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D-Link DES-3326SR Layer 3 Switch

Multicasting

Multicasting is a group of protocols and tools that enable a single source point to send packets to groups of multiple
destination points with persistent connections that last for some amount of time. The main advantage to multicasting is a
decrease in the network load compared to broadcasting.

Multicast Groups

Class D IP addresses are assigned to a group of network devices that comprise a multicast group. The four most

significant four bits of a Class D address are set to “1110”. The following 28 bits is referred to as the ‘multicast group ID’.
Some of the range of Class D addresses are registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for special
purposes. For example, the block of multicast addresses ranging from 224.0.0.1 to 224.0.0.225 is reserved for use by routing
protocols and some other low-level topology discovery and maintenance protocols.

Some of the reserved IP multicast addresses are as follows:

Reserved Multicast Address Assignment

Address Assignment

224.0.0.0

Base Address (reserved)

224.0.0.1

All Systems on this subnet

224.0.0.2

All Routers on this subnet

224.0.0.3 Unassigned
224.0.0.4 DVMRP

Routers

224.0.0.5

OSPF IGP Routers

224.0.0.6

OSPF IGP Designated Routers

224.0.0.7 ST

Routers

224.0.0.8 ST

Hosts

224.0.0.9

All RIP2 Routers

224.0.0.10

All IGRP Routers

224.0.0.11 Mobile

Agents

224.0.0.12

DHCP Servers and Relay Agents

224.0.0.13

All PIM Routers

224.0.0.14 RSVP

Encapsulation

224.0.0.15

All CBT Routers

224.0.0.16 Designated

Sbm

224.0.0.17 All

Sbms

224.0.0.18 VRRP
224.0.0.19
through
224.0.0.225

Unassigned

224.0.0.21

DVMRP on MOSPF

202

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Содержание DES-3326SR

Страница 1: ...D Link DES 3326SR 24 Port Layer 3 Stackable Switch With Optional RPS Support Manual May 2005 651SR3326S035...

Страница 2: ...forbidden Trademarks used in this text D Link the D LINK logo are trademarks of D Link Computer Corporation Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Other trademarks a...

Страница 3: ...e You Connect to the Network 17 Connecting the Console Port 17 Password Protection 18 IP Address Assignment 19 SNMP Settings 20 Installing the Switch in a Rack 22 Connecting Stacked Switch Groups 23 C...

Страница 4: ...ee Protocol 60 802 1w Rapid Spanning Tree 60 Configure STP Switch Settings 61 STP Port Settings 63 Quality of Service Configuration 65 Configure QoS Output Scheduling 66 Configure 802 1p User Priority...

Страница 5: ...IGMP Group Table 122 IP Multicast Forwarding Table 123 802 1X Authentication Status 123 Switch History 124 Switch Utilities 125 TFTP Services 125 Ping Test 127 DHCP BOOTP and DNS Relay 128 VLANs and I...

Страница 6: ...Settings 182 Route Redistribution Settings 183 Technical Specifications 185 Network Addressing and Protocols 187 IP Addresses 187 Internet Protocols 192 Packet Headers 194 The Domain Name System 198 D...

Страница 7: ...ot intended a thorough or exhaustive study network management Intended Readers The DES 3326SR Manual contains information useful for setup and management and of the DES 3326SR Switch This manual is in...

Страница 8: ...t If the system gets wet see the appropriate section in your troubleshooting guide or contact your trained service provider Do not push any objects into the openings of your system Doing so can cause...

Страница 9: ...urces of power disconnect power from the system by unplugging all power cables from the power supplies Move products with care ensure that all casters and or stabilizers are firmly connected to the sy...

Страница 10: ...st be positively grounded to the rack cabinet frame Do not attempt to connect power to the system until grounding cables are connected Completed power and safety ground wiring must be inspected by a q...

Страница 11: ...the same routing routines and protocols as traditional routers The main difference between traditional routing and Layer 3 switching is the addition of a group of Layer 2 switching domains and the ex...

Страница 12: ...MAC based access control and Radius Client support Administrator definable port security Per port bandwidth control Broadcast Multicast and DLF storm control IEEE 802 3z and IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow...

Страница 13: ...ers and hubs All ports can auto negotiate between 10Mbps or 100Mbps full or half duplex and flow control LED Indicators The LED indicators of the Switch include Power Console RPS and Link Act The foll...

Страница 14: ...ng module Link The Link LED lights to confirm a valid link Act The ACT LED blinks to indicate activity on the link STACK NO The Stack Number seven segment LED displays the Unit number assigned to the...

Страница 15: ...supply voltage in the range from 100 240 VAC at 50 60 Hz Side Panels The right side panel of the Switch contains two system fans see the top part of the diagram below The left side panel contains heat...

Страница 16: ...0BASE TX Module Figure 1 5 100BASE TX two port module Port Functions Fully compliant with IEEE802 3 10BASE T IEEE802 3u 100BASE TX Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 10 100M operatio...

Страница 17: ...ctions Fully compliant with IEEE802 3u 100BASE FX Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 100M Full duplex Flow control IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Connecto...

Страница 18: ...ns Fully compliant with IEEE802 3u 100BASE FX Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 100M Full duplex Flow control IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Connector SC...

Страница 19: ...SE T IEEE802 3u 100BASE TX and IEEE802 3ab 1000BASE T Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 10 100 1000M Full duplex Flow control IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full dup...

Страница 20: ...802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Connector SC Type Distance 550m DEM 320S 2 port 1000BASE SX Gigabit Ethernet Module Port Functions 2 1000BASE SX Gigabit Ethernet ports IEEE 802...

