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INDEX

I.2

9.11, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 10.10, 10.11, 10.13, 10.14, 10.15,

10.16, 10.17, 10.18, 11.1, 11.2, 11.9, 11.10, 11.11, 11.12, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3,

12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.6, 14.2, 15.5, 16.2,

16.5, 17.1, 17.2, 17.4, 17.6

Backward Compatibility, 1.11, 2.6, 3.10, 4.12, 7.2, 11.1, 16.7, 17.6, 17.12

Backup Management Software, 8.13

Bad Data Blocks, 11.4

Bar Code Reader, 8.11

Beginning of Tape (BOT), 7.5

Buckling Mechanism, 7.4, 11.6, 17.12, 17.13

CAE/CAD/CAM, 1.7, 10.3

CD-R (CD Recordable), 11.11

CLEO, 10.1

Calibration Area, 7.5

Capacity, 1.1, 1.2, 1.11, 2.1, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.10, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8,

6.2, 6.8, 8.3, 8.4, 8.6, 8.9, 8.12, 9.1, 9.4, 9.7, 9.8, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7,

10.8, 10.11, 10.12, 10.14, 10.16, 10.17, 11.5, 11.6, 11.8, 11.9, 11.10, 11.12,

12.3, 12.4, 14.4, 17.1, 17.3, 17.4, 17.5, 17.7, 17.8, 17.10, 17.11, 17.15

Channel Independent, 11.4

Client/Server, 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 14.1, 17.2

Coercivity, 7.7

Color Coded, 7.6

Commodore 64, 3.1

CompacTape, 3.3, 3.5, 7.9

Compaq, 4.3, 10.13, 10.14, 13.1, 15.3

Compression, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 16.7

Compression Algorithm, 6.2, 6.4, 16.6

Summary of Contents for DLTtape DLT 2000

Page 1: ...i FROM QUANTUM CORPORATION Quantum DLTtape Handbook Your Complete Guide to Today s Hottest Storage Technology Eighth Edition...

Page 2: ...tum com or www DLTtape com Quantum and the Quantum logo are trademarks of Quantum Corporation registered in the U S A and other countries DLTtape the DLTtape logo Super DLTtape and the Super DLTtape l...

Page 3: ...ame as it was original ly to educate our various audiences by providing an in depth look at DLTtape system technology and a comprehensive overview of DLTtape products and solutions The book will also...

Page 4: ...a number of breakthrough innovations it is not a new technology it is an extension of all the concepts that have made the DLTtape systems so successful since the original linear tape technology was in...

Page 5: ...10 Vertical Market Applications 11 DLTtape System Technology Compared 12 Evaluating the Cost of a DLTtape Backup Solution 13 Platform Connectivity Software Compatibility 14 Storage Management Software...

Page 6: ...vi...

Page 7: ...hot subject in recent years There are several answers A number of trends are converging to create a new and seemingly limitless hunger for faster higher capacity storage back up systems These trends...

Page 8: ...uded chapters that cover every thing from the history of DLTtape drives and media to a detailed comparison of competitive backup solutions Here s a sample of what we ll cover What is the DLTtape syste...

Page 9: ...of mission critical leading edge applications Dramatic advances in tape technology for backup Market Size The market for tape drives is projected at 6 billion a year for the next few years with unit s...

Page 10: ...p capacity Let s start with computer systems trends From Mainframe to Client Server The deployment of client server systems is accelerating From 1994 to 1996 the percentage of organizations that said...

Page 11: ...arge pool of storage resources and makes it easily available to the enterprise network SANs are usually deployed to support applications that require large amounts of storage and to support large ente...

Page 12: ...in Fibre Channel hub and switch rev enues See Figure 1 3 Network Attached Storage NAS is simply storage that is deployed independently on a Local Area Network NAS products feature a plug gable Etherne...

Page 13: ...rmation resources to continue to be distributed but for resource management including storage management to become more centralized under a professional management team using high level highly integra...

Page 14: ...e business needed them to function Today s mis sion critical applications must run 7x24 and they are often very cus tomer oriented highly visible and strategic E commerce applica tions like on line ba...

Page 15: ...he clock so the backup win dow is always under pressure they change constantly they tend to grow in size and their content is increasingly graphical and therefore storage intensive Vertical markets dr...

Page 16: ...in the tape backup market Another factor in the evolving tape market is the changing tape technology itself One of the most important trends in the tape environment is the con tinuing proliferation of...

Page 17: ...or PC and small network backup while 8mm and DLTtape system half inch products are flourishing in the mid and high end ranges Figure 1 5 DLTtape System Product Family includes the DLT 4000 drive the D...

Page 18: ...value proposition in order to gain a foothold in the market A new format would have to offer far greater capacity or two to three times the speed of Quantum s DLTtape system in order to have a big im...

Page 19: ...tomers These facts combined with a clear technology growth path and a proven commitment to generation to generation compatibili ty add up to an island of stability in a world of changing technology R...

Page 20: ...ot just about backup anymore Tape applications also include archiving disaster recovery hierarchical storage manage ment real time backup distribution especially distribution of video programs and gra...

Page 21: ...ations The Last Word In any discussion of the market for DLTtape technology the bottom line has to be market share see Figure 1 7 In 2000 the total number of DLTtape drives in use globally was about t...

