900-00275-01-001 Rev A
53
Operation
Battery Charging
IMPORTANT:
Battery charger settings need to be correct for a given battery type. Always follow battery
manufacturer recommendations. Making incorrect settings, or leaving them at factory default
settings, may cause the batteries to be undercharged or overcharged.
State of Charge (SoC)
Battery capacity is measured in ampere-hours or amp-hours (Ah), a measurement of current
over time. SoC is a percentage of the battery’s total capacity, which is provided by the battery
manufacturer and entered in
Amp hours per string (Ah).
The inverter senses the current flow
either into or out of the batteries over time and calculates the Ah gain or loss. The resulting SoC is
displayed on page 19.
Criteria
State of charge is not strictly a matter of counting amp-hours. The charger must reach the requisite
criteria (voltage, current, time) before the batteries can be fully charged. For this reason, the
charger settings on page 49 must be programmed accurately. Similarly,
Amp hours per string
(Ah)
and
Number of strings
must be correct for the inverter to make accurate measurements.
Charge Current
Batteries or battery banks usually have a recommended limit on the maximum current used for
charging or discharging. Often this is calculated as a percentage or fraction of the battery capacity,
represented by “C”. For example, C/5 would be a DC amperage figure that is 1/5 of the total amp-
hours of the bank.
Max charge current (A)
: The maximum total DC input current that the battery can accept.
Max discharge current (A)
: The maximum total DC output that the battery can support.
This item only applies when connected to an AC source. It restricts the amount of current
drawn from the battery for supporting or demand mitigation when blended with an AC source.
It may be used to protect a battery of limited size, or simply to pace the rate of discharge.
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Max charge current (A)
must be set so that the peak charge current does not exceed the
maximum current recommended by the battery manufacturer.
Charge Efficiency
The batteries cannot accept 100% of the charging energy due to internal losses. The charging
algorithm discounts a percentage of the charge and does not apply it to the SoC. The amount can
be set as the
Charge efficiency
on page 50. The default setting is 95% but should be set as
accurately as possible for the batteries. Charging efficiency decreases with battery age.
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