Palmgren 84315 Operating Manual & Parts List Download Page 14

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Palmgren Operating Manual & Parts List

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OPERATION (CONTINUED)

MAKING LONG CONVEX CUTS

•

First, turn work down to approximate size, using sizing cuts (as
required) to determine various diameters. Finish cuts can then
be made with either skew or gouge.

•

If the skew is used, the principles of the operation are the same
as those employed in cutting a bead – except that the curve is
longer and may be irregular. Use the extreme heel throughout
– start at longer end of curve (if curve is irregular) and progress
toward steeper end.

•

If gouge is used, make cut in the same direction. Start with the
handle well back of point – swinging handle in the direction of
tool travel to overtake the point, if necessary, when the steep
part of the curve is reached. Object is to have the extreme
point doing the cutting throughout with the bevel as tangent
to curve as possible.

MAKING LONG TAPER CUTS

Long taper cuts are made like long convex cuts, with the skew or
gouge. However, the angle between the cutting edge and handle is
kept constant during the entire cut.The handle is not swung around.

•

Always cut downhill. Do not cut too deeply at the center of the taper.

SPINDLE TURNINGS

PLOTTING THE SHAPE

Once the basic cuts have been mastered, you are ready to turn out
finished work.

•

The first step is to prepare a plan for the proposed turning. This
can be laid out on a suitable sheet of paper. The layout should
be to full size.

•

Next, prepare the turning stock by squaring it up to the size of
the largest square or round section in your plan. The stock can
be cut to the exact length of the proposed turning. However, in
most cases, it is best to leave the stock a little long at one or
both ends to allow for trimming.

•

Mount the stock in the lathe and rough it off to a maximum-
size cylinder.

•

Now, project your plan onto the turning by pencil marking the
various critical dimensions along the length of the spindle.
These dimensions can be laid out with an ordinary ruler or by
using a template. Make the pencil marks about

″

long so they

will be visible when the work is revolved under power. The lines
can be quickly traced around the spindle by touching each line
with the pencil.

•

After marking, use the parting tool to make sizing cuts at all of
the important shoulders. When learning, you will find it best to
make sizing cuts to accurately plot the various diameters.
Experienced wood workers can manage with fewer such cuts at
the important shoulders.

•

Plan each sizing cut so that it is in waste stock and make each
cut deep enough so that there will be just enough wood left
under the cut for the finishing process.

•

Once the sizing cuts have been completed, rough-out the
excess wood with a gouge. Then, proceed with the finishing
process by making the various types of cuts required.

RECOMMENDED SPEED

Always follow recommended speed to do spindle turning depend-
ing upon the size and length of workpiece.

DUPLICATE TURNINGS

Identical turnings require great accuracy when plotting the work
and performing the various cuts. Many methods have been
devised to aid in perfecting the work.

Use of Patterns

Professional workers generally use a pattern or layout board. This is
a thin piece of wood or cardboard upon which is drawn a full-size
half section of the turning. The contour of the finished surface is
drawn first. Then, the diameters at various critical points are drawn
to scale as vertical lines intersecting the contour line.

•

By placing the pattern against the roughed-out cylinder, you
can quickly mark the various points of the critical diameters.

•

To make each sizing cut, use outside calipers and set these by
actually measuring the length of the vertical lines on the pat-
tern which represent the diameters desired. Make the sizing cut
down to the proper diameter by using the calipers to deter-
mine when the cut is finished.

•

After making the sizing cuts, hang the pattern behind the lathe
where it will serve as a guide for completion of the workpiece.

Figure 48 – Chisel Inclined in Direction of Cut

Figure 50

SQUARE

1 to 2

″

1 to 2

″

1 to 2

″

2 to 4