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115

Bibliography

[1] IEEE Std 802.1Q, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area net-

works — Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks.

[2] RFC 791, Postel, J.,

Internet Protocol

, DARPA, September 1981.

[3] RFC 826, Plummer, D.,

Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol or convert-

ing network protocol addresses to 48.bit Ethernet address for transmission
on Ethernet hardware

, November 1982.

[4] RFC 1349, Almquist, P.,

Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite

July 1992.

[5] RFC 2544,

Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices

S. Bradner and J. McQuaid, March 1999.

[6] RFC 4689,

Terminology for Benchmarking Network-layer Traffic Control

Mechanisms

, S. Poretsky, October 2006.

[7] ITU-T O.150 (05/96),

General requirements for instrumentation for per-

formance measurements on digital transmission equipment

[8] IEEE 802.3ah,

Ethernet in the First Mile Task Force

Bercut-ET. Operations manual

Содержание Bercut-ET

Страница 1: ...Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Tester Analyzer Bercut ET Operations manual Version 1 1 0 2009 Metrotek ...

Страница 2: ...s document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the express written permission of Metrotek Metrotek retains the right to make changes to the hardware software of Bercut ET and to this document at any time without notice ...

Страница 3: ... 23 5 4 1 Setting up header 23 5 4 2 Setting up header advanced 24 5 4 3 RFC 2544 MPLS settings 26 5 4 4 Test topology 27 5 4 5 Selecting frame size 27 5 5 RFC 2544 Test parameters setup 28 5 5 1 Throughput test settings 28 5 5 2 Latency test settings 28 5 5 3 Frame loss test settings 29 5 5 4 Back to back test settings 30 5 5 5 Advanced 30 5 6 RFC 2544 Performing analysis 32 5 6 1 Throughput Test...

Страница 4: ... 1 BERT MPLS settings 72 5 15 2 Connection schemes 73 5 16 Packet jitter 75 5 17 Test traffic 78 5 17 1 Test traffic MPLS settings 79 5 18 Statistics 81 5 18 1 Aggregated statistics for two ports 81 5 18 2 Stats by frame types 82 5 18 3 Stats by frame size 82 5 18 4 Stats by layer 83 5 18 5 Stats by frame errors 83 5 19 Saving test results 84 5 20 Network setup 86 5 21 Interface setup 87 5 22 Devi...

Страница 5: ... 95 6 1 2 Updating analyzer software 96 6 2 Remote control via TELNET 98 6 3 Remote control via WWW interface 98 6 4 Screen shot 99 A Ethernet frame structure 101 B Remote control commands 103 C Specifications and Technical characteristics 109 D Troubleshooting 111 Bibliography 113 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 6: ...6 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 7: ...T analyzer provides the following options 1 Traffic generating and analyzing at the data link MAC and net work IP layers 2 Getting and displaying statistics about traffic received and transmitted at the physical data link and network layer 3 RFC 2544 measurements Throughput Latency Frame Loss Back to Back 4 Copper cable faults diagnostics 5 Ethernet loopback for physical data link network and tran...

Страница 8: ...8 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 9: ...ty Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet tester analyzer Bercut ET de vice 1 Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet tester analyzer Bercut ET Op erational manual 1 Power supply unit 12 V 1 5 A 1 Cable 220 V 3 polar 1 USB cable 1 Ethernet cable 1 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 10: ...10 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 11: ...ster in normal environmental conditions for at least 2 hours if the tester has been previously kept in conditions distinct from nor mal 3 Plug in the power supply unit to the electric network if you use mains voltage 110 240 V with the 50 60 Hz frequency 4 Switch on the tester Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 12: ...12 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 13: ...t panel Front panel of Bercut ET analyzer is shown on the figure 4 1 1 2 3 4 Figure 4 1 Front panel 1 LEDs Three color LEDs at the top of the front panel provide information about interface state Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 14: ...ved at the moment off no data is received at the moment LEDs which are marked as Test on the fig 4 1 show the test state green test is running at the moment green blinking Loopback mode is on at the moment LEDs in the bottom part of the front panel light up when the power supply unit is plugged in green the battery is charged green blinking the battery is charging green twinkling updating analyzer...

Страница 15: ...revious menu press the button Cancel Escape in menu mode press the button to return one level up to the previous menu in data setup mode press the button to cancel set values Infobar When the button is pressed the LEDs captions are displayed back ground color corresponds to the LED s color Functional buttons Cursor moving buttons Digits letters and symbols input buttons Table 4 1 Digits letters an...