Page 22: ...eed Capacity Reliability From a performance point of view the characteristics that distin guish the DLTtape system from other tape storage technologies are speed capacity and reliability When compared...

Page 23: ...tape is 60 percent wider than 8mm tape Therefore you can put more information on half inch tape than you can on smaller format tape Linear Recording Versus Helical Scan DLTtape drives read and write...

Page 24: ...pes across the tape This diagonal pattern allows data tracks to be over lapped for very high data density One of the drawbacks of such high density is the increasing difficulty it introduces in error...

Page 25: ...ss track interference In the DLT 7000 and DLT 8000 drives see Figure 2 4 data density was increased by angling the data pattern on WHAT IS THE DLTtape SYSTEM 2 4 3mils Track 0 Track 1 Track 2 Bottom e...

Page 26: ...ts provides read after write data accuracy Figure 2 7 Super DLTtape Read Write Head features 8 channels Very small Magneto Resistive Cluster MRC Heads yield data transfer rates as high as 11MB s nativ...

Page 27: ...effective magneto resistive tape heads densely packed in a small area on the head MRC heads deliver higher data transfer rates and greater data density than traditional heads of similar size They are...

Page 28: ...e TF85 drive is one of the keys to DLTtape reliability Six precision rollers provide a gentle tape path for long tape life Take up Reel Head Guide Rollers Head Drive Leader Figure 2 9 The Super DLTtap...

Page 29: ...m pler than that of the DLTtape drive requiring only four precision rollers to guide the tape Figure 2 10 DLTtape System Tape Path Is Key reason for the industry leading reliability long life and accu...

Page 30: ...elical scan systems the DLTtape guide system links a leader strip on the end of the tape and pulls it out of the cartridge guides it around the head guide assembly in a smooth arc and gently wraps it...

Page 31: ...two reels kept in alignment by the moving head guide assembly described earlier So the part of the tape that needs to be accurate ly aligned with the read write heads is actually suspended between two...

Page 32: ...tape Just pick up a DLTtape cartridge and you realize that it is heavy because it is all storage and very little empty spaces These characteristics half inch format linear recording patented tape guid...

Page 33: ...nearly ready for release but it needed a backup system A group of Digital storage engi neers led by consulting engineer Fred Hertrick worked day and night to come up with a drive that could match the...

Page 34: ...y of the system ensured basic data accuracy The TK50 was introduced with the MicroVAX II in 1985 The drive fit into a full height 5 25 drive bay in the MicroVAX Compared to the DLTtape drive of today...

Page 35: ...head there was little hope of achieving the quantum leap that was need ed in tape capacity By 1988 digital audio tape DAT was about to cross over from the music world to become the smallest entry in d...

Page 36: ...ave to draw tape around a spin ning read write drum which requires a moving tape path with many more parts and points of tape wear Write Read Write Another innovation in the TF85 resulted in high perf...

Page 37: ...ible with the TF85 pre serving customer investment in drives and media Two years later the company introduced the TZ87 now known as the DLT 2000 tape drive This advanced system offered 10GB of native...

Page 38: ...2GB and up In DLT technology Quantum saw the oppor tunity to acquire advanced technology that could ensure the compa ny s leadership position and open new markets for it Quantum acquired Digital s dis...

Page 39: ...bbed the DLT 2000XT for extended tape The new system pro vided an additional 5GB over the capacity of the DLT 2000 drive for a total of 15GB native capacity Quantum was able to achieve this improvemen...

Page 40: ...The DLT 8000 system delivered a 15 increase in storage capacity from 35GB to 40GB native a 20 increase in transfer rate from 5MB s to 6MB s and an important improve ment in reliability from 200 000 h...

Page 41: ...scalable data backup and archival storage for mid range and high end systems These drives which have become the indus try s de facto standard provide a strong foundation for market acceptance of our...

Page 42: ...drives DLT1 Drive Early in 2001 Quantum introduced the DLT1 drive Delivering 40GB per cartridge native capacity 80GB compressed along with a native transfer rate of 3MB s 6MB s compressed the DLT1 dri...

Page 43: ...utions The Server Boom One of the industry trends driving the demand for DLTtape sys tems is the growth in the population of midrange servers Not many years ago 8mm and 4mm DAT digital audio tape domi...

Page 44: ...ting electronic commerce and so on These applications demand bigger disks more capacity and of course better backup solutions This is where DLTtape technology really shines Customers are buying DLTtap...

Page 45: ...and autoloaders DLTtape products are available through major industrial distributors and from value added resellers many of whom serve specialized markets A good example is Avid Technology the leader...

Page 46: ...length feature films and you can look for greater capacity in the future see Chapter 17 for details on Super DLTtape technology For the typ WHY CUSTOMERS WANT DLTtape SYSTEMS 4 4 Figure 4 1 DLTtape Dr...

Page 47: ...lity figures on drive utilization duty cycle as low as 10 percent That means that in a 7x24 operation other drive makers base reliability figures on as little as 2 5 hours of use during every 24 hour...

Page 48: ...got all night and you only need to backup a few files slow is fine But if you re trying to back up a large constantly changing database and the only time you can do it is from 2 a m to 5 a m then spee...

Page 49: ...s you scramble to replace bad drives In other words administrative costs quickly get out of control One user told us he used to spend 35 hours a week to support 4mm DAT backup for critical client file...

