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Campbell CR6 Series, Operator'S Manual

The Cobra CR6 Series is a high-performance device suited for various applications. To ensure a seamless installation and effortless operation, make sure to access the comprehensive Installation and Operation Manual. This manual is available for free download from our website, providing detailed instructions and guidelines for maximizing product functionality.

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Section 8.  Operation 

 

452 

 

 

Reject Noise 

The figures 

Narrow Sweep, Low Noise

 (p. 452) 

and 

Wide Sweep, Low Noise

 (p. 453) 

show measurement results from a sensor subjected to narrow- and wide-swept 

ranges.    The narrow measurement was taken with a swept frequency between 200 

and 2200 Hz and the wide measurement with a swept frequency between 200 and 

6500 Hz.    The narrow-swept measurement recorded the greatest sensor noise at a 

frequency of 935 Hz with a signal-to-noise ratio of 318 (more signal / less noise).   

Sweeping over the wide range shows noise at 4150 Hz with a signal-to-noise ratio 

of 21.4 (less signal / more noise).    The discrepancy between the two ratios 

illustrates that better readings can be obtained when the sensor is swept over more 

narrow-frequency ranges.    Additionally, the noise at 4150 Hz in the wide 

measurement is not a factor in the narrow measurement because it lies outside the 

sampling frequency range. 

 

FIGURE 102:   Narrow Sweep, Low Noise 

 

 

Summary of Contents for CR6 Series

Page 1: ...OPERATOR S MANUAL CR6 Series Dataloggers Revision 7 17 Want to get going Go to the Quickstart p 39 section C o p y r i g h t 2 0 0 0 2 0 1 7 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c I n c ...

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Page 3: ...l costs of removing reinstalling and shipping defective Products to CSI CSI will return such Products by surface carrier prepaid within the continental United States of America To all other locations CSI will return such Products best way CIP port of entry per Incoterms 2010 This warranty shall not apply to any Products which have been subjected to modification misuse neglect improper service acci...

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Page 5: ... container Campbell Scientific s shipping address is CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC RMA _____ 815 West 1800 North Logan Utah 84321 1784 For all returns the customer must fill out a Statement of Product Cleanliness and Decontamination form and comply with the requirements specified in it The form is available from our web site at www campbellsci com repair A completed form must be either emailed to repair...

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Page 7: ...lations and the integrity and location of structures or land to which towers tripods and any attachments are attached Installation sites should be evaluated and approved by a qualified engineer If questions or concerns arise regarding installation use or maintenance of tripods towers attachments or electrical connections consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician General Prior t...

Page 8: ... Work and Weather Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work Use appropriate equipment and safety practices During installation and maintenance keep tower and tripod sites clear of un trained or non essential personnel Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping Do not perform any work in inclement weather including wind rain snow lightning etc Maintenance Peri...

Page 9: ... Program with Short Cut 47 4 6 4 1 Procedure Short Cut Steps 1 to 5 48 4 6 4 2 Procedure Short Cut Steps 6 to 7 48 4 6 4 3 Procedure Short Cut Step 8 49 4 6 4 4 Procedure Short Cut Steps 9 to 12 50 4 6 4 5 Procedure Short Cut Steps 13 to 14 50 4 6 5 Send Program and Collect Data 51 4 6 5 1 Procedure PC200W Step 1 51 4 6 5 2 Procedure PC200W Steps 2 to 4 52 4 6 5 3 Procedure PC200W Step 5 53 4 6 5 ...

Page 10: ...Pulse Sensor Wiring 79 5 2 4 Period Averaging Overview 81 5 2 5 Vibrating Wire Measurements Overview 81 5 2 5 1 VSPECT Quickstart 82 5 2 6 Reading Smart Sensors Overview 82 5 2 6 1 SDI 12 Sensor Support Overview 83 5 2 6 2 RS 232 Overview 83 5 2 6 3 RS 485 Overview 84 5 2 7 Field Calibration Overview 84 5 2 8 Cabling Effects Overview 85 5 2 9 Synchronizing Measurements Overview 85 5 2 9 1 Synchron...

Page 11: ...cations 107 6 1 2 Analog Function Output Specifications 108 6 1 2 1 Voltage and Current Excitation Specifications 108 6 1 3 Logic Levels Specifications 109 6 1 4 Pulse Counting Function Specifications 110 6 1 5 Digital I O Function Input Specifications 112 6 1 5 1 State Specifications 112 6 1 5 2 Edge Timing Specifications 113 6 1 5 3 Edge Counting Specifications 113 6 1 5 4 Interrupt Specificatio...

Page 12: ...al Signal Conditioner 145 7 3 4 Ground Looping in Ionic Measurements 146 7 4 Protection from Moisture Details 147 7 5 CR6 Setup Details 147 7 5 1 Tools Setup 148 7 5 1 1 DevConfig Setup Tools 148 7 5 1 2 Network Planner Setup Tools 149 7 5 1 2 1 Overview Network Planner 150 7 5 1 2 2 Basics Network Planner 151 7 5 1 3 Info Tables and Settings Setup Tools 152 7 5 1 4 CRBasic Program Setup Tools 153...

Page 13: ...ines 208 7 6 3 11 3 Declaring Subroutines 209 7 6 3 11 4 Declaring Incidental Sequences 209 7 6 3 12 Execution and Task Priority 210 7 6 3 12 1 Pipeline Mode 211 7 6 3 12 2 Sequential Mode 212 7 6 3 13 Execution Timing 213 7 6 3 13 1 Scan NextScan 213 7 6 3 13 2 SlowSequence EndSequence 214 7 6 3 13 3 SubScan NextSubScan 215 7 6 3 13 4 Scan Priorities in Sequential Mode 215 7 6 3 14 Programming In...

Page 14: ...0 4 TableFile with Option 64 Q A 270 7 7 11 Displaying Data Custom Menus Details 273 7 7 12 Field Calibration Details 280 7 7 12 1 Field Calibration CAL Files 280 7 7 12 2 Field Calibration Programming 281 7 7 12 3 Field Calibration Wizard Overview 281 7 7 12 4 Field Calibration Numeric Monitor Procedures 281 7 7 12 4 1 One Point Calibrations Zero or Offset 282 7 7 12 4 2 Two Point Calibrations ga...

Page 15: ... 7 7 17 9 Self Heating and Resolution 356 7 7 18 Serial I O Capturing Serial Data 356 7 7 18 1 Introduction 357 7 7 18 2 I O Ports 358 7 7 18 3 Protocols 358 7 7 18 4 Glossary of Serial I O Terms 359 7 7 18 5 Serial I O CRBasic Programming 361 7 7 18 5 1 Serial I O Programming Basics 361 7 7 18 5 2 Serial I O Input Programming Basics 363 7 7 18 5 3 Serial I O Output Programming Basics 364 7 7 18 5...

Page 16: ...2 Input Filters and Signal Attenuation 446 8 1 4 Vibrating Wire Measurements Details 447 8 1 4 1 VSPECT Measurements 447 8 1 4 1 1 VSPECT Quickstart 448 8 1 4 1 2 Static VSPECT Measurement Theory 449 8 1 4 1 3 VSPECT Connections 456 8 1 4 1 4 VSPECT Programming 456 8 1 5 Period Averaging Details 465 8 1 6 Reading Smart Sensors Details 466 8 1 6 1 RS 232 and TTL Details 466 8 1 6 2 RS 485 Overview ...

Page 17: ...Encryption 489 8 7 6 Hiding Files 489 8 7 7 Signatures 489 8 7 8 Read Only Variables 489 8 8 Memory Details 490 8 8 1 Storage Media 490 8 8 1 1 Memory Drives On Board 493 8 8 1 1 1 Data Table SRAM 493 8 8 1 1 2 CPU Drive 494 8 8 1 1 3 USR Drive 494 8 8 1 1 4 USB Drive 495 8 8 1 2 Memory Card CRD Drive 495 8 8 2 Data File Formats 497 8 8 3 Memory Cards and Record Numbers 500 8 8 4 Resetting the CR6...

Page 18: ...7 8 10 3 2 1 Declarations Modbus Programming 527 8 10 3 2 2 CRBasic Instructions Modbus 527 8 10 3 2 3 Addressing ModbusAddr 528 8 10 3 2 4 Supported Modbus Function Codes 528 8 10 3 2 5 Reading Inverse Format Modbus Registers 529 8 10 3 2 6 Timing 529 8 10 3 3 Troubleshooting Modbus 530 8 10 3 4 Modbus over IP 530 8 10 3 5 Modbus Security 530 8 10 3 6 Modbus Over RS 232 7 E 1 531 8 10 3 7 Convert...

Page 19: ...e 560 10 5 4 1 CompileResults 560 10 5 4 2 SkippedScan 562 10 5 4 3 SkippedSystemScan 562 10 5 4 4 SkippedRecord 562 10 5 4 5 ProgErrors 562 10 5 4 6 MemoryFree 562 10 5 4 7 VarOutOfBounds 563 10 5 4 8 Watchdog Errors 563 10 5 4 8 1 Status Table WatchdogErrors 564 10 5 4 8 2 Watchdoginfo txt File 564 10 6 Troubleshooting Operating Systems 564 10 7 Troubleshooting Auto Self Calibration Errors 565 1...

Page 20: ...ataloggers List 651 E 2 Measurement and Control Peripherals List 652 E 3 Sensor Input Modules List 652 E 3 1 Analog Input Modules List 652 E 3 2 Pulse Input Modules List 652 E 3 3 Serial I O Modules List 653 E 3 4 Vibrating Wire Input Modules List 653 E 3 5 Passive Signal Conditioners List 653 E 3 5 1 Resistive Bridge TIM Modules List 654 E 3 5 2 Voltage Divider Modules List 654 E 3 5 3 Current Sh...

Page 21: ...nsor Folder 48 FIGURE 4 Short Cut Wiring Diagram Tab 49 FIGURE 5 Short Cut Outputs Tab 50 FIGURE 6 Short Cut Compile Confirmation Window and Results Tab 51 FIGURE 7 PC200W Main Window 52 FIGURE 8 PC200W Monitor Data Tab Public Table 53 FIGURE 9 PC200W Monitor Data Tab Public and OneMin Tables 54 FIGURE 10 PC200W Collect Data Tab 54 FIGURE 11 PC200W View Data Utility 55 FIGURE 12 PC200W View Data T...

Page 22: ... Data from Bit Shift Example Numeric Monitor 256 FIGURE 51 Bool8 Data from Bit Shift Example PC Data File 257 FIGURE 52 Input Sample Vectors 265 FIGURE 53 Mean Wind Vector Graph 266 FIGURE 54 Standard Deviation of Direction 267 FIGURE 55 Standard Deviation of Direction 267 FIGURE 56 Custom Menu Example Home Screen 274 FIGURE 57 Custom Menu Example View Data Window 275 FIGURE 58 Custom Menu Example...

Page 23: ...for Pressure Transducer 429 FIGURE 93 Example voltage measurement accuracy band including the effects of percent of reading and offset for a differential measurement with input reversal at a temperature between 40 to 70 C 437 FIGURE 94 Pulse Sensor Output Signal Types 440 FIGURE 95 Switch Closure Pulse Sensor 440 FIGURE 96 Terminals Configurable for Pulse Input 440 FIGURE 97 Amplitude reduction of...

Page 24: ...Stop Program 539 FIGURE 126 CR1000KD File Management 540 FIGURE 127 CR1000KD File Edit 541 FIGURE 128 CR1000KD PCCard Memory Card Management 542 FIGURE 129 CR1000KD Port Status and Status Table 543 FIGURE 130 CR1000KD Settings 544 FIGURE 131 CR1000KD Configure Display 545 FIGURE 132 Remove Retention Screws 548 FIGURE 133 Separate Back Shell from Module 549 FIGURE 134 Disconnect Battery Connector 5...

Page 25: ... 189 TABLE 39 Formats for Entering Numbers in CRBasic 199 TABLE 40 Typical Data Table 202 TABLE 41 TOA5 Environment Line 202 TABLE 42 DataInterval Lapse Parameter Options 206 TABLE 43 Program Tasks 211 TABLE 44 Program Timing Instructions 213 TABLE 45 Rules for Names 219 TABLE 46 Binary Conditions of TRUE and FALSE 225 TABLE 47 Logical Expression Examples 226 TABLE 48 Data Process Abbreviations 22...

Page 26: ...LE 91 Analog Voltage Measurement Accuracy 402 TABLE 92 Analog Voltage Measurement Offsets 402 TABLE 93 Analog Voltage Measurement Resolution 403 TABLE 94 Resistive Bridge Circuits with Voltage Excitation 407 TABLE 95 Resistive Bridge Circuits with Current Excitation 409 TABLE 96 Ratiometric Resistance Measurement Accuracy 411 TABLE 97 CalGain Field Descriptions 413 TABLE 98 CalOffset Field Descrip...

Page 27: ...ettings Ethernet 618 TABLE 145 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings PPP 618 TABLE 146 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings CS I O IP 619 TABLE 147 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings WiFi 619 TABLE 148 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings Radio RF407 619 TABLE 149 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings RF451 619 TABLE 150 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings TCP IP on CR1000KD Keyboard Display 619 ...

Page 28: ... TABLE 193 RJ 45 RS 232 CPI Port Pinout 644 TABLE 194 Pin Out of CR6 RS 232 D Type Connector Port with Adapter pn 31055 RS 232 CPI RJ45 to DB9 Male DTE 645 TABLE 195 Standard Null Modem Cable Pin Out 645 TABLE 196 FP2 Data Format Bit Descriptions 647 TABLE 197 FP2 Decimal Locater Bits 647 TABLE 198 Endianness in Campbell Scientific Instruments 649 TABLE 199 Dataloggers 651 TABLE 200 Analog Input M...

Page 29: ...n Calculations 195 CRBasic EXAMPLE 9 Initializing Variables 197 CRBasic EXAMPLE 10 Using the Const Declaration 198 CRBasic EXAMPLE 11 Load binary information into a variable 200 CRBasic EXAMPLE 12 Declaration and Use of a Data Table 203 CRBasic EXAMPLE 13 Use of the Disable Variable 208 CRBasic EXAMPLE 14 BeginProg Scan NextScan EndProg Syntax 214 CRBasic EXAMPLE 15 Measurement Instruction Syntax ...

Page 30: ...LE 48 FieldCal Two Point Slope and Offset 290 CRBasic EXAMPLE 49 FieldCal Multiplier 293 CRBasic EXAMPLE 50 FieldCal Zero Basis Point 295 CRBasic EXAMPLE 51 FieldCalStrain Calibration 298 CRBasic EXAMPLE 52 Fast Analog Voltage Measurement Fast Scan 302 CRBasic EXAMPLE 53 Analog Voltage Measurement Cluster Burst 303 CRBasic EXAMPLE 54 Dwell Burst Measurement 304 CRBasic EXAMPLE 55 Measurement with ...

Page 31: ...ings 382 CRBasic EXAMPLE 76 Subroutine with Global and Local Variables 385 CRBasic EXAMPLE 77 Time Stamping with System Time 388 CRBasic EXAMPLE 78 Measuring Settling Time 394 CRBasic EXAMPLE 79 Four Wire Full Bridge Measurement and Processing 410 CRBasic EXAMPLE 80 Measuring Settling Time 428 CRBasic EXAMPLE 81 VSPECT Vibrating Wire Measurement 464 CRBasic EXAMPLE 82 Custom Web Page HTML 521 CRBa...

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Page 33: ...you progressively deeper into the complexity of CR6 functions You may not find it necessary to progress beyond the Quickstart or Overview Quickstart is a cursory view of CR6 data acquisition and walks you through a procedure to set up a simple system Overview reviews salient topics that are covered in depth in subsequent sections and appendices Review the exhaustive table of contents to learn how ...

Page 34: ...y text input commands output responses GUI commands text on product labels names of data tables Italic glossary entries and titles of publications software sections tables figures and examples Bold italic CRBasic instruction parameters and arguments within the body text 8 pt blue cross reference page numbers In the PDF version of the manual click on the page number to jump to the cross referenced ...

Page 35: ...d to set the clock when you first connect power to the CR6 When power is first connected the CR6 automatically enables the lithium battery which will then power the clock between subsequent power cycles See Internal Battery Quickstart p 42 o See section Internal Battery Details p 547 for more information IMPORTANT Maintain a level of calibration appropriate to the application Campbell Scientific r...

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Page 37: ...spect the packaging and contents for damage File damage claims with the shipping company Immediately check package contents Thoroughly check all packaging material for product that may be concealed Check model numbers part numbers and product descriptions against the shipping documents Model or part numbers are found on each product On cabled items the number is often found at the end of the cable...

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Page 39: ... by modulating voltage current resistance status or pulse output signals Suitable sensors do this accurately and precisely p 609 Smart sensors have internal measurement and processing components and simply output a digital value in binary hexadecimal or ASCII character form The CR6 sometimes with the assistance of various peripheral devices can measure or read nearly all electronic sensor output t...

Page 40: ...tions do not require that every measurement be stored Instead individual measurements can be combined into statistical or computational summaries The CR6 will store data in memory to await transfer to the PC with an external storage devices or telecommunication device 4 2 1 CR6 Module CR6 electronics are protected in a dust tight case The CR6 design makes it economical and very rugged 4 2 1 1 Wiri...

Page 41: ... components match the specifications of the device to which they are connected When connecting power first switch off the power supply make the connection then turn the power supply on The CR6 operates fully with power from 10 to 16 Vdc applied to the BAT terminals or 16 to 32 Vdc applied to the CHG terminals Both sets of connectors are found on the green power plug in the upper right of the wirin...

Page 42: ...Regulator Battery Charger Quickstart The CR6 has an internal voltage regulator and battery charger Charge voltage is Vdc only It includes a thermal fused limit at 1 2 amp which resets when the load is removed BAT terminals are for a 12 Vdc battery Charge terminals can be used without a battery being attached Power regulator Typical application 20 W solar panel and 24 Ah 12 Vdc battery Smart power ...

Page 43: ...val and Comms Overview p 85 Data Retrieval and Comms Details p 514 Data Retrieval and Comms Peripherals Lists p 659 If the CR6 datalogger sits near a PC direct connect serial communication is usually the best solution In the field direct serial a data storage device or Wi Fi if you have a CR6 WIFI can be used during a site visit A remote comms option or a combination of comms options allows you to...

Page 44: ...C200W Datalogger Starter Software for Windows LoggerLink Mobile Datalogger Starter software for iOS and Android A CRBasic program must be loaded into the CR6 to enable it to make measurements read sensors and store data Use Short Cut to write simple CRBasic programs without the need to learn the CRBasic programming language Short Cut is an easy to use wizard that steps you through the program buil...

Page 45: ...ampbell Scientific CR6 datalogger USB power is adequate for this exercise but a power supply is needed for field deployment Thermocouple 4 to 5 inches long one is shipped with the CR6 Personal computer PC with an available USB port with USB driver installed see CR6 utility in Device Configuration Utility USB to micro USB cable one is shipped with the CR6 PC200W software which is available on the C...

Page 46: ...indow similar to figure PC200W Main Window p 46 When PC200W is first run the EZSetup Wizard will run automatically in a new window This will configure the software to communicate with the CR6 datalogger The table PC200W EZSetup Wizard Prompts p 47 indicates what information to enter on each screen of the wizard Click Next at the lower portion of the window to advance Note A video tutorial is avail...

Page 47: ...lick on Edit Datalogger Setup and change the COM port to the new port number Datalogger Settings Configures how the CR6 communicates with the PC For this tutorial accept the default settings Datalogger Settings Security For this tutorial Security Code should be set to 0 and PakBus Encryption Key should be left blank Communication Setup Summary Summary of settings in previous screens No changes are...

Page 48: ...e Select 50 Hz for most of Europe and other areas that operate at 50 Hz A second prompt lists sensor support options Campbell Scientific Inc US is probably the best fit if you are outside Europe 5 The next window displays Available Sensors and Devices as shown in the following figure Expand the Sensors folder by clicking on the symbol This shows several sub folders Expand the Temperature folder to...

Page 49: ...daily to assist in monitoring system status 7 In the left pane of the main Short Cut window click Wiring Diagram Attach the physical type T thermocouple to the CR6 as shown in the diagram Click on 3 Sensors in the left pane to return to the sensor selection screen FIGURE 4 Short Cut Wiring Diagram Tab 4 6 4 3 Procedure Short Cut Step 8 8 As shown in the following figure click Next to advance to th...

Page 50: ...k 2 Table2 tab then click Delete Table 11 Change the name of the remaining table from Table1 to OneMin and then change the Store Every interval to 1 Minutes 12 Add measurements to the table by selecting BattV under Selected Sensors in the center pane Click Average in the center column of buttons Repeat this procedure for PTemp_C and Temp_C 4 6 4 5 Procedure Short Cut Steps 13 to 14 13 Click Finish...

Page 51: ...t in the previous procedure to the CR6 Collect data from the CR6 Store the data on the PC 4 6 5 1 Procedure PC200W Step 1 1 From the PC200W Clock Program tab click on Connect upper left to connect the CR6 to the PC As shown in the following figure when connected the Connect button changes to Disconnect CAUTION This procedure assumes there are no data already on the CR6 If there are data that you w...

Page 52: ...dialog box will open Browse to the C CampbellSci SCWin folder Select the MyTemperature CR6 file Click Open A status bar will appear while the program is sent to the CR6 followed by a confirmation that the transfer was successful Click OK to close the confirmation 4 After sending a program to the CR6 a good practice is to monitor the measurements to ensure they are reasonable Select the Monitor Dat...

Page 53: ...itor Data Tab Public Table 4 6 5 3 Procedure PC200W Step 5 5 To view the OneMin table select an empty cell in the display area Click Add In the Add Selection window Tables field click on OneMin then click Paste The OneMin table is now displayed ...

Page 54: ...4 FIGURE 9 PC200W Monitor Data Tab Public and OneMin Tables 4 6 5 4 Procedure PC200W Step 6 6 Click on the Collect Data tab and select data to be collected and the storage location on the PC FIGURE 10 PC200W Collect Data Tab ...

Page 55: ...Click on a table in the list to highlight it then click Change Table s Output File to change the name of the destination file 9 Click on Collect A progress bar will appear as data are collected followed by a Collection Complete message Click OK to continue 10 To view data click the icon at the top of the PC200W window to open the View utility FIGURE 11 PC200W View Data Utility ...

Page 56: ...ct the CR6_OneMin dat file and click Open 12 The collected data are now shown FIGURE 12 PC200W View Data Table 4 6 5 7 Procedure PC200W Steps 13 to 14 13 Click the heading of any data column To display the data in that column in a line graph click the icon 14 Close the Graph and View windows and then close the PC200W program ...

Page 57: ...y part of the system can lead to bad data or no data The concept of a data acquisition system is illustrated in figure Data Acquisition System Components p 58 Following is a list of typical system components Sensors p 39 Electronic sensors convert the state of a phenomenon to an electrical signal Datalogger p 40 The CR6 measures electrical signals or reads serial characters It converts the measure...

Page 58: ...ograms and settings The software manages the comms link and has options for data display Programmable Logic Control p 97 Some data acquisition systems require the control of external devices to facilitate a measurement or to control a device based on measurements The CR6 is adept at programmable logic control Measurement and Control Peripherals p 92 Sometimes system requirements exceed the capacit...

Page 59: ...start p 39 section of this manual and work through the tutorial When you have done that and then read the following you should have the needed framework A Campbell Scientific data acquisition system is made up of the following five basic components Sensors Datalogger which includes o Clock o Measurement and control circuitry o Memory o Hardware and firmware to communicate with comms devices o User...

Page 60: ...strument designed to withstand demanding environments and to use the smallest amount of power possible It has a central processing unit CPU analog and digital measurement inputs analog and digital outputs and memory An operating system firmware coordinates the functions of these parts in conjunction with the on board clock and the CRBasic application program ...

Page 61: ... instruction is executed sequentially in the order it appears in the program In pipeline mode the CR6 determines the order of instruction execution 5 1 1 Wiring Panel Overview In the following figure the CR6 wiring panel is illustrated The wiring panel is the interface to most CR6 functions so studying it is a good way to get acquainted with the CR6 Functions of the terminals are broken down into ...

Page 62: ...ns Terminal Label Function C1 C2 C3 C4 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 12V SW12 1 SW12 2 CS I O RS 232 CPI Maximum 1 Analog Input Function Single ended 12 Differential H L H L H L H L H L H L 6 Period average 12 Vibrating wire2 6 Vibrating wire with thermistor 3 Thermistor 6 ...

Page 63: ...Switched voltage excitation 12 Switched Current Excitation 12 Pulse Counting Function Switch closure 16 Low level Vac 6 High frequency 16 Digital I O Function True RS 232 TX RX 3 4 3 TTL or LVTTL RS 232 TX RX 8 Half Duplex RS 485 A B 2 Full Duplex RS 485 Tx Tx Rx Rx 1 SDI 12 8 SDM Data Clock Enable 1 SPI MOSI SCLK MISO 4 I2 C SDA SCL 8 Control 16 Status 16 General I O 16 Pulse width modulation 16 ...

Page 64: ...e is to use the terminal that is bracketed with the input terminals used When used as a current return use the terminal bracketed with the U terminal that is configured for current excitation 7 Use for power and control returns 8 Use only for RS 485 communications 9 Connect to Earth or chassis ground with large gage wire Note U and C terminals are paired Pairs are U1 U2 C1 C2 and so forth If one o...

Page 65: ...ations p 129 MicroSD Act status light LED See Status Lights Specifications p 129 Ethernet status lights LEDs See Status Lights Specifications p 129 Antenna connection WiFi Cellular SS 900Mhz or 2 4Ghz CPI RS 232 Supports CPI networks Can be used for true RS 232 Tx Rx and handshaking RS 232 DB9 pin 5 ground to both the resistive ground pins and the shield of the cable Pin 7 of the RJ45 will functio...

Page 66: ...5 1 1 2 Voltage and Current Excitation Overview Related Topics Voltage p 108 and Current p 66 Excitation Specifications p 108 Voltage and Current Excitation Overview p 66 The CR6 has several terminals and terminal configurations designed to supply switched voltage to peripherals sensors or control devices Voltage Excitation switched analog output U terminals configured for voltage excitation outpu...

Page 67: ...eripheral devices The CR6 can be used as a power source for sensors and peripherals The following voltages are available 12V terminals unregulated nominal 12 Vdc This supply closely tracks the primary CR6 supply voltage so it may rise above or drop below the power requirement of the sensor or peripheral Precautions should be taken to prevent damage to sensors or peripherals from over or under volt...

Page 68: ...ic datalogger peripherals Communication ports include CS I O RS 232 USB SDI 12 SDM CPI Ethernet MicroSD card slot requires a micro SD card 5 1 1 4 1 CS I O Port Read More See Serial Port Pinouts p 643 One nine pin port labeled CS I O for communicating with a PC or modem through Campbell Scientific communication interfaces modems or peripherals CS I O comms interfaces are listed in the appendix Ser...

Page 69: ...nicating with a PC with datalogger support software p 579 Use the USB cable supplied with the CR6 The USB connection only powers the programming configuration and analog measurement circuitry of the CR6 A USB COM port for the CR6 is created automatically on your PC when first you install the driver this is done automatically when you install LoggerNet and second you connect the CR6 to the PC over ...

Page 70: ...d input and output expansion peripherals CPI ports also enable networking between compatible Campbell Scientific dataloggers Consult the manuals for CDM modules for more information One RJ45 port labeled CPI 5 1 1 4 8 Ethernet Port Read More See the section TCP IP Details p 517 One RJ45 port labeled Ethernet 5 1 1 5 Grounding Overview Related Topics Grounding Overview p 70 Grounding Details p 141 ...

Page 71: ...ampbell Scientific can be connected directly to the CR6 Manuals that discuss alternative input routes such as external multiplexers peripheral measurement devices or a wireless sensor network can be found at www campbellsci com manuals This section discusses direct sensor to datalogger connections and applicable CRBasic programming to instruct the CR6 how to make process and store the measurements...

Page 72: ...w For example a sensor that outputs 1000 mV on the high lead and 0 mV on the low has an overall output of 1000 mV A sensor that outputs 2000 mV on the high lead and 1000 mV on the low also has an overall output of 1000 mV Sometimes the low signal is simply sensor ground 0 mV A single ended measurement measures the high signal with reference to ground with the low signal tied to ground A differenti...

Page 73: ...og Sensor Wired to Single Ended Channel 1 FIGURE 19 Analog Sensor Wired to Differential Channel 1 5 2 2 1 1 Single Ended Measurements Overview Related Topics Single Ended Measurements Overview p 73 Single Ended Measurements Details p 422 ...

Page 74: ... than at the point where the CR6 is grounded a measurement error will result For example if the difference in grounds is 1 mV with a copper constantan thermocouple the error will be approximately 25 C If signal conditioning circuitry such as might be found in a gas analyzer and the CR6 use a common power supply differences in current drain and lead resistance often result in different ground poten...

Page 75: ... use strain gages and temperature sensors use thermistors These elements are placed in a Wheatstone bridge or related circuit With the exception of PRTs another type of variable resistor See Measurement RTD PRT PT100 PT1000 p 326 This manual does not give instruction on how to build variable resistors into a resistor bridge Sensor manufacturers consider many criteria when deciding what type of res...

Page 76: ...Section 5 Overview 76 FIGURE 20 Half Bridge Wiring Example Wind Vane Potentiometer ...

Page 77: ...cise current and measuring the return voltage The CR6 supplies a precise current from terminals configured for current excitation Return voltage is measured on U terminals configured for single ended or differential analog input Examples of bridge sensor wiring using current excitation are illustrated in FIGURE PT100 Resistance Basic Circuit Schematic p 344 ...

Page 78: ... wave frequency The CR6 detects the state transition as each wave varies between voltage extremes high to low or low to high Measurements are processed and presented as counts frequency or timing data U and C terminals are configurable for pulse input to measure counts or frequency from the following signal types High frequency 5 Vdc square wave Switch closure Low level ac State Edge counting Edge...

Page 79: ...itch p 80 Pulse sensors have two active wires one of which is ground Connect the ground wire to a signal ground terminal Connect the other wire to a U or C terminal configured for pulse input Sometimes the sensor will require power from the CR6 so there may be two added wires one of which will be power ground Connect power ground to a G terminal Do not confuse the pulse wire with the positive powe...

Page 80: ...Section 5 Overview 80 FIGURE 23 Pulse Input Wiring Example Anemometer ...

Page 81: ...whereas period average measurements work well since they can be placed in the scan to execute only when the sensor is powered and transmitting the signal Period average measurements use a high frequency digital clock to measure time differences between signal transitions whereas pulse count measurements simply accumulate the number of counts As a result period average measurements offer much bette...

Page 82: ...ts sensors folder Short Cut also has measurements for specific sensor models in the Geotechnical Structural and Water Level Flow folders More information about programming the CR6 for vibrating wire measurements is located in VSPECT Programming p 456 FIGURE 24 VSPECT Vibrating Wire Measurement Wiring 5 2 6 Reading Smart Sensors Overview Related Topics Reading Smart Sensors Overview p 82 Reading Sm...