Страница 16: ...nnectors description Designation Description Connected equipment A B RJ 45 connectors to connect to the tested network or equipment supported rates 10 100 1000 Mbps Ethernet cable SFP module connectors SFP module LAN1 Remote control connector supported rates 10 100 Mbps Ethernet cable USB Connect to PC via USB interface USB cable 12 V External power unit connector Power supply unit 1Connector avai...

Страница 17: ...yellow test that is running now via port B current time Type of test running via port A B is marked in the status bar with the following abbreviations THR throughput analysis LAT latency analysis BTB back to back test FRL frameloss test LB1 loopback at the Physical layer layer 1 LB2 loopback at the Data Link layer layer 2 LB3 loopback at the Network layer layer 3 LB4 loopback at the Transport laye...

Страница 18: ...18 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 19: ... defines a specific set of tests to measure and report the performance characteristics of network devices According to the RFC 2544 for Ethernet network test the following frame sizes are recommended to be used 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 and 1518 bytes Taking into consideration the tests defined by the methodology throughput latency frame loss rate and back to back this methodology is the de facto s...

Страница 20: ...es at a par ticular frame size is sent through the DUT at the determined through put rate to a specific destination The minimum duration of the stream transmission is set as 120 seconds user can specify alternative value in the range of 1 2886 seconds In a specific time an identifying tag is included into one frame with the type of tag being implementation dependent The time at which this frame is...

Страница 21: ...number of frames input count is sent at a specific rate through the DUT to be tested and then the analyzer counts the frames that are transmitted by the DUT output count The frame loss rate at each point is calculated using the follow ing equation 100 input count output count input count The first trial should be run for the frame rate that corresponds to 100 of the maximum rate for the frame size...

Страница 22: ...and then counts the number of frames forwarded by the DUT If the count of transmitted frames is equal to the number of frames forwarded the time of transmission is being increased and the test is being rerun until there are two trials succeeded with no frame lost If the number of forwarded frames is less than the number of transmitted ones the time of transmission is being reduced and the test is ...

Страница 23: ...nd starting to operate 23 5 3 Connecting device and starting to operate 5 3 1 Device connection schemes Figure 5 5 Connection scheme 1 Figure 5 6 Connection scheme 2 Figure 5 7 Connection scheme 3 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 24: ...wing notation MAC s source MAC address MAC d destination MAC address MAC R gateway MAC address IP s source IP address IP d destination IP address The figure 5 6 shows analyzer connection to a network with equipment operating on both the Data Link and Network layers for example switches and routers Unlike the first case with this connection scheme both source and destination MAC and IP addresses ar...

Страница 25: ...r Src IP source IP address Dst IP destination IP address Bercut ET can set up MAC and IP addresses automatically To substitute the current MAC address value with the A B port MAC address specified in the Information menu press To substitute the current IP address value with the A B port IP ad dress specified in the Network setup menu press If you press button with Dst MAC selected the ARP request ...

Страница 26: ...s the traffic priority Eight values of priority 1 are supported correspondence between priority and traffic type is shown in the table 5 1 Table 5 1 Priorities and types of traffic Value Description 1 Background 0 Default Best Effort 2 Excellent Effort 3 Critical Applications 4 Video 5 Voice 6 Internetwork Control 7 Network Control Network Control and Internetwork Control traffic types are intende...

Страница 27: ...e of Service the field determines type of service for datagram The source can set any value from the table 5 3 in accordance with RFC 1349 4 methodology Table 5 3 ToS field values Value Description Notes 1000 Minimize delay Use the value if a period of packet delivery from the source to destination latency period is the main priority and must be minimum 0100 Maximize throughput Use the value to sp...

Страница 28: ...r of source UDP port UDP dst specify number of destination UDP port 5 4 3 RFC 2544 MPLS settings Label stack for networks testing can be specified in the Label stack menu Tests RFC 2544 Setup Header Advanced MPLS Figure 5 11 Label stack menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label label value MPLS COS class of service for datagram TTL time to live for datagram Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 29: ...back feature If you use asymmetric test function you must select Remote as receiving transmitting port see section 5 7 5 4 5 Selecting frame size Figure 5 13 Frames menu To perform tests user can do either of the followings select standard sizes of transmitted frames according to the RFC 2544 methodology by pressing Defaults 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 bytes define any frame size within 64 9600 ...