Страница 21: ...dule Port Functions 2 1000BASE LX Gigabit Ethernet ports IEEE 802 3z 1000BASE LX compliance Supports Full duplex operations IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Supports single m...

Страница 22: ...s full duplex operations IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex DEM 320GH 2 port GBIC based Gigabit Ethernet Module Port Functions 2 GBIC based Gigabit Ethernet ports Allows multi...

Страница 23: ...Control support for full duplex Stacking Port Function 1 transmitting port and 1 receiving port IEEE1394 b compliance Forwarding rate up to 965Mbps LED Indicators Link Off No Link Solid Green Link Act...

Страница 24: ...port on one switch to an OUT port on the next switch in the stack In this way a loop is made such that all of the switches in the switch stack have the IN stacking port connected to another switch s O...

Страница 25: ...complete access to all Switch management features For a full list of commands see the Command Line Reference Manual which is included on the documentation CD SNMP Based Management You can manage the S...

Страница 26: ...ing Stacked Switch Groups Configuring a Switch Group for Stacking Connecting Devices to the Switch Package Contents Before you begin installing the Switch confirm that your package contains the follow...

Страница 27: ...ta rate to 9600 baud c Set the data format to 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity d Set flow control to none e Under Properties select VT100 for Emulation mode f Select Terminal keys for Function Arr...

Страница 28: ...d to provide a password Type the password used for the administrator account being created and press the Enter key 3 You will be prompted to enter the same password again to verify it Type the same pa...

Страница 29: ...ith the Web based manager The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known The IP address may be set u...

Страница 30: ...e format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to access this information over the network The DES 3326SR supports the SNMP versions 1 2c and 3 You can specify which version of the SNMP you...

Страница 31: ...Switch uses the standard MIB II Management Information Base module Consequently values for MIB objects can be retrieved from any SNMP based network management software In addition to the standard MIB...

Страница 32: ...er to the illustrations below 1 Use the supplied screws to attach a mounting bracket to each side of the Switch 2 Align the holes in the mounting bracket with the holes in the rack 3 Insert and tighte...

Страница 33: ...ustrates stacking connections for a six switch stack Figure 2 7 Switch Stack connections between optional stacking modules The stacking ports are marked IN and OUT The IEEE 1394 compliant cable must b...

Страница 34: ...essary to use the CLI command config stacking mode disable A Switch that has stacking mode disabled should never connect to another Switch through stacking ports See below for notes on standalone oper...

Страница 35: ...unction in a stacked group as the Master do the following 1 At the CLI login prompt enter config stacking mode enable master and press the Enter key 2 You will be prompted to save the stacking mode co...

Страница 36: ...odule is installed the stacking port should not be used Configuration settings for a standalone Switch are saved in a configuration file that is only used for standalone operation This standalone conf...

Страница 37: ...you prefer to disable stacking for a standalone Switch use the CLI command config stacking mode disable Once stacking mode has been disabled on a Switch do not use the stacking ports if there are any...

Страница 38: ...s to the Switch These connections can be accomplished at any port in either straight through cable or a crossover cable because the switch supports Auto MDIX function NOTE Auto MDIX function is not su...

Страница 39: ...ld be disconnected before proceeding with installation of the DPS 200 The DPS 900 is a standard size rack mount 5 standard units in height designed to hold up to 8 redundant power supplies These can b...

Страница 40: ...power supply Using a standard AC power cable connect the redundant power supply to the main AC power source A green LED on the front of the DPS 200 will glow to indicate a successful connection Re co...

Страница 41: ...t are the same as those found in the console program Before You Start The DES 3326SR Layer 3 Switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by...

Страница 42: ...ternal router to connect to the rest of the network 6 Develop a policy scheme Some subnets will have a greater need for multicasting bandwidth for example A policy is a mechanism to alter the normal p...

Страница 43: ...er window Area Function 1 Presents a graphical near real time image of the front panel of the Switch This area displays the Switch s ports and expansion modules When the Switch is stacked a virtual re...

Страница 44: ...ined below or use the command line interface CLI command save Web Pages and Menus Menus for configuration and information are organized in two folders or directories Basic Setup and Advanced Setup The...

Страница 45: ...hanges and Restart System Most of these menus and the subdirectorys located in the Basic Setup folder are discussed in later chapters The subdirectories include SNTP Settings Network Management Switch...

Страница 46: ...folder To configure the Switch s IP address Open the Basic Setup folder and click the Basic Switch Setup menu button The web manager will display the Current Switch IP Settings at the top of the menu...

Страница 47: ...ly the address of a router or a host acting as an IP gateway If your network is not part of an intranet or you do not want the Switch to be accessible outside your local network you can leave this fie...

Страница 48: ...on You will be prompted to confirm that you want to delete the account Click OK to delete the account information and continue Figure 3 5 User Accounts Add Add a new user by typing in a User Name and...

Страница 49: ...r privileges Management Admin User Configuration Yes Read Only Network Monitoring Yes Read Only Community Strings and Trap Stations Yes Read Only Update Firmware and Configuration Files Yes No System...

Страница 50: ...nges to NV RAM before rebooting the Switch Factory Reset Click the Factory Reset link in the Basic Setup folder to bring up the reset menu Figure 3 8 Factory Reset to Default Value The following optio...

Страница 51: ...save the current configuration to non volatile RAM before restarting the Switch Clicking the No option instructs the Switch not to save the current configuration before restarting the Switch All of th...

Страница 52: ...nected they may be stacked in groups of up to thirteen Switches Changes to a Switches stacking mode must be using the CLI interface Please refer to the CLI Reference Manual or read Configuring a Switc...