Page 50: ...ity yet again by a factor of more than 2X to 448 tracks Track density is just one parameter Another is the underlying tape technology Today DLTtape IV cartridges use metal particle MP media Super DLTt...

Page 51: ...3 Backward Compatibility is maintained throughout the DLTtape media family Tape Type recorded on drive type DLTtape IIIXT recorded on DLT 2000XT DLTtape IV recorded on DLT 4000 DLTtape IV recorded on...

Page 52: ...bility among drives However the DLT 7000 and DLT 8000 drives use a new recording pattern Symmetric Phase Recording The read write head of the DLT 7000 and DLT 8000 drives tilt forward and back see Fig...

Page 53: ...cording tracks to prevent cross track interference and increase data density Figure 4 6 DLT 7000 8000 Head Positioned to read DLTtape cartridge recorded on an older DLTtape drive provid ing compatibil...

Page 54: ...cartridges recorded on a DLT 7000 or DLT 8000 drive the Super DLTtape head tilts to read data recorded using Symmetric Phase Recording SPR See Figure 4 7 That means data written on any DLTtape IV cart...

Page 55: ...e one of the main criteria you use to evaluate tape backup systems You need to match your organization s back up needs to the expected reliability of your tape backup system In standalone workstation...

Page 56: ...ssembly HGA see Figure 5 1 The patented DLTtape head guide is a boomerang shaped aluminum plate In the DLT 4000 DLT 7000 and DLT 8000 drives it has six large bearing mounted rollers These rollers are...

Page 57: ...k solid tape path for industry leading reliability and accuracy Drive Leader Head Take up Reel Tach Assembly Take up Reel Head Guide Rollers Head Drive Leader Figure 5 2 The Super DLTtape Head Guide A...

Page 58: ...The tape is pulled along the tape path see Figures 5 3 and 5 4 to a take up reel mounted permanently inside the drive In this way no space is wasted inside the DLTtape cartridge allowing for more tap...

Page 59: ...fe The drive head is the only contact point on the data side of the tape The four or six tape path rollers touch only the back of the tape so wear is kept to an absolute minimum In helical scan sys te...

Page 60: ...ortant feature that helps extend tape life is the DLTtape drive s self cleaning head design The write read write elements on the head are aligned vertically on three tiny islands This reduces the poin...

Page 61: ...or every 4Kbytes of user data a 64 bit cyclic redundancy code CRC and a 16 bit error detection code EDC are also added In addition each user record is tagged with an overlapping 16 bit CRC To top it o...

Page 62: ...as possible and reduces delays due to reposi tioning In addition parity is maintained between the host system and the DLTtape drive over the SCSI interface Duty Cycle Most drive makers base their perf...

Page 63: ...that characterize the DLTtape system are the reasons why nearly every major tape library manufacturer offers DLTtape system based products The DLTtape system is perfect for heavy duty cycle applicati...

Page 64: ...y different meanings in real life We intend this chapter to be a helpful guide to reading and under standing specs for tape drives in the price and performance category of Quantum DLTtape systems That...

Page 65: ...relevant if you actually compress your data which you may or may not want to do Big blocks of text can be squeezed down Figure 6 1 DLTtape Drives are the performance and reliability targets for all ot...

Page 66: ...ve mode or if it assumes 2 1 data compression or higher compression ratios Be careful to distinguish between terms like peak transfer rate and sustained transfer rate Peak transfer or burst rate usual...

Page 67: ...most cases compression is done by the tape drive itself Several different compression technologies are used Quantum DLTtape systems use the LZ Lempel Ziv compression algorithm This algorithm has adva...

Page 68: ...y it might have to function in a 100 F room Our MTBF calculations for the DLTtape drives are based on a temperature range of 50 F to 104 F 10 C to 40 C a wide range that reflects the worst conditions...

Page 69: ...the DLTtape sys tem more than 10 times more durable even after adjusting for the difference in technology This is the worst case scenario for DLTtape recording In operation it is unlikely to require...

Page 70: ...ies Most DAT drives for one example quote a spec of one uncorrected error in 1015 bits 1015 is 100 times less than 1017 Therefore you can expect 100 times more errors on the DAT drive than on the DLTt...

Page 71: ...ive blocks translates to two inches of DLTtape media That means that even if as much as two consecutive inches of tape are damaged on a single track a DLTtape drive can recover the data Conclusion Com...

Page 72: ...Tape III DLTtape III DLTtape IIIXT DLTtape IV DLT1 CleaningTape and Super DLTtape I Different cartridges are designed to work with different models of DLTtape drives However one of the things that has...

Page 73: ...drive type DLTtape IIIXT recorded on DLT 2000XT DLTtape IV recorded on DLT 4000 DLTtape IV recorded on DLT 7000 DLTtape IV recorded on DLT1 DLTtape IV recorded on DLT 8000 Super DLTtape I recorded on...

Page 74: ...car tridge and the firmly anchored internal take up reel See Figure 7 2 Another feature very specific to the DLTtape cartridge is the tape leader Every DLTtape cartridge includes a specially designed...

Page 75: ...tibility This whole process by which the DLTtape system cartridge interacts with the DLTtape drive is essential to the very high reliability and long life of both the drive and the media The combinati...

Page 76: ...7 5 These differences make it easy for users to differentiate between tapes especially in a situation where there are several different mod els of DLTtape drives working A major difference among the t...

