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PN 15920
Page 7 of 43
Nitrogen
Nitrogen (an inert gas) is a simple asphyxiate. It will not support or sustain life and can produce immediate
hazardous conditions through the displacement of oxygen. Under high pressure these gases may produce
unconsciousness even though an adequate oxygen supply, sufficient for life, is detected.
Nitrogen vapors in air dilute the concentration of oxygen necessary to support or sustain life. Inhalation of high
concentrations of this gas can cause anoxia, resulting in dizziness, nausea, vomiting, or unconsciousness and
possibly death. Individuals should be prohibited from entering areas where the oxygen content is below 19%
unless equipped with a self-contained breathing apparatus. Unconsciousness and death may occur with virtually
no warning if the oxygen concentration is below approximately 8%. Contact with cold nitrogen gas or liquid
can cause cryogenic (extreme low temperature) burns and freeze body tissue.
Persons suffering from lack of oxygen should be immediately moved to areas with normal atmospheres. SELF
CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS MAY BE REQUIRED TO PREVENT ASPHYXIATION OF
RESCUE WORKERS. Assisted respiration and supplemental oxygen should be given if the victim is not
breathing. If cryogenic liquid or cold boil-off gas contacts a worker's skin or eyes, the affected tissues should be
promptly flooded or soaked with tepid water (105-115
o
F; 41-46
o
C). DO NOT USE HOT WATER. Cryogenic
burns, which result in blistering or deeper tissue freezing, should be examined promptly by a physician.
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