Страница 53: ...Notice in the example above Switch number 2 Unit ID 2 has a Start Port of 27 since there are twenty six ports on the Master Switch A third Switch is added to the stack so the Start Port of Switch num...

Страница 54: ...r 5 Port Configuration Configure Ports Serial Port Settings Port Security Settings Traffic Segmentation This section contains information for configuring various attributes and properties for individu...

Страница 55: ...it will be necessary to select the Unit switch according to its logical position in the stack Figure 5 1 Choose switch from stack Click the radio button on the far left to select the port you want to...

Страница 56: ...x state of the port Auto auto negotiation between 10 and 100 Mbps devices full or half duplex The Auto setting allows the port to automatically determine the fastest settings the device the port is co...

Страница 57: ...t rate used to communicate with a management station The console baud rate is 9600 bits per second Data Bits Displays the number of bits that make up a word when communicating with the management stat...

Страница 58: ...ecurity Settings Figure 5 6 Configure Port Security Configure the following parameters for Port Security Parameter Description Admin State Disabled Toggle Admin State to either enable or disable port...

Страница 59: ...and click the Edit button This will open the following dialog box Figure 5 7 Traffic Segmentation Edit In the Edit menu select the Forward Ports for the specified port A Forward Port is a port that is...

Страница 60: ...ther the aggregated links must all be of the same speed and should be configured as full duplex The configuration of the lowest numbered port in the group becomes the configuration for all of the port...

Страница 61: ...n order to determine which port is used to transmit load sharing data This feature is only available using the address based load sharing algorithm Figure 6 1 Link Aggregation Algorithm Selection Sele...

Страница 62: ...groups configured will appear listed in the table To remove a group select the group from the table and click on the Delete button To create a new Link Aggregation group click the New button Figure 6...

Страница 63: ...k aggregation group when editing and existing entry Type Select the type of link aggregation used for the group If type is not specified the default type is Static Aggregated ports may be either LACP...

Страница 64: ...t should be noted that a faster port a 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet port for example should not be mirrored to a slower port one of the 24 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet port because many packets will be droppe...

Страница 65: ...n in the forwarding table without being accessed that is how long a learned MAC Address is allowed to remain idle The Aging Time can be set to any value between 10 and 1 000 000 seconds To configure t...

Страница 66: ...ion that will be entered into the switch s static forwarding table when adding a new entry Displays the currently selected MAC address when editing VLAN Name Allows the entry of the VLAN Name of the V...

Страница 67: ...the Forwarding folder and then the MAC Forwarding folder and then click on the Multicast MAC Address Settings link Figure 8 5 Multicast MAC Address Settings To add a new multicast MAC address to the...

Страница 68: ...and or are looped on a network causing noticeable performance degradation and in extreme cases network failure The DES 3326SR allows some control over broadcast multicast storms by setting thresholds...

Страница 69: ...by the port group falls The Multicast Storm Mode is Enabled or Disabled using the pull down menu for the corresponding port group When the Multicast Storm Mode is enabled and a port contained within...

Страница 70: ...transition relates to the role of the port forwarding or not forwarding in the topology RSTP combines the transition states disabled blocking and listening used in 802 1d and creates a single state Di...

Страница 71: ...der RSTP all ports operating in full duplex mode are considered to be P2P ports unless manually overridden through configuration 802 1w 802 1d Compatibility RSTP can interoperate with legacy equipment...

Страница 72: ...t on the switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state Priority 0 61440 32768 A Priority for the switch can be set from 0 to 61440 This number is us...

Страница 73: ...port priority and port cost to be the connection to the network for the group Redundant links will be blocked just as redundant links are blocked on the switch level The STP on the switch level blocks...

Страница 74: ...ation should be enabled yes on ports connected to network stations or segments that will be upgraded to 802 1w RSTP on all or some portion of the segment Edge No Select True or False Choosing true des...

Страница 75: ...switch is configured to empty the buffer using strict priority NOTICE The default QoS scheduling arrangement is a strict priority schedule To customize scheduling to set up round robin queue clearing...

Страница 76: ...5 The MAX Latency field specifies the maximum amount of time in multiples of 16 microseconds that a queue will have to wait before being given access to the transmit buffer The MAX Latency is a priori...

Страница 77: ...iven Class of Service on the switch you can then assign this Class to each of the 8 levels of 802 1p priorities Open the 802 1 User Priority configuration menu in the QoS subdirectory to see the menu...

Страница 78: ...on the 802 1p Default Priority link Figure 10 3 Priority Based on Port This window allows you to assign a default 802 1p priority to any given port on the switch The priority queues are numbered from...

Страница 79: ...he far left column that corresponds to the port you want to configure and click the Edit button A new dialog box used to edit bandwidth settings opens Figure 10 4 Edit Port Bandwidth To limit either t...

Страница 80: ...rding database MAC Notification Global Settings Figure 11 1 MAC Notification Global Settings Configure the following MAC notification global settings Parameter Description State Enable or Disable MAC...

Страница 81: ...st numbered port from the list and click the Edit button a separate menu will appear Figure 11 3 MAC Notification Port Settings Edit Configure the following MAC notification global settings Parameter...

Страница 82: ...ured will be retained regardless of whether the system log is on or off Figure 12 1 System Log State menu The switch can send system log messages to up to four designated servers Use the System Log Se...

Страница 83: ...ve been designated are shown in the following Bold font means the facility values the switch supports now Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons...

Страница 84: ...rs can set or are displayed Parameter Description Current Time Displays the current system time Time Source Displays the time source for the system SNTP State Use this pull down menu to Enable or Disa...