Page 77: ...As a result of the length of tape combined with its half inch width the total tape area contained in a DLTtape IV cartridge is over 10 000 square inches See Figure 7 6 That is significantly more tape...

Page 78: ...ivity rating is 20 percent higher Coercivity is a measure of the strength of the magnetic field needed to change the magnetic orientation of a bit on the tape The higher the coercivity the more magnet...

Page 79: ...and media carries a limited lifetime warranty that the product is free from defects in material and manufacture Only Quantum branded cartridges come with this warranty Our warranty reflects our confid...

Page 80: ...an archival life expectancy of 30 years CompacTape CompacTape was the name used for DLTtape media until 1996 when the name was changed to DLTtape The change was made in order to make it easier for us...

Page 81: ...ry manufacturers serving the mid range market As the DLTtape system has become the leading standard for standalone tape drive performance capacity and reliability it makes sense that tape library deve...

Page 82: ...ysical and control interfaces are compati ble with previous DLTtape drives Super DLTtape drives can be integrated cost effectively and seamlessly into existing automated storage solutions Backup To Th...

Page 83: ...anagement network managers can eliminate many of the scenarios that keep them awake nights Applications For Tape Automation As with standalone tape drives the market for tape automation systems is pre...

Page 84: ...ary or libraries for backup Applications for SANs are typically ones that require large or very large storage capacity They can be con ventional horizontal applications backup and archiving as well as...

Page 85: ...QUANTUM DLTtape HANDBOOK 8 5 Figure 8 2 Evolution of Storage Management...

Page 86: ...he available backup window In addition there are a number of other benefits of tape automation Reduced human intervention People make mistakes Reducing human intervention in the backup process invaria...

Page 87: ...d and removed by the system s mechanical picker sometimes called an elevator in sequential order So for instance if a stacker is set up to perform a full backup of a database the system would begin wi...

Page 88: ...lost production time Inside Tape Libraries Let s take a moment here to look more closely at tape libraries What are you buying when you buy a tape automation system Every tape library comes equipped w...

Page 89: ...f each you can easily calculate the total native capacity of the library Robotic loader mechanism Every library provides some type of mechanical device to load and unload tape cartridges This is the p...

Page 90: ...next available drive A proper drive to car tridge ratio can also provide high availability in most situations Library and loader controllers Most libraries contain two physi cally separate control dev...

Page 91: ...maker today has a Web site They offer at least basic information on library features and options In addition ask library makers for user references and make some calls Ask associates and friends if t...

Page 92: ...e rate If you plan to use your library for hierarchical storage management near on line storage or other high usage applications duty cycle should be an important factor in your search for the ideal s...

Page 93: ...even further Some organizations install dedicated backup servers to offload backup overhead from the main file server In a Network Attached Storage NAS configuration storage resources are attached as...

Page 94: ...s library management systems data interchange and tape as disk applications The widespread use of DLTtape technology for backup and archiv ing applications is easy to understand DLTtape systems offer...

Page 95: ...kup is your insurance policy against hardware failure human error natural disasters viruses and theft Overall there is little difference between backup and archiving Backup is your day to day security...

Page 96: ...are like a snapshot of your disk at a moment in time Because data is sent to the tape in large virtually seamless chunks the tape drive is typically able to achieve optimal stream ing and maximum perf...

Page 97: ...pe and storing it in a closet the information is left in the drive where it is available to users Depending on the type of near on line storage system used it may take several minutes to locate a file...

Page 98: ...t fact to note here is that HSM is not a backup system in the true sense In fact HSM presents a new set of chal lenges to IS managers HSM systems migrate little used files to and from your server s ha...

Page 99: ...he HSM a marker or pointer is left on the network server This pointer tells the HSM software where the file is located for retrieval Your backup software must know what these pointers mean and if nece...

Page 100: ...ows of time this situation has reached a crisis even though these organizations are already taking advantage of high speed tape drives probably running in multi streaming mode It is in these circumsta...

Page 101: ...l with ever smaller backup win dows without disrupting established reliable backup processes RAIT When data transfer rate is your number one concern and down time or lost data must be avoided at all c...

Page 102: ...read write requests must first go through the parity drive Should there be a drive failure the parity information is used to reconstruct the lost data Level 5 RAIT divides the parity information equal...

Page 103: ...ide recovery systems and facilities on a contractual basis Most backup management software includes features to help you recover your data following a disaster Image backups are often used for disaste...

Page 104: ...ovide library management software however some do not provide it directly but recommend a pack age that is compatible with their hardware More and more ven dors of backup and archive applications are...

Page 105: ...aptures a digital snapshot of each collision which occur at a rate of approximately one per second This data is fed into an Alpha workstation for preliminary reconstruction The raw colli sion results...

Page 106: ...ves The DLTtape system solved the problem Now the center can rely on a sin gle copy on DLTtape media for use in data interchange Not Just For IS Anymore The use of the DLTtape system to record critica...

Page 107: ...ften differ from conventional IS applications in several important Figure 10 1 The Special Qualities of the DLTtape System is making it increasingly popular in a variety of vertical applications E com...

Page 108: ...n vertical applications ideal for DLTtape system technology is high data volume Applications such as data acquisition often require very high data transfer rates to keep pace with real time events suc...

Page 109: ...ed for more speed and more capacity In order to meet the varying needs of these and many other appli cations Quantum will offer a range of Super DLTtape technology based products These products addres...

