
Reference
Only
Manitowoc
Published 12-05-17, Control # 035-23
7-1
18000 SERIVCE/MAINTENANCE MANUAL
POWER TRAIN
7
SECTION 7
POWER TRAIN
BATTERY MAINTENANCE
Safety Information
Avoid sparks while charging batteries. Do not disturb
connection between batteries until charger is OFF.
Another source of explosion lies in the reverse connection of
charging equipment. This hazard is present with all types of
chargers, but particularly in the case of high-rate equipment.
Carefully check the connections before turning the charger
ON.
Improper use of a “booster” battery to start a crane when the
normal battery is inadequate presents a definite explosion
hazard. To minimize this hazard, the following procedure is
suggested:
1.
First connect both jumper cables to the battery on the
crane to be started. Do not allow ends of cables to touch.
2.
Then connect the positive cable to the positive terminal
of the booster battery.
3.
Finally, connect the remaining cable to the frame or
block of the starting vehicle.
Never
connect it to the
grounded terminal of the starting vehicle.
If electrolyte comes in contact with eyes, skin, or clothing, the
area must be immediately flushed with large amounts of
water. Seek first aid if discomfort continues.
Causes Of Battery Failure
Overcharging
Overcharging is the number one cause of battery failure, and
is most often caused by a malfunctioning voltage regulator.
Excessive heat is the result of overcharging. Overheating
causes the plates to warp which can damage separators and
cause a short circuit within a cell. This bubbling and gassing
of the electrolyte can wash the active material from the
plates, reducing the battery’s capacity or causing an internal
short.
Undercharging
Undercharging can cause a type of sulfate to develop on the
plates. The sulfate causes strains in the positive plates which
causes plate buckling. Buckled plates can pinch the
separators and cause a short circuit. An undercharged
battery is not only unable to deliver power, but may freeze
(see
).
Table 7-1 Battery Freeze Points
The sulfate condition can eventually be converted to metallic
lead which can short the positive and negative plates. These
small shorts can cause low cell voltage when the battery is
charged.
Lack of Water
The plates must be completely covered. If the plates are
exposed, the high acid concentration will char and
disintegrate the separators. The plates cannot take a full
charge if not completely covered by electrolyte.
Hold-Downs
Loose hold-downs will allow the battery to vibrate in the
holder. This can cause cracks or wear in the container and
cause acid to leak. Leaking acid corrodes terminals and
cables causing high resistance battery connections. This
weakens the power of the battery. Overtightened hold-downs
can also distort or crack the container.
Overloads
Avoid prolonged cranking or the addition of extra electric
devices which will drain the battery and may cause
excessive heat.
Multiple Battery System
Multiple battery systems are connected either in series or in
parallel.
Always refer to wiring diagram for correct
connection.
NOTE:
Installing batteries with reversed electrical
connections will not only damage batteries but also
crane’s electrical system, voltage regulator, and/or
alternator.
WARNING
Battery gases are explosive!
Batteries can explode with great violence and spraying of
acid if a spark or flame is brought too near them. The
room or compartment in which batteries are stored must
be ventilated and away from flames or sparks.
State of Charge
Specific
Gravity
Freeze Point
°
C (°F)
100%
1.26
-57 (-70)
75%
1.23
-38 (-36)
50%
1.20
-26 (-15)
25%
1.17
-19 (-2)
DISCHARGED
1.11
-8 (18)
Содержание 18000
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