Страница 85: ...D Link DES 3326SR Layer 3 Switch Time Zone and DST See the table below for a description of the Time Zone and DST parameters Figure 13 2 Time Zone and DST Settings 75...

Страница 86: ...f the month that DST will start From Day of Week Enter the day of the week that DST will start on From Month Enter the month DST will start on From time in HH MM Enter the time of day that DST will st...

Страница 87: ...can be specified on a basis of VLAN MAC address or IP address First create the Access Profile Mask then define the rules used to allow access Access Profile Mask Creating an access profile is divided...

Страница 88: ...Access Profile Select profile based on Ethernet MAC Address or IP address This will change the menu according to the requirements for the type of profile Select Ethernet to instruct the switch to exa...

Страница 89: ...D Link DES 3326SR Layer 3 Switch IP based Access Profile Mask Select the IP option from the Access Profile pull down menu to view the following Figure 14 3 IP Address Access Profile Mask Add 79...

Страница 90: ...parameter can be implemented using the CLI interface This option is not available using the web interface Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the protocol type value in each frame s...

Страница 91: ...ile from the Access Profile Mask Setting Table and click the Edit Rule button Figure 14 4 Access Profile Rule Setting To create a new rule set for the access profile click the New button A new menu is...

Страница 92: ...packets that meet the criteria A number between 0 lowest priority and 7 highest priority can be entered replace_priority Select this option to instruct the switch to replace the 802 1p value in a pack...

Страница 93: ...ter an IP address for the source IP address Destination IP Destination IP Enter an IP address for the destination IP address priority Select this option to instruct the switch to use the 802 1p priori...

Страница 94: ...procedure as ACL configuration and requires some of the same input parameters CPU Interface Filtering is configured in a manner similar to creating an Access Profiles First a mask is created to speci...

Страница 95: ...the New button To change an existing entry or view the rules for an entry select the Profile ID number and click the Edit Rule button Figure 14 8 CPU Interface Filtering Table To create a CPU Interfac...

Страница 96: ...ader Select IP to instruct the switch to examine the IP address in each frame s header VLAN Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the VLAN part of each packet header and use this as th...

Страница 97: ...sk parameter can be implemented using the CLI interface This option is not available using the web interface Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the protocol type value in each frame...

Страница 98: ...rface Filtering Rule Configuration Ethernet Configure the following CPU Interface Filtering Rule Ethernet settings Parameter Description Permit Deny Select Permit to specify that the packets that matc...

Страница 99: ...hat match the access profile are forwarded by the switch according to any additional rule added see below Select Deny to specify that packets that do not match the access profile are not forwarded by...

Страница 100: ...d Network Access Control Through this mechanism users have to be authorized before being able to access the network See the following figure DES 3326S Switch Figure 14 14 Typical 802 1X Configuration...

Страница 101: ...X Configuration with User Authentication The user s information including account number password and configuration details such as IP address and billing information is stored in a centralized RADIUS...

Страница 102: ...eceive frames IEEE 802 1X operation must be enabled on the switch before it will function It will necessary to determine the whether to port based or MAC based 802 1x authorization see below 802 1X St...

Страница 103: ...ort status Lists the current status of port Authorized or Unauthorized PAE State Displays the administrative control over the port s authorization status Force Authorized forces the Authenticator of t...

Страница 104: ...become Authorized Force Unauthorized forces the port to become Unauthorized Quiet Period Select the time interval between authentication failure and the start of a new authentication attempt Tx Period...

Страница 105: ...ort Capability for a port select the port to be configured and determine the 802 1x port capability Click the Apply button to configure the capability Parameter Description Port Select the port or low...

Страница 106: ...follows Parameter Description Port Select the port or lowest number of the group of ports being configured Configure Ports from __ to __ A consecutive groups of ports may be configured starting with...

Страница 107: ...s are identical to the Initialize Ports parameters since they are basically doing the same thing Parameter Description Port Select the port or lowest number of the group of ports being configured Conf...

Страница 108: ...e the table below for a description Figure 14 25 Edit Radius Server Settings Figure 14 26 Radius Server Add Configure the following Radius server settings when adding or editing Parameter Description...

Страница 109: ...nus to select the SNMP version used for specific tasks SNMP Version The DES 3326SR supports the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP versions 1 2c and 3 The SNMP version used to monitor and control...

Страница 110: ...menu will appear Figure 15 1 SNMP View Table Add New Figure 15 2 SNMP View Table Parameter Description View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters This is used to identify the new SN...

Страница 111: ...he previous menu Figure 15 3 SNMP Group Table To delete an existing entry click the selection button on the far left that corresponds to the port you want to configure and click the Delete button To c...

Страница 112: ...ion of authentication and encrypting packets over the network Security Level Use the pull down menu to select the SNMP version NoAuthNoPriv Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encrypt...

Страница 113: ...s SNMP agent View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the switch The view name...

Страница 114: ...he New button a separate menu will appear Figure 15 9 SNMP Host Table Add Parameter Description IP Address Type the IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the...

Страница 115: ...group Figure 15 10 SNMP User Table To delete an existing entry click the selection button on the far left that corresponds to the port you want to configure and click the Delete button To create a new...

Страница 116: ...laborate SNMP v3 SNMP Management configuration is presented in a separate chapter below Figure 15 12 Management IP Address Setup Select up to three management stations used to manage the Switch If you...

Страница 117: ...e ARP Table OSPF Information DVMRP Information PIM Neighbor Address Table GVRP Status Router Ports IGMP and IGMP Snooping Information IP Multicast Forwarding Table 802 1X Authentication Status Switch...

