Vaz 21213, Руководство по ремонту, Страница: 171 / 222

Bodywork - repair
Refer to Fig.8-1, Fig.8-2 and Fig.8-3 for body frame design
and relevant cross-sections.
Bodywork damages - repair
Most repair on vehicles, especially after road accidents, falls
on bodywork. In the large part repair involves geometry inspec-
tion of attachment points of diverse vehicle units and ancillaries.
The main reference sizes for inspection are shown in Fig.8-4.
The bodywork damages can vary greatly thus demanding
specific remedial actions in each particular case. Maximum use
of panel ding and dent is recommended. Where applicable, avoid
heat treatment of metal to preserve the factory welding and body-
work rustproof protection. The exposed body panel should be lift-
ed off only when it is absolutely necessary in order to locate the
damaged area, to straighten or align the bodywork.
In the event of major body damage it is advisable to remove
all interior trim to facilitate measurement, examination or fitting of
hydraulic and screw jacks to rectify any crosslays or damages.
All projections of exposed panels or detachable parts against
the adjoining panels must be properly realigned and readjusted.
Deformed surfaces - repair
The repair of any damaged body parts is carried out by
means of stretching, ding and dent, straightening, cutting out of
irreparable areas, making of maintenance patches from the body
rejects or metal sheets by shaping them into a suitable part.
Deformed panels are restored, as a rule, manually with the
help of specialized tools (metal hammers, plastic or wooden mal-
lets, various mandrels) and accessories.
Heating up is recommended to contract (settle down) heavily
stretched panel surfaces. Heat up to 600-650 ° ë (cherry-red colour)
to prevent a sharp belling-out of the panel or degrading of physical
properties. The heated area should not exceed 20 to 30 mm.
Contracting of surfaces is carried out as described below:
- using a carbon electrode of a semi-automatic welder or a
gas burner, heat up the metal sheet starting from outside to cen-
tre of the damaged area and restore the original shape by ham-
mering out the heated sections with a wooden mallet or a ham-
mer and facilitating the job with a flat block and anvil;
- proceed with alternative heating and settling until you
achieve the desired quality of the panel surface.
Panel irregularities can be rectified by means of polyester
fillers, thermosetting plastics, cold set epoxy resins or soldering.
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Fig.8-1. Bodywork:
1 - front bonnet reinforcement; 2 - bonnet panel; 3 - diagonal bonnet reinforcements; 4 - rear bonnet reinforcement; 5 - roof panel; 6 - rear end cross-member; 7 - outer
tailgate panel; 8 - inner tailgate panel; 9 - side panel; 10 - outer front door panel; 11 - inner door panel; 12 - door bar; 13 - front door extension; 14 - front wing; 15 - front
panel