Page 83: ... Support Overview p 83 SDI 12 Sensor Support Details p 469 Serial I O SDI 12 Sensor Support Programming Resource p 308 SDI 12 is a smart sensor protocol that uses one input port on the CR6 and is powered by 12 Vdc Refer to the chart CR6 Terminal Definitions p 62 which indicates U and C terminals that can be configured for SDI 12 input 5 2 6 2 RS 232 Overview Refer to the chart CR6 Terminal Definit...

Page 84: ...ew p 84 Field Calibration Details p 280 Calibration increases accuracy of a measurement device by adjusting its output or the measurement of its output to match independently verified quantities Adjusting sensor output directly is preferred but not always possible or practical By adding FieldCal or FieldCalStrain instructions to the CR6 CRBasic program measurements of a linear sensor can be adjust...

Page 85: ... single CR6 measurement times are synchronized often within a few milliseconds depending on sensor number and measurement type 5 2 9 2 Synchronizing Measurements in a Datalogger Network Overview Large numbers of sensors cable length restrictions or long distances between measurement sites may require use of multiple CR6s 5 3 Data Retrieval and Comms Overview Related Topics Data Retrieval and Comms...

Page 86: ...ta stored on a SC115 Campbell Scientific mass storage device can be retrieved via a comms link to the CR6 if the device remains on the CS I O port Data can also be retrieved by removing the device connecting it to a PC and copying off files using Windows File Explorer 5 3 4 Memory Card CRD Drive Overview Related Topics Memory Card CRD Drive Overview p 86 Memory Card CRD Drive Details p 495 Memory ...

Page 87: ... a PC may be different than the standard Campbell Scientific data file formats binary format depends on the instruction used to write to the card See section Data File Format Examples p 498 for more information Binary data files can be converted to a Campbell Scientific format using CardConvert p 575 software 5 3 5 Comms Protocols The primary communication protocol is PakBus p 594 PakBus is a prot...

Page 88: ...594 software 5 3 6 Alternate Comms Protocols Overview Related Topics Alternate Comms Protocols Overview p 88 Alternate Comms Protocols Details p 516 Other comms protocols are supported including Web API p 524 p 524 Modbus p 88 DNP3 p 89 I2C p 90 and SPI p 90 Refer to Communications Specifications p 117 for a complete list of supported protocols See Data Retrieval and Comms Peripherals Lists p 659 ...

Page 89: ...e effectively multiplexed to a CR6 without additional hardware 5 3 6 2 DNP3 Overview Related Topics DNP3 Overview p 89 DNP3 Details p 525 The CR6 supports DNP3 slave communications for inclusion in DNP3 SCADA networks 5 3 6 3 TCP IP Overview Related Topics TCP IP Overview TCP IP Details p 517 The following TCP IP protocols are supported by the CR6 or when using a cell modem with the PPP IP key ena...

Page 90: ...2C elsewhere The CR6 acts as the master device communicating with slaves See CRBasic Editor Help for more information and an example 5 3 7 Comms Hardware Overview The CR6 can accommodate in one way or another nearly all comms options Campbell Scientific specializes in RS 232 USB RS 485 short haul twisted pairs Wi Fi radio single frequency and spread spectrum land line telephone cell phone IP modem...

Page 91: ... keys except Num Lock and Shift are characters printed in blue To enter one of these characters press Shift one to three times to select the position of the character as shown above the key then press the key For example to enter Y press Shift Shift Shift PgDn To insert a space Spc or change case Cap press Shift one to two times for the position then press BkSpc To insert a character not printed o...

Page 92: ...temperatures FIGURE 27 Custom Menu Example 5 4 Measurement and Control Peripherals Overview Modules are available from Campbell Scientific to expand the number of terminals on the CR6 These include Multiplexers Multiplexers increase the input capacity of terminals configured for analog input and the output capacity of terminals configured for excitation SDM Devices Serial Device for Measurement ex...

Page 93: ...y 5 5 1 Charging Batteries Overview The output of the BAT terminals when a charging voltage is applied to the CHG terminals is only suited for 12 Vdc lead acid batteries It is NOT suited for lithium iron phosphate batteries 5 6 CR6 Setup Overview Related Topics CR6 Setup Overview p 93 CR6 Setup Details p 147 Status Settings and Data Table Information Info Tables and Settings p 613 The CR6 is shipp...

Page 94: ...y imported into CRBasic Editor for additional editing For complex applications experienced programmers often create essential measurement and data storage code with Short Cut then add more complex code with CRBasic Editor Note Once a Short Cut generated program has been edited with CRBasic Editor it can no longer be modified with Short Cut 5 8 Security Overview The CR6 is supplied void of active s...

Page 95: ...tection from Moisture Products p 670 The CR6 and most of its peripherals must be protected from moisture Moisture in the electronics will seriously damage and probably render un repairable the CR6 Water can come in liquid form from flooding or sprinkler irrigation but most often it comes as condensation In most cases protection from water is easily accomplished by placing the CR6 in a weather tigh...

Page 96: ...roper installation of the internal lithium battery can cause severe injury Fire explosion and severe burns can result Do not recharge disassemble heat above 100 C 212 F solder directly to the cell incinerate or expose contents to water Dispose of spent lithium batteries properly The CR6 contains a lithium battery that operates the clock and powers SRAM when the CR6 is not externally powered Voltag...

Page 97: ...ellsci com downloads LoggerLink Mobile Apps Simple tools that allow an iOS or Android device to communicate with IP Wi Fi or Bluetooth enabled CR6s includes most PC200W functionality PC400 Datalogger Support Software Includes PC200W functions CRBasic Editor and supports all Campbell Scientific communications hardware except satellite in attended mode LoggerNet Datalogger Support Software Includes ...

Page 98: ...oportional control modules are available See appendix PLC Control Modules List p 655 Tips for writing a control program Short Cut programming wizard has provisions for simple on off control PID control can be done with the CR6 Control decisions can be based on time an event or a measured condition Example In the case of a cell modem control is based on time The modem requires 12 Vdc power so conne...

Page 99: ...0 10 60 Min will return TRUE at 8 00 00 00 and FALSE at 08 10 00 00 5 12 Auto Self Calibration Overview Related Topics Auto Self Calibration Overview p 99 Auto Self Calibration Details p 412 Auto Self Calibration Errors p 565 Offset Voltage Compensation p 397 Factory Calibration p 96 Factory Calibration or Repair Procedure p 550 The CR6 auto self calibrates to compensate for changes caused by chan...

Page 100: ...a files from TableFile instruction TOA5 TOB1 CSIXML and CSIJSON o Keep memory p 589 OS variables not initialized o Dynamic runtime memory allocation Memory for data can be increased with the addition of a micro SD card inserted in the MicroSD slot or a mass storage device thumb drive that connects to CS I O or both See Data Storage Devices List p 661 for information on available memory expansion p...

Page 101: ...s programmed for the analog function with terminals configured for the pulse count and digital I O functions Each odd numbered U and C terminal is paired with the even numbered terminal next in the series for example U1 U2 and C1 C2 If one of a pair is configured for a function analog input digital I O etc or logic level 3 3 or 5 V the paired terminal must be used in the same function and at the s...

Page 102: ... 1 1 Basic Voltage Measurements Specifications One channel at a time in numeric succession the CR6 measures voltage using an A to D converter with 24 effective bits of resolution You can mix differential and single ended channels Use Differential Best overall measurement important to use when voltages 200 mV or when ground currents are present Six differential pairs maximum Single ended Preferred ...

Page 103: ... Default Settling Time 500 µs Input Resistance 20 GΩ typical Input Limits 5 V Maximum Input Voltage 20 Vdc Dc Common Mode Rejection 120 dB with input reversal 86 dB without input reversal Normal Mode Rejection 70 dB 60 Hz Input Current 2 nA typical 25 C 1 Accuracy specification does not include sensor error or measurement noise Analog Voltage Measurement Accuracy Offsets Range mV Differential with...

Page 104: ... full scale values will not cause over range 3 Typical effective resolution ER in bits computed from ratio of full scale range to RMS resolution 4 50 60 correspond to rejection of 50 and 60 Hz ac power mains noise Analog Voltage Measurement Time1 With Input Reversal Without Input Reversal Example fN12 Hz Time ms Rate Hz Time ms Rate Hz 15000 2 8 354 1 4 694 60 36 27 7 18 1 55 50 42 7 23 21 3 46 5 ...

Page 105: ...als TC Type Range C Limits of Error C Relative to NIST Standards T 270 to 400 270 to 200 18 270 200 to 100 0 08 100 to 100 0 001 100 to 400 0 015 J 150 to 760 0 008 100 to 300 0 002 E 240 to 1000 240 to 130 0 4 130 to 200 0 005 200 to 1000 0 02 K 50 to 1372 50 to 950 0 01 950 to 1372 0 04 Reference Temperature Compensation Range and Error TC Type Range C Limits of Error C1 T 100 to 100 0 001 E 150...

Page 106: ...rements Specifications The CR6 makes ratiometric resistance measurements with voltage and current excitation Resistive Bridges with Voltage Excitation Four wire full bridge Six wire full bridge Two wire half bridge Three wire half bridge Four wire half bridge Resistive Bridges with Current Excitation Four wire full bridge Four wire resistor Excitation Polarity Reversal Minimizes dc error Accuracy2...

Page 107: ...ment accuracy 5 Same offset as voltage measurement 6 1 1 5 Static Vibrating Wire Measurements Specifications A U terminal pair both excites and measures vibrating wire transducers Logarithmic sine wave frequency excitation is adjustable up to 6 V 12 V peak to peak programmable from 100 Hz to 6 5 kHz then followed by frequency domain measurements one at a time in numeric succession Input Resistance...

Page 108: ...ictions you can mix terminals programmed for the analog function with terminals configured for the pulse count and digital I O functions Programmable Terminals Analog Function Output Terminal Label Function C1 C2 C3 C4 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 Switched voltage excitation See Resistance Measurements p 106 ExciteV Switched current excitation See Resistance Measurements p 106 ExciteI 6 ...

Page 109: ...than the absolute accuracy or excitation or analog measurement determines the accuracy of ratiometric esistance measurements Current Excitation Absolute Accuracy1 Temperature C Accuracy 0 to 40 0 11 of setting 2 0 μA 40 to 70 0 12 of setting 2 5 μA 55 to 85 0 13 of setting 3 0 μA 1 Note that ratiometric accuracy rather than the absolute accuracy or excitation or analog measurement determines the a...

Page 110: ...ulse Counting Function1 Terminal Label Function C1 C2 C3 C4 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 Switch closure High frequency Low level Ac1 1 When an even numbered U terminal is used for low level Ac pulse counting its odd numbered mate e g U1 is the mate of U2 can be used only for switch closure or high frequency pulse counting or in the digital I O control or state function Pulse Event Transi...

Page 111: ...Approx RC Input Filter Time Constant 1 µs Low Level Ac Input Range See following TABLE Low Level Ac Ranges p 111 Dc offset rejection Internal ac coupling eliminates dc offset voltages up to 0 5 Vdc Input Hysteresis 12 mV 1 Hz 1 CRBasic options include internal pull up or pull down resistor 2 Each terminal has an independent 32 bit counter Time Constants τ Measurement τ U terminal low level ac mode...

Page 112: ...unications Specifications p 114 Programmable Terminals Digital I O Function Input Terminal Label Function C1 C2 C3 C4 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 Status PortGet ReadIO Edge timing1 TimerInput Edge counting TimerInput Interrupt WaitDigTrig 1 Number of usable terminals varies from 1 to 15 One terminal is always needed as a reference Terminal Label Function 6 1 5 1 State Specifications Inp...

Page 113: ...om logic high to logic low Resolution 540 ns 6 1 5 3 Edge Counting Specifications Maximum input frequency 250 kHz Rising edge detection Transition from logic low to logic high Falling edge detection Transition from logic high to logic low 6 1 5 4 Interrupt Specifications Voltage Transition on Terminal From logic low to logic high 6 1 6 Digital I O Function Output Specifications Programmable Termin...

Page 114: ...c high Low Off False Logic low Regulation Withing 4 of set logic level Current Sourcing Limits See Omnibus Current Source and Sink Limits Specifications p 124 6 1 6 2 Pulse Width Modulation Specifications Modulation Voltage Logic high Period Maximum 2047 ms Resolution 0 5 ms 1 12 MHz or 83 33 ns 5 325 ms 187 62 kHz or 5 33 µs 325 ms 1 32 kHz or 31 25 µs 6 1 7 Digital I O Function Communications Sp...

Page 115: ...DA SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL 1 Use of only one channel allowed for any given running program RS 232 Three independent Tx Rx pairs 0 5 V Serial Eight independent Tx Rx pairs RS 485 Channels 1 full duplex or 2 half duplex Resistive Ground RG terminal 100 ohm 2 watt resistor to ground decouples ground on RS 485 signal SDI 12 Eight independent SDI 12 v 1 3 compliant t...

Page 116: ...PI CDM networks Ethernet CR6 configuration 1 Requires an interfacing cable for DB9 I O See Hardwire Single Connection Comms Devices List p 660 2 Requires an interfacing device for sensor input See Hardwire Single Connection Comms Devices List p 660 Ethernet Port RJ45 jack 10 100Base TX full and half duplex Auto MDIX Magnetic isolation and TVS surge protection USB USB micro B device only 2 0 full s...

Page 117: ...articulating knuckle joint that can be oriented vertically or at right angles Supported Technologies 802 11 a b g n WPA WPA2 Personal WPA WPA2 Enterprise Security WEP Client Mode WPA WPA2 Personal and Enterprise WEP Access Point Mode WPA2 Personal Transmit Power 7 to 18 dBm Rx Sensitivity 97 dBm 6 3 Communications Specifications A CR6 is normally part of a two way conversation started by a PC In a...

Page 118: ...h Campbell Scientific peripherals RS 232 RS 232 C1 C2 C3 C4 3 ports with 5 V logic levels 1 Optional 9 pin RS 232 port configured with addition of pn 31055 DB9 male pn 31056 DB9 female or pn 31897 wiring terminals to the CPI RS 232 RJ45 port This port includes DTR CTS 2 TX RX ports configured from terminal pairs C1 C2 and C3 C4 0 5 V Serial U1 to U12 C1 to C4 Eight independent Tx Rx pairs RS 485 C...

Page 119: ... Protocols Specifications Internet Protocols1 Ethernet Web API PPP CS I O IP ICMP Ping Auto IP APIPA IPv4 IPv6 UDP TCP TLS DHCP Client SLAAC DNS Client SNMPv1 NTP Telnet HTTP HTTPS FTP FTPS SMTP TLS POP3 TLS Additional Protocols Supported1 PakBus PakBus Encryption CPI SDM SDI 12 Modbus RTU Modbus ASCII Modbus TCP IP DNP3 NTCIP NMEA 0183 Custom user definable over serial TABLE COM Ports and Baud Ra...

Page 120: ...l duplex asynchronous ComSDC11 CS I O SDC11 CS I O Standard set 115200 TTL True RS 232 with Added Interface Full duplex asynchronous ComU1 Tx Rx U1 is Tx U2 is Rx Standard set 0 TTL RS 232 Full duplex asynchronous ComU3 Tx Rx U3 is Tx U4 is Rx Standard set 0 TTL RS 232 Full duplex asynchronous ComU5 Tx Rx U5 is Tx U6 is Rx Standard set 0 TTL RS 232 Full duplex asynchronous ComU7 Tx Rx U7 is Tx U8 ...

Page 121: ...ards and Displays CR1000KD customized menus Other ones Wireless Cellular IP VHF UHF spread spectrum ELOS Hardwired Multi drop short haul RS 232 fiber optic Satellite GOES Argos Inmarsat Hughes Irridium 6 4 Data Retrieval Specifications Two Way Telecomms Use any of the options outlined in Communications Specifications p 117 One Way Telecomms Data send without PC request modes supported over some te...

Page 122: ...e voltage required to charge the battery 40 Vdc sustained voltage limit without damage transient voltage protected Typical uses 20 W solar panel with a 24 Ahr battery 20 W 12 V 1 16 A solar panel 24 V 1 67 A power converter Battery Input BAT terminal 10 16 Vdc 19 Vdc sustained voltage limit without damage transient voltage protected 2 5 A max current at 12 Vdc at 20 C trickle charges the battery E...

Page 123: ...um For desk convenience Turn off all 12V peripherals Vehicle Power Connection When primary power is pulled from the vehicle power system a second power supply with a diode OR connection may be required to overcome the voltage drop at vehicle startup Wi Fi Power Requirements Maximum 950 mW Communicating or power save disabled 700 mW typical Not communicating but connected to access point 80 mW typi...

Page 124: ...ent 3 5 V3 4 Output Resistance Ro Max Current 1 85 V3 4 C1 C2 C3 C4 See following graphs 150 Ω 10 mA 145 Ω 10 mA U1 U3 U5 U7 U9 U11 25 mA 2500 µA 75 Ω 20 mA 73 Ω 20 mA U2 U4 U6 U8 U10 U12 25 mA 2500 µA 150 Ω 10 mA 145 Ω 10 mA CS I O Pin 1 200 mA 1 Source is positive amperage sink is negative amperage 2 Exceeding current limits causes voltage output to become unstable Voltage should stabilize once ...

Page 125: ...Section 6 Specifications 125 FIGURE 28 Drive Capacity for CR6 C Terminals 5 Vdc Logic Level FIGURE 29 Drive Capacity for CR6 C Terminals 3 3 Vdc Logic Level ...

Page 126: ...Section 6 Specifications 126 FIGURE 30 Drive Capacity for CR6 Odd U Terminals 5 Vdc Logic Level FIGURE 31 Drive Capacity for CR6 Odd U Terminals 3 3 Vdc Logic Level ...

Page 127: ...Section 6 Specifications 127 FIGURE 32 Drive Capacity for CR6 Even U Terminals 5 Vdc Logic Level FIGURE 33 Drive Capacity for CR6 Even U Terminals 3 3 Vdc Logic Level ...

Page 128: ...ower Out Limits Total System Temperature C Current Limit at 12 Vdc1 Amperes 40 3 80 20 2 50 70 1 35 85 1 00 1 Limited by self resetting thermal fuse 6 8 Ground Terminals Specifications Signal Ground Six common terminals for grounds associated with sensor signals Power Ground Four common terminals G for grounds associated with power and control connections Resistive Ground One terminal RG for decou...

Page 129: ...Card has been removed and has been out long enough that CPU memory has wrapped and data is being overwritten without being stored to the card 1 The control button must be pressed before removing a card to allow the datalogger to store buffered data to the card and then power it off Ethernet Status Light LED States Ethernet LED State Ethernet State One flash at 1 min interval interval can be change...

Page 130: ... by varying operating temperatures and aging With auto self calibration aka background calibration disabled measurement accuracy over the operational temperature range is specified as less accurate by a factor of 10 If the temperature of the CR6 remains the same there is little calibration drift if auto self calibration is disabled Auto self calibration can become automatically disabled when the s...

Page 131: ... calibration multiplier and offset 6 14 System Specifications Processor Renesas RX63N 32 bit with hardware FPU running at 100 MHz Clock Accuracy 3 minutes per year Optional GPS correction to 10 µs Clock Resolution 1 ms Program Execution Interval 1 ms to one day 6 15 Physical Specifications Dimensions 188 x 102 x 61 mm 7 4 x 4 0 x 2 4 in additional clearance required for cables and leads Weight Mas...

Page 132: ... Option United States FCC ID KNYAMM0921TT Industry Canada IC 2329B AMM0921TT WIFI Option United States FCC ID XF6 RS9113SB Industry Canada IC 8407A RS9113SB View EU Declaration of Conformity at www campbellsci com cr6 Note The user is responsible for emissions if changing the antenna type or increasing the gain 6 17 Configuration Specifications The CR6 has information status tables and over 200 se...

Page 133: ...ogram 1 Information presented in Station Status is not updated automatically Click the Refresh button to update 6 18 Programming Specifications Writing Programs CRBasic programming language Approx 450 commands Programs configured with Short Cut Programs written with CRBasic Editor Programs written by program generator software associated with some peripherals Programs can be up to 1000 KB in size ...

Page 134: ... input and output capacity to the CR6 Multiplexers Analog input and output SDM Peripherals edge timing edge counting continuous analog output high speed analog low level ac pulse switch closure pulse serial I O control CPI Peripherals dynamic vibrating wire high speed high resolution analog input Relay drivers control 6 21 Support Software Specifications Communication and Data Retrieval PC200W Sof...

Page 135: ...upport for datalogger functions minimal support for communication functions Programming Shortcut Program generator for windows creates CRBasic program based on simple function selections CRBasic Editor Writing CRBasic programs Setup Device Configuration Utility Operating system maintenance settings basic function monitoring Network Planner Drag and drop application used in designing PakBus datalog...

Page 136: ......

Page 137: ...CR6 This style of enclosure is classified as NEMA 4X watertight dust tight corrosion resistant indoor and outdoor use Enclosures have back plates to which are mounted the CR6 datalogger and associated peripherals Back plates are perforated on one inch centers with a grid of holes that are lined as needed with anchoring nylon inserts The CR6 base has mounting holes through which small screws are in...

Page 138: ...roubleshooting Power Supplies p 566 Reliable power is the foundation of a reliable data acquisition system When designing a power supply consideration should be made regarding worst case power requirements and environmental extremes For example when designing a solar power system design it to operate with 14 days of reserve time at the winter solstice when the following are limiting environmental ...

Page 139: ...ply to a connected peripheral If the connected peripheral or sensor is not designed for that voltage level it may be damaged 7 2 1 Calculating Power Consumption System operating time for batteries can be determined by dividing the battery capacity ampere hours by the average system current drain amperes The CR6 typically has a quiescent current drain of 1 mA with display off 3 mA with a 1 Hz sampl...

Page 140: ...mmunication daughter card CHG terminals voltage input range is 16 to 32 Vdc A battery need not be connected to the BAT terminals For example if a separate 24 Vdc UPS is available it can be connected on the CHG terminals If a battery is to be connected to BAT to create a UPS see UPS p 141 for important information Charging is for nominal 12 Vdc lead acid batteries only USB connector 5 Vdc via USB c...

Page 141: ...c lead acid Connect a primary power source such as a solar panel or Vac to Vdc transformer to CHG The primary power source can be a 12 or 24 Vdc solar panel or a Class 2 24 Vdc power suppl See Primary Power Sources List p 668 For sealed rechargeable lead acid batteries the charge voltage requirement is 13 4 slow to 13 8 fast Vdc The ideal charging voltage for batteries changes as temperature chang...

Page 142: ...e damage to the datalogger and sensors by providing a low resistance path around the system to a point of low potential Campbell Scientific recommends that all dataloggers be earth chassis grounded All components of the system dataloggers sensors external power supplies mounts housings etc should be referenced to one common earth chassis ground In the field at a minimum a proper earth ground will ...

Page 143: ...re on the market Campbell Scientific for many years has employed a simple and inexpensive design that protects most systems in most circumstances The system employs a lightening rod metal mast heavy gage ground wire and ground rod to direct damaging current away from the CR6 This system however not infallible Figure Lightning Protection Scheme p 144 is a drawing of a typical application of the sys...

Page 144: ... are sensitive to ground potential fluctuation due to changing return currents from 12V and SW12V terminals and U and C terminals configured for continuous excitation and control The CR6 grounding scheme is designed to minimize these fluctuations by separating signal grounds from power grounds G To take advantage of this design observe the following rules ...

Page 145: ...e section Single Ended Measurements Details p 422 for more information Ground potential differences are a common problem when measuring full bridge sensors strain gages pressure transducers etc and when measuring thermocouples in soil 7 3 3 1 Soil Temperature Thermocouple If the measuring junction of a thermocouple is not insulated when in soil or water and the potential of earth ground is for exa...

Page 146: ... has a great effect on the magnitude of this error The Delmhorst gypsum block used in the Campbell Scientific 227 probe has two concentric cylindrical electrodes The center electrode is used for excitation because it is encircled by the ground electrode the path for a ground loop through the soil is greatly reduced Moisture blocks which consist of two parallel plate electrodes are particularly sus...

Page 147: ...internal lithium battery Adequate desiccant should be placed in the instrumentation enclosure to provide added protection 7 5 CR6 Setup Details Related Topics CR6 Setup Overview p 93 CR6 Setup Details p 147 Status Settings and Data Table Information Info Tables and Settings p 613 Your new CR6 is already configured to communicate with Campbell Scientific datalogger support software p 97 on the USB ...

Page 148: ... with LoggerNet PC400 RTDAQ or it can be downloaded from www campbellsci com downloads It has the following basic features Extensive context sensitive help Connects directly to the CR6 over a serial or IP connection Facilitates access to most settings status fields and info table information fields Includes a terminal emulator that facilitates access to the command prompt of the CR6 DevConfig Help...

Page 149: ...r networks You interact with Network Planner through a drawing canvas upon which are placed PC and datalogger nodes Links representing various comms options are drawn between nodes Activities to take place between the nodes are specified Network Planner automatically specifies settings for individual devices and creates configuring XML files to download to each device through DevConfig p 148 ...

Page 150: ...ices and LoggerNet and Program devices and LoggerNet with new settings Why is Network Planner needed PakBus protocol allows complex networks to be developed Setup of individual devices is difficult Settings are distributed across a network Different device types need settings coordinated Caveats Network Planner aids in but does not replace the design process It aids development of PakBus networks ...

Page 151: ...uld be specified Verification intervals will depend on the activities between devices Beacon intervals will be assigned but will have default values Network role for example router or leaf node will be assigned based on device links Device Links and Communication Resources Disallow links that will not work Comparative desirability of links Prevent over allocation of resources Optimal RS 232 and CS...

Page 152: ...appendix Info Tables and Settings Directories p 615 list several groupings of keywords Each keyword listed in these groups is linked to the relevant description Some info tables and settings have multiple names depending on the interface used to access them The names are listed with the descriptions No single interface accesses all info tables and settings Interfaces used for access include the fo...

Page 153: ...ting For example to acquire the value set in setting StationName use the following statement x Status StationName 7 5 1 5 Executable CPU Files Setup Tools Many CR6 settings can be changed remotely over a comms link either directly or as discussed in CRBasic Program Setup Tools p 153 as part of the CRBasic program These conveniences come with the risk of inadvertently changing settings and disablin...

Page 154: ...stem Execution of default CR6 at power up can be aborted by holding down the DEL key on the CR1000KD Keyboard Display Simple Default CR6 File to Control SW12 Terminal This program example demonstrates use of a Default CR6 file It must be restricted to few lines of code This program controls the SW12 switched power terminal which may be helpful in assuring that the default power state of a remote m...

Page 155: ...cted This behavior has always been present and is not affected by this setting 2 If there is a file specified by this setting it is incorporated into the program selected above 3 If there is no current file selected or if the current file cannot be compiled the datalogger will run the program given by this setting as the current program 4 If the program run by this setting cannot be run or if no p...

Page 156: ...Section 7 Installation 156 FIGURE 41 Include File Settings With DevConfig FIGURE 42 Include File Settings With PakBusGraph ...

Page 157: ...Now and Run On Power up options that are presented by the software when sending the file 3 Add the Include instruction to the main CRBasic program at the location from which the include file is to be called see the following code 4 Enter the CR6 file system path and file name after the Include instruction as shown in the following code IncludeFile CR6 contains code to control power to a cellular p...

Page 158: ...attempt to run the program listed in the Include File Name setting The CR6 allows a SlowSequence statement to take the place of the BeginProg statement This allows the Include File to act as the default program 5 If the program listed in the Include File Name setting cannot be run or if no program is specified the CR6 will attempt to run the program named default CR6 on its CPU drive 6 If there is...

Page 159: ...t to your CR6 WIFI with your mobile device PC or network in one of the following ways Set up the CR6 WIFI to create its own network as an access point Your mobile device or PC then connects to that network This is the method used when linking the CR6 WIFI to the NL240 wireless link Set up the CR6 WIFI and your mobile device or PC to join a network hosted by a wireless access point such as a wirele...

Page 160: ...to CR6 WIFI with PC400 App p 172 Install Antenna The CR6 WIFI is shipped with 1 pn 16005 2 4 GHz 0 dBd Omnidirectional 1 2 Wave Whip Antenna Connect this or another Wi Fi antenna to the CR6 before setting up the Wi Fi option This antenna may not be suitable for use inside a Campbell Scientific enclosure because the enclosure will attenuate the signal and the aluminum enclosure backplate will block...

Page 161: ...onfirm a Wi Fi connection between the iOS device and the network that is created by your CR6 WIFI Create a Network Set Up Windows 8 1 PC Wi Fi Step Description Result 1 On your PC click the Windows key or button Windows Start screen appears 2 wifi In the Start screen type wifi w i f i When you type the first letter w the Search sidebar appears on the right side of the screen When you completely en...

Page 162: ...onnected or Limited is printed under CR6_nnnn as shown below Join a Network The following procedures connect the CR6 WIFI and an iOS device to a Wi Fi access point like a wireless router These procedures require the following A Wi Fi network hosted by an access point As an example this procedure uses a network named TulgeyWood with password SlithyTov3s PC with Device Configuration Utility software...

Page 163: ...program opens 3 In DevConfig in the left pane in the Device Type dialog box in the expanded Datalogger folder click CR6 DevConfig displays CR6 Measurement and Control Datalogger information in the right pane under the CR6 Skip reading this for now 4 In the lower left of the DevConfig screen click the Communication Port list button A list of available communication ports appears 5 In the list of av...

Page 164: ...alogs set Configuration to Join a Network Join a Network is set as the Configuration 9 In Wi Fi sub tab dialogs to the right of Network Name SSID box click the list button Searching for Wi Fi Networks dialog box appears and lists available networks 10 In Searching for Wi Fi Networks dialog box click TulgeyWood your network name will be different TulgeyWood populates the Network Name SSID box 11 In...

Page 165: ...eading this for now 14 On the DevConfig screen in the lower portion of the left pane click Connect Click the extra OK if it appears DevConfig again displays the Deployment tab in the right pane 15 In the Deployment tab click on the Wi Fi sub tab Wi Fi sub tab dialogs and status appear If the CR6 WIFI has connected to the network the first line of the Status box states Connected to TulgeyWood the n...

Page 166: ...t Up iOS Device Wi Fi Step Description Result 1 On the iOS device click the Wi Fi On Off button to On Wi Fi turns on and the Choose a Network list of available networks appears 2 In the list of available networks click TulgeyWood then enter SlithyTov3s as the password The name and password of your network will be different A check mark next to the the TulgeyWood name confirms that the iOS device c...

Page 167: ...on off switch to On The Wi Fi on off switch indicates On and a list of available networks appears below the Wi Fi on off switch 5 In the Networks sidebar click TulgeyWood for the password enter SlithyTov3s then click Connect Your network name and password will be different In the sidebar Connected or Limited appears under TulgeyWood as shown below Connect to CR6 WIFI with Software The following pr...

