BELARUS-
1523/1523В
/1523.3
/1523В.3
Construction and Operation
58
The tractor is equipped with a Д
-260.1
six-cylinder, in-line, four-stroke turbo-
charged, liquid-cooled diesel e
ngine Д
-
260.1 or Д
-
260.1S, Д
-260.1S2 with di-
rect injection of fuel.
The engine is cranked by an electric
starter.
The engine consists of a cylinder block,
two cylinder heads, crank mechanism,
valve control as well as feed, lubrication,
cooling and starting systems and elec-
tric equipment.
The Cylinder Block
(20) is designed as
a monoblock and constitutes a rigid iron
casting.
Six replaceable sleeves (15) made of
special cast iron are installed in the cyl-
inder block bores.
The sleeve is installed in the cylinder
block with referring to two centring belts.
At the upper belt, the sleeve is re-
strained with a shoulder, while at the
bottom one it is packed with two rubber
rings.
At the bottom, the cylinder block is
closed with a crankcase (1) cast of alu-
minium alloy.
The two interchangeable
Cylinder
Heads
(18) (one per three cylinders) are
iron cast.
The cylinder heads are fitted with inser-
tion valve seats made of high-
temperature and abrasion-resistant al-
loy. The injectors (14) (three pieces per
each cylinder head) are mounted in the
cylinder heads.
The sealing of the cylinder head-to-
engine block joint is ensured by the
gasket (19) made of asbestos-steel
cloth. The bores for the cylinder sleeves
and the oil passageway are edged with
sheet steel. When assembling the en-
gine at the manufacturing plant, the cyl-
inder holes in the gasket are additionally
edged with fluoroplastic rings.
The Crank Gear
includes a crankshaft
(25), together with main- and connect-
ing-rod bearings, a flywheel (22), pis-
tons (14) assembled with piston rings
and pins, and connecting rods (13).
The Crankshaft
is made of steel, sup-
ported on seven bearing saddles and fit-
ted with counterweights. The crankpins
are provided with pockets intended for
additional centrifugal cleaning of oil.
These are closed with threaded plugs.
The front-end of the crankshaft is fitted
with the pinions for driving the valve
control and oil pump, pulley for driving
the water pump, alternator and air-
conditioner compressor (if installed).
To reduce the amplitude of torsional vi-
brations of the crankshaft, the pulley is
equipped with a liquid-type vibration
damper (3).
The
Piston
is made of aluminium alloy.
A combustion chamber is made in the
piston crown. Three compression piston
rings and one oil wiper ring with an ex-
pander are installed in the upper part of
the piston. The top compression piston
ring is of a trapezoidal section, the other
two compression rings are taper-faces.
A “non-resistive” spacer is installed un-
der the top ring.
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