Page 110: ...atellite image data in process data and final processed image data are all stored on DLTtape car tridges in stand alone drives and libraries DLTtape technology is also used to store backup and archive...

Page 111: ...e of sale store location discounts used and so on Data mining applications are characterized by very large databases ranging from hundreds of gigabytes to hundreds of ter abytes They are usually used...

Page 112: ...ia life cost effective performance rapid data transfer and ease of media interchange The DLTtape system is the ideal choice for medical imaging applications DLTtape media offers a 30 year shelf life a...

Page 113: ...ives This last feature was important because the DLTtape car tridges used during flight tests were then sent to labs for data analy sis Many researchers already had DLTtape drives in their systems and...

Page 114: ...ndred to three hundred 3480 cartridges onto a single DLTtape cartridge Data recorded in the 70 s and early 80 s was mostly stored on old nine and twenty one track round tape reels Dunand explains It s...

Page 115: ...the company had a unique situa tion in which it needed to establish a parallel data center across the Thames river in order to avoid shutdowns in the city due to bomb threats fires or other emergencie...

Page 116: ...rous occasions Once a job is printed the printer or service bureau typically stores the job in its archives for a specified period These archived files are kept in anticipation of future reprints and...

Page 117: ...tolerant operations Both locations use Compaq ProLiant systems running under Windows NT With such a heavy daily volume it s impor tant to keep the RAID disks from filling up so Connected s propri eta...

Page 118: ...DLTtape systems is generated on Elite Information Systems Financial Case Management and Legal Time and Billing software running on SCO UNIX and accessed on the firm s TCP IP network We archive the ent...

Page 119: ...s of DLTtape library systems is that they enable developers to keep a game s many plot twists and turns in near online storage Should the plot lead down a dead end devel opers need to be able to turn...

Page 120: ...led backups sheer content driven size dictates an ongoing backup process Another characteristic is the fact that video files usually consist of three distinct types of files the video footage itself v...

Page 121: ...storage space Special MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group encoders are used to compress movies and other programs Digital Nonlinear Editing Film editors used to review every foot of film and manually cu...

Page 122: ...digitize Archiving Unlike many magnetic tapes DLTtape media can be stored for years without fear of media degradation Fast project turnaround Off loading projects onto a DLTtape sys tem frees the edit...

Page 123: ...l take a closer look at quarter inch tape QIC 4mm DAT digital audio tape 8mm tape and optical disk We ll compare these backup systems to the DLTtape system see Figure 11 1 in order to help you select...

Page 124: ...earch list DLTtape System Technology Details To help you compare DLTtape half inch tape technology to com peting technologies let s recap the features that make DLTtape drives unique DLTtape drives us...

Page 125: ...stem that precisely controls tape acceleration deceleration and write read speed One motor pulls the tape across the write read head while the second motor controls tape tension This system eliminates...

Page 126: ...ntage over competing single channel systems in both speed and accuracy Not only do multiple channels enable faster throughput but they allow bad data blocks to be rewritten to an alternate channel Thi...

Page 127: ...hnology to new markets at the low end of the mid range The DLT1 shares many basic design characteristics with other DLTtape drives and uses DLTtape IV media cartridges The DLT1 drive provides native c...

Page 128: ...in the DLT 7000 and DLT 8000 drives except when reading data previously recorded on a DLTtape drive using SPR Of course the big differences between Super DLTtape and DLTtape technology are in perform...

Page 129: ...s the tape By alternating the angle of the data from track to track a helical system can actually overlap tracks When reading from the tape the head that matches the recorded data s angle reads the st...

Page 130: ...generations of Mammoth 8mm drives DDS 4 DDS 4 is a high performance 4mm tape technology It delivers sig nificantly greater capacity up to 20GB and transfer rates up to 2 4MB s than previous generation...

Page 131: ...ystem offer ing compact easy to use cartridges QIC tapes come in two form factors 3 5 minicartridges and 5 25 data cartridges The minicar tridge uses either quarter inch or 315 Travan wide tape Data c...

Page 132: ...ly 4GB of storage but are priced below similar capacity QIC drives Travan minicartridges use 315 wide tape Many manufacturers are adopting the Travan format which is good for QIC users who have suffer...

Page 133: ...le drive or a WORM drive By using the correct media you can create a WORM disk that offers a permanent record or use rewritable media and the same drive can write read and overwrite The most popular m...

Page 134: ...MO drives are slow during write operations because they must erase each disk sector before new data can be written In general optical media is prohibitively expensive for large vol ume backup and arch...

Page 135: ...ls of the dollars and cents of back up We start off of course with the most time honored answer to any cost question It depends Then we follow up with another classic What s it worth to you It Depends...

Page 136: ...schedule for example between midnight and 6 a m you probably need an industrial strength backup solution like a DLTtape based system What s It Worth To You What if you have customer data on your syste...

Page 137: ...ny tapes will you need In a typical backup application there would be incremental backups daily and a weekly full backup If you can put an incremental backup on a single DLTtape cartridge and the full...

Page 138: ...verlook the eco nomic impact of media compatibility Or to put it another way the high cost of incompatibility As we discuss elsewhere in this handbook media incompatibility is a significant problem fo...

Page 139: ...ome on board Some of them are critical to the success of the organization and need to be updated on a frequent schedule The new applications may also be larger and demand more backup space At the same...