Page 168: ...tings or the name You can change the name later 4 To get the IP address click the UDP button to the right of TCP Settings Address box in the Datalogger Setup screen The display shows the Network Search screen 5 In the Network Search screen find and click your CR6 WIFI Your IP address and serial number will be different The display automatically returns to Datalogger Setup with the IP address in th...

Page 169: ...n on the PC Device Configuration Utility DevConfig program opens 5c In DevConfig in the left pane in the Device Type dialog box in the expanded Datalogger folder click CR6 DevConfig displays CR6 Measurement and Control Datalogger information in the right pane under the CR6 Skip reading this for now 5d In the lower left of the DevConfig screen click the Communication Port list button A list of avai...

Page 170: ...oyment tab in the right pane 5g In Deployment tab click the Wi Fi sub tab Deployment tab displays Wi Fi sub tab dialog and status elements 5h From the Wi Fi sub tab Status box write down the IP address You have the IP address copied to a piece of paper You will need this number in step 5j 5i On the DevConfig screen in the lower portion of the left pane click Disconnect DevConfig disconnects from t...

Page 171: ...with PB search button Datalogger Setup now displays the settings needed to communicate with the CR6 WIFI Some of your settings will be different 6 In the Datalogger Setup screen click Save The display shows the Dataloggers screen This is the list of dataloggers that are set up in LoggerLink The list may have only one datalogger 7 On the Dataloggers screen click nnnn the serial number of the CR6 Th...

Page 172: ... A progressing clock indicates an active connection between LoggerLink and the CR6 10 To disconnect LoggerLink from the CR6 click the More button in the lower right corner of the Current Status screen The More screen appears 11 Press Disconnect The Disconnect CR6_nnnn dialog box appears 12 In the Disconnect CR6_nnnn dialog box click the Disconnect button LoggerLink disconnects from the CR6 ...

Page 173: ...t of the PC400 window click the Add Datalogger button EZSetup Wizard window appears Skip the Introduction page for now 3 Click Next Communication Setup Datalogger Type and Name page appears 4 In the list of datalogger icons click the CR6Series icon Tip it s a long way down the list CR6Series populates the Datalogger Name box Keep this name for now 5 Click Next Communication Setup Connection Type p...

Page 174: ...tings page is displayed Make no changes for now 9 Click Next Setup Summary page is displayed Make no changes for now 10 Click Next Communication Test page is displayed 11 Select Yes then click Next EZSetup Wizard tests the comms link and the Communication Test Succeeded box appears 12 In the Communication Test Succeeded box click Finish The Confirm window appears 13 In the Confirm window if you wa...

Page 175: ... that a site visit can be undertaken to correct a problem of reset settings without excessive expense o If the OS must be sent and the site is difficult or expensive to access try the OS download procedure on an identically programmed more conveniently located CR6 Campbell Scientific recommends upgrading operating systems only with a direct hardwire link However the Send Program p 596 button in th...

Page 176: ...all CR6 settings to factory defaults 2 Delete data in final storage 3 Delete data from and remove the USR drive 4 Delete program files stored on the datalogger 7 5 2 2 2 OS Update with File Control This method is very similar to sending an OS as a program with the exception that you have to manually prepare the datalogger to accept the new OS How 1 Connect to the CR6 with Connect or DevConfig 2 Co...

Page 177: ...62 Location of this command in the software is listed in the following table Program Send Command Locations Datalogger Support Software Name of Button Location of Button DevConfig Send Program Logger Control tab lower left LoggerNet Send New Connect window lower right PC400 Send Program Main window lower right PC200W Send Program Main window lower right RTDAQ Send Program Main window lower right T...

Page 178: ...ommunicate with the station because the PakBus address is preserved and PakBusTCP client connections are maintained Plus if you are using a TCP IP connection the file transfer is much faster than loading a new OS directly through DevConfig The bad news is that since it clears the run options for the current program you can lose communications with the station if power is toggled to a communication...

Page 179: ...tween the two tasks you wish to perform Loading an operating system through this method will do the following 1 Preserve all datalogger settings 2 Delete all data in final storage 3 Preserve USR drive and data stored there 4 Maintains program run options 5 Deletes data generated using the CardOut or TableFile instructions DevConfig Send OS tab If you are having trouble communicating with the CR6 I...

Page 180: ...ving and Restoring Configurations Installation In DevConfig clicking Save on a summary screen saves the configuration to an XML file This file can be used to load a saved configuration back into the CR6 by clicking Read File and Apply FIGURE 43 Summary of CR6 Configuration 7 6 CRBasic Programming Details Related Topics CRBasic Programming Overview p 94 CRBasic Programming Details p 180 Programming...

Page 181: ...es Process or store trigger set triggers when data should be stored Triggers may be a fixed interval a condition or both Set the size of a data table Send data to a Campbell Scientific mass storage device or memory card if available BeginProg Begin the action part of the program Scan Set the interval for a series of measurements Measurements Make measurements Processing Process measurement and oth...

Page 182: ...re public variables dimension array and declare units Declarations Define data tables DataTable Temp 1 2000 DataInterval 0 10 min 10 Average 1 RefTemp FP2 0 Average 6 TC FP2 0 EndTable Define data table Begin Program BeginProg Set scan interval Scan 1 Sec 3 0 Measurements PanelTemp RefTemp 250 TCDiff TC Offset Measure Processing None in this example Scan loop Call data table CallTable Temp Call da...

Page 183: ...nd PC400 datalogger support software p 97 Fundamental elements of CRBasic include the following Variables named packets of CR6 memory into which are stored values that normally vary during program execution Values are typically the result of measurements and processing Variables are given an alphanumeric name and can be dimensioned into arrays of related data Constants discrete packets of CR6 memo...

Page 184: ...statement Declaration of variables starts here Public Start 6 Declare the start time array BeginProg EndProg 7 6 2 2 2 Conserving Program Memory One or more of the following memory saving techniques can be used on the rare occasions when a program reaches memory limits Declare variables as DIM instead of Public DIM variables do not require buffer memory for data retrieval Reduce arrays to the mini...

Page 185: ...l programs that confine text lines to single statements are easier for humans to read In most cases regarding statements separated by as being separate lines is safe However in the case of an implied EndIf CRBasic behaves in what may be an unexpected manner In the case of an If Then Else EndIf statement where the EndIf is only implied it is implied after the last statement on the line For example ...

Page 186: ...c or Dim Public variables are viewable through numeric monitors p 592 Dim variables cannot be viewed A public variables can be set as read only using the ReadOnly instruction so that it cannot be changed from a numeric monitor The program however continues to have read write access to the variable Declared variables are initialized once when the program starts Additionally variables that are used ...

Page 187: ... IEEE4 floating point which is equivalent to the As Float declaration Variable data types are listed in the table Data Types in Variable Memory p 187 Final data memory data types are listed in the table Data Types in Final Storage Memory p 189 CRBasic example Data Type Declarations p 191 shows various data types in use in the declarations and output sections of a program CRBasic allows mixing data...

Page 188: ...to FLOAT numerics at the beginning of a string convert but conversion stops when a non numeric is encountered If the string begins with a non numeric the FLOAT will be NAN If the string contains multiple numeric values separated by non numeric characters the SplitStr instruction can be used to parse out the numeric values See the sections String Operations p 379 and Serial I O p 356 Unless declare...

Page 189: ...on floating point 8 64 bits about 14 digits 4 94065E 324 to 1 79769E308 Long Long Signed integer 4 Use to store count data in the range of 2 147 483 648 Speed integer math is faster than floating point math Resolution 32 bits Compare to 24 bits in IEEE4 Suitable for storing whole numbers counting number and integers in final storage memory If storing non integers the fractional portion of the valu...

Page 190: ...to record and process time data See NSEC Data Type p 259 1 nanosecond String String ASCII string Minimum 3 4 with null terminato r Default 24 Maximu m limited only to the size of available CR6 memory See caution 1 String size is defined by the CR6 operating system and CRBasic program When converting from STRING to FLOAT numerics at the beginning of a string convert but conversion stops when a non ...

Page 191: ...unter As Long Public PosNegCounter As Long Boolean Variable Examples Public Switches 8 As Boolean Public FLAGS 16 As Boolean String Variable Example Public FirstName As String 16 allows a string up to 16 characters long DataTable TableName True 1 FP2 Data Storage Example Sample 1 Z FP2 IEEE4 Float Data Storage Example Sample 1 X IEEE4 UINT2 Data Storage Example Sample 1 PosCounter UINT2 LONG Data ...

Page 192: ...ng variables in place of integers as dimension indices see CRBasic example Using Variable Array Dimension Indices p 192 declaring the indices As Long variables is recommended Doing so allows for more efficient use of CR6 resources Using Variable Array Dimension Indices This program example demonstrates the use of dimension indices in arrays The variable VariableName is declared with three dimensio...

Page 193: ...n variables especially variables named Flag usually works best in practice CRBasic example Flag Declaration and Use p 193 demonstrates changing words in a string based on a flag Flag Declaration and Use This program example demonstrates the declaration and use of flags as Boolean variables and the use of strings to report flag status To run the demonstration send this program to the CR6 then toggl...

Page 194: ...alized by the operator or a variable out of bounds error will occur When a Function function returns a pointer apply the operator to the function call as shown in the following example Function ConstrainFunc Value As Long Low As Long High As Long As Long If Value Low Then Return Low ElseIf Value High Then Return High Else Return Value EndIf EndFunction Call within program FuncFltRes ConstrainFunc ...

Page 195: ... the declaration Dim TempC CRBasic references only the first element of the array TempC 1 See CRBasic example Concatenation of Numbers and Strings p 381 for an example of using the assignment operator when working with arrays Using a Variable Array in Calculations This program example demonstrates the use of a variable array to reduce code In this example two variable arrays are used to convert fo...

Page 196: ...yntax rules and behaviors Given the array Array A B C The pair must always be present i e reference the array as Array or Array A B C Only 1 dimension of the array can be operated on at a time To select the dimension negate the element index Operations will not cross from 1 dimension into another We access from the specified starting point to the end of the dimension where the dimension is specifi...

Page 197: ...data type default to data type Float Also demonstrated is the loading of values into variables that are being declared Public aaa As Long 1 Declaring a single variable As Long and loading the value of 1 Public bbb 2 As String 20 String_1 String_2 Declaring an array As String and loading strings in each element Public ccc As Boolean True Declaring a variable As Boolean and loading the value of True...

Page 198: ...oint value achieves its extended range by using a base two exponential format The range of integers that a floating point value can reliably store is limited by the size of the mantissa which is 16 777 216 If the attempt is made to express a floating point constant outside of this range precision may be lost Constants in a constant table can also be changed using the SetSetting instruction and the...

Page 199: ...alue will have the alias name attached to it So if the CRBasic program needs to access that value the program must use the the alias derived name Variables in one two and three dimensional arrays can be assigned units Units are not used elsewhere in programming but add meaning to resultant data table headers If different units are to be used with each element of an array first assign aliases to th...

Page 200: ...ingle variable For example storing the binary number B11100000 preserves the status of flags 8 through 1 flags 1 to 5 are low 6 to 8 are high This example demonstrates an algorithm that loads binary status of flags into a LONG integer variable Public FlagInt As Long Public Flag 8 As Boolean Public I DataTable FlagOut True 1 Sample 1 FlagInt UINT2 EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 3 0 FlagInt 0 For I 1...

Page 201: ...written to each time data are directed to that file The trigger that initiates data storage is tripped either by the CR6 clock or by an event such as a high temperature The maximum number of data tables is 253 but the maximum can vary with other programming considerations If your need for data tables approaches the maximum only testing will define your limit Data tables may store individual measur...

Page 202: ...line consists of one or more fields The first four lines constitute the file header Subsequent lines contain data Note Discrete data files ASCII or binary can also be written to a CR6 memory drive using the TableFile instruction The first header line is the environment line It consists of eight fields listed in table TOA5 Environment Line p 202 TOA5 Environment Line Field Description Changed By 1 ...

Page 203: ...fourth line of the header reports abbreviations of the data process used to produce the field of data See the table Data Process Abbreviations p 229 Subsequent lines are observed data and associated record keeping The first field being a time stamp and the second being the record data line number As shown in CRBasic example Declaration and Use of a Data Table p 203 data table declaration begins wi...

Page 204: ... must be a letter or underscore Note While other characters may pass the precompiler and compiler runtime errors may occur if these naming rules are not adhered to TrigVar Controls whether or not data records are written to storage Data records are written to storage if TrigVar is true and if other conditions such as DataInterval are met Default setting is 1 True TrigVar may be a variable expressi...

Page 205: ...t be a multiple of the Scan NextScan interval Sometimes usually because of a timing issue program logic prevents a record from being written If a record is not written the CR6 recognizes the omission as a lapse and increments the SkippedRecord counter in the Status table Lapses waste significant memory in the data table and may cause the data table to fill sooner than expected DataInterval instruc...

Page 206: ...System Time p 604 rather than scan time see Scan Time p 599 is desired To get the system time the CallTable instruction must be run outside the Scan loop See Time Stamps p 387 OpenInterval Instruction By default the CR6 uses closed intervals Data output to a data table based on DataInterval includes measurements from only the current interval Intermediate memory that contains measurements is clear...

Page 207: ...mp_C an array of 2 are used DataType Data type for the stored average the example uses data type FP2 p 647 Read More See Declaring Data Types p 187 for more information on available data types DisableVar controls whether a measurement or value is included in an output processing function A measurement or value is not included if DisableVar is true 0 For example if the disable variable in an Averag...

Page 208: ... 10 Average 1 Oscillator FP2 DisableVar EndTable Main Program BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 1 0 Reset and Increment Counter If Oscillator 2 Then Oscillator 0 Oscillator Oscillator 1 Process and Control If Oscillator 1 If Flag 1 True Then DisableVar True EndIf Else DisableVar False EndIf Call Data Tables and Store Data CallTable OscAvgData NextScan EndProg Numbers of Records The exact number of records that...

Page 209: ...ature In contrast the following sequences are used only in specific applications Also see ApplyAndRestartSequence instruction Shut Down Sequences The ShutDownBegin ShutDownEnd instructions are used to define code that will execute whenever the currently running program is shutdown by prescribed means More information is available in CRBasic Editor Help Dial Sequences The DialSequence EndDialSequen...

Page 210: ...s are executed in either pipeline or sequential mode When in pipeline mode tasks run more or less in parallel When in sequential mode tasks run more or less in sequence When a program is compiled the CR6 evaluates the program and automatically determines which mode to use Using the PipelineMode or SequentialMode instruction at the beginning of the program will force the program into one mode or th...

Page 211: ...king place at the same time the sequence in which the instructions are executed may not be in the order in which they appear in the program Therefore conditional measurements are not allowed in pipeline mode Because of the precise execution of measurement instructions processing in the current scan including update of public variables and data storage is delayed until all measurements are complete...

Page 212: ...ement hardware until the main scan including processing is complete Other tasks such as processing from other sequences and communications can occur while the main sequence is running Once the main scan has finished other sequences have access to measurement hardware with the order of priority being the auto self calibration sequence followed by the slow sequences in the order they are declared in...

Page 213: ...extScan EndSequence EndProg SubScan NextSubScan Use when measurements or processing must run at faster frequencies than that of the main program BeginProg Scan SubScan NextSubScan NextScan EndProg 7 6 3 13 1 Scan NextScan Simple CR6 programs are often built entirely within a single Scan NextScan structure with only variable and data table declarations outside the scan Scan NextScan creates an infi...

Page 214: ...hen running in pipeline mode using a buffer allows the processing in the scan to lag behind measurements at times without affecting measurement timing Use of the CRBasic Editor default size is normal Refer SkippedScan p 562 for troubleshooting tips Count number of scans to make before proceeding to the instruction following NextScan A count of 0 means to continue looping forever or until ExitScan ...

Page 215: ...essing and communication to allow accurate timing needed within most measurement instructions A priority scheme is used in sequential mode to avoid conflicting use of measurement hardware As illustrated in figure Sequential Mode Scan Priority Flow Diagrams p 217 the main scan sequence has the highest priority Other sequences such as slow sequences and auto self calibration scans must wait to acces...

Page 216: ...ets to the top of the queue the main scan will not start until it can acquire the semaphore it waits for the slow sequence to release the semaphore A slow sequence scan does not hold the semaphore for the whole of its scan It releases the semaphore after each use of the hardware WaitDigTrig Scans Read More See Synchronizing Measurements Details p 471 Main scans and slow sequences usually trigger a...

Page 217: ...g data Measurement instructions set up CR6 hardware to make measurements and store results in variables Data storage instructions process measurements into averages maxima minima standard deviation FFT etc Each instruction is a keyword followed by a series of informational parameters needed to complete the procedure For example the instruction for measuring CR6 panel temperature is PanelTemp Dest ...

Page 218: ...t allow different types of arguments Common argument types are listed below Allowed argument types are specifically identified in the description of each instruction in CRBasic Editor Help Constant or expression that evaluates as a constant Variable Variable or array Constant variable or expression Constant variable array or expression Name Name or list of names Variable or expression Variable arr...

Page 219: ...bles constants units aliases station names field names data table names and file names can share identical names that is once a name is used it is reserved only in that category See Predefined Constants p 198 for another naming limitation 7 6 3 15 Expressions in Arguments Read More See Programming Expression Types p 220 Many CRBasic instruction parameters allow the entry of arguments as expression...

Page 220: ... CRBasic A useful property of expressions in CRBasic is that they are equivalent to and often interchangeable with their results Consider the expressions x z 1 8 32 mathematical expression If x 23 then y 5 programming expression The variable x can be omitted and the expressions combined and written as If z 1 8 32 23 then y 5 Replacing the result with the expression should be done judiciously and w...

Page 221: ... ND 1 254546R Single precision math ND 253500 Single precision result because 1 is single precision NextScan EndProg By the way if you need to force a value to single precision or at least be assured that it is single precision append it with an F A few operations are performed as double precision by default These are AddPrecise Average AvgRun AvgSpa CovSpa MovePrecise RMSSpa StdDev StdDevSpa Tota...

Page 222: ... value See an example of how this is done in the CRBasic example Use of Move to Conserve Code Space p 222 CRBasic example Use of Variable Arrays to Conserve Code Space p 222 shows example code to convert twenty temperatures in a variable array from C to F Use of Move to Conserve Code Space Move counter 1 6 0 1 Reset six counters to zero Keep array filled with the ten most current readings Move Tem...

Page 223: ...215 the size of the mantissa for a FLOAT will lose resolution when converted to FLOAT LONG from FLOAT or Boolean When converted to Long Boolean is converted to 1 or 0 When a FLOAT is converted to a LONG it is truncated This conversion is the same as the INT function Arithmetic Functions The conversion is to an integer equal to or less than the value of the float for example 4 6 becomes 4 and 4 6 b...

Page 224: ...e As FLOAT Constants to LONGs or FLOATs This program example demonstrates conversion of constants to Long or Float data types Public L As Long Public F1 As Float Public F2 As Float Const ID 10 BeginProg F1 F2 ID L ID 5 EndProg In the just previous CRBasic example L is an integer F1 and F2 are FLOATS The numeral 5 is loaded As FLOAT to add efficiently with constant ID which was compiled As FLOAT fo...

Page 225: ...r the CR6 internally converts it to 1 The CR6 is able to translate the conditions listed in table Binary Conditions of TRUE and FALSE p 225 to binary form 1 or 0 using the listed instructions and saving the binary form in the memory location indicated Table Logical Expression Examples p 226 explains some logical expressions Non Zero True Sometimes Any argument other than 0 or 1 will be translated ...

Page 226: ...essions TABLE Logical Expression Examples p 226 demonstrate some logical expressions IF AND OR NOT XOR IMP IIF Logical Expression Examples If X 5 then Y 0 Sets the variable Y to 0 if the expression X 5 is true i e if X is greater than or equal to 5 The CR6 evaluates the expression X 5 and registers in system memory a 1 if the expression is true or a 0 if the expression is false If X 5 OR Z 2 then ...

Page 227: ...ndProg 7 6 3 16 5 String Expressions CRBasic facilitates concatenation of string variables to variables of all data types using and operators To ensure consistent results use when concatenating strings Use when concatenating strings to other variable types CRBasic example String and Variable Concatenation p 227 demonstrates CRBasic code for concatenating strings and integers See section String Ope...

Page 228: ...ord 11 Word 9 Word 11 Word 10 Word 12 _ Word 11 Word 3 Word 14 Word 15 CallTable HAL NextScan EndProg 7 6 3 17 Programming Access to Data Tables A data table is a memory location where data records are stored Sometimes the stored data needs to be used in the CRBasic program For example a program can be written to retrieve the average temperature of the last five days for further processing CRBasic...

Page 229: ...red Data Process Abbreviations Abbreviation Process Name Tot Totalize Avg Average Max Maximum Min Minimum SMM Sample at Max or Min Std Standard Deviation MMT Moment No abbreviation Sample Hst Histogram 1 H4D Histogram4D FFT FFT Cov Covariance RFH Rainflow Histogram LCr Level Crossing WVc WindVector Med Median ETsz ET RSo Solar Radiation from ET TMx Time of Max TMn Time of Min 1 Hst is reported in ...

Page 230: ...lowing resources provide information on using signatures Signature instruction in Diagnostics RunSignature p 636 ProgSignature p 635 OSSignature p 633 Security Overview p 94 Many signatures are recorded in the Status table which is a type of data table Signatures recorded in the Status table can be copied to a variable using the programming technique described in the Programming Access to Data Tab...

Page 231: ...erving Data at Program Send You can send CRBasic programs to the CR6 in multiple ways Depending on the way you choose the CR6 keeps or deletes data already stored in memory Regardless of the program upload tool used if any change occurs to the following data table structures data are erased when a new program is sent Data table name s Data output interval or offset Number of fields per record Numb...

Page 232: ...m PC200W Clock Program Send Program RTDAQ Clock Program Send Program DevConfig Logger Control Send Program 1 Reset memory and set CRBasic program attributes to Run Always FIGURE 45 CRBasic Editor Program Send File Control window 7 7 Programming Resource Library This library of notes and CRBasic code addresses a narrow selection of CR6 applications 7 7 1 Advanced Programming Techniques 7 7 1 1 Capt...

Page 233: ...thin a data table with a more frequent record interval than the expected frequency of the event Declare Variables Public PTemp_C AirTemp_C DeltaT_C Public EventCounter Declare Event Driven Data Table DataTable Event True 1000 DataEvent 0 DeltaT_C 3 DeltaT_C 3 0 Sample 1 PTemp_C FP2 Sample 1 AirTemp_C FP2 Sample 1 DeltaT_C FP2 EndTable Declare Time Driven Data Table DataTable OneMin True 1 DataInte...

Page 234: ...a at the Scan rate once per second when condition is met because DataInterval instruction is not included in the table declaration after the DataTable declaration DataTable DeltaT DeltaT_C 3 1 Sample 1 Status StationName String Sample 1 DeltaT_C FP2 Sample 1 PTemp_C FP2 Sample 1 AirTemp_C FP2 EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 1 0 Measure wiring panel temperature PanelTemp PTemp_C 60 Measure type T the...

Page 235: ...t Data Output Interval 0 10 10 seconds 10 30 30 seconds 30 100 60 seconds 100 300 120 seconds 300 1000 300 seconds 1000 600 seconds Declare Variables Public PTemp Public Batt_Volt Public Level Public LevelMeasureCount As Long Public ScanCounter 6 As Long Declare Data Table DataTable LogTable 1 1 Minimum 1 Batt_Volt FP2 0 False Sample 1 PTemp FP2 Sample 1 Level FP2 EndTable Declare Level Measuremen...

Page 236: ...t interval Scan 120 mSec 0 200 There are 200 120 second scans in 10 minutes ScanCounter 4 ScanCounter 4 1 Included to show passes through this scan Battery Batt_volt PanelTemp PTemp 15000 Call MeasureLevel Call Output Tables CallTable LogTable NextScan Minute 300 to 1000 of test 300 second data output interval Scan 300 mSec 0 140 There are 140 300 second scans in 700 minutes ScanCounter 5 ScanCoun...

Page 237: ... reference temperature and the first measurement is calculated the difference is then used to control the status of a program control flag Program control then transitions into device control as the status of the flag is used to determine the state of a control port that controls an LED light emitting diode Battery voltage is measured and stored just because good programming practice dictates it b...

Page 238: ...age minimum in low resolution format Sample 1 Counter Long Stores counter in integer format Sample 1 SiteName String Stores site name as a string Sample 1 HowMany FP2 Stores how many data events in low resolution format EndTable Declare an event driven data output table DataTable Event True 1000 Data table event driven DataInterval 0 5 Sec 10 AND interval driven DataEvent 0 DeltaT_C 3 DeltaT_C 3 0...

Page 239: ... high otherwise set it low If DeltaT_C 3 Then Flag 1 high Else Flag 1 low EndIf Turn LED connected to Port 1 on when Flag 1 is high If Flag 1 high Then PortSet 1 1 alternate syntax PortSet 1 high Else PortSet 1 0 alternate syntax PortSet 1 low EndIf Count how many times the DataEvent DeltaT_C 3 has occurred The TableName EventCount syntax is used to return the number of data storage events that ha...

Page 240: ...and offsets are entered at the beginning of the program and then used by several measurement instructions throughout the program Scaling Array This program example demonstrates the use of a scaling array An array of three temperatures are measured The first is expressed as degrees Celsius the second as Kelvin and the third as degrees Fahrenheit Declare viewable variables Public PTemp_C Public Temp...

Page 241: ...gnatures to stored data allows system administrators to track program changes and data quality The following program signatures are available text signature binary runtime signature executable code signatures 7 7 1 7 1 Text Signature The text signature is the most widely used It is calculated from all text in a program including blank lines and comments It is found in ProgSignature field of the St...

Page 242: ...ure initialize executable code signature function Scan 1 Sec 0 0 ProgSig Status ProgSignature Set variable to Status table entry ProgSignature RunSig Status RunSignature Set variable to Status table entry RunSignature x 24 ExeSig 1 Signature signature includes code since initial Signature instruction y 43 ExeSig 2 Signature Signature includes all code since ExeSig 1 Signature CallTable Signatures ...

Page 243: ...nter1 1 CallTable DataTable1 Call DataTable1 NextScan End main scan SlowSequence Begin slow sequence Declare Public Variables for Secondary Scan can be declared at head of program Public Batt_Volt Public Counter2 Declare Data Table DataTable DataTable2 1 1 DataTable2 is event driven The event is the scan Sample 1 Batt_Volt FP2 Sample 1 Counter2 FP2 EndTable Scan 5 Sec 0 0 Begin 1st secondary scan ...

Page 244: ...taSetLong 10 As Long Dim x Write data set to CR6 memory Data 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Data 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 DataLong 1 2 3 4 5 DataLong 1 2 3 4 5 Declare data table DataTable DataSet_ True 1 Sample 10 DataSetFloat Float Sample 10 DataSetLong Long EndTable BeginProg Assign Float data to variable array declared As Float For x 1 To 10 Read DataSetFloat x Next x Assign Long data to variable array declar...

Page 245: ...x rules Definitions o Least significant dimension the last or right most figure in an array index For example in the array array a b b is the least significant dimension index In the array array a b c c is least significant o Negate place a negative or minus sign before the array index For example when negating the least significant dimension in array a b c the notion is array a b c An empty set o...

Page 246: ...and Rows This example sums three rows and two columns of a 3x2 array Source array image 1 23 2 34 3 45 4 56 5 67 6 78 Public Array 3 2 1 23 2 34 3 45 4 56 5 67 6 78 load values into source array Public RowSum 3 Public ColumnSum 2 BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 0 0 For each row add up the two columns RowSum Array 1 1 Array 1 2 For each column add up the three rows ColumnSum Array 1 1 Array 2 1 Array 3 1 Next...

Page 247: ...0 80 Public TempF_Alarm 3 As Boolean BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 0 0 element wise comparison of each temperature in the array to a scalar value set corresponding alarm boolean value true if temperature exceeds 20 degC TempC_Alarm TempC 20 some not all or most instructions will accept this array notation to auto index through the array round each temperature to the nearest tenth of a degree TempC_Rounded ...

Page 248: ...responding multiplier and offset copy the result into the first column of Db then set second column of Db to NAN Db 1 1 Da 1 1 DMultiplier DOffset Db 1 2 NAN NextScan EndProg 7 7 4 Data Output Calculating Running Average The AvgRun instruction calculates a running average of a measurement or calculated value A running average Dest is the average of the last N values where N is the number of values...

Page 249: ...tion The signal is attenuated by a synchronizing filter with an order of 1 simple averaging Sin πX πX where X is the ratio of the input signal frequency to the running average frequency running average frequency 1 time length of the running average Example Scan period 1 ms N value 4 number of points to average Running average duration 4 ms Running average frequency 1 running average duration 250 H...

Page 250: ...0 72π 0 72π 0 34 So the recorded amplitude was about 1 3 of the input signal amplitude A CRBasic program was written with variables Accel2 and Accel2RA The raw measurement was stored in Accel2 Accel2RA held the result of performing a running average on the Accel2 Both values were stored at a rate of 500 Hz Figure Running Average Signal Attenuation p 251 shows the two variables plotted to illustrat...

Page 251: ...Section 7 Installation 251 FIGURE 46 Running Average Frequency Response FIGURE 47 Running Average Signal Attenuation ...

Page 252: ...esis around the TriggerVariable AND statements DataTable TwoInt int_fast AND TimeIntoInterval 0 5 Sec OR int_slow AND _ TimeIntoInterval 0 15 sec 15000 Minimum 1 batt_volt FP2 0 False Sample 1 PTemp FP2 Maximum 1 counter 1 Long False False Minimum 1 counter 1 Long False False Maximum 1 deltaT FP2 False False Minimum 1 deltaT FP2 False False Average 1 deltaT IEEE4 false EndTable Main Program BeginP...

Page 253: ...r example for an average to be calculated for the hour each measurement must be added to a total over the hour This accumulation of data is not affected by TrigVar TrigVar controls only the moment when the final calculation is performed and the processed data the average are written to the data table For this summary moment to occur TrigVar and all other conditions such as DataInterval and DataEve...

Page 254: ...ample average and total of the variable Counter which is equal to 0 1 2 3 or 4 when the data table is called Public Counter DataTable Test Counter 2 or Counter 3 100 Sample 1 Counter FP2 Average 1 Counter FP2 False Totalize 1 Counter FP2 False EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 0 0 Counter Counter 1 If Counter 5 Then Counter 0 EndIf CallTable Test NextScan EndProg 7 7 7 Data Output Using Data Type Bool...

Page 255: ...g to an ASCII file Consequently more memory is required for the ASCII file but CR6 memory is conserved The compact BOOL8 data type also uses less comms band width when transmitted CRBasic example Bool8 and Bit Shift Operators p 257 programs the CR6 to monitor the state of 32 alarms as a tutorial exercise The alarms are toggled by manually entering zero or non zero e g 0 or 1 in each public variabl...

Page 256: ...Section 7 Installation 256 FIGURE 49 Alarms Toggled in Bit Shift Example FIGURE 50 Bool8 Data from Bit Shift Example Numeric Monitor ...

