница 154: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 42 IEC Very Inverse 13 5 1 s t td I August 1 2009 9 46 973 334 3100...

Страница 155: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 43 IEC Extremely Inverse 2 80 1 s t td I August 1 2009 9 47 973 334 3100...

Страница 156: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 44 IEC Long Inverse 120 1 s t td I August 1 2009 9 48 973 334 3100...

Страница 157: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 45 IEC short inverse 0 04 0 05 1 s t td I August 1 2009 9 49 973 334 3100...

Страница 158: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 46 IEEE Moderately Inverse 0 02 0 0515 0 114 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 50 973 334 3100...

Страница 159: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 47 IEEE Very Inverse 2 19 61 0 491 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 51 973 334 3100...

Страница 160: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 48 IEEE Extremely Inverse 2 28 2 0 1217 1 S t td I August 1 2009 9 52 973 334 3100...

Страница 161: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 9 49 RI Inverse 1 1 0 339 0 236 S t td I August 1 2009 9 53 973 334 3100...

Страница 162: ...the Zone 2 element should be set reverse Ground units can be selected to be Non directional Forward by use of the ground directional element 67N Reverse by use of the ground directional element 67N Fo...

Страница 163: ...ation block When this is set to No release the instantaneous elements are enabled immediately and the time overcurrent units after the set coordination time The directional units assert when the direc...

Страница 164: ...ple in the next section Blocking zone Operating zone Characteristic angle Maximum torque Operating phasor Polarizing phasor Figure 9 50 Vector diagram for the phase directional unit The operating crit...

Страница 165: ...t fault resistance If the line impedance is Zl the fault current IA lags the voltage VA with an angle The phase directional unit does not use the phase voltage for polarization but the voltage between...

Страница 166: ...last term in the polarizing quantity is intended to increase the available polarizing quantity by boosting the magnitude The operating criterion is given in the following table ANG_67G is the set 67G...

Страница 167: ...is added to V0 The compensation value should be restricted so that misoperation does not occur for reverse faults For faults in the reverse direction V0 ZL0 ZB0 I0 where ZL0 is the line zero sequence...

Страница 168: ...COMP ANG_67Q 90 ANG_67Q arg OP arg POL 90 ANG_67Q The minimum polarizing quantity is settable 0 05 10 V The sensitivity of the operating quantity is 0 02 x IN 0 1 A for a 5A relay If the magnitudes a...

Страница 169: ...lot logic and provide higher sensitivity for high resistance ground faults The carrier send signals can be combined in the logic to be the same signal as used for the distance relay pilot operation In...

Страница 170: ...pen line disconnect switch with line PT on the line side of the switch The stub bus function uses an input from a line disconnector 89b switch together with three phase current elements set as Stub bu...

Страница 171: ...or to the overload event or repeated periods of overload shorter than the set time delay An overloaded line is normally overloaded for a reason other essential lines have tripped and a trip for overlo...

Страница 172: ...000 to memorize the temperature calculated in case of powering off the relay If this setting is enabled the thermal image algorithm s start temperature will be the memorized value The thermal image se...

Страница 173: ...etting selection is done independently for each of the three units AND The unit trips when all three phase elements pick up OR The unit trips when any one of the three phase elements pick up The three...

Страница 174: ...cted to be from each phase separately OR or for all three phases AND This setting selection is done independently for each of the three units AND The unit trips when all three phase elements pick up O...

Страница 175: ...ock Diagram for Phase Overvoltage units 9 17 3 GROUND OVERVOLTAGE UNITS 59 There are two ground overvoltage units 59G 1 and 59G 2 Each unit has a pick up setting and a timer setting The ground voltage...

Страница 176: ...been declared set as a common setting The drop out is at 99 9 of set value for the duration of the set drop out time set for the individual frequency unit 9 18 2 UNDERFREQUENCY UNITS 81M The underfre...

Страница 177: ...supply for a given portion of power systems are unequal or not distributed equally any type of a sudden generation or transmission deficiency may cause cascading outages When the load in a balanced po...