Страница 30: ...cal rate value in percent in kbps or in Mbps Trial s time of the trial performing for each of the specified frame sizes Resolution throughput analysis resolution value Possible val ues 10 1 0 1 0 01 Lesser resolution value is the bigger throughput analysis accuracy is 5 5 2 Latency test settings Figure 5 15 Configuring test settings Enabled enable disable latency analysis Bercut ET Operations manu...

Страница 31: ...s L1 menu Figure 5 16 Rates menu Rate source if you press button Throughput Latency test will be performed with rates values that are a result of Throughput test If you press button Manually Latency test will be performed with physical L1 rates value defined by user in percent in kbps or in Mbps 5 5 3 Frame loss test settings Figure 5 17 Configuring test settings Enabled enable disable frameloss a...

Страница 32: ...cal L1 rates value specified in percent in kbps or in Mbps 5 5 4 Back to back test settings Figure 5 18 Configuring test settings Enabled enable disable back to back analysis Trial qty number of test trials performed for each specified frame size Trial s time of the trial performing within 2 2886 s range for each of the specified frame sizes Rates L1 switched to Rates L1 menu see fig 5 16 5 5 5 Ad...

Страница 33: ... trial Learn time ms period between learning frame sending and trial start In accordance with RFC 2544 methodology the wait time is 7000 ms and learn time is 2000 ms User can specify arbitrary values of wait time within 100 7000 ms range Learn time must be within 100 2000 ms range Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 34: ...ytes throughput value percents measured value for the throughput select unit measure by pressing Mb s or Frm s Graph Figure 5 21 Test results The diagram shows throughput values for each specified frame size The measured throughput value in Frm s and in percentage relatively to the specified rate is displayed on the diagram vertical bars The results may be displayed in two ways press button Bercut...

Страница 35: ...the Y axis is the maximum measured rate value The X axis shows frame size value 5 6 2 Latency Test results Table Figure 5 22 Test results The table shows mean value for the latency ms for each of the specified frame sizes and the corresponding value of the throughput percent measured as a result of the Throughput test Graph Figure 5 23 Test results On the diagram for each of the frame sizes a vert...

Страница 36: ... The table shows the frame loss value percent for each of the specified frame sizes in bytes and the rate value percent Graph Figure 5 25 Test results On the diagram for each of the specified frame sizes the relation between frame loss percent and the rate percent is shown Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 37: ...re shown in the test stage column and dashes appear in the Time s column If you press button Frames the Count column will be shown instead Time s column Graph Figure 5 27 Test results graph On the diagram for each of the specified frame sizes a vertical bar shows measured value of the time during which the tested equipment was coping with peak load The count of frames that are transmitted during t...

Страница 38: ...remote In this case the port A B is set as a source port Port Remote is selected as a destination one 2 From remote device to local In this case the port Remote is set as a source port Port A B is selected as a destination one Connection scheme is shown on the fig 5 28 Figure 5 28 Connection scheme Tests for which the function is available are listed below 1 RFC 2544 throughput frame loss back to ...

Страница 39: ... traffic menu Tests switch to the Complex traffic summary menu test starting results displaying Figure 5 30 Complex traffic summary menu To start testing press button Start Test settings should be set up preliminarily in Setup menu After the end of testing the following parameters will be displayed specified frame size specified rate frame loss bandwidth 5The option is not included into the basic ...

Страница 40: ...s value To switch to the Results menu press button Results see sec tion 5 19 To switch to the screen Complex traffic latency press button Figure 5 32 Complex traffic latency screen Cur current value of latency Min minimal value of latency Avg average value of latency Max maximal value of latency To switch to the screen that contains information about number of trans mitted and received frames pres...

Страница 41: ...ormation about number of transmitted Tx and received Rx frames is displayed on the screen Setup switch to the Setup menu Figure 5 34 Setup menu Streams number of data streams 1 10 Duration time of data streams generation 1 2886 s Topology switch to the Topology menu Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 42: ...nd receiving for example with the Loopback feature If you use asymmetric test function you must select Remote as receiving transmitting port see section 5 7 Header switch to the Header menu Figure 5 36 Header menu To select stream number press or buttons Settings cor respond to one described in the subsection 5 4 1 and 5 4 2 Frames switch to the Frames menu Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 43: ...5 8 Complex traffic 43 Figure 5 37 Frames menu Frame size for every stream defines within 64 9600 bytes range Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 44: ...kbps or in Mbps 5 8 1 Complex traffic MPLS settings Label stack for networks testing can be specified in the Label stack menu Tests Complex traffic Setup Header Advanced MPLS Figure 5 39 Label stack menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label label value MPLS COS class of service for datagram TTL time to live for datagram Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 45: ...utgoing traffic statistics are gathered Note for the loopback at the L2 or L3 layers packets with identical destination and source MAC addresses as well as OAM protocol data units OAMPDU and ARP requests are not being retransmitted At the Network layer L3 all incoming packets are being retrans mitted backward with source and destination IP addresses swapping Bercut ET supports substitution of dest...

