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StoreX
Series
STX_V078.doc
47
CMa,
23.11.2009
Properties of Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide is colorless and odorless as gas or liquid. It is stored In
containers under its own vapor pressure. If the pressure is suddenly relieved, the
liquid rapidly cools as it evaporates and sublimes, forming dry ice at -78.5°C (-
109.3°F)
Boiling Point @ 1 atm
-78.5°C, -109.3°F
Freezing Point @ 1 atm
-56.6°C, 76.0°F
Vapor Pressure @ 20°C
56.5 atm, 831 psi
Solubility in Water @ 20°C, 1 atm
87.8% vol.
Specific Gravity (air =1) @ 20°C, 1 atm
1.53
Health Hazard Data of Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a minor but important constituent of the atmosphere, averaging
about 0.03% or 300 ppm by volume. At higher concentrations it affects the
respiratory rate. Additional symptoms are described below.
WARNING !
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE TLV = 5’000 ppm
TLV-STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit) = 15’000 ppm (=1.5% vol.)
Carbon dioxide does not support life and may produce immediately hazardous
atmospheres. At a concentration in excess of 1.5%, carbon dioxide may produce
hyperventilation, headaches, visual disturbances, tremor, loss of consciousness
and, death. Symptoms of exposure In the concentration ranges of 1.5-5% may be
highly variable, but typical symptoms of carbon dioxide intoxication include the
following:
CO2 Concentration
Symptoms
3-6%
Headaches, dyspnea, perspiration, breathing increases
to approximately four times normal rate, symptoms of
intoxication become evident, and slight choking may be felt.
6-10%
Headache, dyspnea, perspiration, tremors, visual
disturbance,
characteristic sharp odor noticeable, very
labored breathing and ringing in the ears, judgment may be
impaired, followed within minutes by loss of consciousness.
Over 10%
Unconsciousness
occurs more rapidly above 10% level.
Prolonged exposure to high concentrations may eventually
result in death from asphyxiation.
If the concentration of carbon dioxide exceeds 10%, unconsciousness can occur
without warning, preventing self-rescue. At much higher concentrations, carbon
dioxide displaces the oxygen in air below levels necessary to support life.
Persons suffering from the toxic effect of carbon dioxide should be moved to
areas with normal atmosphere. Self contained breathing apparatus may be
necessary to prevent toxic exposure or asphyxiation of rescue workers. Assisted
respiration and supplemental oxygen should be given if the victim is not
breathing. Frozen tissues should be flooded or soaked with tepid water (105-
115F; 41-46C). Do not use hot water. Cryogenic burns which result in blistering
or deeper tissue freezing should be seen to promptly by a physician.
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