Страница 178: ...breaker failure unit is used to detect failure of the breaker to open following a trip command and to give a trip signal to other circuit breakers to isolate the fault The breaker failure unit incorp...

Страница 179: ...3PH retrip BF_B 1 Pole BF_C 1 Pole BF_A 3 Pole BF_B 3 Pole BF_C 3 Pole Ext trip A Trip B Ext trip B Trip C Ext trip C Trip 3PH Ext trip 3PH T1 0 T1 0 T1 0 T1_R 0 T1_R 0 T2_R 0 T2 0 BF Trip A retrip T1...

Страница 180: ...lected to be phase A B or C The voltage selected has to be entered in the settings so that the appropriate phase shift can be taken into account Note that the line voltage refers to the side where the...

Страница 181: ...equency limits established in the settings Verification of synchronism is defined as the comparison of the voltage difference of two circuits with different sources to be joined through an impedance t...

Страница 182: ...NCE The pole discordance logic will detect an abnormality of the position of the three breaker poles If this condition is maintained during the time setting a three pole trip is generated Given that t...

Страница 183: ...cordance OST Phase Overvoltage Trip Ground Overvoltage Trip Thermal Trip Block Distance Step Distance Trip Distance Pilot Trip Trip 50 1 Q Trip 50 1 G Pilot Trip 67 Trip 50Q Trip 50G Trip 51Q Trip 51G...

Страница 184: ...ed in the Reclosing Attempts setting Reclosing can be initiated by a large number of measuring units in the GARD 8000 as determined by setting 9 23 1 RECLOSE INITIATE BY EXTERNAL TRIPS The recloser op...

Страница 185: ...RI 51G 2 RI 51G 3 RI 50Q 1 RI 50Q 2 RI 50Q 3 RI 51Q 1 RI 51Q 2 RI 51Q 3 RI Open phase RI Out of Step Trip RI Remote Breaker Open Enable Step Distance Reclose Initiate 50P 3 RI CIFT Reclose cycle in p...

Страница 186: ...reclose attempts SIR reclose initiate Reset CC 0 n 0 Start Time SIR Reclose Initiate 52b 1 TRIP 0 TRIP 1 SIR 0 Lock out for Start Time failure SIR 1 TRIP 1 52b 0 CC 1 SIR 0 TRIP 0 52b 1 Recl Cycle Tim...

Страница 187: ...signal is still active or the breaker is still closed the recloser goes into lock out The recloser remains in locked out state until the breaker is manually closed for the time set on Security Time af...

Страница 188: ...before a reclose is attempted Activation of the Reclose Command signal Recl generates the breaker closing command signal When the Start Time state is reached the corresponding timer will be started Th...

Страница 189: ...utput Recl is activated to send a close command to the breaker and an adjustable Fail to Close Timer is started If the breaker closes before the Fail to Close Time is completed the Recloser Reset Time...

Страница 190: ...is received further operations are suspended No reclose attempts will be initiated after a breaker trip The type of signal used for external block of the recloser can be set Recloser blocking type re...

Страница 191: ...gnal since synchronism is included in the Recloser logic When the closing command is due to a manual operation through the HMI or through communications local or remote the local control logic will ch...

Страница 192: ...The second setting is used to enter a starting value for the calculated sum in case the breaker has been in service some time after maintenance before GARD 8000 is installed It is also used to reset...

Страница 193: ...h voltage The duration of the voltage memory will be given by the Memory duration setting In general to correctly clear faults in a forward direction it is not necessary to use long memory times becau...

Страница 194: ...Description of Operation GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank August 1 2009 9 86 973 334 3100...

Страница 195: ...t records give even more information about the fault condition such as pre fault and fault analog values 10 2 MEASURED VALUES AND TRIP STATUS The GARD 8000 distance relay will display the measured val...

Страница 196: ...Sequence of Events Reports and Fault Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 10 2 Distance Metering March 1 2009 10 2 973 334 3100...

Страница 197: ...lt Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Unit Status displays the status of all measuring elements whether they are in picked up state or not Figure 10 3 Distance Protection Unit Stat...

