Industrial Gaussmeter IGM11 Operating Instructions
Chapter 3 Function of the Gaussmeter
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MAGSYS
magne t
systeme
Version 01/2013
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me GmbH - All Rights Reserved.
3
Function of the Gaussmeter
3.1
The Hall Effect
3.1.1
Linear Properties of the Hall Probe
The measurement is based on the deflection of charge carriers in a magnetic field
inside a conductor. Thus, the basis of the measurement of the magnetic flux density is
the Lorentz force. If you apply voltage between the beginning and the end of a flat
electrical conductor, the charge carriers move with a rate of
e
n
Drift
E
v
r
r
⋅
=
µ
, whereby
n
µ
represents the charge carrier mobility inside the conductor. Due to their high
mobility, the charge carriers are always electrons. In a displacement by 90° to the
current direction, you can tap a voltage which is ideally proportional to the magnetic
flux density. Only the part of the flux density becomes effective which runs
perpendicular through the flat side of the conductor.
Figure 2 Basic Assembly of a Hall Probe
If you do not extract any current from the electrodes S1 and S2, but only measure the
voltage, the following applies:
B
t
w
I
w
U
e
n
Hall
e
⋅
⋅
=
⋅
⋅
B
S2
C2
S1
C1
Trial Version
Subje
ct to chan
ge