Страница 46: ...ata Link Layer MAC 3 Network Layer IP 4 Transport TCP UDP OAM switch to OAM menu 5 9 1 Configuring L2 Loopback Figure 5 41 Layer 2 parameters Swap MAC enable disable swapping of destination and source MAC addresses in incoming packets Replace MAC select MAC address substitution mode Off MAC address substitution is disabled Source substitute Source MAC Address value see fig 5 43 Bercut ET Operation...

Страница 47: ... that will substitute Destination MAC Address of an Ethernet frame Replace VLAN select VLAN tags swapping mode Off VLAN tags swapping is disabled ID swap VLAN ID values Priority swap VLAN priority values ID Pr swap both VLAN ID and VLAN priority values ID specify the value that will substitute VLAN ID of an Ethernet frame Priority specify the value that will substitute VLAN priority of an Ethernet...

Страница 48: ...nation IP address see fig 5 47 Src Dst swap both Source IP address and Destination IP address see fig 5 48 Source specify IP address that will substitute Source IP Address of an Ethernet frame Destination specify IP address that will substitute Destination IP Address of an Ethernet frame Replace select the mode of ToS swapping Off swapping of Type of Service and Precedence values is dis abled ToS ...

Страница 49: ...specify the value that will substitute Type of Service of an Ethernet frame Precedence specify the value that will substitute Precedence of an Ethernet frame Figure 5 46 Src swapping mode Figure 5 47 Dst swapping mode Figure 5 48 Src Dst swapping mode Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 50: ... devices should support the IEEE 802 3ah standard To establish connection between Bercut ET and remote device via OAM protocol and to switch on Loopback mode it is necessary to execute the fol lowing actions Connect Bercut ET and remote device directly in accordance with fig 5 49 given below physical connection remote device loopback Figure 5 49 OAM testing scheme On the remote device Enable OAM p...

Страница 51: ...nse to the Ethernet OAM commands from the remote device but cannot initiate the Loopback mode Off OAM disabled Discovery state of locating the remote device Available states Fault initial state connection with remote device is not estab lished Send local transmission of OAMPDU with information about supported operating modes Passive wait waiting for OAMPDU with information about sup ported operati...

Страница 52: ...identifier that is used to generate the MAC address Mode OAM state of the remote device Unidirectional unidirectional connection support Rem loopback support of the Loopback mode for the remote device Link events connection errors notification support Var retrieval support of reading variables that are used for esti mation of data link quality LB status Loopback mode state at the remote device 6Su...

Страница 53: ... accordance with connection diagram it is possible to switch loopback mode on for several devices Bercut ET and or Bercut ETL in series The devices may be in the same or in the different subnets Figure 5 53 ET discovery menu To receive data about remote device and to switch loopback on connect the device to a network in IP field enter IP address of remote device press Discovery button Bercut ET Op...

Страница 54: ...ecome accessible for editing Buttons for loopback level selection are described below switch off loopback mode switch on loopback at the data link layer switch on loopback at the network layer switch on loopback at the transport layer Note To transmit data UDP protocol is used Number of server UDP port is 0 8018 Number of client UDP port is 0 8019 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 55: ...gisters incoming responses This procedure is based on the IP and ICMP protocols of datagram transmission and allows to check operability and measure load level of data links and intermediate devices To perform the test it is necessary to execute the following actions 1 Connect Bercut ET to network using one port in accordance with con nection diagram given below Figure 5 54 Connection diagram 1 No...

Страница 56: ... Switch to the Ping menu see fig 5 56 Press button Setup Figure 5 56 Ping menu Functional buttons Start test start Statistics switch to the Ping statistic screen Setup switch to the Ping settings menu 3 Set test parameters in the Ping settings menu Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 57: ...om port that is located in the same network as gateway 8 IP address IP address of a network host to be tested for avail ability Packet size size of payload in transmitted frame in bytes Count number of packets to be send 0 9999 If the null value is selected the ping test will be performed until button Stop is pressed Timeout period of time to wait for response to a ping request ms Pause pause betw...