Страница 198: ...ts Reports and Fault Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Recloser Status displays which elements are active in the recloser logic Figure 10 4 Distance Recloser Status March 1 2009 1...

Страница 199: ...orts and Fault Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Last Trip Status displays which elements were active during the last trip event Figure 10 5 Distance Status at last trip March 1 2...

Страница 200: ...ed as 1 and the newest as 100 The record is accessed by selecting the distance relay module on the main status screen and selecting Distance Sequence of Events The events are time tagged from the syst...

Страница 201: ...ing GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Selecting an SOE button gives further details about the event which elements were picked up with fault currents and voltages Figure 10 7 Distance SOE d...

Страница 202: ...ed the relay operation 15 detailed fault records are stored Figure 10 8 Distance Fault Record At fault inception the following information is presented Date and time stamp Pre fault currents and volta...

Страница 203: ...stamp Fault currents and voltages as measured two and a half cycles following the fault inception The displayed values include phase currents and phase voltages neutral current and voltage and sequenc...

Страница 204: ...Sequence of Events Reports and Fault Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 10 9 Distance Fault Record Details Part 2 of 3 March 1 2009 10 10 973 334 3100...

Страница 205: ...Sequence of Events Reports and Fault Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Figure 10 9 Distance Fault Record Details Part 3 of 3 March 1 2009 10 11 973 334 3100...

Страница 206: ...hey are 3 PHASE CURRENTS 3 phase voltages 1 neutral current used for sensitive ground fault relaying or current polarization or the directional units 1 neutral current from a parallel line used for mu...

Страница 207: ...ithm compensates for load flow and uses an innovative steady state algorithm for very accurate distance to fault indication 10 3 1 SETTINGS FOR THE FAULT LOCATOR Line Impedance Local Source Impedance...

Страница 208: ...Sequence of Events Reports and Fault Recording GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank March 1 2009 10 14 973 334 3100...

Страница 209: ...ming of both the System logic and the distance relay module logic unless custom logic has been requested The following section describes the default programming of the distance relay module For System...

Страница 210: ...GRAMMING The following signals are supplied as standard Note that any physical input can be connected to any number of virtual inputs via the input mapping pages No Signal Option logic 1 RESET OSC PBI...

Страница 211: ...1G 1 43 BLOCK 51G 2 44 BLOCK 51G 3 45 BLOCK 51Q 1 46 BLOCK 51Q 2 47 BLOCK 51Q 3 48 BLOCK 27P 1 49 BLOCK 27P 2 50 BLOCK 27P 3 51 BLOCK 59P 1 52 BLOCK 58P 2 53 BLOCK 59P 3 54 BLOCK 59G 1 55 BLOCK 59G 2...

Страница 212: ...function The physical input can be a 52a or a 52b In addition the logic accommodates dual breaker inputs The System logic provides the necessary logic for achieving this function and appropriate setti...

Страница 213: ...IMAGE TRIP Latched 1 Y 35 THERMAL IMAGE ALARM Latched 1 Y 36 OSC TRIGGERED Latched 1 Y 37 50P PICKUP Non latched 1 N 38 50G PICKUP Non latched 1 N 39 50Q PICKUP Non latched 1 N 40 51P PICKUP Non latc...

Страница 214: ...on request This is a Windows based application that needs to be installed on a PC In addition the following files are needed and will be provided by RFL Profile Id txt and cache_perfiles txt and DR C0...

Страница 215: ...C000000 prp file has not been properly copied to PerfilesProcome in the Zivercom program directory Next select the configuration This is the cfp file provided by RFL and copied to Configuraciones In...

Страница 216: ...0 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Click the sign twice to open the menu and select Configuration Click on Edit The next window gives a number of options in the top bar menu Only Logic is applicable...

Страница 217: ...e addressed one by one Only Digital Inputs and Digital Outputs are available as Logic Type Both of these have an editable label field The window then lists all of the logic inputs to the distance rela...

Страница 218: ...ot connected to the outer world will not interfere with anything The number of assigned inputs 72 and outputs 64 should not be changed without consultation with RFL as this also influences the system...

