Section 7
Specifications
72183227
8-2016/Rev 01
ORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONS
7-4
Table 11-1
Water Quality Standards
Constituent
(mg/l or ppm)
Minimum
Requirement
Better
Best
Total Hardness
25
10
1
pH
6.5-8.5
6.5-8.5
6.5-8.5
Turbidity (NTU)
5
5
1
* Note:
Total dissolved solids
**Note:
Do not reduce the TDS beyond this amount or the water will be too aggressive.
Table 11-2
Water Impurities
Constituent
Chemical Formula
Comments
Alkalinity
Bicarbonate (HCO
3
)
Carbonate (CO
3
)
Hydrate (OH),
expressed as CaCO
3
Acid neutralizing capacity of water. Foaming
and carryover of solids, causes embrittlement of
steel, can produce CO
2
, a source of corrosion.
Calcium
Ca
When dissolved makes water hard; contributes to
the formation of scale.
Chloride
Cl
Adds to solid content and increases corrosive
character of water; in relative percentage
presence with oxygen induces stress corrosion
cracking.
Free Chlorine
Cl
2
Oxidizing agent; can attack elastomeric seals and
damage reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.
Iron
Fe
++
(ferrous)
Fe
+++
(ferric)
Discolors water or precipitation; source of scale
and erosion.
Magnesium as Mg
When dissolved makes water hard; contributes to
the formation of scale.
Manganese as Mn
Mn
++
Discolors water or precipitation; source of scale
and erosion.
Nitrate
NO
3
Adds to solid content; effect is not generally
significant industrially.
Silica
SiO
2
Causes scale
Sodium
Na
Found naturally; introduced to water in the ion
exchange water softening process.
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