Страница 118: ...e link Figure 16 1 Port Utilization Line Chart Figure 16 2 Port Utilization Table Select the desired port by clicking on the front panel display in the upper part of the web page or use the Unit and P...

Страница 119: ...nd rate of unicast multicast and broadcast packets received by the switch are displayed To view an analysis of packets received or transmitted by a port open the Network Monitoring folder and the Stat...

Страница 120: ...isplays the number of bytes octets received by the switch in total number Total and rate Total sec RX Frames Displays the number of packets frames received by the switch in total number Total and rate...

Страница 121: ...64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and had either an FCS or an alignment error Jabber The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding f...

Страница 122: ...a port number it makes an entry into its forwarding table These entries are then used to forward packets through the switch To view MAC Address Table open the Network Monitoring folder and the Address...

Страница 123: ...Table Parameter Description IP Address The IP address of the router Netmask The subnet mask corresponding to the IP address above Gateway The IP address of the gateway between the switch and this rou...

Страница 124: ...RP Table open the Network Monitoring folder and the Address Tables subdirectory and click on the ARP Table link Figure 16 7 ARP Table Use the ARP Table to search for MAC addresses Enter the Interface...

Страница 125: ...ure 16 8 OSPF LSDB Table The following fields can be set or are displayed Parameter Description Area ID Displays the OSPF Area ID LSDB Type Displays which one of four types of link advertisements by w...

Страница 126: ...Changes The number of times the neighbor router has changed state OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table Figure 16 10 OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table The following fields can be set or are displayed Parameter Descr...

Страница 127: ...ding subnet mask to search the table Click Find and the DVMRP Routing table will be searched for the IP address and subnet mask above The following fields are displayed Parameter Description Source Ad...

Страница 128: ...t Hop Table The following fields are displayed Parameter Description Source IP Address The network address which when combined with the corresponding next hop Source Mask value identifies the source f...

Страница 129: ...ghbor Address Table The following fields are displayed Parameter Description Interface The name of the IP interface the router resides on Neighbor Address IP address of the PIM neighbor Expire Time Ti...

Страница 130: ...as a static router port designated by S A router port that is dynamically configured by the switch is designated by D To browse the Router Ports open the Network Monitoring folder and the Status subd...

Страница 131: ...ayed Parameter Description Multicast Group The IP address of the multicast group MAC Address The MAC address of the multicast group Port Map These are the ports where the IGMP packets were snooped are...

Страница 132: ...able open the Network Monitoring folder and the Status subdirectory Click on the IGMP Group Table link to see the following menu Figure 16 19 IGMP Group Table Specify the Interface and Multicast Group...

Страница 133: ...address of the multicast group Source IP Address The IP address of the multicast source Source Mask The subnet mask corresponding to the IP address above Upstream Neighbor The IP address of the next...

Страница 134: ...be viewed The Switch records all traps in sequence that identify events on the switch The time since the last cold start of the switch is also recorded The link to view Switch History is located in th...

Страница 135: ...on the Download Firmware from TFTP Server link Figure 17 1 Download Firmware from Server Select which switch of a switch stack you want to update the firmware on This allows the selection of a particu...

Страница 136: ...FTP server Click Apply to record the IP address of the TFTP server Use Save Changes from the Maintenance menu to enter the address into NV RAM Click Start to initiate the file transfer Save Settings t...

Страница 137: ...path and filename for the history log on the TFTP server Click Apply to make the changes current Click Start to initiate the file transfer Ping Test Ping is a small program that sends data packets to...

Страница 138: ...OTP DHCP Relay Status Disabled This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the pull down menu It is used to enable or disable the BOOTP DHCP Relay service on the switch The default is...

Страница 139: ...e name you want to configure for DHCP relay and the IP address of the server Click on the New button to enter the relay settings Up to four servers can be entered for each IP interface Figure 17 8 BOO...

Страница 140: ...bled using the pull down menu and is used to enable or disable the DNS Relay service on the switch Name Server 1 0 0 0 0 Allows the entry of the IP address of a primary domain name server DNS Name Ser...

Страница 141: ...Configuration To create a new DNS Relay Static entry enter the Domain Name and the associated IP address Click on the New button to enter the settings into the static table Figure 17 11 DNS Relay Stat...

Страница 142: ...itch are bridged using the Spanning Tree algorithm A Switch that implements layer 3 or subnet VLANs without performing any routing function between these VLANs is referred to as performing IP Switchin...

Страница 143: ...the packet header Ingress port A port on a Switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN decisions must be made Egress port A port on a Switch where packets are flowing out of the Switch...

Страница 144: ...tion contained in the packet originally is retained The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address but before the original EtherType Length or Logical Link Control Because the pac...

Страница 145: ...VLAN information into the header of all packets that flow into and out of it If a packet has previously been tagged the port will not alter the packet thus keeping the VLAN information intact The VLA...

Страница 146: ...to each VLAN in IP Routing mode The VLANs must be configured prior to setting up the IP interfaces Configure 802 1Q Static VLANs The VLAN menu adds an entry to edit the VLAN definitions and to config...

Страница 147: ...VLANs Entry Settings Add To edit an existing 802 1Q VLAN click the corresponding click box and then click the Edit button to open the following dialog box Figure 19 3 802 1Q Static VLANs Entry Settin...

Страница 148: ...to be specified as member of a VLAN Tagged Allows an individual port to be specified as Tagging A Check in the Tagged field specifies the port as a Tagging member of the VLAN When an untagged packet...

Страница 149: ...sm that associates a port with a specific VLAN and is used to make forwarding decisions for untagged packets received by the port For example if port 2 is assigned a PVID of 3 then all untagged packet...