Page 257: ...Long Public FlagsBool8 4 As Long DataTable Bool8Data True 1 DataInterval 0 1 Sec 10 store bits 1 through 16 in columns 1 through 16 of data file Sample 2 FlagsBool8 1 Bool8 store bits 17 through 32 in columns 17 through 32 of data file Sample 2 FlagsBool8 3 Bool8 EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 3 0 Reset all bits each pass before setting bits selectively Flags h0 Set bits selectively Hex is used to ...

Page 258: ...00 If Alarm 20 Then Flags Flags OR h80000 b10000000000000000000 If Alarm 21 Then Flags Flags OR h100000 b100000000000000000000 If Alarm 22 Then Flags Flags OR h200000 b1000000000000000000000 If Alarm 23 Then Flags Flags OR h400000 b10000000000000000000000 If Alarm 24 Then Flags Flags OR h800000 b100000000000000000000000 If Alarm 25 Then Flags Flags OR h1000000 b1000000000000000000000000 If Alarm 2...

Page 259: ...e stored using the RealTime instruction Accessing and storing a time stamp from another datalogger in a PakBus network 7 7 8 1 NSEC Options NSEC is used in a CRBasic program one of the following ways In all cases the time variable is only sampled with a Sample instruction Reps 1 1 Time variable is declared As Long Sample instruction assumes the time variable holds seconds since 1990 and microsecon...

Page 260: ...ec 0 0 TimeVar FirstTable TimeStamp CallTable FirstTable CallTable SecondTable NextScan EndProg NSEC Two Element Time Array This program example demonstrates how to determine seconds since 00 00 00 1 January 1990 and microseconds into the last second This is done by retrieving variable TimeStamp into variables TimeOfMaxVar 1 and TimeOfMaxVar 2 Because the variable TimeOfMaxVar is dimensioned to 2 ...

Page 261: ...rTime 9 as year month day hour minutes seconds and microseconds using the RealTime instruction The first seven time values are copied to variable rTime2 1 through rTime2 7 Because the variables are dimensioned to 7 or greater NSEC assumes the first seven time factors in the arrays are year month day hour minutes seconds and microseconds Declarations Public rTime 9 As Long or Float Public rTime2 7 ...

Page 262: ...ue 1 Sample 1 TimeLong Nsec EndTable Program BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 0 0 1 Read Public TimeStamp into a LONG numeric variable Note that TimeStamp is a system variable so it is not declared TimeLong Public TimeStamp 1 1 UTC_Offset 2 Store it into a type NSEC datum in final data memory CallTable TimeTable 3 sample time to three string forms using the TableName FieldName notation Form 1 mm dd yyyy hr mm...

Page 263: ...ific s wind speed weighted algorithm Use of the resultant mean horizontal wind direction is not recommended for straight line Gaussian dispersion models but may be used to model transport direction in a variable trajectory model 3 WVc 1 Unit vector mean wind direction Θ1 4 WVc 1 Unit vector mean wind direction Θ1 WVc 2 Standard deviation of wind direction σ Θu This standard deviation is calculated...

Page 264: ...ite Meteorological Program Guidance for Regulatory Modeling Applications Standard deviation of horizontal wind fluctuations from sub intervals is calculated as follows where is the standard deviation over the data storage interval and are sub interval standard deviations A sub interval is specified as a number of scans The number of scans for a sub interval is given by Desired sub interval secs sc...

Page 265: ...direction or by Uei and Uni the east and north components of the sample vector At the end of data storage interval T the sum of the sample vectors is described by a vector of magnitude U and direction Θu If the input sample interval is t the number of samples in data storage interval T is N T t The mean vector magnitude is Ū U N Scalar mean horizontal wind speed S where in the case of orthogonal s...

Page 266: ...se of orthogonal sensors where Standard deviation of wind direction Yamartino algorithm where and Ux and Uy are as defined above Mean Wind Vector Resultant mean horizontal wind speed Ū FIGURE 53 Mean Wind Vector Graph where for polar sensors ...

Page 267: ...as shown in the figure Standard Deviation of Direction p 267 that where FIGURE 54 Standard Deviation of Direction FIGURE 55 Standard Deviation of Direction The Taylor Series for the Cosine function truncated after 2 terms is For deviations less than 40 degrees the error in this approximation is less than 1 At deviations of 60 degrees the error is 10 The speed sample can be expressed as the deviati...

Page 268: ... the Air Resources Laboratory NOAA Idaho Falls ID and MERDI Butte MT In these tests the maximum differences in and have never been greater than a few degrees The final form is arrived at by converting from radians to degrees 57 296 degrees radian 7 7 10 Data Output Writing High Frequency Data to Memory Cards Related Topics Memory Card CRD Drive Overview p 86 Memory Card CRD Drive Details p 495 Mem...

Page 269: ...RD drive the drive designation for the optional memory card is the only drive that is allowed for use with Option 64 Note Memory cards add a measure of security in guarding against data loss However no system is infallible Finding a functioning memory card in the mud after a moose has trampled your weather station or a tractor has run an offset disk over your soil moisture station may be difficult...

Page 270: ...umber of variables saved to the data table For a typical eddy covariance station this daily file is about 50 MB large 10 Hz scan frequency and 15 IEEE4 data points CRBasic example Using TableFile with Option 64 with Memory Card p 270 is an example of a micromet application Using TableFile with Option 64 with Memory Card This program example demonstrates the use of TableFile with Option 64 in micro...

Page 271: ...pile times increase with card and file sizes As the datalogger boots up the card must be searched to determine space available for data storage In addition for tables that are created by TableFile with Option 64 an empty file that is large enough to hold all of the specified records must be created i e memory is pre allocated When using TableFile with Option 64 program compile times can be lessene...

Page 272: ...TTP or e mail Although open files will appear in the CRD drive directory do not attempt to retrieve open files Doing so may corrupt the file and result in data loss Smaller files typically transmit more quickly and more reliably than large files Q Can data be accessed A Yes Data in the open or most recent file can be collected using the Collect or Custom Collect utilities in LoggerNet PC400 or RTD...

Page 273: ...ditor Help 2 rings the datalogger has a ring memory In other words once filled rather than stopping when full oldest data are overwritten by new data In this context rings designates when new data begins to overwrite the oldest data 3 CPU data table fill times can be confirmed in the datalogger DataTableInfo table 7 7 11 Displaying Data Custom Menus Details Related Topics Custom Menus Overview p 9...

Page 274: ...d level menu Note SubMenu label must be at least six characters long to mask default display clock CRBasic example Custom Menus p 277 demonstrates how to program a custom menu to facilitates viewing data entering notes and controlling a device Following is a list of figures that show the organization of the custom menu Custom Menu Example Home Screen p 274 Custom Menu Example View Data Window p 27...

Page 275: ...Section 7 Installation 275 FIGURE 57 Custom Menu Example View Data Window FIGURE 58 Custom Menu Example Make Notes Sub Menu FIGURE 59 Custom Menu Example Predefined Notes Pick List ...

Page 276: ...Section 7 Installation 276 FIGURE 60 Custom Menu Example Free Entry Notes Window FIGURE 61 Custom Menu Example Accept Clear Notes Window FIGURE 62 Custom Menu Example Control Sub Menu ...

Page 277: ...ample Control LED Pick List FIGURE 64 Custom Menu Example Control LED Boolean Pick List Note See figures Custom Menu Example Home Screen p 274 through Custom Menu Example Control LED Boolean Pick List p 277 in reference to the following CRBasic example ...

Page 278: ...lic StartFlag As Boolean LED Control Process Variable Public CountDown As Long LED Count Down Variable Public ToggleLED As Boolean LED Control Variable Define Note DataTable Set up Notes data table written DataTable Notes 1 1 to when a note is accepted Sample 1 SelectNote String Sample Pick List Note Sample 1 EnterNote String Sample Free Entry Note EndTable Define temperature DataTable Set up temp...

Page 279: ... Thermocouples TCDiff TCTemp 2 mV200C U1 TypeT RefTemp True 0 60 1 0 0 CallTable TempC Call data table Menu Item Make Notes Support Code If CycleNotes Accept Then CallTable Notes Write data to Notes data table CycleNotes Accepted Write Accepted after written Delay 1 500 mSec Pause so user can read Accepted SelectNote Clear pick list note EnterNote Clear free entry note CycleNotes Write as a null p...

Page 280: ...Numeric monitor screen captures are used in the following procedures Running through these procedures will give you a foundation for how field calibration works but use of the calibration wizard for routine work is recommended More detail is available in CRBasic Editor Help 7 7 12 1 Field Calibration CAL Files Calibration data are stored automatically usually on the CR6 CPU drive in CAL cal files ...

Page 281: ...served Boolean variable NewFieldCal a reserved Boolean variable under CR6 control used to optionally trigger a data storage output table one time after a calibration has succeeded See CRBasic Editor Help for operational details on CRBasic instructions 7 7 12 3 Field Calibration Wizard Overview The LoggerNet and RTDAQ field calibration wizards step you through the procedure by performing the mode v...

Page 282: ...alibration 5 Working only applicable for two point calibrations 6 Calibration complete 7 7 12 4 1 One Point Calibrations Zero or Offset Zero operation applies an offset of equal magnitude but opposite sign For example when performing a zeroing operation on a measurement of 15 3 the value 15 3 will be added to subsequent measurements Offset operation applies an offset of equal magnitude and same si...

Page 283: ...4 Set KnownVar variable to first known point 5 Set Mode variable 1 to start first part of calibration a Mode 2 automatic during the first point calibration b Mode 3 automatic when the first point is completed 6 Place sensor into second known point condition 7 Set KnownVar variable to second known point 8 Set Mode 4 to start second part of calibration a Mode 5 automatic during second point calibrat...

Page 284: ...lue of the FieldCal KnownVar parameter which is set to 0 Subsequent measurements have the same offset subtracted Option 0 does not affect the multiplier argument Example Case A sensor measures the relative humidity RH of air Multiplier is known to be stable but sensor offset drifts and requires regular zeroing in a desiccated chamber The following procedure zeros the RH sensor to obtain the calibr...

Page 285: ...e multiplier This program demonstrates the zero calibration with the following procedure Simulate a signal from a relative humidity sensor Measure the sensor signal Calculate and apply a zero calibration You can set up the simulation by loading this program into the CR6 and interconnecting the following terminals with a jumper wire to simulate the relative humidity sensor signal as follows U11 U1 ...

Page 286: ...fsetVar Mode KnownVar Index Avg FieldCal 0 RH 1 0 RHOffset CalMode KnownRH 1 30 If there was a calibration store calibration values into data table CalHist CallTable CalHist NextScan EndProg 7 7 12 5 2 FieldCal Offset Opt 1 Example Most CRBasic measurement instructions have a multiplier and offset parameter FieldCal Option 1 adjusts the offset argument such that the output of the sensor being cali...

Page 287: ... placed in a 30 mg l standard solution place a jumper wire between terminals U1 and U11 The following variables are preset by the program SimulatedSalinitySignal 1350 KnownSalinity 30 3 To start a simulated calibration set variable CalMode 1 When CalMode increments to 6 offset calibration is complete The calibrated offset will equal 37 48 mg l 4 To continue this example and simulate an offset drif...

Page 288: ...by setting variable CalMode 1 When CalMode 6 will occur automatically after 10 measurements the routine is complete Note the new value in variable SalinityOffset Now enter the following millivolt value as the simulated sensor signal and note how the new offset is added to the measurement SimulatedSalinitySignal 1345 NOTE This program places a cal file on the CPU drive of the CR6 The cal file must ...

Page 289: ...tersects two known points sequentially entered in the FieldCal KnownVar parameter Subsequent measurements are scaled with the same multiplier and offset Example Case A meter measures the volume of water flowing through a pipe Multiplier and offset are known to drift so a two point calibration is required periodically at known flow rates The following procedure adjusts multiplier and offset to corr...

Page 290: ... Two Point Slope and Offset This program example demonstrates the use of FieldCal in calculating and applying a multiplier and offset calibration A multiplier and offset calibration compares signal magnitudes of a sensor to known standards The calculated multiplier and offset scale the reported magnitude of the sensor to a value consistent with the linear relationship that intersects known points ...

Page 291: ...DataTable CalHist NewFieldCal 200 SampleFieldCal EndTable BeginProg LOAD CALIBRATION CONSTANTS FROM FILE CPU CALHIST CAL Effective after the zero calibration procedure when variable CalMode 6 LoadFieldCal true Scan 100 mSec 0 0 SIMULATE SIGNAL THEN MAKE THE MEASUREMENT Multiplier calibration is applied when variable CalMode 6 ExciteV U11 SimulatedFlowSignal 0 VoltSE Flow 1 mV5000 U1 1 0 15000 Flow...

Page 292: ...for Water Content Sensor CRBasic Variable At Deployment SimulatedWaterContentSignal 175 mV KnownWC 10 SimulatedWaterContentSignal 700 mV KnownWC 35 WCMultiplier 0 0476 mV The following procedure sets the sensitivity of a simulated soil water content sensor 1 Send CRBasic example FieldCal Multiplier p 292 to the CR6 2 To simulate the soil water sensor signal place a jumper wire between terminals U1...

Page 293: ...occurs automatically after 10 measurements the routine is complete Note the new value in variable WCMultiplier Now enter a new value in the simulated sensor signal as follows and note how the new multiplier scales the measurement SimulatedWaterContentSignal 350 NOTE This program places a cal file on the CPU drive of the CR6 The cal file must be erased to reset the demonstration DECLARE SIMULATED S...

Page 294: ... point calibration include applications wherein the result is based not only on the zero offset for a single sensor but the zero state of multiple sensors For example a non vented piezometer whose result should take into account a zero reading from the sensor as well as the effects due to temperature and barometric pressure changes with respect to their values at the time of calibration Such an eq...

Page 295: ... Units Temperature_ZeroPoint Deg_C Alias ZeroFactor 3 Baro_Zero Units Baro_Zero mBar Public GF1 Temperature1_K LoadResult ModeZero1 Public Flag 8 AVWRC DataTable Table1 True 1 DataInterval 0 0 0 10 Sample 1 Pressure1 IEEE4 Sample 6 VW IEEE4 EndTable DataTable CalFact NewFieldCal 10 SampleFieldCal EndTable BeginProg SerialOpen ComC1 38400 0 0 500 Set sensor gage factor and temperature correction co...

Page 296: ...Strain Measurements Overview p 78 Strain Measurements Details p 413 FieldCalStrain Examples p 296 Strain gage systems consist of one or more strain gages a resistive bridge in which the gage resides and a measurement device such as the CR6 datalogger The FieldCalStrain instruction facilitates shunt calibration of strain gage systems and is designed exclusively for strain applications wherein micro...

Page 297: ...features If a strain gage configured as shown in figure Quarter Bridge Strain Gage with RC Resistor Shunt p 298 is not available strain signals can be simulated by building the simple circuit substituting a 1000 Ω potentiometer for the strain gage To reset calibration tests use the support software File Control p 583 menu to delete cal files and then send the demonstration program again to the CR6...

Page 298: ...in instruction by measuring quarter bridge strain gage measurements Public Raw_mVperV Public MicroStrain Variables that are arguments in the Zero Function Public Zero_Mode Public Zero_mVperV Variables that are arguments in the Shunt Function Public Shunt_Mode Public KnownRes Public GF_Adj Public GF_Raw Tables DataTable CalHist NewFieldCal 50 SampleFieldCal EndTable PROGRAM BeginProg Set Gage Facto...

Page 299: ...e then set Shunt_Mode 4 FieldCalStrain 13 MicroStrain 1 GF_Adj 0 Shunt_Mode KnownRes 1 10 GF_Raw 0 CallTable CalHist NextScan EndProg 7 7 12 6 3 FieldCalStrain Quarter Bridge Shunt Example With CRBasic example FieldCalStrain Calibration p 298 sent to the CR6 and the strain gage stable use the CR1000KD Keyboard Display or software numeric monitor to change the value in variable KnownRes to the nomi...

Page 300: ...49 kΩ resistor in place to simulate a strain Using the CR1000KD Keyboard Display or software numeric monitor change the value in variable Zero_Mode to 1 to start the zero calibration as shown in figure Zero Procedure Start p 300 When Zero_Mode increments to 6 zero calibration is complete as shown in figure Zero Procedure Finish p 300 FIGURE 68 Zero Procedure Start FIGURE 69 Zero Procedure Finish ...

Page 301: ...iprocal of signal integration time is larger than 15000 and when SettlingTime is less than 500 µs While programming the CR6 for fast measurements you must balance the need for data integrity with the need for speed Maximum Measurement Speeds Using VoltSE VoltSE Measurement Type Maximum Speed on n Channels Fast Scan 100 Hz n 10 Cluster Burst1 2 100 Hz n 2 Dwell Burst1 3 45358 samples 93750 Hz n 1 1...

Page 302: ...atures are key to making this application work PipelineMode enabled Measurement speed set with Scan Interval 10 and Units mSec Scan BufferOption increased to 5 VoltSE settling time set to 30 uSec NOTE measurement resolution is compromised at settling times less than 100 uSec PipeLineMode Public FastContinuousSE 1 DataTable FastContinuousSEData 1 1 Sample 1 FastContinuousSE FP2 EndTable BeginProg S...

Page 303: ...t as follows Scan Interval 1 Units Sec SubScan SubInterval 10 Units mSec and Count 100 Scan BufferOption increased to 5 PipeLineMode Public ClusterBurstSE 2 DataTable ClusterBurstSEData 1 1 Sample 2 ClusterBurstSE FP2 EndTable BeginProg Scan Interval Units BufferOption Count Scan 1 Sec 5 0 SubScan SubInterval Units Count SubScan 10 mSec 100 VoltSE Dest Reps Range SEChan MeasOff SettlingTime fN1 p ...

Page 304: ...al All measurements for one channel are placed in a single large variable array The large array is stored in a single long record in the data table The exact sampling interval is calculated as follows SampleTime INT MuxTime Reps 1 2 ms MuxTime multiplexed measurement time PipeLineMode Public DwellBurstSE1 34802 Public DwellBurstSE2 34802 DataTable DwellBurstSEData 1 1 Sample 34802 DwellBurstSE1 FP...

Page 305: ...U1 to U11 Measure Offset No change from standard measurement mode For fastest rate set to False Measurements per Excitation Must equal the value entered in Repetitions Reverse Ex No change from standard measurement mode For fastest rate set to False Rev Diff No change from standard measurement mode For fastest rate set to False SettlingTime Settling time in µs Range is 100 to 600000 µs Shorter set...

Page 306: ...Scan Interval consider the following two points o Status table MeasureTime p 632 field reports the measurement time that occupies the Scan NextScan Interval MeasureTime includes time needed to make measurements inside and outside SubScan NextSubScan o NextScan needs 100 µs to run One Scan NextScan buffer holds the raw measurements made in one main scan inside and outside the sub scan For example o...

Page 307: ... Delay This program example demonstrates how to perform an excite delay measure operation In this example the system requires 1 s of excitation to stabilize before the sensors are measured A single ended measurement is made and a separate differential measurement is made To see this program in action connect the following terminal pairs to simulate sensor connections U11 U1 U12 U3 U4 Ground Symbol...

Page 308: ...lable at www campbellsci com The CR6 supports SDI 12 communication through two modes transparent mode and programmed mode Transparent mode facilitates sensor setup and troubleshooting It allows commands to be manually issued and the full sensor response viewed Transparent mode does not record data Programmed mode automates much of the SDI 12 protocol and provides for data recording 7 7 15 1 SDI 12...

Page 309: ...or terminal C1 An Entering SDI12 Terminal response indicates that SDI 12 transparent mode is active and ready to transmit SDI 12 commands and display responses FIGURE 70 Entering SDI 12 Transparent Mode 7 7 15 1 1 SDI 12 Transparent Mode Commands Commands have three components Sensor address a a single character and is the first character of the command Sensors are usually assigned a default addre...

Page 310: ...addresses Start Concurrent Measurement aC atttnn CR LF Additional Concurrent Measurements aC1 aC9 atttnn CR LF Additional Concurrent Measurements and Request CRC aCC1 aCC9 atttnn CR LF Send Data aD0 aD9 a values CR LF or a values CRC CR LF Send Identification aI allccccccccmmmmmmvvvxxx xx CR LF For example 013CampbellCS1234003STD 03 01 means address 0 SDI 12 protocol version number 1 3 manufacture...

Page 311: ...DI 12 Address Commands Address and identification commands request metadata about the sensor Connect only a single probe when using these commands Requests the sensor address Response is address a Syntax aAb Changes the sensor address a is the current address and b is the new address Response is the new address Syntax aAb aI Requests the sensor identification Response is defined by the sensor manu...

Page 312: ...orted by the sensor manufacturer v requests variant data Variants may include alternate units e g C or F additional values e g level and temperature or a diagnostic of the sensor internal battery Syntax aMv As an example the response from the command 5M is 500410 where 5 reports the sensor SDI 12 address 004 indicates the data will be available in 4 seconds 10 indicates that 10 values will be avai...

Page 313: ... for aCv If the number of characters exceed the limit the remainder of the response are obtained with subsequent aDv commands wherein v increments with each iteration aDv Request data from the sensor Example Syntax aD0 SDI 12 Continuous Measurement Command aR0 to aR9 Sensors that are continuously monitoring such as a shaft encoder do not require an M command They can be read directly with the Cont...

Page 314: ...xample the operator manually enters aM and aD0 to initiate a measurement and get data with the operator providing the proper time delay between the request for measurement and the request for data In programmed mode the CR6 provides command and timing services within a single line of code For example when the SDI12Recorder instruction is programmed with the M command note that the SDI 12 address i...

Page 315: ...command s See section Alternate Start Concurrent Measurement Command Cv p 316 Sensor responds to aDv command s with data if any If no data loads NAN into variable CR6 moves to next CRBasic instruction does not re issue aCv command Send Identification I CR6 issues aI command Start Measurement M Mv MCv CR6 issues aMv command Sensor responds with atttnn CR6 If nnn 0 then NAN put in the first element ...

Page 316: ...asurement command to each sensor as shown in the following CRBasic example Public BatteryVolt Public Temp1 Temp2 Temp3 Temp4 BeginProg Scan 5 Sec 0 0 Non SDI 12 measurements here SDI12Recorder Temp1 1 0 M 1 0 0 SDI12Recorder Temp2 1 1 M 1 0 0 SDI12Recorder Temp3 1 2 M 1 0 0 SDI12Recorder Temp4 1 3 M 1 0 0 NextScan EndProg However the code sequence has three problems 1 It does not allow measurement...

Page 317: ...wer usage by the CR6 This application has a very tight power budget Since the C command reissues a measurement request immediately after receiving data the sensors will be in a high power state continuously To remedy this problem measurements need to be started with C command but stopped short of receiving the next measurement command hard coded part of the C routine after their data are polled Th...

Page 318: ... Public Temp 4 DataTable Temp True 0 DataInterval 0 5 Min 10 Sample 4 Temp FP2 EndTable BeginProg Scan 5 Sec 0 0 PanelTemp Temp 1 250 Measure CR6 wiring panel temperature to use as base for simulated temperatures Temp 2 Temp 3 and Temp 4 Temp 2 Temp 1 5 Temp 3 Temp 1 10 Temp 4 Temp 1 15 CallTable Temp NextScan SlowSequence Do Note SDI12SensorSetup SDI12SensorResponse must be renewed after each suc...

Page 319: ...an occur in an application that has a tight power budget To make full use of the aC command measurement control logic is used Declare variables Dim X Public RunSDI12 Public Cmd 4 Public Temp_Tmp 4 Public Retry 4 Public IndDone 4 Public Temp_Meas 4 Public GroupDone Main Program BeginProg Preset first measurement command to C For X 1 To 4 cmd X C Next X Set five second scan rate Scan 5 Sec 0 0 Other...

Page 320: ...l 10 cmd X C Start next measurement with C IndDone X 1 EndIf Next X Summarize Measurement Event Success For X 1 To 4 GroupDone GroupDone IndDone X Next X Stop current measurement event reset controls If GroupDone 4 Then RunSDI12 False GroupDone 0 For X 1 To 4 IndDone X 0 Retry X 0 Next X Else GroupDone 0 EndIf EndIf End of measurement sequence NextScan EndProg 7 7 15 2 2 SDI 12 Extended Command Su...

Page 321: ...oubleshooting tool is the terminal mode snoop utility which allows monitoring of SDI 12 traffic Enter terminal mode as described in SDI 12 Transparent Mode p 308 issue CRLF Enter key until CR6 prompt appears Type W and then Enter Type 9 in answer to Select 100 in answer to Enter timeout secs Y to ASCII Y SDI 12 communications are then opened for viewing The SDI12SensorSetup SDI12SensorResponse ins...

Page 322: ...use of the SDI12SensorSetup SDI12SensorResponse instruction pair to program the CR6 to emulate an SDI 12 sensor A common use of this feature is the transfer of data from the CR6 to SDI 12 compatible instruments including other Campbell Scientific dataloggers over a single wire interface SDI 12 port to SDI 12 port The recording datalogger simply requests the data using the aD0 command Public PanelT...

Page 323: ... 12 probe all probes on the same SDI 12 port will wake up However only the probe addressed by the datalogger will respond All other probes will remain active until the timeout period expires Example Probe Water Content Power Usage Quiescent 0 25 mA Measurement 120 mA Measurement time 15 s Active 66 mA Timeout 15 s Probes 1 2 3 and 4 are connected to SDI 12 control port C1 The time line in table Ex...

Page 324: ...he writing of a single file of code to run on multiple models of CRBasic dataloggers When a CRBasic user program is sent to the CR6 an exact copy of the program is saved as a file on the CPU drive p 490 A binary version of the program the operating program is created by the CR6 compiler and written to Operating Memory p 491 http www This is the program version that runs the CR6 CRBasic allows defi...

Page 325: ...ble to be sent to the CR6 which may help keep costs down over very expensive comms links CRBasic example Conditional Code p 325 shows a sample program that demonstrates use of conditional compilation features in CRBasic Within the program are examples showing the use of the predefined LoggerType constant and associated predefined datalogger constants 6 800 1000 and 3000 Conditional Code This progr...

Page 326: ...the datalogger type the program is running in If LoggerType 3000 This instruction is used if the datalogger is a CR3000 VoltSe ValueRead 1 mV1000 22 0 0 _50Hz 0 1 30 ElseIf LoggerType 1000 This instruction is used if the datalogger is a CR1000 VoltSe ValueRead 1 mV2500 12 0 0 _50Hz 0 1 30 ElseIf LoggerType 800 This instruction is used if the datalogger is a CR800 Series VoltSe ValueRead 1 mV2500 3...

Page 327: ...any ways to measure a PRT with a CR6 datalogger When using U terminals configured for voltage excitation output the most direct route is to measure a four wire PRT in a three wire half bridge When using U terminals configured for voltage excitation output the most direct route is to connect a four wire PRT directly to the CR6 Other ways to measure a PRT are listed in TABLE PRT Measurement Circuit ...

Page 328: ...alances at the temperature range midpoint Current excitation Basic four wire circuit Minimizes errors due to voltage drop with long leads Uses off the shelf PRTs More tolerant of lower grade wiring Two input terminals per sensor Simplest to use Full bridge circuit Minimizes errors due to voltage drop over long leads More tolerant of lower grade wiring Two input terminals per sensor Best overall 7 ...

Page 329: ...e 0 C PT100 Temperature and ideal resistances RS α 0 003851 RS 40 RS0 RS10 RS60 C 40 0 10 60 mΩ 84270 100000 103900 123240 1 Commonly available tables provide these resistance values Callandar Van Dusen Coefficients for PT100 α 0 00385 Constants Coefficient a 3 9083000E 03 d 2 3100000E 06 e 1 7584810E 05 f 1 1550000E 06 g 1 7909000E 00 h 2 9236300E 00 i 9 1455000E 00 j 2 5581900E 02 Input Ranges m...

Page 330: ...0 mV 2500 mV 5000 mV 2 000 mA n a 2 500 mA 7 7 17 3 Example 100 Ω PRT in Four Wire Half Bridge with Voltage Excitation PT100 BrHalf4W FIGURE 71 PT100 BrHalf4W Four Wire Half Bridge Schematic Procedure Data BrHalf4W Four Wire Half Bridge Equations X RS Rf RS Rf X VX VS Rf RS R1 RS Bridge Resistor Values mΩ R1 Rf 10000000 100000 ...

Page 331: ...e equation reduces the absolute result by 1 to allow for resistor inaccuracy VXmax VSmax Rf RSmax R1 RSmax 0 99 where VSmax 200 mV maximum voltage in the 200 mV input range Rf 100000 mΩ 100 Ω R1 10000000 mΩ 10 kΩ RSmax 123240 mΩ PT100 at 60 C 3 so VXmax 16425 mV 4 Calibrate the PT100 If the PRT accuracy specification is good enough and you trust it assume RS0 100000 mΩ Otherwise do the following p...

Page 332: ... d Calculate RS10 RS10 X10 Rf 103900 6 Calculate RS10 RS0 K and temperature a RS10 RS0 1 039 b K RS10 RS0 1 0 039 c T g K 4 h K 3 i K 2 j K 9 99 C d T SQRT d RS10 RS0 e a f 9 99 C 1 A Campbell Scientific terminal input module TIM can be used to complete the resistive bridge circuit Refer to the appendix Passive Signal Conditioners List p 653 2 The magnitude of the excitation voltage does not matte...

Page 333: ...0 BrHalf4W Four Wire Half Bridge Measurement This program example demonstrates the measurement of a 100 ohm PRT in a four wire half bridge using current excitation See previous procedure and schematic Declare constants and variables Const Rf 100000 Value of bridge resistor Const RS0 100000 Resistance of PT100 at 0 C from calibration program Public X Raw output from the bridge Public RS Calculated ...

Page 334: ...ffects of signal noise Why use a bridge resistor near value of PT100 By using a bridge resistor Rf that is close in value to that of the PT100 RS the differential measurement of V2 voltage drop across PRT can be made on the same range as the differential measurement of V1 voltage drop across Rf Using the same range eliminates range translation errors that can arise from variances in the 0 01 range...

Page 335: ...on voltage VX for the measurement range of 40 to 60 C The equation reduces the absolute result by 1 to allow for resistor inaccuracy VXmax VSmax RSmax Rf RSmax 0 99 where VSmax 200 mV maximum voltage in the 200 input range Rf 10000000 mΩ RSmax 123240 mΩ PT00 at 60 C 2 so VXmax 1626420334066 mV 4 Calibrate the PT100 If the PRT accuracy specification is good enough and you trust it assume RS0 100000...

Page 336: ...7 into the CR6 It is already programmed with the excitation voltage from step 3 and RS0 from step 4 b Place PT100 in medium to measure c Measure with BrHalf3W If you are doing a dry run assume the result of BrHalf3W X0 0 01039 d Calculate RS10 RS10 X10 Rf 103900 6 Calculate RS10 RS0 K and temperature a RS10 RS0 1 039 b K RS10 RS0 1 0 039 c T g K 4 h K 3 i K 2 j K 9 99 C d T SQRT d RS10 RS0 e a f 9...