Страница 58: ...iving number of packets sent received lost and repeated with the same sequential number number of packets a waiting time for which has been exceeded timeout Figure 5 59 Ping test statistics 5 12 2 Traceroute Traceroute utility9 is used to determine data transmission routes in TCP IP networks The utility sends sequence of datagrams to a specified 9The option is not included in the basic configurati...

Страница 59: ...o network using one port in accordance with con nection diagram see fig 5 54 2 Switch to the Traceroute menu see fig 5 60 Press button Setup Figure 5 60 Traceroute menu Functional buttons Start test start Setup switch to the Ping settings menu 3 Set test parameters in the Traceroute settings menu Figure 5 61 Traceroute settings Port allows to select a port to send requests from A B Automatic If th...

Страница 60: ...size size of payload in transmitted frame in bytes Timeout period of time between two successive requests if there was no response for the first request 4 Press button Start to start the test The following information will be displayed on the screen hop number IP address of the transitional host response waiting time If response waiting time is more than timeout will be displayed in the test resul...

Страница 61: ... to null Test result example is shown on the fig 5 63 Figure 5 63 DNS menu Host name of host IP address of which should be determined IP IP address of the host named above determined during the test 5 12 4 ARP monitor ARP monitor utility allows to observe ARP replies that are transmitted in the network and to get the IP and MAC addresses they contain This data form the table see fig 5 65 To perfor...

Страница 62: ...will be displayed on the screen see fig 5 65 Figure 5 65 ARP monitor screen If any of entries presented in the table is not updated within one minute it will be deleted from the table 5 Press Stop button to stop the test 5 12 5 TCP client TCP client is a utility to establish connection with remote network node to receive data from it and to transmit data to it TCP client option12 allows 12The opti...

Страница 63: ...File name of a file with content that will be displayed in the results window if the request is successful 3 Open TCP connection press Open If TCP connection is successfully established you can enter remote control commands and request web pages from server If there are problems with TCP connection establishing the error message will be displayed Some possible messages protocol not supported can t...

Страница 64: ...P client option also allows to check whether tested server responds to HTTP requests 13 Content of the specified resource can be retrieved using HTTPGET method To retrieve this information you need 1 Enter the file name in File field see fig 5 66 2 Establish connection between Bercut ET and host 3 Press button HTTPGET Test result example is shown on the fig 5 68 13The option is not included in the...

Страница 65: ...5 12 Testing TCP IP 65 Figure 5 68 Response example Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 66: ...connection During traffic retransmission from one port to another the tester gathers statistics on transmitted traffic Statistics results are shown in the Statistics menu When counting statistics data error packets are not taken into consider ation If transmission rates for port A and port B are different data loss is possible Data loss occurs if transmission is carried out from port with greater ...

Страница 67: ... following actions 1 Switch to the Cable test screen 2 One end of the cable connect to the port A B of Bercut ET another one to the port B A 3 By pressing A and B buttons select port one end of the cable is connected to 4 Compare testing results displayed in the menu item Crossover for port A and port B with values that presented in the table 5 5 Figure 5 71 Cable test screen Status current state ...

Страница 68: ...connection of twisted pairs MDI MDI X these values allow to define the cable type In the table 5 5 speed Mbit s for the port A and port B can be specified in the Interface setup menu Table 5 5 Cable type analyzing Speed Mbit s Pair Value in menu item Crossover for the port A Value in menu item Crossover for the port B Cable type 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8 MDI MDI MDI MDI crossover 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8 MDI X MDI X...

Страница 69: ...DI MDI MDI MDI MDI MDI MDI crossover 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8 MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X crossover 1000 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8 MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI MDI MDI MDI straight through 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8 MDI MDI MDI MDI MDI X MDI X MDI X MDI X straight through Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 70: ...s send piecemeal with specified inter frame gap IFG In this case the test is performed from the port A B to the port B A see fig 5 83 or using the Loopback function see fig 5 84 Figure 5 72 Physical layer frame At the Data Link layer all data is encapsulated into an Ethernet frame thus allowing to transmit test packets through a network with the OSI s second layer equipment for example network swi...

Страница 71: ...ime elapsed since the test started RT time remained till test finish BITs number of received bits EBITs number of bits with errors BER ratio of the EBITs value to the BITs value LSS duration of the synchronization loss LSS ratio of LSS duration to the elapsed time ET percentage LOS duration of signal loss LOS ratio of LOS duration to the elapsed time ET percentage Setup switch to the BERT Setup me...