Страница 219: ...00 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc CABLE assigns a Digital Input Output to a Logic Input Output In the Input example Digital Input 1 mapped to a physical input via the System Logic will clear oscil...

Страница 220: ...a breaker open input where one Digital Input asserts 4 Logic Inputs OR AND Performs this operation on up to 16 signals For example for the outputs above all 50P elements have been combined ORed to on...

Страница 221: ...ogramming GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc 11 5 3 PROGRAMMING A DIGITAL INPUT OR DIGITAL OUTPUT To program a Digital Input the input in question is first selected Then click Edit March 1 2...

Страница 222: ...ample shows the CABLEM function where Digital Input 5 asserts 4 Logic Inputs Note that any of these inputs can be inverted by the check box next to them To add one more input click a down arrow by an...

Страница 223: ...en in the drop down menu The entire list for available signals is attached at the end of this document Note that a Logic input can only be selected once If for example Pole A Open Input should be conn...

Страница 224: ...ay Logic Programming GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Outputs are programmed in the same manner Note that also here inversion check boxes are available for all signals March 1 2009 11 16 9...

Страница 225: ...8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc 11 5 4 SAVING AND COMPILING THE CONFIGURATION To save the new programming click OK until the following screen shows up Here select Save from the file menu Save...

Страница 226: ...000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Before compiling you need to load the new configuration in the previous screen Select File Exit Click in the New Value field and select the configuration you jus...

Страница 227: ...y zivercom Zivercom needs this file for final compilation Then go back to Edit File Compile configuration If no error text is displayed the file compiled correctly and can be found in the directory Co...

Страница 228: ...E INTO GARD The new programming now compiled in a file name MANUAL CMP in this example is ready to be loaded into a GARD Select File operations from the main menu Send File to GARD 8000 scroll down to...

Страница 229: ...Distance Relay Logic Programming GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc March 1 2009 11 21 973 334 3100...

Страница 230: ...Distance Relay Logic Programming GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc Select it and send to GARD March 1 2009 11 22 973 334 3100...

Страница 231: ...Distance Relay Logic Programming GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc March 1 2009 11 23 973 334 3100...

Страница 232: ...Unit 1 Pick Up OUT 42 51Q Unit 2 Pick Up OUT 42 51Q Unit 3 Pick Up OUT 42 59G Unit 1 Pick Up 59G Unit 2 Pick Up 81 Frequency Rate of Change Unit 1 Pick Up 81 Frequency Rate of Change Unit 2 Pick Up 81...

Страница 233: ...se A 27P Unit 2 Pick Up Phase A 27P Unit 3 Pick Up OUT 37 Phase A 50P Unit 1 Pick Up OUT 37 Phase A 50P Unit 2 Pick Up OUT 37 Phase A 50P Unit 3 Pick Up OUT 40 Phase A 51P Unit 1 Pick Up OUT 40 Phase...

Страница 234: ...ase A Supervision Pick Up Single Pole Trip Breaker Failure Phase B Supervision Pick Up Single Pole Trip Breaker Failure Phase C Supervision Pick Up OUT 44 Stub Protection Pick Up Three Phase 27P Unit...

Страница 235: ...rip OUT 17 81 Frequency Rate of Change Unit 1 Trip OUT 27 81 Frequency Rate of Change Unit 2 Trip OUT 27 81 Frequency Rate of Change Unit 3 Trip OUT 27 81 Overfrequency Unit 1 Trip OUT 26 81 Overfrequ...

Страница 236: ...ase B 50P Unit 3 Trip OUT 10 Phase B 51P Unit 1 Trip OUT 13 Phase B 51P Unit 2 Trip OUT 13 Phase B 51P Unit 3 Trip OUT 13 Phase B 59P Unit 1 Trip OUT 17 Phase B 59P Unit 2 Trip OUT 17 Phase B 59P Unit...