Page 140: ...ctivity certainly does not include loading and unloading backup tapes In the past many organizations could think of things like reduced management time as soft savings and perhaps not even include lab...

Page 141: ...want a whole team of developers sitting around for hours or even for many minutes wait ing to restore the file from backup so they can get on with their work That s when the high speed of a DLTtape s...

Page 142: ...tem based automated library that claims compatibility with your computer platform It too has been qualified by the ven dor to work with your system Similarly the developers of software for backup arch...

Page 143: ...olutions Guide are available at www quantum com or www DLTtape com The Platform Connectivity Matrix contains information on plat form type which operating system is used hardware used to test connecti...

Page 144: ...l have already solved any connectivity issues The same is true if you purchase a DLTtape based tape library system that claims support for your particular platform Native Tools Another option often us...

Page 145: ...ort at every stage of the qualification process In the end the customer must decide when the qualification process is complete In the case of hardware vendors once the cus tomer is satisfied with the...

Page 146: ...oad and unload cycles during an RQT period Qualification Process Ensures Satisfaction The DLTtape drive qualification process is an essential part of ensuring that the product shipped delivers the exp...

Page 147: ...LTtape system user you can save time and optimize system performance by downloading the latest version of the DLTtape Tools utility system from the Quantum web site www quantum com or www DLTtape com...

Page 148: ...tips and tuning provide quantitative and qualitative feedback and provide the latest firmware updates Once an ISV solution is quali fied either by Quantum or the ISV or both on DLTtape drives we encou...

Page 149: ...g the demand for storage management solutions start with the growth of client server computing Client server often means heterogeneous environments discon nected islands of technology inconsistent bac...

Page 150: ...criteria include nearly instant file restoration total automation even for remote sites and complete visibility of all storage resources See Figure 14 1 What s in the Mix While nobody can say for sur...

Page 151: ...QUANTUM DLTtape HANDBOOK 14 3 Figure 14 1 Evolution of Storage Management...

Page 152: ...re speed can solve lots of problems With transfer rates up to 11MB s 22MB s at 2 1 compression DLTtape systems have the native speed that gives developers of storage management systems the edge they n...

Page 153: ...storage hierarchy Quantum is committed to offering a broad family of competitively priced tape drive products based on DLTtape and Super DLTtape technology and designed to address the individual stora...

Page 154: ...program that s stored in a special non volatile computer memory chip where it won t disappear when the power is turned off It is typically located on the device s main control board Firmware is stored...

Page 155: ...C programming languages That s a large program Your microwave oven for instance requires a mere 1 000 3 000 lines of code in order to cook your frozen peas to perfection Firmware oversees the operati...

Page 156: ...yet they are significant enough to adversely effect drive operation if not recognized One of the biggest jobs performed by DLTtape system firmware is implementation of the SCSI protocol including comm...

Page 157: ...r Firmware provides the flexibility library makers need to incorpo rate DLTtape drives in their systems For instance library versions of DLTtape firmware allow library makers to adjust tape cartridge...

Page 158: ...ual for complete instructions on updating your firmware Performing a firmware upgrade using tape is easy After placing your DLTtape drive in firmware update mode you simply insert the Firmware Update...

Page 159: ...s with a price tag Each new generation of DLTtape system firmware carries with it the heritage of its ancestors Subsequently the firmware used in the DLT 8000 drive is substantially larger than that f...

Page 160: ...helping to implement these advanced features in future genera tions of DLTtape drives Next we ll look at learning how to use your DLTtape system QUANTUM DLTtape HANDBOOK 15 7...

Page 161: ...o achieve optimal per formance and reliability Read The Directions The number one rule to follow in order to use your DLTtape sys tem properly is to read the directions All DLTtape systems ship with d...

Page 162: ...e just a fraction of that storage space When stored properly a DLTtape cartridge has an archive life of at least 30 years with just a five percent loss in magnetic strength So what should you do and n...

Page 163: ...ible for the sheet of labels to cling to the cartridge by static or humidity and find its way into your DLTtape drive If this occurs it can block the cartridge drive gear Solution store extra labels s...

Page 164: ...the temperature dropped below freezing you should let the tape warm up for the same amount of time it was left outside When To Retire Your DLTtape Cartridges As noted above DLTtape cartridges last a v...

Page 165: ...he tape with the contoured head and help remove any debris from the tape We often hear of users who run their DLTtape drives for months even years without ever having to clean their drive The cleaning...

Page 166: ...will default to 512 byte records often resulting in poor performance Check with your ISV independent software vendor to see if their software supports greater record sizes Finally check to make sure y...

Page 167: ...s For example the SDLT 220 Super DLTtape drive can read files on DLTtape IV cartridges at 20 35 or 40GB native capacity The DLT 8000 drive can read and write files on DLTtape III DLTtape IIIXT or DLTt...

Page 168: ...n dent system vendor with any questions you may have about using your DLTtape drive DLTtape based tape automation system or DLTtape cartridges Next we ll look at the future of DLTtape system products...

Page 169: ...ubling every 12 to 18 months Shrinking backup windows Expanding applications and databases Reliance on information as a strategic asset only those who manage and massage it best stand a chance to win...

Page 170: ...up everything that s critical However the computing industry is starting to look a little like the fashion world let enough time pass and what once was old is new again Experts said the rise of the PC...