Страница 72: ... specify frame size Rate L2 framed rate value specified in percent in kbps or in Mbps Test duration specify test duration Tests topology switch to Topology menu Figure 5 78 Topology menu Use the Topology menu to specify receiving and transmitting ports The same port can be used for both data transmission and receiving for example with the Loopback feature If you use asymmetric test function you mu...

Страница 73: ...circuits at bit rates up to 14 400 bit s 2e11 1 Error and jitter measurements at bit rates of 64 kbit s and 64 N kbit s where N is an integer number 2e15 1 Error and jitter measurements at bit rates of 1544 2048 6312 8448 32 064 and 44 736 kbit s 2e20 1 Error measurements on data circuits at bit rates up to 72 kbit s 2e23 1 Error and jitter measurements at bit rates of 34 368 and 139 264 kbit s 2e...

Страница 74: ...ed MPLS Figure 5 80 MPLS menu Transmission switch to the Label stack menu Reception switch to the Reception rules menu Values specified in the Label stack and Reception rules menu are also displayed on the screen Figure 5 81 Label stack menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label label value MPLS COS class of service for datagram TTL time to live for datagram Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 75: ...Reception rules menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label 1 Label 2 Label 3 label value 5 15 2 Connection schemes Figure 5 83 Physical layer testing scheme 1 Figure 5 84 Physical layer testing scheme 2 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 76: ...and solutions switch router Figure 5 85 Data link Network layer testing scheme 1 switch router Figure 5 86 Data link Network layer testing scheme 2 Figure 5 87 Data link Network layer testing scheme 3 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 77: ...f received packets OOOPs number of received out of order packets OOOPs quantity of received out of order packets percentage of PKTs INOPs number of packets received in the same order they were transmitted INOPs quantity of packets received in the same order they were transmitted percentage of PKTs ms PKT s number of packets percentage of PKTs with jitter value which is less then specified threshol...

Страница 78: ...t one intervals are dis played the second one shows the quantity of packets percentage jitter value of which lies within corresponding interval Upper limit of an interval can be specified in the Packet jitter Setup menu see Threshold ms parameter Interval between null and the threshold value is divided into defined number of sub intervals As a result of the test in the right column the percentage ...

Страница 79: ... Figure 5 91 Packet jitter Setup Rx port select a port to measure jitter at Threshold ms jitter threshold value Duration jitter measurements duration Test traffic switch to the Test traffic menu Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 80: ...a is generated at one port and then jitter is measured at another one see fig 5 93 in this case destination port could be a port at a remote device see fig 5 94 When generating the test data has been started all settings in the menu become inaccessible for editing NUT jitter measuring test data generating port A B loopback Figure 5 92 Jitter measurements Scheme 1 NUT port B A port A B loopback tes...

Страница 81: ...lue in the range between 64 and 9600 bytes Duration duration of the test traffic generating Rate L2 framed rate value specified in percent in kbps or in Mbps Header switch to the Header menu ET time elapsed since the traffic generating has started RT time remained to the traffic generating finish 5 17 1 Test traffic MPLS settings Label stack and reception rules can be specified in the Label stack ...

Страница 82: ...alysis Typical tasks and solutions Figure 5 96 Label stack menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label label value MPLS COS class of service for datagram TTL time to live for datagram Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 83: ...s screen to select port press button 5 18 1 Aggregated statistics for two ports Figure 5 97 Aggregated statistics Rx frames number of received frames Tx frames number of transmitted frames Rx bytes number of received bytes Tx bytes number of transmitted bytes Rx Kb s this field shows the number of kilobits per second received on port Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 84: ...ast frames Multicast multicast frames Unicast unicast frames Pause pause frames Rx number of received frames Tx number of transmitted frames 5 18 3 Stats by frame size Figure 5 99 Stats by frame size frm size frame size in bytes Rx number of received frames Tx number of transmitted frames Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 85: ... Link layer layer 3 number of received Rx and transmitted Tx frames at the Network layer 5 18 5 Stats by frame errors Figure 5 101 Stats by frame errors CRC number of frames with FCS error Runt number of packets less then 64 bytes with correct CRC Jabber number of packets larger then 1518 bytes with FCS error Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 86: ...ding statistics and to load or delete previously saved test configurations and results Figure 5 102 Results menu To view detailed information about previously saved measurement results press button Figure 5 103 Record information menu To save the data select a number you want to save the entry with press type in a name for the entry to save press press Save Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 87: ...t results 87 To load previously saved test results and settings select number of an entry press Load To delete previously saved test results select number of an entry press Delete press Yes Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 88: ...y the DHCP server IP address port IP address Subnet mask specifies which part of the IP address is the network address and which part is the host address Gateway gateway IP address DNS IP address of the DNS server MPLS on off frames with label transmitting for port A B for LAN port MPLS does not supported If a value of the MPLS field will be set to Off MPLS field Interface setup menu will become i...