Страница 150: ...VRP menu in the VLAN Configurations folder select Enabled from the drop down menu and click on the Apply button GVRP may be disabled universally without changing any of the per port GVRP settings so t...

Страница 151: ...24 0 0 decimal Using a 10 xxx xxx xxx IP address notation the above example would give 6 network addresses and 6 subnets Any IP address from the allowed range of IP addresses for each subnet can be ch...

Страница 152: ...3 Switch Figure 20 1 Setup IP Interface To setup an new IP interface click the New button Figure 20 2 Setup IP Interface Add To edit an existing IP interface click on the Edit button Figure 20 3 Setu...

Страница 153: ...face Name This field displays the name for the IP interface The default IP interface is named System IP Address Enter an IP address to be assigned to this IP interface Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask...

Страница 154: ...ocols subdirectory in the Layer 3 IP Networking folder Multicast Global Configurations IGMP Snooping DVMRP and PIM DM can be enabled or disabled on the switch without changing the individual protocol...

Страница 155: ...lick the IGMP Snooping Configurations to open the following menu Figure 21 2 IGMP Snooping Configuration To edit an IGMP Snooping entry on the switch select the entry on the IGMP Snooping Configuratio...

Страница 156: ...ry messages including those sent in response to leave group messages The default is 1 second Querier State This field can be switched using the pull down menu between Disabled and Enabled Host Timeout...

Страница 157: ...ce configured on the switch is displayed in the above IGMP Interface Configuration dialog box To configure IGMP for a particular interface click the corresponding click box for that IP interface and c...

Страница 158: ...corresponding to the IP interface name above Version 2 Enter the IGMP version 1 or 2 that will be used to interpret IGMP queries on the interface Query Interval 125 Allows the entry of a value between...

Страница 159: ...delivery It relies upon RIP hop counts to calculate shortest paths back to the source of a multicast message but defines a route cost to calculate which branches of a multicast delivery tree should be...

Страница 160: ...Mode PIM DM functions please read Appendix C The PIM DM settings menu links are located in the PIM DM subdirectory located in the Layer 3 IP Networking configuration folder The Protocol Independent M...

Страница 161: ...the name of the IP interface for which PIM DM is to be configured This must be a previously defined IP interface IP Address Displays the IP address for the IP interface named above Hello Interval 30 T...

Страница 162: ...be made using both MAC addresses and IP addresses Static IP forwarding is accomplished by the entry of an IP address into the switch s Static IP Routing table Static routes that have been previously c...

Страница 163: ...address above Backup Status Specify the route as Primary or Backup If a single IP route is used it is unnecessary to change this Designate a backup route if an alternate route is desired A backup IP r...

Страница 164: ...ngs using this menu Figure 22 5 RIP Status RIP settings are configured for each IP interface on the Switch Click the RIP Interface Settings link in the RIP folder The menu appears in table form listin...

Страница 165: ...Disabled prevents the transmission of RIP packets RX Mode Disabled Toggle among Disabled V1 Only V2 Only and V1 or V2 This entry specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to interpret r...

Страница 166: ...advisable to begin with the backbone area 0 and work outward The Link State Algorithm An OSPF router uses a link state algorithm to build a shortest path tree to all destinations known to the router T...

Страница 167: ...elays in sending packets over a 56 Kbps dial up connection than over a 10 Mbps Ethernet connection The formula used to calculate the OSPF cost is as follows Cost 100 000 000 bandwidth in bps As an exa...

Страница 168: ...ded in the Router A s shortest path tree The resulting tree will look like this Router A Router B Router C 128 213 0 0 192 213 11 0 222 211 10 0 0 10 10 5 10 Figure 23 3 Constructing a Shortest Path T...

Страница 169: ...by Border Routers and describe links to networks outside the area but within the Autonomous System AS Network Link State Updates issued by multi access areas that have more than one attached router On...

Страница 170: ...ne is at the center of all other areas all areas of the network have a physical or virtual connection to the backbone through a router OSPF allows routing information to be distributed by forwarding i...

Страница 171: ...been seen before its neighbors declare the OSPF router down OSPF routers exchange Hello packets on each segment in order to acknowledge each other s existence on a segment and to elect a Designated R...

Страница 172: ...ry The primary router will poll the secondary for information Exchange Routers will describe their entire link state database by sending database description packets Loading The routers are finalizing...

Страница 173: ...of the packet s contents except for the 64 bit authentication field Authentication Type The type of authentication to be used for the packet Authentication A 64 bit field used by the authentication sc...

Страница 174: ...he view of the advertising router The DR is identified here by its IP interface address on the network Backup Designated Router The identity of the Backup Designated Router BDR for this network The BD...

Страница 175: ...increments until the complete database description has been sent The rest of the packet consists of a list of the topological database s pieces Each link state advertisement in the database is descri...

Страница 176: ...te advertisements may be included in a single packet Link State Update packets are multicast on those physical networks that support multicast broadcast In order to make the flooding procedure reliabl...

Страница 177: ...state advertisement is described by its link state advertisement header It contains all the information required to uniquely identify both the advertisement and the advertisement s current instance L...

Страница 178: ...ities supported by the described portion of the routing domain Link State Type The type of the link state advertisement Each link state type has a separate advertisement format The link state type are...

Страница 179: ...or each IP Type of Service TOS Router links advertisements are flooded throughout a single area only Table 9 Routers Links Advertisement Field Description V bit When set the router is an endpoint of a...

Страница 180: ...d point to point connection it specifies the interface s MIB II ifIndex value For other link types it specifies the router s associated IP interface address This latter piece of information is needed...