Page 337: ... BrHalf3W Three Wire Half Bridge Measurement This program example demonstrates the measurement of a 100 ohm PRT PT100 in a three wire half bridge with voltage excitation See adjacent procedure and schematic Declare constants and variables Const Rf 10000000 Value of bridge resistor Const RS0 100000 Resistance of PT100 at 0 C from calibration program Public X Raw output from the bridge Public RS Cal...

Page 338: ...t 40 C RS is 115 71 Ω At 40 C because of the error from wire b the measured ratio RS RS0 is 1 1551 while the ratio without the error would be 115 54 100 1 1554 As a result the temperature computed by PRTCalc from the ratio with the error is about 0 43 C higher than the temperature measured without the error from wire b This source of error does not exist in a four wire half bridge configuration 7 ...

Page 339: ... Wire circuit to datalogger Use FIGURE PT100 BrFull Four Wire Full Bridge Schematic p 338 as the wiring diagram 3 Calculate excitation voltage Use the following equation to calculate the best excitation voltage VX for the measurement range 40 to 60 C The equation reduces the absolute result by 1 to allow for resistor inaccuracy VXmax VSmax RSmax RSmax R4 R2 R1 R2 0 99 where VSmax 200 mV maximum vo...

Page 340: ...gTime fN1 p 584 Mult Offset BrFull X1 1 mV200 U1 U11 1 2500 True True 0 15000 1 0 Calculate X2 X2 X1 1000 R2 R1 R2 Calculate RS0 RS0 R4 X2 1 X2 NextScan EndProg into the CR6 It is already programmed with the excitation voltage from step 3 b Place the PRT in an ice bath 0 C c Measure the PRT If you are doing a dry run assume the result of BrFull X0 0 d Calculate RS0 X20 X0 1000 R2 R1 R2 0 01961 RS0...

Page 341: ...s and Notes PT100 BrFull Four Wire Full Bridge Calibration This program example demonstrates the calibration of a 100 ohm PRT PT100 in a four wire full bridge with voltage excitation See previous procedure and schematic Declare constants and variables Const R1 5000000 Value of R1 bridge resistor Const R2 120000 Value of R2 bridge resistor Const R4 5000000 Value of R4 bridge resistor Public X1 Raw ...

Page 342: ...100 resistance Public RS_RS0 Calculated ratio RS RS0 Public DegC Calculated temperature of PT100 BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 0 0 Measure X BrFull Dest Reps Range DiffChan ExChan MeasPEx ExmV RevEx RevDiff SettlingTime fN1 p 584 Mult Offset BrFull X1 1 mV200 U1 U11 1 2500 True True 0 15000 1 0 Calculate X2 X2 X1 1000 R2 R1 R2 Calculate RS and RS_RS0 RS R4 X2 1 X2 RS_RS0 RS RS0 Calculate temperature from R...

Page 343: ...efficients or T g K 4 h K 3 I K 2 j K see PRT Calculation Standards for coefficients Resistance of the PRT R3 R3 R4 X3 1 X3 X3 X 1000 R2 R1 R2 Measurement resolution There is a change of approximately 2 mV from the output at 40 C to the output at 51 C or 200 µV C With a resolution of 1 6 µV on the 200 mV range this means that the temperature resolution is 0 0044 C 7 7 17 6 Example 100 Ω PRT in Fou...

Page 344: ...0 Ω resistor 2 Wire circuit to datalogger Use FIGURE PT100 Resistance Basic Circuit Schematic p 344 as the wiring diagram 3 Calculate excitation current Use the following equation to calculate the best excitation current IX for the measurement range 40 to 60 C The equation reduces the absolute result by 1 to allow for resistor inaccuracy IXmax VSmax RSmin 0 99 where VSmax 200 mV max input voltage ...

Page 345: ...rfect PRT In the real world PRT resistance at 0 C will probably land on either side of 100 Ω 5 Measure the sensor If you are doing a dry run assume the temperature is 10 C a Enter CRBasic EXAMPLE PT100 Resistance Basic Circuit Measurement p 346 into the CR6 It is already programmed with the excitation current from step 3 and RS0 from step 4 b Place PT100 in medium to measure c Measure with Resista...

Page 346: ... Resistance Basic Circuit Measurement This program example demonstrates the measurement of 100 ohm PRT PT100 with current excitation See previous procedure and schematic Declare constants and variables Const RS0 100000 Resistance of PT100 at 0 C from calibration program Public X Raw output from the bridge Public RS Calculated PT100 resistance Public RS_RS0 Calculated ratio RS RS0 Public DegC Calcu...

Page 347: ...rminal Do this by calculating IXmax at several PRT numbers IXmax InLim n RSmin 0 99 where InLim Input Limits 5000 mV n number of PT100 sensors RSmin minimum resistance in the temperature range 84270 mΩ so IXmax 0 029 mA 29 µA when n 2 Other results are tabulated in the following table Number of PT100 PT100 Number n Max Excite Current IXmax 1 0 059 mA 2 0 029 mA 3 0 020 mA 4 0 015 mA 5 0 012 mA 6 0...

Page 348: ...ut from the bridge Public RS 3 Calculated PT100 resistance Public RS_RS0 3 Calculated ratio RS RS0 Public DegC 3 Calculated temperature Public Cnt Counter for For Next loop BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 0 0 Measure X Resistance Dest Reps Range InputChan IExChan MPE ExuA RevEx RevDiff SettlingTime fN1 p 584 Mult Offset Resistance X 3 mV200 U3 U1 3 1000 True True 0 15000 1 0 Calculate RS and RS_RS0 For Cnt 1...

Page 349: ... R4 R3 R2 R4 X R1 R2 R4 X R1 RB X R3 R3 R4 R2 R1 R2 Definitions X is the output of the Resistance equation V1 is the voltage output of the bridge at terminals U3 and U4 this value is used only internally in the CR6 IX is the magnitude of the current I excitation R1 R2 R4 are resistor values in the bridge R3 is the resistance of the PRT RB is the resistance of the whole bridge as measured between t...

Page 350: ...to the resistance of the PRT at 10 C See Procedure Information PT100 Resistance Full Bridge p 349 Since a 103 9 Ω resistor is hard to find use a 100 Ω resistor It is close enough 2 Wire circuit to datalogger Use FIGURE PT100 Resistance Four Wire Full Bridge Schematic p 349 as the wiring diagram Wire the current return wire to the ground terminal associated with the terminal supplying the current 3...

Page 351: ...her side of 100 Ω 5 Measure the sensor If you are doing a dry run assume the temperature is 10 C a Enter CRBasic EXAMPLE PT100 Resistance Full Bridge Measurement p 352 into the CR6 It is already programmed with the excitation current and RS0 from step 4 b Place PT100 in medium to measure c Measure with Resistance If you are doing a dry run assume the result of Resistance X10 7874 d Calculate RS10 ...

Page 352: ...ance Four Wire Full Bridge Measurement This program example demonstrates the measurement of a 100 ohm PRT PT100 in a four wire full bridge with current excitation See previous procedure and schematic Declare constants and variables Const R1 5000000 Value of R1 bridge resistor Const R2 120000 Value of R2 bridge resistor Const R4 5000000 Value of R4 bridge resistor Const RS0 100000 Resistance of PT1...

Page 353: ...0 to 0 C it introduces 0 003 C error to the measurement Eq 1 and Eq 2 yield approximations of the true linearity of a PRT The approximation error can be as high as several hundredths of a degree Celsius at different points in the temperature range and it varies from sensor to sensor Individual sensors also have errors relative to the ASTM E1137 04 standard These errors can be as much as 0 3 C at 0...

Page 354: ... 00 h 2 9236300E 00 i 9 1455000E 00 j 2 5581900E 02 1 Compliant with the following standards IEC 60751 2008 IEC 751 ASTM E1137 04 JIS 1604 1997 EN 60751 DIN43760 BS1904 and others reference IEC 60751 and ASTM E1137 α 0 00385 PRTCalc PRTType 2 α 0 003921 Constant Coefficient a 3 9786300E 03 d 2 3452400E 06 e 1 8174740E 05 f 1 1726200E 06 g 1 7043690E 00 h 2 7795010E 00 i 8 8078440E 00 j 2 5129740E ...

Page 355: ...ard α 0 00391 Reference OMIL R84 2003 PRTCalc PRTType 4 α 0 0039161 Constant Coefficient a 3 9739000E 03 d 2 3480000E 06 e 1 8139880E 05 f 1 1740000E 06 g 1 7297410E 00 h 2 8905090E 00 i 8 8326690E 00 j 2 5159480E 02 1 Old Japanese Standard α 0 003916 Reference JIS C 1604 1981 National Instruments PRTCalc PRTType 5 α 0 003751 Constant Coefficient a 3 8100000E 03 d 2 4080000E 06 e 1 6924100E 05 f 1...

Page 356: ...res a judgment call To maximize measurement resolution the excitation voltage must be maximized However to minimize self heating of the PRT element excitation voltage must be minimized Keeping the voltage drop across the PRT to 25 mV addresses both concerns since self heating is normally less than 0 001 C in still air To maximize the measurement resolution optimize the excitation voltage Vx such t...

Page 357: ...II ANSI Table for a complete list of ASCII ANSI codes and their binary and hex equivalents The face value of the byte however is not what is usually of interest The manufacturer of the instrument must specify what information in the byte is of interest For instance two bytes may be received one for character 2 the other for character b The pair of characters together 2b is the hexadecimal code for...

Page 358: ...kBus is the protocol native to the CR6 and transparently handles routine point to point and network communications among PCs and Campbell Scientific dataloggers Modbus and DNP3 are industry standard networking SCADA protocols that optionally operate in the CR6 with minimal user configuration PakBus Modbus and DNP3 operate on the RS 232 CS I O and four COM ports SDI 12 is a protocol used by some sm...

Page 359: ...iving devices are not synchronized using a clock signal Term baud rate The rate at which data are transmitted Term big endian Big end first Placing the most significant integer at the beginning of a numeric word reading left to right The processor in the CR6 is LSB or puts the least significant integer first See the appendix Endianness p 649 Term cr Carriage return Term data bits Number of bits us...

Page 360: ...lid RS 232 voltage level for a mark is 3 to 25 and for a space is 3 to 25 with 3 to 3 defined as the transition range that contains no information A mark is a logic 1 and negative voltage A space is a logic 0 and positive voltage Term MSB Most significant bit the leading bit See Endianness p 649 Term RS 232C Refers to the standard used to define the hardware signals and voltage levels The CR6 supp...

Page 361: ...en set to nnnn where nnnn is the baud rate or 0 auto baud rate detect is enabled Autobaud is useful when using the CS I O and RS 232 ports since it allows ports to be simultaneously used for sensor and PC comms Format Determines data type and if PakBus communications can occur on the COM port If the port is expected to read sensor data and support normal PakBus telemetry operations use an auto bau...

Page 362: ...eceived SerialInRecord tends to obsolete SerialIn Buffer size margin one extra record one byte SerialInBlock 1 For binary data perhaps integers floats data with NULL characters Destination can be of any type Buffer size margin one extra record one byte SerialOutBlock 1 3 Binary Can run in pipeline mode inside the digital measurement task along with SDM instructions if the COMPort parameter is set ...

Page 363: ...urement instruction if expression evaluates to a constant 7 7 18 5 2 Serial I O Input Programming Basics Applications with the purpose of receiving data from another device usually include the following procedures Other procedures may be required depending on the application 1 Know what the sensor supports and exactly what the data are Most sensors work well with TTL voltage levels and RS 232 logi...

Page 364: ... string Example Public SerialInString As String 25 o Observe the input string in the input string variable in a numeric monitor p 592 Note SerialIn and SerialInRecord both receive data SerialInRecord is best for receiving streaming data SerialIn is best for receiving discrete blocks 4 Parse split up the serial string using SplitStr o Separates string into numeric and or string variables o Example ...

Page 365: ...a string 3 Output string via the serial port SerialOut or SerialOutBlock command o Example SerialOut Com1 SerialOutString 0 100 o Declare the output string variable large enough to hold the entire concatenation o Example Public SerialOutString As String 100 SerialOut and SerialOutBlock output the same data except that SerialOutBlock transmits null values while SerialOut strings are terminated by a...

Page 366: ...ata To remedy this problem use SerialInBlock or SerialInRecord when reading binary data The input string variable must be an array set As Long data type for example Dim SerialInString As Long 7 7 18 5 5 Serial I O Memory Considerations Several points regarding memory should be considered when receiving and processing serial data Serial buffer The serial port buffer which is declared in SerialOpen ...

Page 367: ... then increased by up to another three bytes to make the length divisible by four Declared string length not number of characters determines the memory consumed when strings are written to memory Consequently large strings not filled with characters waste significant memory 7 7 18 5 6 Serial I O Example I CRBasic example Receiving an RS 232 String p 367 is provided as an exercise in serial input o...

Page 368: ...tring 27 435 56 789 via COM2 Uses and character as filters SerialOpen ComC3 9600 0 0 10000 Open a serial port Receive serial data as a string 42 is ASCII code for 35 is code for SerialInRecord ComC3 SerialInString 42 0 35 01 Parse the serial string SplitStr InStringSplit SerialInString 2 0 NextScan EndProg 7 7 18 6 Serial I O Application Testing A common problem when developing a serial I O applic...

Page 369: ...e a HyperTerminal instance file by clicking Start All Programs Accessories Communications HyperTerminal The windows in the figures HyperTerminal Connection Description p 369 through HyperTerminal ASCII Setup p 370 are presented Enter an instance name and click OK FIGURE 77 HyperTerminal New Connection Description FIGURE 78 HyperTerminal Connect To Settings ...

Page 370: ...Section 7 Installation 370 FIGURE 79 HyperTerminal COM Port Settings Tab Click File Properties Settings ASCII Setup and set as shown FIGURE 80 HyperTerminal ASCII Setup ...

Page 371: ...rTerminal Text Capture File Example p 371 shows a HyperTerminal capture file with some data The file is empty before use commences FIGURE 82 HyperTerminal Text Capture File Example Engage text capture by clicking on Transfer Capture Text Browse select the file and then click OK 7 7 18 6 4 Serial I O Example II CRBasic example Measure Sensors Send RS 232 Data p 372 illustrates a use of CR6 serial I...

Page 372: ...er support software p 662 However two way PakBus communications will cause the CR6 to occasionally send unsolicited PakBus packets out the RS 232 port for at least 40 seconds after the last PakBus communication This will produce some noise on the intended data output signal Monitor the CR6 RS 232 port with HyperTerminal as described in the section Configure HyperTerminal p 369 Send C command file ...

Page 373: ...e Clock Set Record Data Table DataTable ClockSetRecord True 1 Sample 7 ClkSet FP2 EndTable Subroutine to convert date formats day of year to month and date Sub DOY2MODAY Store Year DOY Hour Minute and Second to Input Locations Year InStringSplit 1 DOY InStringSplit 2 Hour InStringSplit 3 Minute InStringSplit 4 Second InStringSplit 5 uSecond 0 Check if it is a leap year If Year Mod 4 0 and Year Mod...

Page 374: ... True Then Select Case DOY Case Is 32 Month 1 Date DOY Case Is 61 Month 2 Date DOY 31 Case Is 92 Month 3 Date DOY 60 Case Is 122 Month 4 Date DOY 91 Case Is 153 Month 5 Date DOY 121 Case Is 183 Month 6 Date DOY 152 Case Is 214 Month 7 Date DOY 182 Case Is 245 Month 8 Date DOY 213 Case Is 275 Month 9 Date DOY 244 Case Is 306 Month 10 Date DOY 274 Case Is 336 Month 11 Date DOY 305 Case Is 367 Month ...

Page 375: ...se Is 244 Month 8 Date DOY 212 Case Is 274 Month 9 Date DOY 243 Case Is 305 Month 10 Date DOY 273 Case Is 336 Month 11 Date DOY 304 Case Is 366 Month 12 Date DOY 334 EndSelect EndIf EndSub PROGRAM BeginProg StationID 4771 Scan 1 Sec 3 0 Measurement Section PulseCount KWH_In 1 1 2 0 1 0 Activate this line in working program KWH_In 4 5 Simulation delete this line from working program PulseCount KVar...

Page 376: ...sec msec ClockSet ClkSet CallTable ClockSetRecord EndIf Serial Output Section Construct old Campbell Scientific Printable ASCII data format and output to COM1 Read datalogger clock RealTime rTime If TimeIntoInterval 0 5 Sec Then Load OneMinData table data for processing into printable ASCII GetRecord OneMinData OneMinTable 1 Assign Sign For i 1 To 6 If OneMinData i 0 Then Note chr45 is sign OutFra...

Page 377: ... Does the SerialOpen instruction cause other power cycles A The RS 232 port is left on under the following conditions When the setting RS 232Power p 636 is set When a SerialOpen with argument COMRS232 is used in the program Both conditions power up the interface and leave it on with no timeout If SerialClose is used after SerialOpen the port is powered down and in a state waiting for characters to...

Page 378: ...ng 1 TempData LargerString If TempData S Then A single character can be retrieved from any position in a string The following example retrieves the fifth character of a string Public TempData As String 1 TempData LargerString 1 1 5 Q How can I get SerialIn SerialInBlock and SerialInRecord to read extended characters A Open the port in binary mode mode 3 instead of PakBus enabled mode mode 0 Q Test...

Page 379: ...ken to ensure that the incoming data are updated in time for subsequent processes using that data When the task of writing data is separate from the task of reading data you should control the flow of data with deliberate control features such as the use of flags or a time stamped weigh point as can be obtained from a data table There is nothing unique about SerialIn with regard to understanding h...

Page 380: ...as strings Example 1 2 3 a 5 6 7 6a567 Subtracts NULL from the end of ASCII characters for conversion to an ASCII code LONG data type Example a 97 ASCII codes of the first characters in each string are compared If the difference between the codes is zero codes for the next characters are compared When unequal codes or NULL are encountered NULL terminates all strings the difference between the last...

Page 381: ...table String Concatenation Examples p 381 lists some expressions and expected results CRBasic example Concatenation of Numbers and Strings p 381 demonstrates several concatenation examples When non string values are concatenated with strings once a string is encountered all subsequent operands will first be converted to a string before the operation is performed When working with strings exclusive...

Page 382: ...owing are examples of using and when one or more parameters are strings Parameters are processed in the standard order of operations In the order of operation once a string or an is processed all following parameters will be processed concatenated as strings I 1 Num I 1 2 3 4 1234 I 1 Num I 1 2 3 4 1234 I 1 Num I 1 2 3 4 334 I 1 Num I 1 2 3 4 64 I 1 Num I 1 2 3 4 5 6 33456 I 1 Num I 1 2 3 4 5 6 33...

Page 383: ...of just one character is that character followed by a NULL unless the character is a NULL String NULL Character Examples Expression Comments Resul t LongVar 5 Subtract NULL ASCII code results 35 LongVar 6 StrComp Also subtracts NULL 35 Example Objective Insert a NULL character into a string and then reconstitute the string Given StringVar 3 123456789 Execute StringVar 3 1 4 123 NULL 56789 Results ...

Page 384: ... multiple times in a program scan To ease integration of proven code segments into new programs To compartmentalize programs to improve organization By executing the Call instruction the main program can call a subroutine from anywhere in the program A subroutine has access to all global variables p 585 Variables local p 589 to a subroutine are declared within the subroutine instruction Local vari...

Page 385: ...h Global and Local Variables This program example demonstrates the use of global and local variables with subroutines Global variables are those declared anywhere in the program as Public or Dim Local variables are those declared in the Sub instruction Program Function Passes two variables to a subroutine The subroutine increments each variable once per second multiplies each by pi then passes res...

Page 386: ...Section 7 Installation 386 BeginProg counter 1 1 counter 2 2 Scan 1 Sec 0 0 Pass Counter array to j array pi_pruduct to OutVar Call ProcessSub counter pi_product CallTable pi_results NextScan EndProg ...

Page 387: ...nctions 8 1 1 1 Time Stamps A measurement without an accurate time reference has little meaning Data on the CR6 are stored with time stamps How closely a time stamp corresponds to the actual time a measurement is taken depends on several factors The time stamp in common CRBasic programs matches the time at the beginning of the current scan as measured by the real time clock in the CR6 If a scan st...

Page 388: ...g code Programming the CR6 such that the time stamp reflects the system time rather than the scan time When CallTable is executed from within the Scan NextScan construct as is normally done the time stamp reflects scan time By executing the CallTable instruction outside the Scan NextScan construct the time stamp will reflect system time instead of scan time CRBasic example Time Stamping with Syste...

Page 389: ... processing CRBasic instructions are governed by these same rules Consult CRBasic Editor Help for more information on specific instructions 8 1 2 Analog Measurements Details Related Topics Analog Measurements Overview p 71 Analog Measurements Details p 389 The CR6 measures the following sensor analog output types Voltage o Single ended o Differential Current using a resistive shunt Resistance Full...

Page 390: ...ion when addressing voltage measurement quality The decision requires trade offs of accuracy and precision noise cancelation measurement speed available measurement hardware and fiscal constraints In broad terms analog voltage is best measured differentially because these measurements include noise reduction features listed below that are not included in single ended measurements Passive Noise Rej...

Page 391: ...rain and lead resistance may result in a different ground potential between the two instruments So as a precaution a differential measurement should be made on the analog output from an external signal conditioner differential measurements MUST be used when the low input is known to be different from ground First Notch Frequency Take Home The smaller the fN1 the longer the signal integration time ...

Page 392: ... CRBasic measurement instruction Excitation reversal or differential input reversal doubles this measurement time Using both in the same measurement results in four measurements averaged together as the reported value All analog function measurements except vibrating wire are made at this 93750 samples per second rate fN1 determines how many of these to average together FIGURE 83 Normalized Sinc F...

Page 393: ...onal settling time is often programmed when measuring high resistance high impedance sensors or when sensors connect to the input terminals by long leads Measurement time of a given instruction increases with increasing settling time For example a 1 ms increase in settling time for a bridge instruction with input reversal and excitation reversal results in a 4 ms increase in time for the CR6 to pe...

Page 394: ... changes in measured voltage are attributable to settling time rather than changes in pressure Reviewing CRBasic Programming Details p 180 may help in understanding the CRBasic code in the example The first six measurements are shown in table First Six Values of Settling Time Data p 395 Each trace in figure Settling Time for Pressure Transducer p 395 contains all twenty PT mV V values left axis fo...

Page 395: ...900 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 10 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1000 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 11 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1100 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 12 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1200 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 13 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1300 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 14 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1400 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 15 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1500 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 16 1 mV200 U1 ...

Page 396: ...d sensor wire This prevents otherwise undetectable measurement errors Range codes appended with C enable open input detect for all input ranges See TABLE Analog Input Voltage Ranges and Options p 416 Appending the Range code with a C results in a 50 µs internal connection of the V input of the PGIA to a large over voltage The V input is connected to ground Upon disconnecting the inputs the true in...

Page 397: ...age Compensation Related Topics Auto Self Calibration Overview p 99 Auto Self Calibration Details p 412 Auto Self Calibration Errors p 565 Offset Voltage Compensation p 397 Factory Calibration p 96 Factory Calibration or Repair Procedure p 550 Summary Measurement offset voltages are unavoidable but can be minimized Offset voltages originate with Ground currents Seebeck effect Residual voltage from...

Page 398: ...ntial measurements also have the advantage of an input reversal option RevDiff When RevDiff is True two differential measurements are made the first with a positive polarity and the second reversed Subtraction of opposite polarity measurements cancels some offset voltages associated with the measurement Single ended and differential measurements without input reversal use an offset voltage measure...

Page 399: ...such as occurs when VoltSE is programmed with Reps 2 or more measurements on subsequent terminals may be affected by an offset the magnitude of which is a function of the voltage from the previous measurement While this offset is usually small and negligible when measuring large signals significant error or NAN can occur when measuring very small signals This effect is caused by dielectric absorpt...

Page 400: ... if 3 µV offset exists in the measurement circuitry a 5 mV signal is measured as 5 003 mV When the input or excitation is reversed the second sub measurement is 4 997 mV Subtracting the second sub measurement from the first and then dividing by 2 cancels the offset 5 003 mV 4 997 mV 10 000 mV 10 000 mV 2 5 000 mV When the CR6 reverses differential inputs or excitation polarity it delays the same s...

Page 401: ...om the subsequent measurement From Auto Self Calibration If RevDiff RevEx or MeasOff is disabled False offset voltage compensation is continues to be automatically performed albeit less effectively by using measurements from the auto self calibration Disabling RevDiff RevEx or MeasOff speeds up measurement time however the increase in speed comes at the cost of accuracy because of the following 1 ...

Page 402: ...sor signal Accuracy is defined as follows accuracy percent of reading offset where percents of reading are tabulated in the table Analog Voltage Measurement Accuracy p 402 and offsets are tabulated in the table Analog Voltage Measurement Offsets p 402 Note Error discussed in this section and error related specifications of the CR6 do not include error introduced by the sensor or by the transmissio...

Page 403: ... Voltage Measurement Accuracy Band Example p 404 shows changes in accuracy as input voltage changes on the 5000 input range Percent of reading is the principle component so accuracy improves as input voltage decreases Offset is very small but could be significant in applications wherein the sensor signal voltage is near 0 V Offset depends on measurement type and voltage input range Offsets are tab...

Page 404: ...e following example illustrates the effect percent of reading and offset have on measurement accuracy The effect of offset is usually negligible on large signals Example Sensor signal voltage 1050 mV CRBasic measurement instruction VoltDiff Programmed input voltage range Range mV5000 5000 mV Input measurement reversal RevDiff True CR6 circuitry temperature 10 C Accuracy of the measurement is calcu...

Page 405: ...omponent Vcm and the differential mode component Vdm of a voltage signal Vcm is the average of the voltages on the V and V inputs So Vcm V V 2 or the voltage remaining on the inputs when Vdm 0 The total voltage on the V and V inputs is given as V Vcm Vdm 2 and VL Vcm Vdm 2 respectively 8 1 2 2 Thermocouple Measurements Details Thermocouple measurements are special case voltage measurements Note Th...

Page 406: ...erminating the thermocouples on the multiplexer and getting the reference temperature at the wiring panel of the well insulated multiplexer 8 1 2 3 Resistance Measurements Details Related Topics Resistance Measurements Specifications p 106 Resistance Measurements Overview p 75 Resistance Measurements Details p 406 Measurement RTD PRT PT100 PT1000 p 326 By supplying a precise and known voltage to a...

Page 407: ...h as occur with the BrHalf3W BrHalf4W and BrFull6W instructions input and excitation reversal are applied separately to each measurement For example in the four wire half bridge BrHalf4W when excitation is reversed the differential measurement of the voltage drop across the sensor is made with excitation at both polarities and then excitation is again applied and reversed for the measurement of th...

Page 408: ...ll bridge used for one active resistor is also known as a quarter bridge These relationships apply to BrFull and BrFull6W Six Wire Full Bridge1 CRBasic Instruction BrFull6W Fundamental Relationship2 1 Key Vx excitation voltage V1 V2 sensor return voltages Rf fixed bridge or completion resistor Rs variable or sensing resistor 2 Where X result of the CRBasic bridge measurement instruction with a mul...

Page 409: ...tion terminal CRBasic instruction Resistance Fundamental relationship3 Four Wire Full Bridge Use the ground associated with the current excitation terminal CRBasic Instruction Resistance Fundamental relationship3 1 See Current Excitation Cabling p 470 for precautions to consider when measuring resistances 1000 Ω or sensors with leads 50 feet 3 Where X result of the CRBasic bridge measurement instr...

Page 410: ...lude electrolytic tilt sensors soil moisture blocks water conductivity sensors and wetness sensing grids The use of single polarity dc excitation with these sensors can result in polarization of sensor materials and the substance measured Polarization may cause erroneous measurement calibration changes or rapid sensor decay Other sensors for example LVDTs linear variable differential transformers ...

Page 411: ... variable V1 or V2 in TABLE Resistive Bridge Circuits with Voltage Excitation 2 Same offset as analog voltage measurements See TABLE Analog Voltage Measurement Offsets p 402 Assumptions that support the ratiometric accuracy specification include CR6 is within factory calibration specification Excitation voltages less than 1000 mV and excitation currents less than 1000 µA are reversed during the ex...

Page 412: ...asurement requirements A minimum three year recalibration cycle is recommended Unless a Calibrate instruction is present the CR6 auto self calibrates once each minute as a slow sequence p 216 If there is insufficient time to do the auto self calibration because of a scan consuming user program the CR6 will display the following warning at compile time Warning Background calibration is disabled 8 1...

Page 413: ...om the formula for the particular strain bridge configuration used All strain gages supported by StrainCalc use the full bridge schematic In strain gage parlance quarter bridge half bridge and full bridge refer to the number of active elements in the full bridge schematic In other words a quarter bridge strain gage has one active element a half bridge has two and a full bridge has four StrainCalc ...

Page 414: ... 1 5 Full bridge strain gage Half the bridge has two gages parallel to and and the other half to and 1 6 Full bridge strain gage Half the bridge has two gages parallel to and and the other half to and 1 1 Poisson s Ratio 0 if not applicable GF Gage Factor Vr 0 001 Source Zero if BRConfig code is positive Vr 0 001 Source Zero if BRConfig code is negative and where source the result of the full brid...

Page 415: ...d Topics Voltage Measurements Specifications p 102 Voltage Measurements Overview p 72 Voltage Measurements Details p 415 8 1 2 7 1 Voltage Measurement Limitations Caution Sustained voltages in excess of 16 V applied to terminals configured for analog input can temporarily corrupt all analog measurements Warning Sustained voltages in excess of 20 V applied to terminals configured for analog input w...

Page 416: ...measurement on a fixed range because of the two measurement sequences An auto ranged measurement will return NAN not a number if the voltage exceeds the range picked by the first measurement To avoid problems with a signal on the edge of a range AutoRange selects the next larger range when the signal exceeds 90 of a range Use auto ranging for a signal that occasionally exceeds a particular range A...

Page 417: ... on the V and V inputs is given as V Vcm Vdm 2 and V Vcm Vdm 2 respectively The PGIA ignores or rejects common mode voltages as long as voltages at V and V are within the Input Limits specification which for the CR6 is 5 Vdc relative to ground Input voltages wherein V or V or both are beyond the 5 Vdc limit may suffer from undetected measurement errors The Common Mode Range defines the range of co...

Page 418: ...ue placed in memory Notes on CR6 voltage measurement for the curious FN1 is in Hz and the measurement is integrated over a time of 1 fnotch With an fnotch of 50 the measurement is integrated over 20ms Pipeline and Sequential handle things a little bit differently then there is burst mode o Sync 6 mS for the voltage reference and everything to turn on calibrate and get ready to make the measurement...

Page 419: ...d as the number of samples to take on that terminal and the Settle Fnotch is the time between measurements on that terminal FIGURE 88 Simplified voltage measurement sequence Because the CR6 uses digital signal processing DSP to make voltage measurements integration and A to D measurement are actually combined functions Effective integration time equals 1 fN1 fN1 being the digital filter entered in...

