Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations
X-3
but may use the same or different medium access
control (MAC) procedures. (T) Contrast with
gateway
and
router.
broadband. (1) A frequency band between any two
non-zone frequencies. (2) A frequency band divisible
into several narrower bands so that different kinds of
transmissions such as voice, video, and data
transmission can occur at the same time. Synonymous
with
wideband. Contrast with baseband, carrierband.
broadband local area network (LAN). A local area
network (LAN) in which information is encoded,
multiplexed, and transmitted through modulation of a
carrier. (T)
broadcast. Simultaneous transmission of data to more
than one destination.
Btu. British thermal unit.
bus. (1) In a processor, a physical facility on which
data is transferred to all destinations, but from which
only addressed destinations may read in accordance
with appropriate conventions. (I) (2) A network
configuration in which nodes are interconnected
through a bidirectional transmission medium. (3) One
or more conductors used for transmitting signals or
power. (A)
bus network. A network configuration that provides a
bidirectional transmission facility to which all nodes are
attached. A sending node transmits in both directions
to the ends of the bus. All nodes in the path examine
and may copy the message as it passes.
byte. (1) A string that consists of a number of bits,
treated as a unit, and representing a character. (T) (2)
A binary character operated upon as a unit and usually
shorter than a computer word. (A) (3) A string that
consists of a particular number of bits, usually 8, that is
treated as a unit, and that represents a character. (4)
A group of 8 adjacent binary digits that represent one
extended binary-coded decimal interchange code
(EBCDIC) character. (5) See
n-bit byte.
C
cascade. To connect in a series or in a succession of
stages so that each stage derives from or acts upon the
product of the preceding stage.
coaxial cable. A cable consisting of one conductor,
usually a small copper tube or wire, within and
insulated from another conductor of larger diameter,
usually copper tubing or copper braid.
collision. (1) An unwanted condition that results from
concurrent transmissions on a channel. (T) (2) When a
frame from a transmitting adapter encounters any other
signal in its path (frame, noise, or another type of
signal), the adapter stops transmitting and a collision is
registered.
collision domain. In IEEE 802.3 networks, one
segment or multiple segments that are interconnected
physically by repeaters.
command. (1) A request for performance of an
operation or execution of a program. (2) A character
string from a source external to a system that
represents a request for system action.
communication network management (CNM). The
process of designing, installing, operating, and
managing distribution of information and control among
users of communication systems.
Community Name. A name given to a configured
group of users authorized for management access to
an SNMP enabled network device.
component. (1) Any part of a network other than an
attaching device, such as an IBM 8228 Multistation
Access Unit. (2) Hardware or software that is part of a
functional unit.
configuration. (1) The arrangement of a computer
system or network as defined by the nature, number,
and chief characteristics of its functional units. More
specifically, the term may refer to a hardware
configuration or a software configuration. (I) (A) (2)
The devices and programs that make up a system,
subsystem, or network. (3) See also
system
configuration.
connect. In a LAN, to physically join a cable from a
station to an access unit or network connection point.
Contrast with attach.
CSMA/CD. Carrier sense multiple access with collision
detection. The access protocol used in Ethernet
networks.
D
data. (1) A representation of facts, concepts, or
instructions in a formalized manner suitable for
communication, interpretation, or processing by human
or automatic means. (I) (A) (2) Any representations
such as characters or analog quantities to which
meaning is or might be assigned. (A)
data link. (1) Any physical link, such as a wire or a
telephone circuit, that connects one or more remote
terminals to a communication control unit, or connects
one communication control unit with another. (2) The
assembly of parts of two data terminal equipment
(DTE) devices that are controlled by a link protocol,
and the interconnecting data circuit, that enable data to
be transferred from a data source to a data sink. (I)
Note: A telecommunication line is only the physical
medium of transmission. A data link includes the
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