Страница 181: ...Length Network Link Advertisements 2 Network Mask Attached Router Table 11 Network Link Advertisement Field Description Network Mask The IP address mask for the network Attached Router The Router Ids...

Страница 182: ...ised for each IP Type of Service Note that the cost for TOS 0 must be included and is always listed first If the T bit is reset in the advertisement s Option field only a route for TOS 0 is described...

Страница 183: ...Link State Sequence Number Link State Checksum Length Network Mask TOS Metric AS External Link Advertisements 5 Forwarding Address External Route Tag E Table 13 AS External System Advertisement Field...

Страница 184: ...OSPF Interface Configuration OSPF Virtual Interface Settings Area Aggregation Configuration OSPF Host Route Settings Route Redistribution Settings This chapter describes how to configure OSPF settings...

Страница 185: ...logy information to the OSPF routing domain MD5 Keys created here are entered in when setting up OSPF interfaces Please read the description in the section below about OSPF Interface Settings To confi...

Страница 186: ...r general OSPF configuration Parameter Description OSPF Route ID A 32 bit number in the same format as an IP address xxx xxx xxx xxx that uniquely identifies the Switch in the OSPF domain It is common...

Страница 187: ...nd then click the Edit button Figure 24 7 OSPF Area Setting Edit The following fields can be set or are displayed Parameter Description Area ID A 32 bit number in the form of an IP address xxx xxx xxx...

Страница 188: ...appear listed To configure an OSPF Interface click on the OSPF Interface Configuration link Figure 24 8 OSPF Interface Configuration All of the IP Interfaces currently configured on the switch will be...

Страница 189: ...ea Auth Type This field can be toggled between None Simple and MD5 using the space bar This allows a choice of authorization schemes for OSPF packets that may be exchanged over the OSPF routing domain...

Страница 190: ...onds Enter a value between 1 and 65535 seconds The Hello Interval Dead Interval Authorization Type and Authorization Key should have identical settings for all routers on the same network Dead Interva...

Страница 191: ...gation Configuration To add an OSPF Area Aggregation entry on the switch click the New button Figure 24 13 OSPF Aggregation Configuration Add Specify the OSPF Aggregation settings and click the Apply...

Страница 192: ...e 24 14 OSPF Host Route Settings To add a OSPF Host Route on the switch click the New button Figure 24 15 OSPF Host Route Settings Add Specify the host route settings and click the Apply button to add...

Страница 193: ...ndividual routers current routing protocol The DES 3326SR can redistribute routing information between the OSPF and RIP routing protocols to all routers on the network that are running OSPF or RIP Rou...

Страница 194: ...rotocol of the source device Available choices are RIP OSPF or Static Dest Protocol Allows the selection of the protocol of the destination device Available choices are RIP and OSPF Type Allows the se...

Страница 195: ...r Optic UTP Cat 5 for 100Mbps UTP Cat 3 4 5 for 10Mbps EIA TIA 568 100 ohm screened twisted pair STP 100m IEC 793 2 1992 Type A1a 50 125um multimode Type A1b 62 5 125um multimode Both types use SC opt...

Страница 196: ...ng Temperature 0 to 50 degrees Celsius 32 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit Storage Temperature 25 to 55 degrees Celsius 13 to 131 degrees Fahrenheit Humidity Operating 5 to 95 RH non condensing Storage 0 to...

Страница 197: ...rformed between an IP address and a subnet mask Subnet Address another name for network address IP Addresses The Internet Protocol IP was designed for routing data between network sites Later it was a...

Страница 198: ...second number called the Subnet mask is the other part To make this a bit more confusing the subnet mask has the same numerical form as an IP address Address Classes Address classes refer to the range...

Страница 199: ...rther subnet a network When a bitwise logical AND operation is performed between the subnet mask and the IP address the result defines the Subnet Address Some restrictions apply to subnet addresses Ad...

Страница 200: ...from the node address Written in CIDR notation this becomes 10 32 0 0 11 Class A Subnet Masks of Bits Subnet Mask CIDR Notation of Subnets of Hosts Total Hosts 2 255 192 0 0 10 2 4194302 8388604 3 25...

Страница 201: ...26 510 64260 8 255 255 255 0 24 254 254 64516 9 255 255 255 128 25 510 126 64260 10 255 255 255 192 26 1022 62 63364 11 255 255 255 224 27 2046 30 61380 12 255 255 255 240 28 4094 14 57316 13 255 255...

Страница 202: ...SI model is shown below note that this is not a complete listing of the protocols contained within each layer of the model Figure B 1 OSI Seven Layer Network Model Each layer is a distinct set of prog...

Страница 203: ...s defined Layer 2 This layer commonly called the Switching layer allows end station addressing and the establishment of connections between them Layer 2 Switching forwards packets based on the unique...

Страница 204: ...ng of the packets that make up the e mail exchange TCP makes sure the e mail commands and messages are received by the appropriate computers It keeps track of what is sent and what is received and ret...

Страница 205: ...has been received If the transmitting TCP does not receive an acknowledgement in a reasonable amount of time the data is resent The window field controls the amount of data being sent at any one time...

Страница 206: ...ype code There is no relationship between the MAC address of a network node and its IP address There must be a database of Ethernet addresses and their corresponding IP addresses Different protocol fa...

Страница 207: ...eds to be different It is possible for example for two users to send files to the same destination at the same time This could give the following connection numbers Internet addresses TCP ports Connec...

Страница 208: ...what hierarchical fashion A single server often holds names for a single network which is connected to a root DNS server usually maintained by an ISP Domain Name Resolution The domain name system can...

Страница 209: ...e expires the network device sends a message to the DHCP server requesting a lease renewal The DHCP server can send an acknowledgement containing a new lease and updated configuration information If a...