Страница 237: ...nfeed Trip 67G Q OUT 9 Weak Infeed Trip Distance OUT 8 Zone1 Step Distance Trip Zone2 Step Distance Trip Zone3 Step Distance Trip Zone4 Step Distance Trip Generic Protection Output Default 27P Unit 1...

Страница 238: ...on 59G Unit 1 Enabled 59G Unit 2 Enabled 59P Unit 1 Enabled 59P Unit 2 Enabled 59P Unit 3 Enabled 67G Forward Direction 67G Reverse Direction 67 Time Delayed Forward Direction 67G Time Delayed Reverse...

Страница 239: ...stic AG Zone 2 Characteristic AG Zone 3 Characteristic AG Zone 4 Characteristic Any Pole Open Arc Detector Arc Detector Enabled BC Fault OUT 58 59 BC Zone 1 Characteristic BC Zone 2 Characteristic BC...

Страница 240: ...e 1 Enabled Distance Unit Zone 2 Enabled Distance Unit Zone 3 Enabled Distance Unit Zone 4 Enabled External Three Pole Trip External Trip Fail to Close Recloser Lock Out Fault Detector Activation OUT...

Страница 241: ...1P Unit 1 Pick Up Condition Phase A 51P Unit 2 Pick Up Condition Phase A 51P Unit 3 Pick Up Condition Phase A 67P Forward Direction Phase A 67P Reverse Direction Phase A Retrip OUT 2 Phase A Time Dela...

Страница 242: ...Command Recloser Lock Out OUT 5 Recloser Start Recloser Unblock Command Remote Breaker Open Detector Enabled Series Compensated Lines Logic Enabled Stub Protection Detector Enabled Synchrocheck Close...

Страница 243: ...Zone 2 Fault OUT 62 Zone 2G inst Forward Direction Zone 2G Inst Reverse Direction Zone 2G Time Delayed Forward Zone 2G Time Delayed Reverse Zone 2P inst Forward Direction Zone 2P Inst Reverse Directi...

Страница 244: ...y Pole Open Input Block 27P Unit 1 IN 48 Block 27P Unit 2 IN 49 Block 27P Unit 3 IN 50 Block 50G Unit 1 IN 33 Block 50G Unit 2 IN 34 Block 50G Unit 3 IN 35 Block 50P Unit 1 IN 30 Block 50P Unit 2 IN 3...

Страница 245: ...t for 67G Q IN 9 Channel Trip Block Input for Distance IN 8 Close Trip IN 21 Console Contacts Position BF Pick Up Input IN 22 Disable 50Q Unit 1 Disable 50Q Unit 2 Disable 50Q Unit 3 Disable 51G Unit...

Страница 246: ...elete Oscillography Command IN 1 Distance Reset Manual Close Command IN 3 Manual Open Command IN 4 Open I2 Counter Reset Command IN 68 Reclose Counter Reset Command Recloser Manual Block Command IN 19...

Страница 247: ...t 2 Enable 27P Unit 3 Enable 50 BF Breaker Failure Unit Enable 50G Unit 1 Enable 50G Unit 2 Enable 50G Unit 3 Enable 50P Unit 1 Enable 50P Unit 2 Enable 50P Unit 3 Enable 50Q Unit 1 Enable 50Q Unit 2...

Страница 248: ...nable Input Pole Discrepancy Enable Input Remote Open Breaker Detector Enable Input Series Compensated Logic Enable Input Stub Protection Detector Enable Input Others Default Any Unit Picked Up Change...

Страница 249: ...and Failure Protection Trip Protection in Service Settings Change Initialization Settings File Received Settings Group 1 in Service OUT 50 Settings Group 2 in Service OUT 51 Settings Group 3 in Servic...

Страница 250: ...Distance Relay Logic Programming GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank March 1 2009 11 42 973 334 3100...

Страница 251: ...wnloaded from the GARD chassis has all graphics removed Once the GARD is powered up from the Home web page click on Settings select File Operations select Save File to PC select Gard System Manual PDF...

Страница 252: ...er source on the rear terminal block labeled for Power Supply 1 and Power Supply 2 3 Locate the rear panel power switch move the switch to the OFF position before connecting power 4 Connect a station...