Page 171: ...e with Super DLTtape products at the higher end of the DLTtape family and the DLT 4000 DLT 8000 and DLT1 drives evolving into entry level systems offering very high value at lower price points With DL...

Page 172: ...tential for contin ued capacity improvement Super DLTtape Technology Early in 1998 Quantum announced the next generation Super DLTtape technology Initial shipments of Super DLTtape technolo gy product...

Page 173: ...ms and will actually become even more dominant than it is today Why Super DLTtape Will Win Business Reasons DLTtape systems are clearly today s dominant technology in the fast growing mid range system...

Page 174: ...if you move from DLTtape to Super DLTtape technology you continue to handle your backup disaster recovery and other storage management functions exactly as you do today More importantly you are able...

Page 175: ...leading system builders and library manu facturers We listen to them we maintain an ongoing dialogue aimed at making sure DLTtape technology meets their goals And we work with literally dozens of soft...

Page 176: ...e able to achieve increased recording densities and a substantial increase in the number of tracks available for recording However by increasing the number of tracks more advanced servo techniques wer...

Page 177: ...se Quantum patented technologies are Pivoting Optical Servo POS Magneto Resistive Cluster Heads MRC A new High Efficiency PRML Channel Advanced Metal Powder Media AMP Pivoting Optical Servo POS The Pi...

Page 178: ...ether to form a cluster These clustered heads are joined together through the use of advanced thin film processing technology MRC provides higher data transfer rates and capacity than traditional MR h...

Page 179: ...recording densities 97 percent efficient for greater capacity and performance which enables Super DLTtape technology to sub stantially increase its transfer rates and capacities over current DLTtape p...

Page 180: ...rtridge unload It uses a solid metal pin that is attached to the drive leader to link with molded clips attached to the tape leader inside the cartridge The Positive Leader Link design makes the buckl...

Page 181: ...gn for greater durability See Figure 17 7 The Super DLTtape I cartridge features a thicker internal circular wall surrounding the media and more structural ribbing to increase overall cartridge resili...

Page 182: ...ime to market and manufacture and improved support and services Managing Technology Risk We are introducing the new Super DLTtape technologies within a proven technology framework minimizing technolog...

Page 183: ...leading capacity reliability and speed sound good to you then you owe it to yourself and your organization to explore the DLTtape system with Quantum or one of the many qualified DLTtape system vendor...

Page 184: ...perating in networked or stand alone application environments The mid range library automation market will also benefit from the higher performance and backward read compati bility with DLT 4000 DLT1...

Page 185: ...f DLTtape system technology the DLT 8000 tape drive provides significant advantages in performance and capacity over others in its class DLT 8000 Formatted Capacity GB 40 Native Form Factor inches 5 2...

Page 186: ...native capacity per cartridge and a native transfer rate of 3MB s DLT1 Formatted Capacity GB 40 Native Form Factor inches 5 25 Sustained Transfer Rate MB sec Synchronous 3 0 Peak Transfer Rate MB sec...

Page 187: ...fers a combination of 20GB native capacity per car tridge and a native transfer rate of 1 5MB s DLT 4000 Formatted Capacity GB 20 Native Form Factor inches 5 25 Sustained Transfer Rate MB sec Synchron...

Page 188: ...ormula that reduces tape and head wear The result is tape that delivers a proven one million passes with a negligible impact on soft error rates and a 30 year archival life DLTtape III IIIXT IV Super...

Page 189: ...m and the time the data is available from the drive Advanced Metal Evaporated AME A type of tape media created by depositing a thin layer of magnetic material onto a base by means of evaporation AME s...

Page 190: ...nagement and near on line storage A system that generally has storage for multiple tape cartridges a robotic cartridge handling system an electronic control system software and one or more tape drives...

Page 191: ...r A scanning system used in many large tape libraries to inventory tape cartridges and identify cartridge content by recognizing assigned codes Bezel Also known as the faceplate A plastic panel that e...

Page 192: ...cialized RAM used to optimize data transfers between system elements with different performance characteristics e g disk to main memory or main memory to CPU Cache Buffering A technique used in DLTtap...

Page 193: ...e drives use the LZ1 compression algorithm See Lempel Ziv Controller The chip or circuit that translates computer data and commands into a form suitable for use by the hard drive Also known as the dis...

Page 194: ...ther patterns in very large databases of consumer and other information DLTtape drives are often used to back up and or provide near on line access to large databases used in data mining Data Mirrorin...

Page 195: ...ape drives can be erased and reprogrammed with new data Encoding The protocol by which particular data patterns are changed prior to being written on the tape surface as a pattern of On and Off or 1 a...

Page 196: ...d in random access memory and can be altered with ease Format A magnetic track pattern that specifies the locations of the tracks and sectors This information must exist on a tape before it can store...

Page 197: ...ape Also known as the read write head Head Life The length of time a tape drive head will function without replacement or repair usually measured in hours of use Helical Scan Helical Scan technology d...

Page 198: ...systems are AT IDE and SCSI Internal Drive A drive mounted inside one of a computer s drive bays Internet A worldwide network of computer servers originally developed by the federal government as a co...

Page 199: ...botic mechanism to automatically load and unload tape cartridges into one or more tape drives Distinguishable from stackers and autoloaders in their ability to provide random access to tape cartridges...

Page 200: ...MP formulation that takes advantage of the latest advances in binder chemistry By combining both solid and liquid lubricants in the tape binder system tape and head wear are reduced while repelling a...