Page 420: ...orrespond to text A voltage measurement proceeds as follows 1 Set PGIA gain for the voltage range selected with the CRBasic measurement instruction parameter Range Set the A to D converter for the first notch frequency selected with fN1 See First Notch Frequency Digital Filter p 421 2 Turn on excitation to the level selected with ExmV or ExuA 3 Multiplex selected terminals InChan to the PGIA and d...

Page 421: ...e is inversely proportional to the frequency being filtered Minimizing filtering time may be preferred at times to accomplish the following minimize time skew between successive measurements maximize throughput rate maximize life of the CR6 power supply minimize polarization of polar sensors such as those for measuring conductivity soil moisture or leaf wetness Polarization may cause measurement e...

Page 422: ...e CR6 wiring panel The single ended configuration is used with the following CRBasic instructions VoltSE BrHalf BrHalf3W TCSE Therm107 Therm108 Therm109 Thermistor Differential Measurements Details Related Topics Differential Measurements Overview p 74 Differential Measurements Details p 422 Using the figure Programmable Gain Input Amplifier PGIA p 420 for reference during a differential measureme...

Page 423: ...tion when addressing voltage measurement quality The decision requires trade offs of accuracy and precision noise cancelation measurement speed available measurement hardware and fiscal constraints In broad terms analog voltage is best measured differentially because these measurements include noise reduction features listed below that are not included in single ended measurements Passive Noise Re...

Page 424: ...rain and lead resistance may result in a different ground potential between the two instruments So as a precaution a differential measurement should be made on the analog output from an external signal conditioner differential measurements MUST be used when the low input is known to be different from ground First Notch Frequency Take Home The smaller the fN1 the longer the signal integration time ...

Page 425: ... CRBasic measurement instruction Excitation reversal or differential input reversal doubles this measurement time Using both in the same measurement results in four measurements averaged together as the reported value All analog function measurements except vibrating wire are made at this 93750 samples per second rate fN1 determines how many of these to average together FIGURE 90 Normalized Sinc F...

Page 426: ...onal settling time is often programmed when measuring high resistance high impedance sensors or when sensors connect to the input terminals by long leads Measurement time of a given instruction increases with increasing settling time For example a 1 ms increase in settling time for a bridge instruction with input reversal and excitation reversal results in a 4 ms increase in time for the CR6 to pe...

Page 427: ...me p 394 presents CRBasic code to help determine settling time for a pressure transducer using a high capacitance semiconductor The code consists of a series of full bridge measurements BrFull with increasing settling times The pressure transducer is placed in steady state conditions so changes in measured voltage are attributable to settling time rather than changes in pressure Reviewing CRBasic ...

Page 428: ... U11 2500 True True 400 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 5 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 500 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 6 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 600 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 7 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 700 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 8 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 800 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 9 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 900 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 10 1 mV200 U1 U11 2500 True True 1000 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 11 1...

Page 429: ...03531 1 3 2000 23 34 4 0 03679027 0 03921601 0 04022673 0 04063102 0 04063102 0 04083316 Open Input Detect Note The information in this section is highly technical It is not necessary for the routine operation of the CR6 Summary An option to detect an open input such as a broken sensor or loose connection is available in the CR6 The option is selected by appending a C to the Range code Using this ...

Page 430: ...to ground to a normal voltage within the settling time of the measurement This problem is worse when a long settling time is selected as more time is given for the input capacitors to discharge to a normal level If the open circuit is at the end of a very long cable the test pulse 7 6 V may not charge the cable with its high capacitance up to a voltage that generates NAN or a distinct error voltag...

Page 431: ...al ground terminal Ground currents can be caused by the excitation of resistive bridge sensors but these do not usually cause offset error These currents typically only flow when a voltage excitation is applied Return currents associated with voltage excitation cannot influence other single ended measurements because the excitation is usually turned off before the CR6 moves to the next measurement...

Page 432: ... set True This results in four measurement sequences positive excitation polarity with positive differential input polarity negative excitation polarity with positive differential input polarity positive excitation polarity with negative differential input polarity positive excitation polarity then negative excitation differential input polarity For ratiometric single ended measurements such as a ...

Page 433: ...s or reversing polarity of excitation voltage bridge measurements cancels stray voltage offsets For example if 3 µV offset exists in the measurement circuitry a 5 mV signal is measured as 5 003 mV When the input or excitation is reversed the second sub measurement is 4 997 mV Subtracting the second sub measurement from the first and then dividing by 2 cancels the offset 5 003 mV 4 997 mV 10 000 mV...

Page 434: ...Reference Offset Voltage When MeasOff is enabled True the CR6 measures the offset voltage of the ground reference prior to each VoltSe or TCSe measurement This offset voltage is subtracted from the subsequent measurement From Auto Self Calibration If RevDiff RevEx or MeasOff is disabled False offset voltage compensation is continues to be automatically performed albeit less effectively by using me...

Page 435: ...mpbellsci com app notes Accuracy describes the difference between a measurement and the true value Many factors affect accuracy This section discusses the affect percent or reading offset and resolution have on the accuracy of the measurement of an analog voltage sensor signal Accuracy is defined as follows accuracy percent of reading offset where percents of reading are tabulated in the table Ana...

Page 436: ...0 24 23 200 0 1 22 Note see Specifications p 101 for a complete tabulation of measurement resolution As an example figure Voltage Measurement Accuracy Band Example p 404 shows changes in accuracy as input voltage changes on the 5000 input range Percent of reading is the principle component so accuracy improves as input voltage decreases Offset is very small but could be significant in applications...

Page 437: ...e following example illustrates the effect percent of reading and offset have on measurement accuracy The effect of offset is usually negligible on large signals Example Sensor signal voltage 1050 mV CRBasic measurement instruction VoltDiff Programmed input voltage range Range mV5000 5000 mV Input measurement reversal RevDiff True CR6 circuitry temperature 10 C Accuracy of the measurement is calcu...

Page 438: ...ial input configuration that improves voltage measurements Figure PGIA with Input Signal Decomposition p 418 illustrates the common mode component Vcm and the differential mode component Vdm of a voltage signal Vcm is the average of the voltages on the V and V inputs So Vcm V V 2 or the voltage remaining on the inputs when Vdm 0 The total voltage on the V and V inputs is given as V Vcm Vdm 2 and V...

Page 439: ... is determined from the table CR6 Terminal Definitions p 62 For example suppose you need to measure the seven pulse inputs listed in the following table How many U and C terminals are needed and what CRBasic instructions are used Measurement requirements are listed to the right of the table solutions to the left Pulse Measurement Application Examples Measurement Requirements Solution Pulse Sensor ...

Page 440: ...Section 8 Operation 440 FIGURE 94 Pulse Sensor Output Signal Types FIGURE 95 Switch Closure Pulse Sensor FIGURE 96 Terminals Configurable for Pulse Input ...

Page 441: ...nts include the following Counts Frequency Hz Running average Rotating magnetic pickup sensors commonly generate ac voltage ranging from thousandths of volts at low rotational speeds to several volts at high rotational speeds Terminals configured for low level ac input have in line signal conditioning for measuring signals ranging from 20 mV RMS 28 mV peak to peak to 14 V RMS 20 V peak to peak U T...

Page 442: ...Input instruction U and C Terminals See Pulse Counting Function Specifications p 110 8 1 3 3 1 Frequency Resolution Resolution of a frequency measurement made with the PulseCount instruction is calculated as where FR resolution of the frequency measurement Hz S scan interval of CRBasic program Resolution of a frequency measurement made with theTimerInput instruction is where FR frequency resolutio...

Page 443: ...equency Measurement Q A Q When more than one pulse is in a scan interval what does TimerInput return when configured for a frequency measurement Does it average the measured periods and compute the frequency from that f 1 T For example Scan 50 mSec 10 0 TimerInput WindSpd 11111111 00022000 60 Sec A In the background a 32 bit timer counter is saved each time the signal transitions as programmed ris...

Page 444: ...imum input frequency 90 Hz CRBasic instruction PulseCount 8 1 3 5 Edge Timing Edge time and period can be measured on U or C terminals Applications for edge timing include Measurements for feedback control using pulse width or pulse duration modulation PWM PDM Measurements include time between edges expressed as frequency Hz or period µs U and C Terminals See Edge Timing Specifications p 113 CRBas...

Page 445: ... one count or 1 Hz Counters are read at the beginning of each scan and then cleared Counters will overflow if accumulated counts exceed 16 777 216 resulting in erroneous measurements Counts are the preferred PulseCount output option when measuring the number of tips from a tipping bucket rain gage or the number of times a door opens Many pulse output sensors such as anemometers and flow meters are...

Page 446: ...d more If a signal is attenuated enough it may not pass the detection thresholds required by the pulse count circuitry The metric for filter effectiveness is τ the filter time constant The higher the τ value the less noise that gets through the filter But the higher the τ value the lower the signal frequency must be to pass the detection thresholds Detection thresholds τ values and low level ac pu...

Page 447: ...r is put together To make a measurement plucking and pickup coils are excited with a swept frequency p 604 The ideal behavior then is that all non resonant frequencies quickly decay and the resonant frequency continues As the resonant frequency cuts the lines of flux in the pickup coil the same frequency is induced on the signal wires in the cable connecting the sensor to the CR6 or interface A re...

Page 448: ...sic code sample with a wiring diagram are provided in the CRBasic example VSPECT Vibrating Wire Measurement p 463 Dynamic VSPECT measurements require addition of a dynamic VSPECT measurement module p 653 and use of CRBasic instruction CDM VW300 Consult the analyzer user manual for system integration help 8 1 4 1 1 VSPECT Quickstart The figure VSPECT Vibrating Wire Measurement Wiring p 82 illustrat...

Page 449: ...um shows each frequency with voltage amplitude The dominant frequency with the highest amplitude is the natural resonant frequency Noise frequencies may be sourced from harmonics of the natural frequency electronic noise or harmonics of the electronic noise For example 50 Hz or 60 Hz noise from ac mains grid power p 590 and associated harmonics are common noise sources Noise frequencies may also o...

Page 450: ...al to noise ratio Low signal strength amplitude warning Invalid voltage supply warning Decay Ratio Diagnostic The time series data graphed in the figure Unconditioned Time Domain Data p 450 show the decay from the start of the sampling labeled Beginning Amplitude to the end of the sampling labeled Ending Amplitude Decay is the dampening of the wire over time The decay ratio is calculated as follow...

Page 451: ...at low signal strength amplitudes have occurred The 0 01 mV threshold can be modified in the VibratingWire instruction Invalid Voltage Supply Warning A Resonant Frequency value of 555555 is an error code indicating an invalid voltage supply in the hardware of the CR6 which is an internal problem requiring factory repair Vibrating Wire Quality The following may improve measurement quality Match fre...

Page 452: ...ent recorded the greatest sensor noise at a frequency of 935 Hz with a signal to noise ratio of 318 more signal less noise Sweeping over the wide range shows noise at 4150 Hz with a signal to noise ratio of 21 4 less signal more noise The discrepancy between the two ratios illustrates that better readings can be obtained when the sensor is swept over more narrow frequency ranges Additionally the n...

Page 453: ...ise and yields a signal to noise ratio of four times better than the wide measurement Notice that if the beginning frequency in the wide measurement is much less than 450 Hz the 60 Hz harmonic is dominate When the sensor is measured with the drill a an increased distance several centimeters 60 Hz harmonics are much less and not dominate Sensors with frequency ranges below 450 Hz should work well e...

Page 454: ...Section 8 Operation 454 FIGURE 104 Narrow Sweep High Noise ...

Page 455: ...ps take longer the resonant response decays for a longer time before the CR6 can measure it The resulting resonant amplitude is smaller The figure Wide Sweep High Noise p 453 shows this effect with the resonant frequency response decreased by about a factor of two when compared with the narrow sweep Prevent Spectral Leakage Matching the swept excitation to the expected resonant frequency range pre...

Page 456: ...ontrols p 456 lists BeginFreq and EndFreq as the parameters in the VibratingWire instruction that control swept frequency range The table VibratingWire Instruction Outputs p 457 lists outputs from the measurement Frequency data are output in hertz Hz but can be converted to units of measure such as pressure by subsequent CRBasic code Thermistor or RTD data are output in temperature when manufactur...

Page 457: ...ts are entered into parameters VW_A VW_B and VW_C Resistance is obtained for PRTs when 0 is entered into parameters VW_A VW_B and VW_C 1 Measurement diagnostic 2 Optional output not measured if ThermFnotch is set to 0 Converting Vibrating Wire Frequency to Standard Units Calibration reports provided with vibrating wire sensors contain gage factors that allow conversion of frequency output hertz to...

Page 458: ...lacement is calculated as Displacement 3 598E 9 Digits 2 1 202E 3 Digits 3 1682 Therefore Displacement 3 598E 9 5760 2 1 202E 3 5760 3 1682 Displacement 3 87 inches The CRBasic example VSPECT Vibrating Wire Measurement p 463 lists code that performs this conversion ...

Page 459: ...Section 8 Operation 459 FIGURE 106 Vibrating Wire Sensor Calibration Report ...

Page 460: ...rguments other than 0 in the A B C parameters in the VibratingWire instruction The values to input are the Steinhart Hart coefficients supplied by the sensor manufacturer A few vibrating wire sensors use a resistive element other than a thermistor to measure temperature Inputing 0 as the argument for A B and C results in the output of resistance expressed as ohms Converting Thermistor Resistance t...

Page 461: ...g wire measurement it can cause significant errors in the temperature measurement The following suggestions can minimize cable resistance Calibrate the thermistor with a single point offset Keep cable length as short as possible Put the cable in buried conduit to minimize solar heating Purchase sensors with larger wire gage Cable resistance primarily induces offset error so a single point calibrat...

Page 462: ...and length FIGURE 108 Error from thermistor wire resistance on 1000 ft 304 8 m of cable Computed for a two wire thermistor embedded in a vibrating wire sensor Thermistor lead wire resistance is 16 Ω per foot size is 22 AWG Shows error increasing with cable temperature FIGURE 109 Error from thermistor wire resistance on 3000 ft 914 4 m of cable Computed for a two wire thermistor embedded in a vibra...

Page 463: ...cable temperature FIGURE 110 Error from thermistor wire resistance on 5000 ft 1524 m of cable Computed for a two wire thermistor embedded in a vibrating wire sensor Thermistor lead wire resistance is 16 Ω per foot size is 22 AWG Shows error increasing with cable temperature ...

Page 464: ... are taken from a Geokon 4450 calibration sheet Temperature coefficients are industry standard for the thermistor type Linear gage factors A 3 598E 9 B 1 202E 3 C 3 1682 Steinhart Hart coefficients A 1 4051E 3 B 2 369E 4 C 1 019E 7 Wiring Diagram Geokon 4450 CR6 GROUND VW U1 VW U2 TEMP U3 TEMP U4 Public VWResults 6 Alias VWResults 1 Hertz Alias VWResults 2 Amplitude Alias VWResults 3 SigToNoise Al...

Page 465: ...gnals For sensor amplitudes less than 20 mV peak to peak a dc blocking capacitor is recommended to center the signal at CR6 ground threshold 0 Figure Input Conditioning Circuit for Period Averaging p 466 shows an example circuit A threshold other than zero results in offset voltage drift limited accuracy 10 mV and limited resolution 1 2 mV The minimum pulse width requirements increase maximum freq...

Page 466: ...32 data from devices such as smart sensors See the table CR6 Terminal Definitions p 62 for those terminals and serial ports configurable for either TTL or true RS 232 communications Use of the CS I O port for true RS 232 communications requires use of an interface device See Hardware Single Connection Comms Devices List p 660 If additional serial inputs are required serial input expansion modules ...

Page 467: ...s protocol This allows reliable PakBus networking of multiple devices including the MD485 and NL100 using the RS 485 interface RS 485 Half Duplex Transparent The port is configured as RS 485 half duplex two wire This setting is most commonly used when communicating with other non PakBus RS 485 devices Use this setting when communicating with devices such as Modbus RTUs or third party serial sensor...

Page 468: ...g SerialOpen instruction changes the setting if it was previously set by other means RS 485 SerialOpen Configuration Codes Code Description 0 Configure the port as RS232 5V and 5V voltage levels 1 Configure the port as TTL 5V and 0V voltage levels 2 Configure the port as LVTTL 3 3V and 0V voltage levels 3 Configures the port as RS485 half duplex PakBus communications C1 and C3 A C2 and C4 B 4 Conf...

Page 469: ...it also supplies power 12 Vdc and ground to the SDI 12 sensor SDI12Recorder instruction communicates with SDI 12 sensors on terminals configured for SDI 12 input See the table CR6 Terminal Definitions p 62 to determine those terminals configurable for SDI 12 communications 8 1 7 Field Calibration Overview Related Topics Field Calibration Overview p 84 Field Calibration Details p 280 Calibration in...

Page 470: ... interval between switch closures in tipping bucket rain gages appreciable capacitance can build up between wires in long cables A built up charge can cause arcing when the switch closes and so shorten switch life As shown in figure Current Limiting Resistor in a Rain Gage Circuit p 470 a 100 Ω resistor is connected in series at the switch to prevent arcing This resistor is installed on all rain g...

Page 471: ...e CR6 clock is changed the deviation of the new time from the old time may be sufficient to cause a skipped record in data tables Any command used to synchronize clocks should be executed after any CallTable instructions and timed so as to execute well clear of data output intervals Techniques to synchronize measurements across a network include 1 LoggerNet p 97 when reliable comms are common to a...

Page 472: ...datalogger in the network must be programmed with a PakBusClock instruction Note Use of PakBus clock functions re synchronizes the Scan instruction Use should not exceed once per minute CR6 clocks drift at a slow enough rate that a ClockReport once per minute should be sufficient to keep clocks within 30 ms of each other With any synchronization method care should be taken as to when and how thing...

Page 473: ...d to power the CR6 so be careful to match the CR6 power supply to the requirements of the sensors U terminals configured for 3 3 or 5 Vdc out are internally regulated to within 4 of the nominal value which is good regulation as a power source but typically not adequate for bridge sensor excitation Omnibus Current Source and Sink Limits Specifications p 124 lists the current limits of 12V and U ter...

Page 474: ... the CS I O port are tied closely to the voltage levels of the main power supply For example if the power received at the BAT terminals is 16 Vdc the 12V and SW12 terminals and pin 8 on the CS I O port will supply 15 7 Vdc 0 3 V less than main supply to a connected peripheral If the connected peripheral or sensor is not designed for that voltage level it may be damaged 8 2 4 Switched Unregulated V...

Page 475: ...r water quality purposes Control a gas analyzer to stop operation when temperature is too low Control irrigation scheduling Controlled devices can be physically connected to C terminals usually through an external relay driver or the SW12V p 474 terminal C terminals can be set low 0 Vdc or high 5 Vdc using PortSet or WriteIO instructions Control modules are available to expand and augment CR6 cont...

Page 476: ...will evaluate as TRUE at the top of the next hour 59 minutes later Note START is inclusive and STOP is exclusive in the range of time that will return a TRUE result For example TimeIsBetween 0 10 60 Min will return TRUE at 8 00 00 00 and FALSE at 08 10 00 00 8 3 1 Terminals Configured for Control U and C terminals can be configured as output ports to set low 0 Vdc turn off or high 3 3 or 5 Vdc tur...

Page 477: ...alog conversion to output an analog voltage or current The output level is maintained until updated by the CR6 8 4 3 PLC Control Modules Overview Related Topics PLC Control Overview p 97 PLC Control Modules Overview p 477 PLC Control Modules Lists p 655 Switched Voltage Output Specifications p 114 Switched Voltage Output Overview p 65 Switched Voltage Output Details p 473 Omnibus Current Source an...

Page 478: ...m the datalogger passes through the relay coil closing the relay which completes the power circuit and turns on the fan In other applications it may be desirable to simply switch power to a device without going through a relay Figure Power Switching without Relay illustrates this If the device to be powered draws in excess of 75 mA at room temperature limit of the 2N2907A medium power transistor t...

Page 479: ... Capturing input from intelligent serial output devices can be challenging Several Campbell Scientific serial I O modules are designed to facilitate reading and parsing serial data 8 4 6 Terminal Input Modules Read More See Passive Signal Conditioners List p 653 Terminal Input Modules TIMs are devices that provide simple measurement support circuits in a convenient package TIMs include voltage div...

Page 480: ...PC400 does not support complex communication options such as phone to RF PakBus routing or scheduled data collection LoggerNet Datalogger Support Software supports combined comms options customized data monitoring displays and scheduled data collection It includes Short Cut and CRBasic Editor for creating CR6 programs It also includes tools for configuring trouble shooting and managing datalogger ...

Page 481: ...in the file A reduction in file size means fewer bytes are transferred when sending a file to a datalogger Compression can reduce transfer times significantly over slow or high latency links and can reduce line charges when using pay by the byte data plans Compression is of particular benefit when transmitting programs or OSs over low baud rate terrestrial radio satellite or restricted cellular da...

Page 482: ...Gzip c When prompted set the archive format to Gzip d Select OK The resultant file names will be of the type myProgram CR6 gz and CR6 Std 25 obj gz Note that the file names end with gz The gz extension must be preceded with the original file extension CR6 obj as shown ...

Page 483: ...pression such as JPEG or MPEG 4 Typical Gzip File Compression Results File Original Size Bytes Compressed Size Bytes CR6 operating system 1 753 976 671 626 Small program 2 600 1 113 Large program 32 157 7 085 8 7 Security Details Related Topics Security Overview p 94 Security Details p 483 The CR6 is supplied void of active security measures By default RS 232 Telnet FTP and HTTP services all of wh...

Page 484: ... Devising measures to counter malicious attacks or innocent tinkering requires an understanding of where systems can be compromised and how to counter the potential threat Note Older CR6 operating systems are more vulnerable to attack than recent updates Updates can be obtained free of charge at www campbellsci com The following bullet points outline vulnerabilities CR1000KD Keyboard Display o Pre...

Page 485: ...e datalogger programs o Send data that have been written to a file HTTP o Send datalogger programs o View table data o Get historical records or other files present on the datalogger drive spaces o More access is given when a csipasswd is in place so ensure that users with administrative rights have strong log in credentials 8 7 2 Pass Code Lockout Pass code lockouts historically known in Campbell...

Page 486: ...am compile time It may be placed between the BeginProg and Scan instructions Note Deleting SetSecurity from a CRBasic program is not equivalent to SetSecurity 0 0 0 Settings persist when a new program is downloaded that has no SetSecurity instruction Level 1 must be set before Level 2 Level 2 must be set before Level 3 If a level is set to 0 any level greater than it will be set to 0 For example i...

Page 487: ... table with the keyboard display Keyboard display security bypass does not allow comms access without first correcting the security code Note These features are not operable in CR1000KDs with serial numbers less than 1263 Contact Campbell Scientific for information on upgrading the CR1000KD operating system 8 7 3 Passwords Passwords are used to secure IP based communications They are set in variou...

Page 488: ...n 8 7 4 File Encryption Encryption is available for CRBasic program files and provides a means of securing proprietary code or making a program tamper resistant CR X files or files specified by the Include instruction can be encrypted The CR6 decrypts program files on the fly While other file types can be encrypted no tool is provided for decryption The CRBasic Editor encryption facility Menus Fil...

Page 489: ...ified by the Include instruction can be hidden using the FileHide instruction The CR6 can locate and use hidden files on the fly but a listing of the file or the file name are not available for viewing See File Management in CR6 Memory p 503 8 7 7 Signatures Recording and monitoring system and program signatures are important components of a security scheme Read more about use of signatures in Pro...

Page 490: ...ver users should periodically review areas of memory wherein data files CRBasic program files and image files reside See section File Management in CR6 Memory p 503 for more information See Memory Specifications p 130 By default final storage memory memory for stored data is organized as ring memory When the ring is full oldest data are overwritten by newest data The DataTable instruction however ...

Page 491: ...is used USB data can be retrieved from the storage device with Windows Explorer USB drive can facilitate the use of Powerup ini p 508 External micro SD p 590 Optional CRD drive p 661 FAT32 recommended Holds program files Holds a copy of final storage table data as files when TableFile instruction with Option 64 p 269 is used replaces CardOut When data are requested by a PC data first are provided ...

Page 492: ...n is in the running program Final Storage Memory Stores data Fills memory remaining after all other demands are satisfied Configurable as ring or fill and stop memory Compile error occurs if insufficient memory is available for user allocated data tables Given lowest priority in SRAM memory allocation Communication Memory 1 Construction and temporary storage of PakBus packets Communication Memory ...

Page 493: ...d as needed The USB drive is automatically partitioned when a Campbell Scientific mass storage device p 661 is connected 8 8 1 1 1 Data Table SRAM Primary storage for measurement data are those areas in SRAM allocated to data tables as detailed in table CR6 SRAM Memory p 491 http www Measurement data can be also be stored as discrete files on USR or USB by using TableFile instruction The CR6 can b...

Page 494: ...an be stored on USR as discrete files by using the TableFile instruction Table TableFile Instruction Data File Formats p 497 describes available data file formats Note Placing an optional USR size setting in the CRBasic program over rides manual changes to USR size When USR size is changed manually the CRBasic program restarts and the programmed size for USR takes immediate effect The USR drive ho...

Page 495: ...98 Data Storage Drives Table p 492 The CRD drive uses micro SD memory cards exclusively Its primary purpose is the storage of data files in a compact binary format The CR6 is equipped with a memory card slot Purchasing industrial grade memory cards from Campbell Scientific is recommended Use of consumer grade cards substantially increases the risk of data loss Caution Use care when inserting or re...

Page 496: ...ong CR6 compile times with a freshly formatted card by first formatting the new card on a PC then copy a small file to the card from the PC and then delete the file with the PC When the small file is copied to the card the PC updates a sector on the card that which allows the CR6 program to compile faster This only needs to be done once when the card is formatted If you have the CR6 update the car...

Page 497: ...ers are usually required Fully compatible formats are indicated with an asterisk A more detailed discussion of data file formats is available in the Campbell Scientific publication LoggerNet Instruction Manual which is available at www campbellsci com TableFile Instruction Data File Formats TableFile Format Option Base File Format Elements Included Header Information Time Stamp Record Number 01 TO...

Page 498: ...ast line in the example contains cryptic text which represents binary data Example TOB1 11467 CR1000 11467 CR1000 Std 20 CPU file format CR1 61449 Test SECONDS NANOSECONDS RECORD battfivoltfiMin PTemp SECONDS NANOSECONDS RN Min Smp ULONG ULONG ULONG FP2 FP2 Ÿp E1HŒŸp E1H Ÿp E1HªŸp E1H Ÿp E1H TOA5 TOA5 files contain ASCII p 574 header and comma separated data Example TOA5 11467 CR1000 11467 CR1000 ...

Page 499: ... environment stationfiname 11467 tablefiname Test model CR1000 serialfino 11467 osfiversion CR1000 Std 21 03 progfiname CPU file format CR1 fields name battfivoltfiMin type xsd float process Min name PTemp type xsd float process Smp data time 2011 01 06T15 04 15 no 0 vals 13 28 21 29 time 2011 01 06T15 04 30 no 1 vals 13 28 21 29 time 2011 01 06T15 04 45 no 2 vals 13 28 21 29 time 2011 01 06T15 05...

Page 500: ...ty string There will be one descriptor for each field name given on Header Line 2 Record Element 1 Timestamp Data without timestamps are usually meaningless Nevertheless the TableFile instruction optionally includes timestamps in some formats Record Element 2 Record Number Record numbers are optionally provided in some formats as a means to ensure data integrity and provide an up count data field ...

Page 501: ...d but the card is not present zero bytes are reported in the Status table 6 In both the internal memory and memory card data table spaces about 2 KB of extra space is allocated about 100 extra records in the above example so that for the ring memory the possibility is minimized that new data will overwrite the oldest data when datalogger support software tries to collect the oldest data at the sam...

Page 502: ...old settings The following features are available for complete or selective reset of CR6 memory Full memory reset Program send reset Manual data table reset Formatting memory drives 8 8 4 1 Full Memory Reset Full memory reset occurs when an operating system is sent to the CR6 using DevConfig or when entering 98765 in the Status table field FullMemReset p 628 A full memory reset does the following ...

Page 503: ...are Station Status p 602 command CR1000KD Keyboard Display Data Reset Data Tables 8 8 4 4 Formatting Drives CPU USR USB and CRD drives can be formatted individually Formatting a drive erases all files on that drive If the currently running user program is found on the drive to be formatted the program will cease running and any SRAM data associated with the program are erased Drive formatting is p...

Page 504: ...ampbell Scientific mass storage device or memory card5 web API FileControl Retrieving programs from the CR6 Retrieve7 File Control2 keyboard with Campbell Scientific mass storage device or memory card4 web API NewestFile Prescribes the disposition preserve or delete of old data files on Campbell Scientific mass storage device or memory card File Control2 power up with Campbell Scientific mass stor...

Page 505: ...s all tables not already written to the card so no CardOut tables or tables that have already been written via TableFile Keep in mind toa5 can take a bit to transfer if there is a large amount of data It is important not to remove the card or the SC115 until the red LED that indicates file writing has stopped flashing Once the LED has stopped flashing you can use File Control or remove the card SC...

Page 506: ...tware program Send p 583 command See software Help 2 Support software File Control p 583 See software Help Preserving Data at Program Send p 231 3 Automatic on power up of CR6 with Campbell Scientific mass storage device or memory card and Powerup ini See Power up p 508 8 8 5 2 Files Manager FilesManager pakbus address name prefix number files pakbus address number 0 number 4095 name prefix string...

Page 507: ...on to a file The number of files parameter specifies the size of the file The file is a ring file so the newest tracing is kept The boundary between newest and oldest is found by looking at the time stamps of the tracing Logged information may be out of sequence Example 3212 USR IPTrace txt 5000 This syntax will create a file on the USR drive called IPTrace txt that will grow to approximately 5 KB...

Page 508: ...file on the external memory device along with the new OS or CRBasic program file 2 Connect the external device to the CR6 and then cycle power to the datalogger This simple process results in the file uploading to the CR6 with optional run attributes such as Run Now Run on Power Up or Run Always set for individual files Simply copying a file to a specified drive with no run attributes or to format...

Page 509: ... file attributes to control the power up process To avoid confusion either remove the external drive on which powerup ini resides or delete the file after the power up operation is complete 8 8 5 4 1 Creating and Editing Powerup ini Powerup ini is created with a text editor on a PC then saved on a memory drive of the CR6 The file is saved to the memory drive along with the operating system or user...

Page 510: ...nning program will be preserved if table structures have not changed See Preserving Data at Program Send p 231 2 Run on power up Copies a program file to a drive and sets the run attribute to Run Always unless command 6 or 14 is used to set a separate Run Now program See Preserving Data at Program Send p 231 5 Format Formats a drive 61 Run now preserve data Copies a program file to a drive and set...

Page 511: ... syntax Command numeric power up command File file associated with the action Device device to which File is copied Defaults to CPU Command File Device 13 Write2CRD_2 cr1 cpu Run Program on Power up Copy program file pwrup cr1 from the external drive to CPU File will run only when CR6 powered up later 2 pwrup cr1 cpu Format the USR drive 5 usr Send OS on Power up Load an operating system obj file ...