Страница 210: ...cts the local network to a backbone network or to the Internet This default gateway is also used whenever no specific route is found for a packet or when there are several gateways on a network Local...

Страница 211: ...n field of the packets to be sent If the remote computer does not have an ARP cache entry the local computer must send an ARP request and wait for a reply When the local computer receives the ARP repl...

Страница 212: ...oses For example the block of multicast addresses ranging from 224 0 0 1 to 224 0 0 225 is reserved for use by routing protocols and some other low level topology discovery and maintenance protocols S...

Страница 213: ...ished using IGMP The IGMP Type codes are shown below IGMP Type Codes Type Meaning 0x11 Membership Query if Group Address is 0 0 0 0 0x11 Specific Group Membership Query if Group Address is Present 0x1...

Страница 214: ...in amount of time If it has then the packet does not need to be forwarded at all and can be dropped If the packet is being received for the first time it should be flooded to all interface except the...

Страница 215: ...Subsequent routers in the tree that have no active path to another router are referred to as leaf routers If the multicast packet if forwarded to a leaf router that has no active multicast group membe...

Страница 216: ...imes referred to as cost So learned routes are retained until a new route with a lower hop count is learned When learned routes are entered into the routing table a timer is started This timer is rest...

Страница 217: ...f trace mode obsolete 5 Reserved for Sun Microsystem s internal use 9 Update Request 10 Update Response 11 Update Acknowledgement 3 The field VERSION contains the protocol version number 1 in this cas...

Страница 218: ...se the same subnet mask as the router s network can contain subnetted routes other interfaces cannot The router will then advertise only a single route to the network RIP Version 2 Extensions RIP vers...

Страница 219: ...signated downlink ports Backbone The part of a network used as the primary path for transporting traffic between network segments bandwidth Information capacity measured in bits per second that a chan...

Страница 220: ...opulation SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol A protocol that allows IP to run over a serial line connection SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol A protocol originally designed to be used in managin...

Страница 221: ...aced Hardware is delivered If a material defect is incapable of correction or if D Link determines in its sole discretion that it is not practical to repair or replace the defective Hardware the price...

Страница 222: ...and shipped in strict compliance with the foregoing requirements or for which an RMA number is not visible from the outside of the package The product owner agrees to pay D Link s reasonable handling...

Страница 223: ...and exclusions may not apply This limited warranty provides specific legal rights and the product owner may also have other rights which vary from state to state Trademarks Copyright 2005 D Link Corp...

Страница 224: ...Link or for which the purchase price is refunded shall become the property of D Link upon replacement or refund Limited Software Warranty D Link warrants that the software portion of the product Softw...

Страница 225: ...charges are prepaid by the customer D Link may reject or return any product that is not packaged and shipped in strict compliance with the foregoing requirements or for which an RMA number is not vis...

Страница 226: ...tive owners Copyright Statement No part of this publication or documentation accompanying this product may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative such as translation...

Страница 227: ...witch Product Registration Register online your D Link product at http support dlink com register Product registration is entirely voluntary and failure to complete or return this form will not dimini...

Страница 228: ...he countries as listed in this addendum The Limited Product Warranty will be honored in any country where D LINK or its authorized service providers offer warranty service subject to the terms and con...

Страница 229: ...d under this limited warranty become the property of D LINK The replacement part or product takes on the remaining limited warranty status of the removed part or product The replacement product need n...

Страница 230: ...ngeschr nkten Garantie Garantielaufzeit frei von wesentlichen Verarbeitungs und Materialfehlern sind Voraussetzung hierf r ist jedoch dass das Produkt entsprechend dem Benutzerhandbuch und den weitere...

Страница 231: ...nkte Garantie des entfernten Teils oder Produkts wird auf das Ersatzteil oder produkt bertragen Das Austauschprodukt muss weder neu sein noch dem defekten Produkt ganz oder in Teilen entsprechen D LI...

Страница 232: ...t e indiqu e ci dessous P riode de Garantie Produit Limit e sous r serve qu ils soient utilis s et entretenus conform ment au manuel utilisateur et aux autres documents remis au client lors de l achat...

Страница 233: ...de cette garantie limit e deviennent propri t de D LINK La pi ce ou le produit de remplacement est couvert par la garantie limit e de la pi ce ou du produit d origine pendant la p riode restante Le p...

Страница 234: ...nt a limitada del producto si el producto se ha utilizado y mantenido conforme a lo recogido en el manual del usuario o en otra documentaci n que se haya proporcionado al comprador en el momento de la...

Страница 235: ...omponentes que se eliminen bajo esta garant a limitada ser n propiedad de D LINK La parte o el producto de repuesto adquiere para el resto de la garant a limitada el estatus de parte o producto elimin...

Страница 236: ...a condizione che vengano utilizzati e sottoposti a manutenzione in conformit con il manuale d uso e con ogni altra documentazione fornita all acquirente all atto dell acquisto e relativi emendamenti D...

Страница 237: ...i termini e alle condizioni della presente garanzia divengono di propriet di D LINK Il pezzo o il prodotto in sostituzione beneficer della garanzia per il tempo residuo della parte o del prodotto orig...

Страница 238: ...tralia 1 Giffnock Avenue North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia TEL 61 2 8899 1800 FAX 61 2 8899 1868 URL www dlink com au India D Link House Kurla Bandra Complex Road Off CST Road Santacruz East Mumbai 400098...

Страница 239: ...p us to support your product 1 Where and how will the product primarily be used Home Office Travel Company Business Home Business Personal Use 2 How many employees work at installation site 1 employee...

Страница 240: ......

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