Page 201: ...l being N Native Mode Refers to the uncompressed storage capacity of a tape or disk subsystem For instance a DLT 8000 tape drive can store 40GB in native mode and 80GB with 2 1 compression Near On Lin...

Page 202: ...or the DLT 8000 drive With this architecture data blocks are not required to be located on any particular track or in consecutive order This channel independent block structure provides a powerful wri...

Page 203: ...t memory chip that allows information to be stored and retrieved by a microprocessor or controller The information can be stored or accessed in any order and all storage locations are equally accessib...

Page 204: ...SI interface Scalability Refers to the capability provided by the DLTtape system family to read tapes from previous generations of DLTtape systems Allows users to upgrade to a faster higher capacity D...

Page 205: ...e Operating and non operating shock levels are usually specified separately Soft Error A faulty data reading that does not recur if the same data is reread from the disk or corrected by ECC Usually ca...

Page 206: ...TPI Acronym for tracks per inch A DLT 8000 drive for instance writes data a density of 416 tpi or 208 tracks across the width of the half inch DLTtape media Take Up Reel The reel inside every DLTtape...

Page 207: ...required for the read write heads to move to an adjacent track Transfer Rate The rate at which the drive sends and receives data from the controller Usually measured in megabytes per second A DLT 8000...

Page 208: ...SARY G 20 W Write Once Read Many WORM An optical disk technology that allows the drive to store and read back data but prevents the drive from erasing information once it has been written X Y Z No ent...

Page 209: ...2 9 9 10 9 10 10 10 18 Atari 3 1 Autoloader 1 12 3 4 4 3 8 1 8 3 8 7 9 11 Automation 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 6 8 7 8 8 8 11 8 12 8 13 14 5 16 8 17 1 Avax International 10 10 Average Access or Seek Time 6 3 Avid...

Page 210: ...anism 7 4 11 6 17 12 17 13 C CAE CAD CAM 1 7 10 3 CD R CD Recordable 11 11 CLEO 10 1 Calibration Area 7 5 Capacity 1 1 1 2 1 11 2 1 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 10 4 2 4 4 4 6 4 7 4 8 6 2 6 8 8 3 8 4 8 6 8 9 8 1...

Page 211: ...LT 2500 3 5 DLT 4000 1 9 1 10 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 3 6 3 10 4 4 4 7 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 12 5 2 5 3 5 7 6 2 7 2 11 2 11 4 11 5 12 3 12 4 15 6 17 3 17 4 17 6 DLT 7000 1 9 1 10 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 3 7 3 8 3 10 4 4 4 9...

Page 212: ...9 9 Dell 4 3 13 1 15 3 Desktop Publishing 3 2 10 12 Digital Equipment Corporation 2 2 3 1 Directory Area 7 5 Digital Pre press 10 12 Digital Publishing 10 12 Direct Digital Online 10 10 Disaster Reco...

Page 213: ...7 14 5 15 1 15 2 15 3 15 4 15 5 15 6 16 5 G GUI 3 3 Graphic Arts 1 7 1 13 8 4 10 3 Growth Path 1 11 3 9 11 2 14 4 17 3 H Half Inch DLTtape 1 3 3 6 4 8 5 4 7 1 7 7 16 4 Head Guide Assembly HGA 2 2 2 6...

Page 214: ...et 1 7 3 7 8 3 9 1 10 3 14 1 J No entries K KPMG 10 11 L LZ Lempel Ziv Compression Algorithm 6 4 16 6 Laser Guided Magnetic Recording LGMR 11 6 17 8 17 9 17 10 17 11 Legato 13 3 Library 3 8 5 9 8 1 8...

Page 215: ...re Health System 10 13 Metal Particle MP Media 4 8 Metrum Datatape 10 9 Microsoft 13 3 MicroVAX II 3 1 3 2 Mission Critical 1 1 1 6 3 9 4 2 5 1 10 6 10 11 10 14 12 1 12 6 14 1 Multimedia 1 7 3 7 10 3...

Page 216: ...10 17 11 17 12 Platform Connectivity 13 1 13 2 Platform Solutions Guide 13 2 Power Supply 8 10 Protective Housing 8 11 Publishing 1 7 3 2 10 3 10 12 Q Quantum Service Center 16 7 Quantum Web Site 8 1...

Page 217: ...3 5 Sony 1 9 11 2 11 8 Specifications 1 10 4 4 5 9 6 1 6 2 6 8 11 8 16 1 17 5 Stacker 8 3 8 7 Sun 4 3 13 1 13 3 15 3 Super DLTtape 1 2 1 6 1 9 1 10 1 11 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 2 11 3 9 3 10 4...

Page 218: ...p 7 3 Tape Path 2 6 2 7 2 8 3 4 3 5 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 7 6 5 6 6 7 3 11 3 11 5 11 7 Tape RAIT 9 1 9 8 Tape Stress 11 3 11 7 Temperature 6 1 6 5 16 4 3M Company 11 9 11 10 Travan 11 9 11 10 U UNIX 4 6 8...

Page 219: ...7 1 8 10 3 10 16 10 17 Video Distribution 1 7 10 3 W White Papers 16 1 WORM Write Once Read Many 11 11 Windows 3 2 3 5 10 13 10 14 13 4 17 7 www DLTtape com 8 11 13 2 13 6 16 1 16 8 www quantum com 8...

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