Page 512: ... run as a program or FTP transferred in the CR6 is 59 characters If the name is longer than 59 characters an Invalid Filename error is displayed If several files are stored each with a long filename memory allocated to the root directory can be exceeded before the actual memory of storing files is exceeded When this occurs an insufficient resources or memory full error is displayed 8 8 7 File Syst...

Page 513: ...18 Device does not support this operation 19 Bad function argument supplied 20 Seek out of file bounds 21 Trying to mkdir an existing dir 22 Bad partition sector signature 23 Unexpected system ID byte in partition entry 24 Path already open 25 Access to uninitialized ram drive 26 Attempted rename across devices 27 Subdirectory is not empty 31 Attempted write to Write Protected disk 32 No response ...

Page 514: ...and Comms Peripherals Lists p 659 Comms in the context of CR6 operation is the movement of information between the CR6 and another computing device usually a PC The information can be data program files or control commands See TABLE Omnibus List of CR6 Communication Ports p 119 8 9 1 Protocols The CR6 communicates with datalogger support software p 97 and other Campbell Scientific dataloggers p 65...

Page 515: ...ly when proper comms networks are installed Typically the PC initiates comms with the CR6 with datalogger support software p 663 However some applications require the CR6 to call back the PC initiate comms This feature is called Callback Special LoggerNet p 663 features enable the PC to receive calls from the CR6 For example if a fruit grower wants a frost alarm the CR6 can contact him by calling ...

Page 516: ...meout refreshes every time activity is detected One simple way to do this is to put an IPNetPower 4 True 300 instruction at the top of every hour This will keep the Wi Fi on for five minutes at the top of the hour The downside is that Wi Fi will stay on an additional 5 minutes after comms are stopped A more advanced way to handle this is executing an IPNetPower instruction like in the following pr...

Page 517: ... NTCIP NTP PakBus over TCP IP Ping POP3 SMTP SNMP Telnet Web API XML UDP IPv4 IPv6 UDP SPI I2C The most up to date information on implementing these protocols is contained in CRBasic Editor Help Note Specific information concerning the use of digital cellular modems for TCP IP can be found in Campbell Scientific manuals for those modems For information on available TCP IP PPP devices refer to the ...

Page 518: ...es a Domain Name Server DNS client that can query a DNS server to determine if an IP address has been mapped to a hostname If it has then the hostname can be used interchangeably with the IP address in some datalogger instructions 8 10 1 4 FTP Server The CR6 automatically runs an FTP server FTPS is also available This allows Windows Explorer to access the CR6 file system with FTP with drives on th...

Page 519: ...l display all data in that table Newest Record links refresh automatically every 10 seconds Last 24 Records link must be manually refreshed to see new data Links will also be created automatically for any HTML XML and JPEG files found on the CR6 drives To copy files to these drives choose File Control from the datalogger support software p 579 menu FIGURE 117 Preconfigured HTML Home Page 8 10 1 6 ...

Page 520: ...Basic Editor Help In this example program the default home page is replaced by using WebPageBegin to create a file called default html The new default home page created by the program appears as shown in the figure Home Page Created using WebPageBegin Instruction p 520 The Campbell Scientific logo in the web page comes from a file called SHIELDWEB2 JPG that must be transferred from the PC to the C...

Page 521: ...f some lines allows a code statement to be wrapped to the next line Dim Commands As String 200 Public Time 9 RefTemp Public Minutes As String Seconds As String Temperature As String DataTable CRTemp True 1 DataInterval 0 1 Min 10 Sample 1 RefTemp FP2 Average 1 RefTemp FP2 False EndTable Default HTML Page WebPageBegin default html Commands HTTPOut html HTTPOut style body background color oldlace st...

Page 522: ...t p a href CHR 34 command NewestRecord table Status CHR 34 _ Current Record from Status Table a p HTTPOut br p a href CHR 34 default html CHR 34 Back to the Home Page _ a p HTTPOut body HTTPOut html WebPageEnd BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 3 0 PanelTemp RefTemp 250 RealTime Time Minutes FormatFloat Time 5 02 0f Seconds FormatFloat Time 6 02 0f Temperature FormatFloat RefTemp 02 02f CallTable CRTemp NextSca...

Page 523: ...mmunication over TCP IP is possible These functions include the following Sending programs Retrieving programs Setting the CR6 clock Collecting data Displaying the current record in a data table Data callback and datalogger to datalogger communications are also possible over TCP IP For details and example programs for callback and datalogger to datalogger communications see the network link manual...

Page 524: ...ee CRBasic Editor Help for details 8 10 1 16 Web API Details The CR6 web API Application Programming Interface is a series of URL p 606 commands that manage CR6 resources The API facilitates the following functions Data Management Collect data Control CRBasic program language logic can allow remote access to many control functions by means of changing the value of a variable Set variables flags po...

Page 525: ...set in the Modbus driver of the master and or the slaves The CR6 supports RTU and ASCII communication modes on RS 232 and RS485 connections It exclusively uses the TCP mode on IP connections Field instruments can be queried by the CR6 Because Modbus has a set command structure programming the CR6 to get data from field instruments is much simpler than from serial sensors Because Modbus uses a comm...

Page 526: ...to Modbus registers 00001 to 09999 Term digital registers 10001 to 19999 Hold values resulting from a digital measurement Digital registers in the Modbus domain are read only In the Campbell Scientific domain the leading digit in Modbus registers is ignored and so are assigned together to a single Dim or Public variable array read write Term input registers 30001 to 39999 Hold values resulting fro...

Page 527: ...efault A typical CRBasic program for a Modbus application declares variables and ports or variables and flags or variables and Boolean variables Modbus Registers CRBasic Port Flag and Variable Equivalents CRBasic Port Flag or Variable Example CRBasic Declaration Equivalent Example Modbus Register U or C terminal configured for control Public Port 4 00001 to 00004 Flag Public Flag 17 00001 to 00017...

Page 528: ... variable to read only Syntax ReadOnly 8 10 3 2 3 Addressing ModbusAddr Modbus devices have a unique address in each network Addresses range from 1 to 247 Address 0 is reserved for universal broadcasts When using a network of dataloggers in a Modbus over Pakbus configuration use the same number for both the Modbus address and the PakBus address If a slave is to echo back requests to the master ent...

Page 529: ...rds CDAB vs ABCD This can be true for either floating point or integer formats Since a slave CR6 uses the ABCD format either the master has to make an adjustment which is sometimes possible or the CR6 needs to output reverse byte order words To reverse the byte order in the CR6 use the MoveBytes instruction as shown in the sample code below for i 1 to k MoveBytes InverseFloat i 2 Float i 0 2 MoveB...

Page 530: ...Open is used for the ComPort parameter In the case of ModbusSlave no TCPOpen instruction is needed Simply use 502 for the ComPort parameter 8 10 3 5 Modbus Security Q What security options does the CR6 offer for Modbus A The Modbus protocol itself does not include security features so the CR6 does not offer security on ModbusMaster or ModbusSlave Following are security issues that come up MAC and ...

Page 531: ...1 Reg Coil 2 Scan 5 Sec 0 0 var var 1 increment var MBReg MBReg 0 1 increment all the registers MBCoil NOT MBCoil toggle all the coils NextScan EndProg 8 10 3 6 Modbus Over RS 232 7 E 1 Q Can Modbus be used over an RS 232 link 7 data bits even parity one stop bit A Yes Precede ModBusMaster ModBusSlave with SerialOpen and set the numeric format of the COM port with any of the available formats incl...

Page 532: ...ent them first Combo is read as 131073 decimal Register_LSW h0001 Least significant word Register_MSW h0002 Most significant word Scan 1 Sec 0 0 In the case of the CR6 being the ModBus master then the ModbusMaster instruction would be used instead of fixing the variables as shown between the BeginProg and SCAN instructions ModbusMaster Result COMRS232 115200 5 3 Register 1 2 3 100 MoveBytes DestVa...

Page 533: ...ress Shift one to three times to select the position of the character as shown above the key then press the key For example to enter Y press Shift Shift Shift PgDn To insert a space Spc or change case Cap press Shift one to two times for the position then press BkSpc To insert a character not printed on the keyboard enter Ins scroll down to Character press Enter then press to scroll to the desired...

Page 534: ...pecial Function Del Delete When pressed during power up Del changes the PPP interface to inactive only if set as RS232 This allows you to get into RS232 for PakBus if PPP is keeping you out Ins Insert change graph configuration Graph Graph FIGURE 120 CR1000KD Navigation ...

Page 535: ...Section 8 Operation 535 8 11 2 Data Display FIGURE 121 CR1000KD Displaying Data ...

Page 536: ...hing points as 50 ms the CR6 will miss the ESC character 8 11 2 2 Real Time Custom The CR1000KD Keyboard Display can be configured with a customized real time display The CR6 will keep the setup as long as the defining program is running Read More Custom menus can also be programmed See Displaying Data Custom Menus Details p 273 ...

Page 537: ...Section 8 Operation 537 FIGURE 123 CR1000KD Real Time Custom ...

Page 538: ...Section 8 Operation 538 8 11 2 3 Final Storage Data FIGURE 124 CR1000KD Final Storage Data ...

Page 539: ...Section 8 Operation 539 8 11 3 Run Stop Program FIGURE 125 CR1000KD Run Stop Program ...

Page 540: ... editing datalogger programs When making minor changes with the CR1000KD Keyboard Display restart the program to activate the changes but be aware that unless programmed for otherwise all variables etc will be reset Remember that the only copy of changes is in the CR6 until the program is retrieved using datalogger support software or removable memory ...

Page 541: ...Section 8 Operation 541 FIGURE 127 CR1000KD File Edit ...

Page 542: ...Section 8 Operation 542 8 11 5 PCCard Memory Card Management FIGURE 128 CR1000KD PCCard Memory Card Management ...

Page 543: ...Section 8 Operation 543 8 11 6 Port Status and Status Table Read More See Info Tables and Settings p 613 FIGURE 129 CR1000KD Port Status and Status Table ...

Page 544: ...ate Move the cursor to time element and press Enter to change it Then move the cursor to Set and press Enter to apply the change 8 11 7 2 CR1000KD PakBus Settings In the Settings menu move the cursor to the PakBus element and press Enter to change it After modifying press Enter to apply the change ...

Page 545: ...d CDM Devices Overview p 70 CPI Port and CDM Devices Details p 545 See Appendix C in CDM VW300 Dynamic Vibrating Wire Analyzers instruction manual which is available at www campbellsci com manuals CPI has the following power levels Off not used High power fully active Low power standby whenever possible Low power bus sets bus and modules to low power ...

Page 546: ......

Page 547: ...ection 9 2 Internal Battery Details CAUTION Fire explosion and severe burn hazard Misuse or improper installation of the internal lithium battery can cause severe injury Do not recharge disassemble heat above 100 C 212 F solder directly to the cell incinerate or expose contents to water Dispose of spent lithium batteries properly The CR6 contains a lithium battery that operates the clock and SRAM ...

Page 548: ...n the lithium battery is removed or is allowed to become depleted below 2 7 Vdc and CR6 primary power is removed the CRBasic program and most settings are maintained but the following are lost o Run now and run on power up settings o Routing and communication logs relearned without user intervention o Time Clock will need resetting when the battery is replaced o Final memory data tables A replacem...

Page 549: ...Section 9 Maintenance Details 549 FIGURE 133 Separate Back Shell from Module FIGURE 134 Disconnect Battery Connector ...

Page 550: ...e resolved with a telephone conversation If calibration or repair is needed the following procedures should be followed when sending the product Products may not be returned without prior authorization The following contact information is for US and International customers residing in countries served by Campbell Scientific Inc directly Affiliate companies handle repairs for customers within their...

Page 551: ... campbellsci com repair A completed form must be either emailed to repair campbellsci com or faxed to 435 227 9106 Campbell Scientific is unable to process any returns until we receive this form If the form is not received within three days of product receipt or is incomplete the product will be returned to the customer at the customer s expense Campbell Scientific reserves the right to refuse ser...

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Page 553: ...re you for the field visit Product documentation in a reliable format and easily readable at the installation site Sun glare dust and moisture often make electronic media difficult to use and unreliable 10 2 Troubleshooting Basic Procedure 1 Check the voltage of the primary power source at the CHG and BAT terminals on the face of the CR6 2 Check wires and cables for the following o Loose connectio...

Page 554: ...verification which is use of outside references to verify the function of dis function of a component of the system For example a multimeter is an independent measurement device that can be used to check sensor signal sensor resistance power supplies cable continuity excitation and control outputs and so forth A very good place to start looking for trouble is in the data produced by the system At ...

Page 555: ...into many problems Info Tables and Settings p 613 documents Status table fields and provides some insights as to how to use the information in troubleshooting Review Status Table as Debug Resource p 560 Many of these errors match up with like sounding errors in the Station Status utility in datalogger support software 10 5 Troubleshooting CRBasic Programs Analyze data soon after deployment to ensu...

Page 556: ...the CR6 compiler attempt to check whether the CR6 is fast enough to do all that the program specifies in the time allocated If a program is tight on time look further at the execution times Check the measurement and processing times in the Status table MeasureTime ProcessTime MaxProcTime for all scans then try experimenting with the InstructionTimes instruction in the program Analyzing Instruction...

Page 557: ...nder the following conditions CR6 is busy with terminal commands When the command is an invalid command When the sensor aborts with CR LF and there is no data When 0 is returned for the number of values in response to the M or C command 10 5 3 2 Floating Point Math NAN and INF Related Topics Floating Point Arithmetic p 220 Floating Point Math NAN and INF p 557 TABLE Data Types in Variable Memory p...

Page 558: ...sio n Public Dim Variables FP2 IEEE4 UINT2 UNIT4 STRING BOOL BOOL8 LONG As FLOAT 1 0 INF INF1 INF1 655352 4294967295 INF TRUE TRUE 2 147 483 647 0 0 NAN NAN NAN 0 2147483648 NAN TRUE TRUE 2 147 483 648 As LONG 1 0 2 147 483 647 7999 2 147484E09 65535 2147483647 2147483647 TRUE TRUE 2 147 483 647 0 0 2 147 483 648 7999 2 147484E09 0 2147483648 2147483648 TRUE TRUE 2 147 483 648 As Boolean 1 0 TRUE ...

Page 559: ...to set DisableVar to TRUE as needed to filter NAN from output processes Note If all measurements result in NAN NAN will be stored as final storage data regardless of the use of DisableVar Using NAN to Filter Data This program example demonstrates the use of NAN to filter what data are used in output processing functions such as averages maxima and minima Declare Variables and Units Public TC_RefC ...

Page 560: ...s more easily accessed through the datalogger support software p 97 station status report The message reports the following program compiled OK warnings about possible problems run time errors variables that caused out of bounds conditions watchdog information memory errors Warning messages are posted by the CRBasic compiler to advise that some expected feature may not work Warnings are different ...

Page 561: ...reates an infinite loop within the program logic Warning Internal Data Storage Memory was re initialized Sending a new program has caused final memory to be re allocated Previous data are no longer accessible Warning Machine self calibration failed Indicates a problem with the analog measurement hardware during the auto self calibration An invalid external sensor signal applying a voltage beyond t...

Page 562: ... much higher than actual Be careful that scans that store data are not skipped If any scan skips repeatedly optimization of the datalogger program or reduction of on line processing may be necessary Skipped scans in Pipeline Mode indicate an increase in the maximum buffer depth is needed Try increasing the number of scan buffers third parameter of the Scan instruction to a value greater than that ...

Page 563: ... message in the Status table For example the CR6 may detect that ExArray is not large enough and write Warning Variable ExArray out of bounds to the CompileErrors field The CR6 does not catch all out of bounds errors so take care that all arrays are sized as needed 10 5 4 8 Watchdog Errors Watchdog errors indicate the CR6 has crashed and reset itself A few watchdogs indicate the CR6 is working as ...

Page 564: ...nfo txt File A WatchdogInfo txt file is created on the CPU drive when the CR6 experiences a software reset as opposed to a hardware reset that increment the WatchdogError field in the Status table Postings of WatchdogInfo txt files are rare Please consult with a Campbell Scientific support engineer at any occurrence Debugging beyond identifying the source of the watchdog is quite involved Please c...

Page 565: ...If a multimeter is not available disconnect sensors one at a time that require power from 9 to 16 Vdc If measurements return to normal you have found the cause 10 8 Troubleshooting Communications 10 8 1 RS 232 With newer system USB enumeration can be a big problem For example if your PC is supporting three external screens a keyboard a mouse and other USB connections such as your datalogger connec...

Page 566: ...ate with multiple PCs simultaneously For example the CR6 may be a node of an internet PakBus network communicating with a distant instance of LoggerNet An onsite technician can communicate with the CR6 using PC200W with a serial connection so long as the PakBus addresses of the host PCs are different All Campbell Scientific datalogger support software include an option to change PC PakBus addressi...

Page 567: ...ial connection used in What You Will Need p 45 Open a terminal emulator program Terminal emulator programs are available in Campbell Scientific datalogger support software p 97 Terminal Emulator p 605 window DevConfig Campbell Scientific Device Configuration Utility Software Terminal tab HyperTerminal Beginning with Windows Vista HyperTerminal or another terminal emulator utility must be acquired ...

Page 568: ... for the current program download attempt F VARS without names Campbell Scientific engineering tool G CPU serial flash dump Campbell Scientific engineering tool H Terminal emulator menu Lists main menu I Calibration data Lists gains and offsets resulting from internal calibration of analog measurement circuitry J Download file dump Sends text of current program including comments K Unused L Not av...

Page 569: ...iff Enables monitoring of CR6 communication traffic No timeout when connected via PakBus X Peripheral bus module identify Campbell Scientific engineering tool FIGURE 136 DevConfig Terminal Tab 10 10 1 Serial Talk Through and Comms Watch The options do not have a timeout when connected in terminal mode via PakBus Otherwise P Serial Talk and W Comms Watch sniff modes the timeout can be changed from ...

Page 570: ...ion Logs when enabled are available at the locations listed in the following table Log Locations Software Package Usual Location of Logs LoggerNet C Campbellsci LoggerNet Logs PC400 C Campbellsci PC400 Logs DevConfig C Campbellsci DevConfig sys cora Logs 10 12 Troubleshooting Data Recovery In rare circumstances exceptional efforts may be required to recover data that are otherwise lost to conventi...

Page 571: ...the Datalogger Data Recovery wizard before restarting the CRBasic program In any case even when the recovery runs properly the result will be that good data is recovered mixed with sections of empty or old junk With the entire data dump in one file you can sort through the good and the bad 10 13 Troubleshooting Miscellaneous Errors 10 13 1 Voltage Calibration Error An input to an analog channel ma...

Page 572: ...rt instruction Public Reboot BeginProg Scan If Reboot Then Reboot false Restart EndIf NextScan EndProg Reboot under program control with FileManage instruction Reboot under program control with FileManage instruction Public Reboot BeginProg Scan If Reboot Then Reboot false FileManage Status ProgName 6 EndIf NextScan EndProg ...

Page 573: ...s of a power consuming device Term analog Data presented as continuously variable electrical signals Term argument Parameter p 594 part of a procedure or command definition Argument p 573 part of a procedure call or command execution An argument is placed in a parameter For example in the CRBasic command Battery dest dest is a parameter that defines what argument is to be put in its place in a CRB...

Page 574: ...ignate the beginning and ending points of the information see synchronous p 604 Indicates the sending and receiving devices are not synchronized using a clock signal Term AWG AWG gauge is the accepted unit when identifying wire diameters Larger AWG values indicate smaller cross sectional diameter wires Smaller AWG values indicate large diameter wires For example a 14 AWG wire is often used for gro...

Page 575: ...ports Term burst Refers to a burst of measurements Analogous to a burst of light a burst of measurements is intense such that it features a series of measurements in rapid succession and is not continuous Term calibration wizard The calibration wizard facilitates the use of the CRBasic field calibration instructions FieldCal and FieldCalStrain It is found in LoggerNet 4 0 or higher or RTDAQ Term C...

Page 576: ...program or a portion of a program Term Collect Collect Now button Button or command in datalogger support software that facilitates collection on demand of final data memory This feature is found in PC200W PC400 LoggerNet and RTDAQ software Term COM port COM is a generic name given to physical and virtual serial communication ports Term command Usually refers to a CRBasic command Term command line...

Page 577: ...ector See terminal p 605 Term constant A packet of CR6 memory given an alpha numeric name and assigned a fixed number Term control I O C or U terminals configured for controlling or monitoring a device Term CoraScript CoraScript is a command line interpreter associated with LoggerNet datalogger support software Refer to the LoggerNet manual available at www campbellsci com for more information Ter...

Page 578: ...e equal to 2 5 times the CVI the device will send up to four Hellos If no response is received the neighbor is removed from the neighbor list See the section PakBus Overview p 87 for more information Term data cache The data cache is a set of binary files kept on the hard disk of the computer running the datalogger support software p 579 A binary file is created for each table in each datalogger T...

Page 579: ...mory Allocation p 490 The data table structure also resides in the data cache p 578 in discrete data files on the CPU USR CRD and USB memory drives and in binary or ASCII files that result from collecting final storage memory with datalogger support software p 579 Term data output interval Alias output interval The interval between each write of a record p 597 to a final storage memory data table ...

Page 580: ... port The RS 232 port on the CR6 can be configured as DCE or DTE depending on the adapter used Interfacing a DCE device to a DCE device requires a null modem cable See DTE p 581 Term desiccant A hygroscopic material that absorbs water vapor from the surrounding air When placed in a sealed enclosure such as a datalogger enclosure it prevents condensation Term DevConfig software Device Configuration...

Page 581: ...onverter and applying statistical and filtering techniques to arrive at veryhigh resolution measurements A resource for learning about DSP is the book The Scientist and Engineer s Guide to Digital Signal Processing by Steven W Smith available at dspguide com Term DTE Data Terminal Equipment While the term has much wider meaning in the limited context of practical use with the CR6 it denotes the pi...

Page 582: ...log voltage measurements Note that most objects have a an electrical potential and the potential at different places on the earth even a few meters away may be different Term engineering units Units that explicitly describe phenomena as opposed to for example the CR6 base analog measurement unit of milliVolts Term ESD Electrostatic discharge Term ESS Environmental Sensor Station Term excitation Ap...

Page 583: ...tes transfer of a file typically a CRBasic program file from PC memory to CR6 memory Retrieve facilitates collection of files viewed in File Control If collecting a data file from a memory card with Retrieve first stop the CR6 program or data corruption may result Format formats the selected CR6 memory device All files including data on the device will be erased Term File Retrieval tab A feature o...

Page 584: ...mpletely eliminated whereas frequencies near the notch are greatly attenuated but not completely filtered out A more technical term is transmission zero or zero signal transmission through the filter at the given frequency A less technical description is that the fN1 value can be thought of as the reciprocal of the integration time The smaller the fN1 the longer the integration of the signal For e...

Page 585: ...ch changes output quickly with changes in temperature is more likely to have a high frequency response Term garbage The refuse of the data communication world When data are sent or received incorrectly there are numerous reasons why this happens a string of invalid meaningless characters garbage often results Two common causes are 1 a baud rate mismatch and 2 synchronous data being sent to an asyn...

Page 586: ...ed information between two devices to assure each that it is connected to the other When not used as a clock line the CLK HS pin 7 line in the datalogger CS I O port is primarily used to detect the presence or absence of peripherals Term hello exchange The process of verifying a node as a neighbor See section PakBus Overview p 87 Term hertz Hz SI unit of frequency Cycles or pulses per second Term ...

Page 587: ...iates comms with a PC running LoggerNet Also known as Callback p 575 Term input output instructions Used to initiate measurements and store the results in input storage or to set or read control logic ports Term instruction Usually refers to a CRBasic command Term integer A number written without a fractional or decimal component 15 and 7956 are integers 1 5 and 79 56 are not Term intermediate mem...

Page 588: ...as a CR6 accessory for use on the CS I O port See the appendix Serial I O Modules List p 653 Q Is there any isolation between the power input for the BAT CHG terminals and the U terminals Is there isolation between the following communication ports and U terminals o C1 C2 o C3 C4 o Ethernet A No All these sub circuits share a common ground CHG is isolated from U terminals by virtue of the differen...

Page 589: ... another It will not maintain a list of neighbors but it still communicates with other PakBus dataloggers and wireless sensors It cannot be used as a means of reaching routing to other dataloggers Term lf Line feed Often associated with carriage return cr cr lf Term local variable A variable available for use only by the subroutine in which it is declared The term differentiates local variables wh...

Page 590: ...pulse and digital I O function See logic high p 590 for voltage levels Term mains power the national power grid Term manually initiated Initiated by the user usually with a CR1000KD Keyboard Display p 659 as opposed to occurring under program control Term mass storage device USB thumb drive See Data Storage Devices List p 661 Term MD5 digest 16 byte checksum of the TCP IP VTP configuration Term mi...

Page 591: ...comms command state o Asynchronous serial communication port that can be configured to communicate with the CR6 Term modulo divide A math operation Result equals the remainder after a division Term MSB Most significant bit the leading bit See Endianness p 649 Term multi meter An inexpensive and readily available device useful in troubleshooting data acquisition system faults Term multiplier A term...

Page 592: ...y with all nodes accessed by the same device parent node entered as child nodes A node can be both a parent and a child See PakBus Overview p 87 Term NSEC Eight byte data type divided up as four bytes of seconds since 1990 and four bytes of nanoseconds into the second See Data Type p 187 tables Term null modem A device usually a multi conductor cable which converts an RS 232 port from DCE to DTE o...

Page 593: ...of user written CRBasic programs The operating system is preloaded into the CR6 at the factory but can be re loaded or upgraded by you using Device Configuration Utility p 148 software The most recent CR6 operating system obj file is available at www campbellsci com downloads Term output A loosely applied term Denotes a the information carrier generated by an electronic sensor b the transfer of da...

Page 594: ... definition Argument p 573 part of a procedure call or command execution An argument is placed in a parameter For example in the CRBasic command Battery dest dest is a parameter that defines what argument is to be put in its place in a CRBasic program If a variable named BattV is to hold the result of the battery measurement made by Battery BattV is the argument placed in dest In the statement Bat...

Page 595: ... the resistance of a resistor changes as the temperature of the resistor changes The unit of TCR is ppm C parts per million per degree Celsius A positive TCR means that resistance increases as temperature increases For example a resistor with a specification of 10 ppm C will not increase in resistance by more than 0 000010 Ω per ohm over a 1 C increase of the resistor temperature or by more than 0...

Page 596: ... confined to one command line or to multiple command lines merged with the line continuation characters space underscore _ A command line even with line continuation cannot exceed 512 characters Term Program Send command Program Send is a feature of datalogger support software p 97 Command wording varies among software according to the following table Program Send Command Software Command Command ...

Page 597: ... fields in a record is determined by the number and configuration of output processing instructions that are included as part of the DataTable declaration Term regulator A setting a Status table element or a DataTableInformation table element Term regulator A device for conditioning an electrical power source Campbell Scientific regulators typically condition ac or dc voltages greater than 16 Vdc ...

Page 598: ...on that allows the oldest data to be overwritten with the newest data This is the default setting for final storage data tables Term ringing Oscillation of sensor output voltage or current that occurs when sensor excitation causes parasitic capacitances and inductances to resonate Term RMS Root mean square or quadratic mean A measure of the magnitude of wave or other varying quantities around zero...

Page 599: ... large gage thermocouple at 1 kHz will give a high sample rate but does not ensure the measurement has a high frequency response A fine wire thermocouple which changes output quickly with changes in temperature is more likely to have a high frequency response Term scan interval The time interval between initiating each execution of a given Scan of a CRBasic program If the Scan Interval is evenly d...

Page 600: ...Mode p 212 See pipeline mode p 595 Term semaphore measurement semaphore In sequential mode when the main scan executes it locks the resources associated with measurements In other words it acquires the measurement semaphore This is at the scan level so all subscans within the scan whether they make measurements or not will lock out measurements from slow sequences including the auto self calibrati...

Page 601: ...e sections Security Overview p 94 and Signatures p 489 Term simplex A serial communication protocol One direction data only Serial communications between a serial sensor and the CR6 may be simplex Reading list simplex p 601 duplex p 359 half duplex p 586 and full duplex p 585 Term single ended Denotes a sensor or measurement terminal wherein the analog voltage signal is carried on a single lead an...

Page 602: ...spectral leakage The side tails or spread of harmonic and sub harmonic responses Term state Whether a device is on or off Term Station Status command A command available in most datalogger support software p 97 The following figure is a sample of station status output ...

Page 603: ...Section 11 Glossary 603 Term string A datum or variable consisting of alphanumeric characters Term support software See datalogger support software p 579 ...

Page 604: ...he Scan NextScan construct the time registered by the instruction will be based on the system clock which has a 1 ms resolution See scan time p 599 Term table Final storage data tables are made up of records and fields Each row in a table represents a record and each column represents a field The number of fields in a record is determined by the number and configuration of output processing instru...

Page 605: ...ce with temperature The change is wide stable and well characterized The output of a thermistor is usually non linear so measurement requires linearization by means of a Steinhart Hart or polynomial equation CRBasic instructions Therm107 Therm108 and Therm109 use Steinhart Hart equations Term time domain Time domain describes data graphed on an X Y plot with time on the X axis Time series data are...

Page 606: ...t of a sensor or the output of a sensor before scaling factors are applied See conditioned output p 577 Term UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply A UPS can be constructed for most datalogger applications using ac line power an ac ac or ac dc wall adapter a charge controller and a rechargeable battery The CR6 has an on board charge controller Term user program The CRBasic program written by you in Shor...

Page 607: ...ot connect high level Vac directly to the CR6 o The CR6 measures varying frequencies of low level Vac in the range of 20 Vac For example some anemometers output a low level Vac signal Term Vdc Volts direct current Also VDC Two definitions o The CR6 operates with a nominal 12 Vdc The CR6 can supply nominal 12 Vdc regulated 5 Vdc regulated 3 3 Vdc and variable excitation in the 2 5 Vdc range o The C...

Page 608: ...sor neglecting standard system updates o Counters are outside the limits o Voltage surges o Voltage transients When a reset occurs a counter is incremented in the WatchdogTimer entry of the Status table p 620 A low number 1 to 10 of watchdog timer resets is of concern but normally indicates that the situation should just be monitored A large number of errors 10 accumulating over a short period ind...

Page 609: ...sion is a measure of the repeatability of a group of measurements Resolution is a measure of the fineness of a measurement Together the three define how well a data acquisition system performs To understand how the three relate to each other consider target practice as an analogy Table Accuracy Precision and Resolution p 609 shows four targets The bull s eye on each target represents the absolute ...

Page 610: ...Section 11 Glossary 610 FIGURE 137 Relationships of Accuracy Precision and Resolution ...

Page 611: ...er in the documentation and or other materials provided with the distribution 3 The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICUL...

Page 612: ......

Page 613: ...bles and Settings Directories p 615 list several groupings of keywords Each keyword listed in these groups is linked to the relevant description Some info tables and settings have multiple names depending on the interface used to access them The names are listed with the descriptions No single interface accesses all info tables and settings Interfaces used for access include the following Info Tab...