Страница 253: ...et the rear port IP address if desired from the pull down menu Settings Chassis Configuration Controller and set the system time through the Systems Labels and Time web page 12 5 LOGIC SOFTWARE VERIFI...

Страница 254: ...ed in accordance with the AC schematic shown below The Distance Relay I O module must be installed in the same physical slot as the Distance Relay Module 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 GARD 8000 A B C Slot 3 VA VB V...

Страница 255: ...N Figure 12 3 Distance Relay I O connections Commissioning 12 7 DISTANCE RELAY CONFIGURATION SETTINGS VERIFICATION 1 Click on Settings and select Chassis Configuration 2 At the Chassis Configuration p...

Страница 256: ...on the Home page in order to display the Chassis Configuration Status web page 2 At the Chassis Configuration Status web page click on the Distance Relay module 3 At the Distance Protection web page...

Страница 257: ...le hardware input or output can be freely assigned to any logical input or output that is available in the Input or Output mapping block please use the GARD logic drawing as a reference Verify which c...

Страница 258: ...nc 3 Click on Output Mapping and verify all Output Mapping 4 Mapping changes can be made using the same web pages Any changes on the Input and Output mapping web pages must be first saved and then rel...

Страница 259: ...tings from the drop down menu select System Labels and Triggers and then select LED Logic Assignments 3 Confirm correct LED assignments Note Not all labels are shown 12 11 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION VERIFIC...

Страница 260: ...ional testing of the Distance Relay This commissioning procedure covers the following BASIC tests A B C Phase to Ground 3 Phases to Ground A to B Phase A to C Phase 3 Phase Before proceeding with any...

Страница 261: ...files can be opened with COMTRADE compatible software used for viewing the Oscillography records RFL provides free of charge a copy of COMTRADE compatible software that can be downloaded from the RFL...

Страница 262: ...se Angle Frequency Hz VA 69 00V 0 00 60 00 30 0V 0 00 60 0 VB 69 00V 240 00 60 00 69 28V 240 00 60 0 VC 69 00V 120 00 60 00 69 28V 120 00 60 0 IA 0 00A 0 00 60 00 10 00A 70 00 60 0 IB 0 00A 0 00 60 00...

Страница 263: ...Frequency Hz Amplitude Phase Angle Frequency Hz VA 69 00V 0 00 60 00 69 00V 0 00 60 0 VB 69 00V 240 00 60 00 69 00V 240 60 0 VC 69 00V 120 00 60 00 5 00V 120 60 0 IA 0 00A 0 00 60 00 0 00A 0 00 60 0...

Страница 264: ...one 1 Phase C A Pre Fault Settings Fault Settings Source Amplitude Phase Angle Frequency Hz Amplitude Phase Angle Frequency Hz VA 69 00V 0 00 60 00 50 00V 22 89 60 0 VB 69 00V 240 00 60 00 144 34V 165...

Страница 265: ...ay settings for a specific application were not programmed at the factory modify the programmable settings under Settings Chassis Configuration Distance Relay 7 Modify the Front Panel LED Logic Assign...

Страница 266: ...Commissioning GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc This page intentionally left blank March 1 2009 12 16 973 334 3100...

Страница 267: ...ctions 3U 6 2 F Fault Detector 9 29 Increase of Sequence Currents 9 29 Fault Locator 10 13 Fault Records Web Pages 10 8 Frequency Units 9 68 Functional Testing 12 10 G General description 2 1 General...

Страница 268: ...ts 8 12 Settings Breaker Failure 7 27 Current Misc 7 23 Current Elements Directional 7 15 Phase 7 16 DFR 7 30 Distance Elements Pilot Comms Scheme 7 9 Swing Block and Advanced Functions 7 11 Zone 1 to...

Страница 269: ...N NOTES This section contains application notes which are intended to assist users in configuring their GARD Distance Relay Module In most cases the application note would be customer specific The fol...

Страница 270: ...Application Notes GARD 8000 Distance Relay RFL Electronics Inc March 1 2009 14 2 973 334 3100...

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