Страница 89: ...ues can be used and set the Autoneg parameter to On The connection will be established only if the auto negotiation mode is enabled also on remote end and at least one of the parameters is set to the same value MAC address MAC address of the port A B or LAN which can be specified16 VLAN enabling disabling VLAN parameters setup ID 12 bit VLAN identifier integer in the range 0 4095 Priority traffic ...

Страница 90: ...and Reception rules menu are also displayed on the screen Figure 5 107 Transmission menu LSR IP IP address of router interface to which the Bercut ET is connected LSR realize label switching Rule on off the rule for sending packets in the subnet parameters of which defines below Subnet IP subnet IP address Subnet mask subnet mask Label stack switch to the Label stack menu Bercut ET Operations manu...

Страница 91: ...ck menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label label value MPLS COS class of service for datagram TTL time to live for datagram Figure 5 109 Reception rules menu Labels number of labels 1 3 Label 1 Label 2 Label 3 label value Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 92: ...ntrast customize display contrast Keyboard beep enable disable keyboard beeping LCD auto off select either of the following values for the automatic display switching off Off 20 s 40 s or 60 s To increase the autonomous action period select the minimum value Auto power off select either of the following values for the tester automatic switching off Off 1 5 or 10 minutes 5 22 2 Basic settings Figur...

Страница 93: ... 112 Information screen This screen shows software versions serial number and MAC addresses of device ports Press button Time to switch to the Uptime menu Figure 5 113 Uptime menu Current device work period between the last switch on and present moment Previous device work period between the previous switch on and switch off Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 94: ...or port B buttons 5 22 5 Battery Figure 5 115 Battery screen The screen shows the following data about the current condition of the internal battery temperature C voltage mV current mA current and maximum capacity mAh and the charging time period of time passed after the charging start in seconds 5 22 6 Managing options Option is an extra functionality of the Bercut ET analyzer that is not bundled...

Страница 95: ...he ats command see appendix B for details Table 5 7 Options Option Description ETIP TCP IP network diagnostics routing nodes availability DNS ETWEB HTTP connections testing requires ETIP option enabled ETJT Packet jitter measurements ETRC Remote control for the Bercut ET via TELNET protocol and WWW interface ETMM Complex traffic generating ETMPLS MPLS support ETAT Asymmetric test support Bercut ET...

Страница 96: ...96 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 97: ...ent operation systems 6 1 Management in the Terminal mode An interaction with the analyzer can be performed using HyperTerminal the standard Microsoft Windows 95 98 XP 2000 2003 utility To update the Bercut ET microcode the terminal utility should provide file transmission via the X modem protocol 6 1 1 Terminal mode connection settings 1 Make sure that the device is switched on 2 Connect Bercut E...

Страница 98: ... order of update procedures for FPGA microcode and MCU program does not matter In addition only one of those can be updated if there is no new version for another one 6 1 2 1 Updating FPGA 1 Connect the Bercut ET to PC via USB see section 6 1 1 Check the connection using AT command 2 Type in ATR command Select either system FPGA or expansion FPGA In the Transfer Send File menu of HyperTerminal uti...

Страница 99: ...ase the expected version should be installed instead of the current version Note when FPGA microcodes and MCU are updated it is recommended to press the hardware restart button with any thin blunt pin The button is next to the 12V power supply connector on the side panel 6 1 2 3 Updating file system 1 Connect the Bercut ET to PC via USB see section 6 1 1 Check the connection using AT command 2 Typ...

Страница 100: ...ress of the port Default user name and password admin 6 3 Remote control via WWW interface Remote control via WWW interface2 function allows to view and save on PC all the settings and results of the major tests To view results connect to Bercut ET via A B port or the LAN port and type the IP address of connected port into the address line of your web browser To save the data press Download report...

Страница 101: ...4 Screen shot To get screen shot connect to Bercut ET via A B port or the LAN port and type into the address line of your web browser http IP address_of_connected_port sshot Figure 6 2 Screen shot Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 102: ...102 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 103: ...ned number is less than or equal to 1500 the value is set to Length and defines the length of the data field if contained number is more than or equal to 1536 the value is set to Type value and specifies type of the protocol used Data data field can contain from 46 or 42 in the case of a frame with VLAN tag to 1500 bytes Pad Padding If the data field is less than 46 bytes the containing frame is c...