Page 614: ...tings force the CR6 program to recompile which may cause loss of data Before changing settings collect your data IP Address IP Default Gateway Subnet Mask PPP Interface PPP dial string PPP dial response Baud rate change on control ports Maximum number of TLS server connections USR drive size PakBus encryption key PakBus TCP server port HTTP service port FTP service port PakBus TCP service port Pak...

Page 615: ...s Comports p 618 Auto Self Calibration p 622 Communications CPI p 622 Communications General p 621 Communications PakBus p 621 Communications TCP IP I p 621 Communications TCP IP II p 621 Memory p 623 Miscellaneous p 623 Obsolete p 623 OS and Hardware Versioning p 623 Power Monitors p 623 Radio RF407 p 619 Settings Ethernet p 618 Settings PPP p 618 Settings CS I O p 618 Settings Network Services p...

Page 616: ... 626 CRBasic Program I p 622 Programming errors ProgErrors p 635 CRBasic Program II p 622 ProgSignature p 635 SkippedScan p 637 StartUpCode p 638 Data tables DataFillDays p 627 Data p 622 SkippedRecord p 637 Memory FullMemReset p 628 Memory p 623 MemoryFree p 632 MemorySize p 632 Datalogger auto resets WatchdogErrors p 641 Miscellaneous p 623 Operating system OSDate p 633 OS and Hardware Versionin...

Page 617: ...ardStatus p 625 CentralRouters p 625 ChargeInput p 625 ChargeState p 625 H HTTPEnabled p 629 HTTPPort p 629 HTTPSEnabled p 629 HTTPSPort p 629 N Neighbors p 633 R RevBoard p 636 RouteFilters p 636 RS232Handshaking p 636 RS232Power p 636 U UDPBroadcastFilter p 640 USBEnumerate p 640 USRDriveFree p 640 USRDriveSize p 640 UTCOffset p 640 CommActive p 626 CommConfig p 626 CommsMemAlloc p 626 CommsMemF...

Page 618: ...ponse p 635 pppInterface p 635 SkippedSystemScan p 638 SlowProcTime p 638 StartTime p 638 StartUpCode p 638 StationName p 638 SW12Volts p 638 SystemProcTime p 638 WiFiRegion p 641 WiFiSSID p 641 WiFiStatus p 642 WiFiTxPowerLevel p 642 A 1 1 3 Info Tables and Settings Accessed by Keyboard Display Info Tables and Settings KD Settings Datalogger StationName p 638 Security 1 p 637 Security 2 p 637 Sec...

Page 619: ... WiFiSSID p 641 WiFiStatus p 642 WLANDomainName p 642 WiFiSSID p 641 WiFiPassword p 641 WiFiRegion p 641 WiFiTxPowerLevel p 642 WiFiPowerMode p 641 Info Tables and Settings KD Settings Radio RF407 See RF407 Manual Info Tables and Settings KD Settings RF451 See RF451 Manual Info Tables and Settings KD Settings TCP IP on CR1000KD Keyboard Display HTTPSEnabled p 629 FTPEnabled p 628 TelnetEnabled p 6...

Page 620: ...me p 632 MaxSlowProcTime p 632 PortStatus p 634 PortConfig p 634 SW12Volts p 638 StationName p 638 ProgName p 635 StartTime p 638 RunSignature p 636 ProgSignature p 635 MemorySize p 632 MemoryFree p 632 CommsMemFree p 626 PakBusRoutes p 634 Messages p 632 CPIBusLoad p 625 CPIRxErrMax p 626 CPITxErrMax p 639 WatchdogErrors p 641 PanelTemp p 634 Battery p 624 LithiumBattery p 631 PowerSource p 634 F...

Page 621: ...tEnable p 626 CSIO2netEnable p 626 DNS p 627 EthernetEnable p 627 IPGateway p 629 IPGatewayCSIO p 630 IPGatewayWiFi p 630 IPInfo p 630 IPMaskEthWifi p 630 IPTrace p 630 IPTraceCode p 630 IPTraceComport p 630 EthernetPower p 628 IPAddressCSIO p 629 IPAddressEth p 629 IPAddressWiFi p 629 IPMaskCSIO p 630 IPMaskEth p 630 IPMaskEthWifi p 630 PingEnabled p 634 TelnetEnabled p 639 WifiEnable p 641 Info ...

Page 622: ...bles and Settings CRBasic Program I BuffDepth p 625 CompileResults p 626 IncludeFile p 629 LastSlowScan p 631 MaxBuffDepth p 631 MaxProcTime p 631 MaxSlowProcTime p 632 MeasureOps p 632 MeasureTime p 632 Messages p 632 Info Tables and Settings CRBasic Program II ProcessTime p 635 ProgErrors p 635 ProgName p 635 SkippedScan p 637 SkippedSlowScan p 638 SlowProcTime p 638 StartTime p 638 StartUpCode ...

Page 623: ...Stamp p 639 UTCOffset p 640 WatchdogErrors p 641 Info Tables and Settings Obsolete IPTrace p 630 PakBusNodes p 634 ServicesEnabled p 637 TCPClientConnections p 639 TCPPort p 639 TLSEnabled p 639 Info Tables and Settings OS and Hardware Versioning OSDate p 633 OSSignature p 633 OSVersion p 633 RevBoard p 636 SerialNumber p 637 Info Tables and Settings Power Monitors Battery p 624 ChargeInput p 625 ...

Page 624: ...nstructions In many cases the Info Tables and Settings keyword can be used to pull that field into a running CRBasic program See Info Tables and Settings Setup Tools p 152 Two data types are identified as being associated with Info Tables and Settings These are Numeric and String For most applications the CR6 operating system will handle the nuances of Numerics which can end up one of several CRBa...

Page 625: ...rting calibration gain mV for each analog input voltage range Updated by auto self calibration CalOffSet 2 Numeric Y Status table field 50 Array of three integers reporting offsets mV for analog input voltage range 5000 mV 1000 mV 200 mV Updated by auto self calibration CalVolts 2 Numeric Y Status table field 47 Array of three floating point values reporting a factory calibrated correction factor ...

Page 626: ...e field 29 Buffers used in all communications except with a keyboard dispaly including routing and neighbors each route or neighbor requires 1 buffer Updated when status is queried A CompileResults String Y Station Status field Results for Last Program Compiled Status table field 18 Contains error messages generated at compilation or during runtime Updated after compile Also appended to at run tim...

Page 627: ...itor Advanced Disable Lithium Battery Toggles power from the internal lithium battery into or out of CR6 circuitry If True when primary power is off the CR6 will lose RAM data and will not maintain the real time clock DNS String Settings Editor Ethernet CS I O IP PPP Wi Fi DNS Server 1 DNS Server 2 Keyboard Settings Network Services Specifies the addresses of two domain name servers that the CR6 c...

Page 628: ...or Network Services FTP Enabled Set to 1 if to enable FTP service Default is 0 FTPPassword String Settings Editor Network Services FTP Password Specifies the password that is used to log in to the FTP server FTPPort UINT2 Settings Editor Network Services FTP Service Port Configures the TCP port on which the FTP service is offered The default value is usually sufficient unless a different value nee...

Page 629: ... True or disables False HTTPS service HTTPSPort Numeric Settings Editor Network Services HTTPS Service Port Info Tables and Settings I Keyword Data Type Read Only Where to Find Description IncludeFile String Settings Editor Advanced Include File Name Name of a file to be included at the end of the current CRBasic program or that can be run as the default program IPAddressCSIO String Settings Edito...

Page 630: ...ueried IPMaskCSIO String Settings Editor CS I O IP Subnet Mask IPMaskEth String Settings Editor Ethernet Subnet Mask Specifies the subnet mask for the Ethernet interface This setting is made available when an Ethernet link is connected A change will cause the CRBasic program to recompile IPMaskEthWiFi String Settings Editor WiFi Subnet Mask Specifies the subnet mask for the WiFi Ethernet interface...

Page 631: ...rnal lithium battery Updated only at CR6 power up Normal range 2 7 to 3 6 Vdc Replace lithium battery if 2 7 Vdc Updates when auto self calibration executes once per minute Low12VCount Numeric Station Status field Number of times voltage has dropped below 12V Status table field 17 Counts the number of times the primary CR6 supply voltage drops below 9 8 Updates with each Status table update Range ...

Page 632: ...ll measurement instructions run each scan Updated after compile and before running MeasureTime Numeric Y Status table field 31 Reports the time μs needed to make measurements in the current scan Calculated at compile time Includes fN1 p 584 and settling time In pipeline mode processing occurs concurrent with this time so the sum of MeasureTime and ProcessTime is not equal to the required scan time...

Page 633: ... field 2 Release date of the operating system in the format yymmdd Updated at startup OSSignature Numeric Y Station Status field OS Signature Status table field 3 Signature of the operating system OSVersion String Y Station Status field OS Version Settings Editor OS Version Status table field 1 Version of the operating system in the CR6 Updated at OS startup Info Tables and Settings P Keyword Data...

Page 634: ...Bus TCP connections for the CR6 to maintain PakBusTCP Enabled Numeric Settings Editor Datalogger PakBus TCP Password Enables True default or disables False the PakBus TCP service PakBusTCP Password String Settings Editor Datalogger PakBus TCP Password When active not blank a log in process using an MD5 digest of a random number and this password must take place successfully before PakBus communica...

Page 635: ...ogram to recompile pppIPAddr String Settings Editor PPP IP Address IP address of the PPP interface A value of 0 0 0 0 or an empty string indicates that DHCP must be used to resolve this address and the subnet mask pppIPMask String pppPassword String Settings Editor PPP Password Specifies the password that is used to log in to the PPP server when the PPP interface setting is set to one of the clien...

Page 636: ...routing or processing of some PakBus message types RS232 Handshaking Numeric Settings Editor Advanced RS232 Hardware Handshaking Buffer Size If non zero hardware handshaking is active on the RS 232 port This setting specifies the maximum packet size sent between checking for CTS RS232Power Numeric Settings Editor Advanced RS232 Always On Controls whether the RS 232 port will remain active even whe...

Page 637: ...des Not shown if security is enabled 0 disables levels 2 and 3 Security 3 Numeric Settings Editor Datalogger Security Level 3 Third level in an array of three security codes Not shown if security is enabled 0 disables level 3 SerialNumber Numeric Y Settings Editor Datalogger Serial Number Status table field 4 CR6 serial number assigned by the factory Stored in flash memory Updated at startup Servi...

Page 638: ... SkippedSlowScan p 638 Default is a large number until a SlowSequence runs StartTime NSEC Y Station Status field Start Time Status table field 8 Time date and time the CRBasic program started Updates at beginning of program compile StartUpCode Numeric Y Status table field 19 Indicates how the running program was compiled True program compiled by CR6 starting from a power down condition False progr...

Page 639: ...cate setup available over USB or RS 232 only TLS Private Key String Settings Editor TLS TLS Private Key setup available over USB or RS 232 only Specifies the file name for the private key in RSA format available over USB or RS 232 only TLSConnections Numeric Settings Editor TLS Max TLS Server Connections TLSEnabled Discontinued use other TLS settings to enable TLSPassword String Settings Editor TL...

Page 640: ...GPS NetworkTimeProtocol and DaylightSavingTime Default 1 disabled Info Tables and Settings V Keyword Data Type Read Only Where to Find Description VarOutOfBound Numeric Y Station Status field Variable Out of Bounds Status table field 21 Number of attempts to write to an array outside of the declared size The write does not occur Indicates a CRBasic program error If an array is used in a loop or ex...

Page 641: ...i Configuration 0 join network 1 default create network WiFi EapMethod UINT2 Settings Editor Wi Fi EAP Method 4 default TTLS 0 PEAP WiFiEap Password String Settings Editor Wi Fi EAP Password WiFiEapUser String Settings Editor Wi Fi EAP User WiFiEnable Settings Editor WiFi Configuration Keyboard Settings Wi Fi WiFiFwdCode Numeric Settings Editor Wi Fi Forward Code Default 65535 WiFiNetworks String ...

Page 642: ...Editor WiFi Network Name SSID Default no entry WiFiStatus String Y Settings Editor WiFi Status States Scanning default Connected WiFi TxPowerLevel String Settings Editor WiFi Tx Power Level 0 low 1 medium 2 default high WLAN DomainName String Keyboard Settings Wi Fi ...

Page 643: ...n 4 5 ME O Modem enable raised when the CR6 determines that a modem raised the ring line 6 SDE O Synchronous device enable addresses synchronous devices SD used as an enable line for printers 7 CLK HS I O Clock handshake with the SDE and TXD lines addresses and transfers data to SDs When not used as a clock pin 7 can be used as a handshake line during printer output high enables low disables 8 12 ...

Page 644: ...st common use of RS 232 port is as a connection to a computer DTE device A standard DB9 to DB9 cable can connect the computer DTE device to the CR6 DCE device The following table describes RS 232 pin function with standard DCE naming notation Note Pins 1 4 6 and 9 function differently than a standard DCE device This is to accommodate a connection to a modem or other DCE device via a null modem RJ ...

Page 645: ...tandard Null Modem Cable Pin Out Female DB9 Socket Female DB9 Socket 1 6 4 2 3 3 2 4 1 6 5 5 7 8 8 7 9 most null modems have no connection1 9 1 If the null modem cable does not connect pin 9 to pin 9 configure the modem to output RING or other characters previous to the DTR being asserted on the modem TX line to wake the CR6 and activate the DTR line or enable the modem B 2 2 Power States The RS 2...

Page 646: ...e protocol that lets the CR6 know it can shut down the port When in sleep mode hardware is configured to detect activity and wake up Sleep mode has the penalty of losing the first character of the incoming data stream PakBus takes this into consideration in the ring packets that are preceded with extra sync bytes at the start of the packet SerialOpen leaves the interface powered up so no incoming ...

Page 647: ...ption A Polarity 0 1 B C Decimal locaters as defined in the table FP2 Decimal Locater Bits D P 13 bit binary value D being the MSB p 360 Largest 13 bit magnitude is 8191 but Campbell Scientific defines the largest allowable magnitude as 7999 Decimal locaters can be viewed as a negative base 10 exponent with decimal locations as shown in TABLE FP2 Decimal Locater Bits p 647 FP2 Decimal Locater Bits...

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Page 649: ... p 356 Modbus programming Modbus p 525 MoveBytes instruction see CRBasic Editor Help SDMGeneric instruction see CRBasic Editor Help Some PakBus instructions like GetDataRecord see CRBasic Editor Help For example when the CR1000 datalogger receives data from a CR9000 datalogger the byte order of a four byte IEEE4 or integer data value has to be reversed before the value shows properly in the CR1000...

Page 650: ......

Page 651: ...ng as a master peer or slave Dataloggers communicate in a network via PakBus Modbus DNP3 RS 232 SDI 12 or CANbus using the SDM CAN module Dataloggers Model Description CR200X Series Dataloggers Limited input not expandable Suited for a network of stations with a small numbers of specific inputs Some models have built in radio transceivers for spread spectrum communication and various frequency ban...

Page 652: ...ipherals expand sensor input capacity of the CR6 condition sensor signals or distribute the measurement load E 3 1 Analog Input Modules List Analog input modules increase CR6capacity Some multiplexers allow multiplexing of excitation analog output terminals Analog Input Modules Model Description AM16 32B 64 channels configurable for many sensor types Muliplex analog inputs and excitation AM25T 25 ...

Page 653: ...n module SDM SIO4 Four channel I O expansion module SDM IO16 16 channel I O expansion module E 3 4 Vibrating Wire Input Modules List Vibrating wire input modules improve the measurement of vibrating wire sensors Vibrating Wire Input Modules Model Description CDM VW300 Two channel dynamic VSPECT vibrating wire measurement device CDM VW305 Eight channel dynamic VSPECT vibrating wire measurement devi...

Page 654: ...Ω three wire half bridge TIM module 4WHB10K 10 kΩ four wire half bridge TIM module 4WPB100 100 Ω four wire PRT bridge TIM module 4WPB1K 1 kΩ four wire PRT bridge TIM module 1 Teriminal Input Module E 3 5 2 Voltage Divider Modules List Voltage Divider Modules Model Description VDIV10 1 10 1 voltage divider VDIV2 1 2 1 voltage divider CVD20 Six channel 20 1 voltage divider E 3 5 3 Current Shunt Modu...

Page 655: ...al Strip Covers List Terminal strips cover and insulate input terminals to improve thermocouple measurements Terminal Strip Covers Datalogger Terminal Strip Cover Part Number CR6 No cover available CR800 No cover available CR1000 17324 CR3000 18359 E 4 PLC Control Modules Lists Related Topics PLC Control Overview p 97 PLC Control Modules Overview p 477 PLC Control Modules Lists p 655 Switched Volt...

Page 656: ...el continuous analog voltage output SDM CVO4 Four channel continuous voltage and current analog output E 4 3 Relay Drivers List Relay drivers enable the CR6 to control large voltages Relay Drivers Products Model Description A21REL 12 Four relays driven by four control ports A6REL 12 Six relays driven by six control ports manual override LR4 Four channel latching relay SDM CD8S Eight channel dc rel...

Page 657: ...acturer will interface with the CR6 Some sensors require external signal conditioning The performance of some sensors is enhanced with specialized input modules E 5 1 Wired Sensor Types List The following wired sensor types are available from Campbell Scientific for integration into CR6 systems Wired Sensor Types Air temperature Pressure Roadbed water content Relative humidity Snow depth Barometri...

Page 658: ... wireless sensor devices are available Wireless Sensor Modules Model Description CWB100 Series Radio base module for datalogger CWS220 Series Infrared radiometer CWS655 Series Near surface volumetric soil water content sensor CWS900 Series Configurable remote sensor input module Sensors Types Available for Connection to CWS900 Air temperature Relative humidity Dissolved oxygen Soil heat flux Infra...

Page 659: ...R6 datalogger E 7 1 Keyboard Display List Related Topics Keyboard Display Overview p 90 Keyboard Display Details p 532 Keyboard Display List p 659 Custom Menus Overview p 91 Datalogger Keyboard Displays1 Datalogger Model Compatible Keyboard Displays CR6 CR1000KD2 p 577 CD100 p 576 CD295 CR800 CR1000KD2 CD100 CD295 CR850 Integrated keyboard display CR1000KD2 CD100 CD295 CR1000 CR1000KD2 CD100 CD295...

Page 660: ...l telephone modems SDM CAN Datalogger to CANbus Interface FC100 Fiber optic modem Two required in most installations E 7 3 Hardwire Networking Devices List Hardwire Networking Devices Model Description MD485 RS 485 multidrop interface E 7 4 TCP IP Links List TCP IP Links List Model Description RavenX Series Wireless cellular connects to RS 232 port PPP IP key must be enabled to use CR6 IP stack NL...

Page 661: ...read spectrum 100 mW USB connection to base PC Compatible with RF400 RF450 Spread spectrum 1 W RF300 Series VHF UHF 5 W licensed single frequency E 7 7 Satellite Transceivers List m Satellite Transceivers Model Description ST 21 Argos transmitter TX320 HDR GOES transmitter DCP200 GOES data collection platform E 8 Data Storage Devices List Related Topics Memory Overview p 99 Memory Details p 490 Da...

Page 662: ... those products designed for novice integrators Datalogger support software products table Datalogger Support Software p 662 integrate CR6 programming comms and data retrieval into a single package LoggerNet clients table LoggerNet Clients p 664 are available for extended applications of LoggerNet Software development kits table Software Development Kits p 666 are available to address applications...

Page 663: ...equired for integration programming data retrieval and comms applications Datalogger support software p 97 for iOS Android and Linux applications are also available Datalogger Support Software Software Compatibility Description PC200W Starter Software PC Windows Basic datalogger support software for direct connect PC400 PC Windows Mid level datalogger support software Supports single dataloggers o...

Page 664: ...ates a wide range of applications and enables tailoring software acquisition to specific requirements LoggerNet Suite List1 2 Software Description LoggerNetAdmin Admin datalogger support software LNLinux Linux based LoggerNet server LoggerNetRem Enables administering to LoggerNetAdmin via TCP IP from a remote PC LNDB LoggerNet database software LoggerNetData Generates displays of real time or hist...

Page 665: ... Converts RTMC and RTMC Pro displays into HTML CSIWEBSL Web server for Linux Converts RTMC and RTMC Pro displays into HTML 1 Clients require that LoggerNet purchased separately be running on the PC 2 RTMC based clients require that LoggerNet or RTDAQ purchased separately be running on the PC E 9 3 Software Tools List Software Tools Software Compatibility Description Network Planner PC Windows Avai...

Page 666: ...e through a LoggerNet server with any datalogger supported by LoggerNet Includes the complete LoggerNet Server DLL which can be distributed with the custom client applications JAVA SDK PC Windows Allows software developers to write Java applications to communicate with dataloggers TDRSDK PC Windows Software developer kit for PC and Windows for communication with the TDR100 Time Domain Reflectomete...

Page 667: ...s primary source PS84 84 Ahr rechargeable battery Sunsaver regulator and enclosure requires primary source E 10 2 Batteries List Batteries Model Description BPALK D cell 12 Vdc alkaline battery pack BP7 7 Ahr sealed rechargeable battery requires regulator primary source Includes mounting bracket for Campbell Scientific enclosures BP12 12 Ahr sealed rechargeable battery requires regulator primary s...

Page 668: ... regulator SP10R 10 watt solar panel includes regulator SP20 20 watt solar panel requires regulator SP20R 20 watt solar panel includes regulator SP50 L 50 watt solar panel requires regulator SP90 L 90 watt solar panel requires regulator DCDC18R 12 Vdc to 18 Vdc boost regulator allows automotive supply voltages to recharge sealed rechargeable batteries E 10 5 24 Vdc Power Supply Kits List 24 Vdc Po...

Page 669: ...0 24 inch x 30 inch weather tight enclosure ENC24 30S Stainless steel 24 inch x 30 inch weather tight enclosure Prewired Enclosures Model Description PWENC12 14 Pre wired 12 inch x 14 inch weather tight enclosure PWENC14 16 Pre wired 14 inch x 16 inch weather tight enclosure PWENC16 18 Pre wired 16 inch x 18 inch weather tight enclosure E 12 Tripods Towers and Mounts List Tripods Towers and Mounts...

Page 670: ...e standing tripod and guyed options CM310 1 42 meter 56 in mast stainless steel free standing tripod and guyed options E 13 Protection from Moisture List Protection from Moisture Products Model Description 6714 Desiccant 4 Unit Bag Qty 20 Usually used in ENC enclosures to protect the CR6 A150 L Single Sensor Terminal Case Vented w Desiccant 4091 Desiccant 0 75g Bag Normally used with Sentek water ...

Page 671: ...og Function Input Specifications 101 Output Specifications 108 Analog Input Expansion 477 Analog Input Modules 477 Analog Input Modules List 652 Analog Input Range 415 Analog Measurement 556 Analog Measurements Details 389 Analog Measurements Overview 71 Analog Output 66 477 Analog Output Modules 477 Analog Sensor 470 Analog Sensor Cabling 470 Analog to Digital Conversion 401 406 415 573 AND Opera...

Page 672: ...pe Only 291 Calibration Manual Field Calibration 281 Calibration One Point Field Calibration 282 Calibration Two Point Field Calibration 283 Callback 515 523 575 587 Cameras List 658 CAO 477 Capturing CRBasic Code 34 Capturing Events 232 Card Bytes Free 613 Card Status 613 Care 95 547 Character Set 91 533 Charging Batteries Overview 93 Circuit 409 Clients 664 CLK HS Pin 643 Clock Synchronization 5...

Page 673: ...ile 371 Creating and Editing Powerup ini 509 CS I O Communication Port 643 CS I O Port 67 68 578 643 Current 124 Current Excitation 77 Current Excitation Cabling 470 Current Loop Sensor 70 75 415 Current Measurements Details 415 Current Measurements Overview 75 Current Sourcing Limit 474 476 Current Excitation Modules List 657 Current Shunt Modules List 654 Custom Display 536 Custom HTTP Web Serve...

Page 674: ...utput Terminals Specifications 124 Default HTTP Web Server 519 Default CR1 154 Default CR6 File 154 Desiccant 95 147 580 DevConfig 148 149 580 DevConfig Setup Tools 148 Device Setup 148 149 DHCP 518 580 Dial Sequence 209 Dial String 613 Differential 73 580 Differential Measurements Overview 74 Digital I O 65 71 476 Digital I O Function Communications Specifications 114 Input Specifications 112 Out...

Page 675: ...onditioner 145 F Factory Calibration Overview 96 Factory Calibration or Repair Procedure 550 Factory Defaults Installation 180 False 225 FAT 493 Field 583 Field Calibration 84 280 Field Calibration Details 280 Field Calibration Overview 84 469 Field Calibration CAL Files 280 Field Calibration Examples 283 Field Calibration Numeric Monitor Procedures 281 Field Calibration Programming 281 Field Cali...

Page 676: ...nnection Comms Devices List 660 HELLO 33 Hello Exchange 586 Hertz 586 Hexadecimal 199 Hidden Files 94 Hiding Files 489 High Frequency Measurements 442 Holding Register 526 HTML 521 586 HTTP 519 586 HTTP Settings 613 HTTP Web Server 519 HTTPS 522 Humidity 95 147 I I O Port 65 I O Ports 358 I2C Overview 90 IEEE4 187 586 Include File 154 613 INF 556 586 Infinite 556 Info Tables and Settings 613 Acces...

Page 677: ...s Overview 479 Low Level Ac Measurements Details 441 LSB 359 360 649 M Maintenance 95 547 Maintenance Details 547 Maintenance Overview 95 Maintenance Specifications 134 Manage Files 613 Manual Data Table Reset 503 Manual Organization 33 Manually Initiated 590 Marks and Spaces 360 Mass Storage Device 158 495 508 590 661 Mass Storage Device 86 Math 222 557 Mathematical Operation 222 MD5 digest 590 M...

Page 678: ... Network Planner Setup Tools 149 Nine Pin Connectors 358 644 NIST 592 Node 592 613 Noise 138 390 391 Nominal Power 93 Not A Number 556 NSEC Data Type 187 259 592 NSEC Options 259 NULL Character 377 Null Modem 580 581 592 Numbers of Records 208 Numerical Format 199 Numerical Formats 199 O Ohm 593 Ohms Law 593 OID 416 Omnibus Current Source and Sink Limits Specifications 124 On Board Wi Fi 6 159 On ...

Page 679: ...zed Sensor 410 Polynomial Thermocouple 105 Port 65 543 Port Status and Status Table 543 Power 67 124 140 474 Power Budget 139 323 324 Power Consumption 139 Power In Terminals 67 Power Input Terminals Specifications 122 Power Out Terminals 67 Power Requirements Specifications 123 Power Sources 139 Power States 645 Power Supplies Details 138 Power Supplies List 666 Power Supplies Overview 93 Power S...

Page 680: ... Program Errors 561 563 613 Program Send Reset 503 Program Signature 613 Program Statements 185 Program Structure 181 Programmable Terminals Specifications 101 Programmed Settings 153 Programming 46 51 93 184 Programming Capturing Events 232 Programming Conditional Output 234 Programming Groundwater Pump Test 234 Programming Multiple Scans 242 Programming Running Average 248 Programming Scaling Ar...

Page 681: ...iming 71 Resolution Period Average 71 Retrieving Data 51 54 RevDiff 397 Reverse Polarity 45 RevEx 397 Ring Line Pin 3 598 Ring Memory 490 598 RING Pin 643 Ringing 470 598 RMS 598 Route Filter 613 Router 613 RS 232 71 84 360 565 599 613 RS 232 Overview 83 RS 232 and TTL Details 466 RS 232 Communication Port 644 RS 232 Pin Out 644 RS 232 Port 67 RS 232 Ports 69 RS 232 Power States 645 RS 232 Recordi...

Page 682: ...II 371 Serial I O Input Programming Basics 363 Serial I O Memory Considerations 366 Serial I O Modules Details 479 Serial I O Modules List 653 Serial I O Output Programming Basics 364 Serial I O Programming Basics 361 Serial I O Q A 377 Serial I O Translating Bytes 365 Serial Port Pinouts 643 Serial Talk Through and Comms Watch 569 Server 664 Set Time and Date 544 Setting 544 Setting PakBus 544 Se...

Page 683: ...651 Surge Protection 142 143 SW 12 Port 66 474 613 Switch Closure and Open Collector Measurements 443 Switched 12 Vdc SW12 Port 66 474 613 Switched Voltage Output Overview 65 Switched Current Excitation 474 Switched Unregulated Voltage SW12 Terminal 474 Switched Voltage Excitation 473 Switched Voltage Output Details 473 Synchronizing Measurement in the CR6 Details 471 Synchronizing Measurements De...

Page 684: ...999 526 Dim 581 dimension 581 DNS 581 DSP 581 DTE 581 duplex 359 581 duty cycle 582 earth ground 582 engineering units 582 ESD 582 ESS 582 excitation 582 execution interval 582 execution time 582 expression 583 FFT 583 File Control 583 File Retrieval tab 583 fill and stop memory 583 final storage data 584 final storage memory 583 Flash 584 FLOAT 584 fN1 584 FP2 584 frequency domain 585 frequency r...

Page 685: ...ing instructions 596 program control instructions 596 Program Send command 596 program statement 596 Public 596 pulse 597 ratiometric 597 record 597 regulator 597 resistance 598 resistor 598 resolution 598 ring line 598 ring memory 598 ringing 598 RMS 598 router 598 RS 232 599 RS 232C 360 RTU PLC 527 RX 360 sample rate 599 scan interval 599 scan time 599 SDI 12 599 SDM 600 Seebeck effect 600 semap...

Page 686: ...9 395 Transformer 93 Transient 70 95 560 582 608 Transient Voltage Suppressors List 655 Transparent Mode SDI 12 567 Trigger Output 253 Trigger Variable 253 Triggers 253 TrigVar 253 254 Tripods Towers and Mounts List 669 Troubleshooting 553 613 Troubleshooting Auto Self Calibration Errors 565 Troubleshooting Basic Procedure 553 Troubleshooting Communications 565 Troubleshooting CRBasic Programs 555...

Page 687: ...ltage Measurement Mechanics 418 Voltage Measurement Quality 390 423 Voltage Measurements 557 Voltage Measurements Details 415 Voltage Measurements Overview 72 Volts 608 VSPECT Connections 456 VSPECT Measurements 447 VSPECT Programming 456 VSPECT Quickstart 82 448 Vulnerabilities 484 W Warning Message 561 Warranty 3 Watchdog Errors 228 492 560 563 566 608 613 616 Watchdog Timer 608 Watchdoginfo txt...

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Page 690: ...Rua Apinagés nbr 2018 Perdizes CEP 01258 00 São Paulo SP BRASIL www campbellsci com br vendas campbellsci com br Campbell Scientific Canada Corp 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton AB T5L 4X4 CANADA www campbellsci ca dataloggers campbellsci ca Campbell Scientific Centro Caribe S A 300 N Cementerio Edificio Breller Santo Domingo Heredia 40305 COSTA RICA www campbellsci cc info campbellsci cc Campbell Sci...

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