Страница 104: ...wing fields Priority User VLAN Priority Three bits that contain infor mation about the frame priority eight possible priority values are available 1 CFI Canonical Format Indicator is an one byte flag which must be equal to 0 null for Ethernet frames VLAN ID VLAN Identifier VID is a 12 bit identifier which is defined in the 802 1Q standard 1 VID uniquely defines VLAN to which the current frame belo...

Страница 105: ...c2544 header src udp source UDP port number show rfc2544 header src mac source MAC address show rfc2544 header src ip source IP address show rfc2544 header dst udp destination UDP port number show rfc2544 header dst mac destination MAC address show rfc2544 header dst ip destination IP address show rfc2544 header vlan enabled show whether VLAN parameter is enabled show rfc2544 header vlan id VLAN i...

Страница 106: ... back to back test rfc2544 start start RFC 2544 tests rfc2544 stop stop all RFC 2544 tests rfc2544 show RFC 2544 test results BERT show bert header src mac source MAC address show bert header src ip source IP address show bert header src udp source UDP port number show bert header dst mac destination MAC address show bert header dst ip destination IP address show bert header dst udp destination UD...

Страница 107: ...id VLAN identifier value show txgen header vlan priority traffic priority value show txgen header precedence frame priority value show txgen header tos type of service for the packet show txgen port transmitting port show txgen frame user defined frame size show txgen duration trial duration show txgen rate user defined rate Kbps or txgen start start test traffic generating txgen stop stop test tr...

Страница 108: ... XX XX XX set destination MAC address rfc2544 header dst ip i i i i set destination IP address rfc2544 header vlan enabled off on enable disable VLAN parameter rfc2544 header vlan id text set VLAN identifier rfc2544 header vlan prior text set traffic priority rfc2544 header precedence text set frame priority rfc2544 header tos 0000 1000 0100 0010 0001 set type of service for the packet rfc2544 top...

Страница 109: ...mac XX XX XX XX XX XX set destination MAC address bert header dst ip i i i i set destination IP address bert header dst udp text set destination UDP port number bert header vlan enabled off on enable disable VLAN parameter bert header vlan id text set VLAN identifier bert header vlan priority text set traffic priority bert header precedence text set frame priority bert header tos 0000 1000 0100 00...

Страница 110: ...ce for the packet txgen port a b set transmitting port txgen frame int set frame size txgen duration hh mm ss set trial duration txgen rate set user defined rate Kbps or Network setup network a dhcp off on enable disable DHCP option for port A network a ip i i i i set IP address for the port A network a subnetmask i i i i set subnet mask for the port A network b dhcp off on enable disable DHCP opt...

Страница 111: ...able C 2 Technical capabilities of Bercut ET Tests according to RFC 2544 Available tests Throughput Frame Loss Back to Back Latency Frame size 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 bytes and user defined IP tests Ping Traceroute DNS lookup TCP client Loopback Loopback at the Physical PHY Data Link MAC and Network IP layers with VLAN support and fields swapping capability Cable test Testing a copper cable ...

Страница 112: ...capabilities of Bercut ET continued Remote control Remote control of the analyzer in the following modes terminal via TELNET protocol via WWW interface With remote control running the tests parameters set up getting test results are supported Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 113: ... device The buttery is dis charged Connect the power supply unit and charge the battery Software failure Press the hardware reset button the pin hole next to the 12V con nector on the side panel of the de vice The battery is not charged from the exter nal power supply Power supply unit fail ure broken wire battery failure Check and replace if necessary the power supply unit or the buttery Bercut E...

Страница 114: ...114 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

Страница 115: ... on Ethernet hardware November 1982 4 RFC 1349 Almquist P Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite July 1992 5 RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices S Bradner and J McQuaid March 1999 6 RFC 4689 Terminology for Benchmarking Network layer Traffic Control Mechanisms S Poretsky October 2006 7 ITU T O 150 05 96 General requirements for instrumentation for per formanc...

Страница 116: ...te 19 Latency 18 Loopback 43 Layer 2 L2 44 Layer 3 L3 46 Packet jitter 75 RFC 2544 methodology 17 Statistics by layers 83 frame errors 83 frame size 82 frame type 82 ports summary 81 Test parameters back to back 30 frameloss 29 latency 28 throughput 28 Test results back to back 35 frameloss 34 latency 33 Throughput 17 Traceroute 56 Bercut ET Operations manual ...

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